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x-ray-computed-tomography xray xray-lecture-notes xray-rs-khandpur yahoo yale-university zinc-oxide zygote ARTIFICIAL HEART http://biomedikal.in/?p=26 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=26 The CPB oxygenates the blood, so does not need to be connected to both blood circuits. Also, a CPB is only suitable for a few hours use, while artificial hearts have so far been used for periods of long over a year. ARTIFICIAL HEART (ARTIFICIAL HEART) Origins A synthetic replacement for the heart remains one of the long-sought holy grails of modern medicine. The obvious benefit of a functional artificial heart would be to lower the need for heart transplants, because the demand for donor hearts (as it is for all organs) always greatly exceeds supply. ARTIFICIAL HEART PARTS (ARTIFICIAL HEAT PARTS) Although the heart is conceptually simple (basically a muscle that functions as a pump), it embodies subtleties that defy straightforward emulation with synthetic materials and power supplies. Consequences of these issues include severe foreign-body rejection and external batteries that limit patient mobility. These complications limited the lifespan of early human recipients to hours or days. EARLY DESIGNS A heart-lung machine was used in 1953 during the first successful open heart surgery. FIRST HEART_LUNG MACHINE (FIRST HEART-LUNG MACHINE) Dr. John Heysham Gibbon performed the operation and developed the heart-lung substitute himself. Whether this device could be considered as an artificial heart is a subject of debate. Dr.Gibbon (Dr.John Gibbon, Mrs.Mary Gibbon & Heart-Lung Machine) The first patented artificial heart was invented by Paul Winchell in 1963. FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART Winchell subsequently assigned the patent to the University of Utah, where Robert Jarvik ultimately used it as the model for his Jarvik-7. JARVIK7 ARTIFICIAL HEART Jarvik-7 Artificial Heart, front view (left), back view (right) JARVIK7 BLOOD PUMP Jarvik's designs improved the device, but his patients succumbed after brief trials. His first Jarvik-7 patient, 61-year-old retired dentist Barney Clark, survived for 112 days after it was implanted at the University of Utah on December 2, 1982. DR.JARVIK WITH FIRST ARTIFICIAL HEART (Dr. Robert Jarvik, inventor of the artificial heart, Jarvik-7, holds up a model like the one implanted in Barney Clark on Dec. 3, 1982. ) One of the innovations of the Jarvik-7 was the inner coating of rough material, developed by David Gernes. This coating helped the blood to clot and coat the inside of the device, enabling a more natural blood flow. After about 90 people received the Jarvik device, the implantation of artificial hearts was banned for permanent use in patients with heart failure, because most of the recipients could not live more than half a year. However, it is used temporarily for some heart transplantation candidates who cannot find a natural heart immediately but urgently need an efficiently working heart. Hiroaki Harasaki of the Cleveland Clinic developed two important improvements for the artificial heart and projected future artificial organs. HIROAKI HARASAKI ARTIFICIAL HEART (Faculty researchers (from left) Jaikrishnan Kadambi and Hiroaki Harasaki and graduate student Stefan Baumann examine some of the features of their pulsatile heart loop that mechanically simulates how the blood flows through the heart.) The two patented inventions solved major obstacles for any fully implanted artificial organs and materials. The first was a non-clotting surface material which significantly reduces the risk of rejection of the organ by the patient's immune system. The second development, which required the collaboration of many disciplines, was an implantable power source which does not create tissue-damaging heat. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN JARVIK & ABIOCOR ARTIFICIAL HEARTS JARVIK & ABIOCOR DEVICE (CLICK PICTURE TO ENLARGE) Recent developments ABIOCOR ARTIFICIAL HEART On July 2, 2001, Robert Tools received the AbioCor Implantable Replacement Heart produced by the AbioMed company of Danvers, Massachusetts. It was the first completely self-contained artificial heart transplant. The surgery was done by University of Louisville doctors at Jewish Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky. ABIOCOR ARTIFICIAL HEART IMPLANTING Tom Christerson survived for 17 months after another AbioCor transplant. On September 6, 2006 the AbioCor device became the first fully implantable artificial heart to be approved under 'Humanitarian Use Device' rules. ABIOMED ARTIFICIAL HEART The 'CardioWest' temporary Total Artificial Heart (TAH?t) was developed from the Jarvik-7 by University of Arizona researchers and approved for use in 2004. It is the first implantable artificial heart to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and has also been approved by the CE. CARDIOWEST TAH-t ARTIFICIAL HEART (CARDIOWEST TAH-t ARTIFICIAL HEART) TAH-t ARTIFICIAL HEART The TAH-t is used only in patients with end stage biventricular failure as a way to improve life expectancy while they are waiting for a heart transplant. In a pivotal clinical study, these patients were successfully transplanted 79% of the time; One-year and five-year survival rates after heart transplant among these patients were 86 and 64 percent. The longest TAH?t implantation so far went 602 days (20.4 months). There are several medical centers where this device can be implanted: United States: - University Medical Center (Tucson, AZ) - Cleveland Clinic (Cleveland, OH) - Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (Richmond, VA) - Aurora St. Luke's (Milwaukee, WI) - University of Michigan Health System (Ann Arbor, MI) - Penn State Hershey Medical Center (Hershey, PA) - Ohio State University Medical Center (Columbus, OH) - Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, PA) - Barnes Jewish Hospital (St. Louis, MO) Canada: - Montreal Heart Institute (Quebec, Canada) Europe: - Groupe Hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière (Paris, France) - Hôpital Guillaume et René Laennec (Nantes, France) - Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin / German Heart Institute Berlin (Berlin, Germany) - Herz-und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein Westfalen / Heart and Diabetes Center (Bad Oeynhausen, Germany) - Herzzentrum Leipzig GmbH Universitaetsklinik (Leipzig, Germany) - Universitäts Klinikum Freiburg (Freiburg, Germany) - Universitätsklinikum Münster (Munster, Germany) - Herzzentrum Köln (Cologne, Germany) - University Hospital Munich (Munich, Germany) - Friedrich-Alexander University Hospital (Nuremburg, Germany) With increased understanding of the heart and continuing improvements in prosthetics engineering, computer science, electronics, battery technology, and fuel cells, a practical artificial heart may be a reality in the 21st century. Heart assist devices Thoratec Heartmate VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE (THORATEC HEARTMATE VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE) Patients who have some remaining heart function but who can no longer live normally may be candidates for ventricular assist devices which do not replace the heart, but boost its output. VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES WORKING The first heart assist device was FDA approved in 1994, and two more received approval in 1998. While the original assist devices emulated the pulsating heart newer versions, such as the Heartmate II, developed by the Texas Heart Institute of Houston, Texas, provide continuous flow. HEARTMATE BLOOD PUMP These pumps (which may be cetrifugal or axial flow) are smaller and potentially more durable and long-lasting than the current generation of total heart replacement pumps. Several continuous flow ventricular assist devices have been approved for use in the European Union and as at August 2007 were undergoing clinical trials for FDA approval. VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE: VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE WORKING (Line drawing of how VentrAssist device is implanted ) 1.)Natural Heart is not removed. 2.)A short inflow cannula is attached to left ventricle which delivers blood from heart to the device. 3.)The outflow cannula from the pump delivers blood from the device to the ascending aorta, the major artery supporting the body. 4.)Device is then implanted in the "pump-pocket" which is located on the left side of the body, behind the muscles of the abdominal wall and below the rib cage. The drive line from the pump exits from the right side of the abdomen below the ribs. 5.)This connects the pump to the controller and batteries worn on an external belt or backpack. VentrAssist is the world's leading artificial heart assist device. It is designed as a permanent alternate to heart transplant as well as a bridge to transplant (BTT) or a bridge to recovery (BTR). It is a blood pump that is connected to the left ventricle of a diseased heart to help the ailing heart's pumping action. The device has only one moving part - a hydrodynamically suspended impeller. It is designed to have no wearing parts or cause blood damage. It weighs 298g and is less than 6cm in diameter, making it suitable for both children and adults. The implanted parts of the device are constructed using materials that are fully biocompatible including titanium alloys. It has a diamond-like coating on blood contacting surfaces. The device is powered by an external battery pack with each rechargeable battery set lasting about 8 hours, but also being mains operable. The global market for devices such as VentrAssist will grow to between $7.5 billion and $12 billion annually in the next few years. MORE PICTURES: ARTIFICIAL HEART: ARTIFICIAL HEART MILESTONES ARTIFICIAL HEART PICTURE ARTIFICIAL HEART PICTURE ABICOR ARTIFICIAL HEART ABICOR ARTIFICIAL HEART ABICOR HEART PUMP ABICOR HEART PUMP ABICOR HEART ABICOR HEART JARVIK ARTIFICIAL HEART JARVIK-7 ARTIFICIAL HEART JARVIK 2000 HEART PUMP JARVIK 2000 HEART PUMP HEART ASSIST DEVICES: VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE PICTURE VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE PICTURE ELECTRIC LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES ELECTRIC LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES PNEUMATIC LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES PNEUMATIC LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES VAD Further Readings For : 1.) HOW ARTIFICIAL HEART WORKS 2.) HEART ASSIST DEVICES 3.) ARTIFICIAL HEARTS]]> 26 2009-12-07 16:11:36 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 5622351784762933243 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260202298 Automatic noninvasive measurement of systolic blood pressure using photoplethysmography http://biomedikal.in/?p=159 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=159 159 2009-12-04 07:08:55 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1259937039 _edit_last 11062180 Automatic noninvasive measurement of systolic blood pressure using photoplethysmography http://biomedikal.in/?p=160 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=160 160 2009-12-04 07:21:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1259937019 _edit_last 11062180 http://biomedikal.in/?p=298 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=298 Company Profile One of our leading client who is in to the business of Hospitality and Bio Medical Equipment having branches all over India Job Description
  • Fresher - Will be required to explain to customers biological implications for use of injectors in connection with ct scanning where injectors are used .
  • Should be knowing English and Hindi
  • Should be willing travel
Candidate Profile Diploma in biomedical./ Degree 1—2 YRS EXPERIENCE in marketing . Should be able to travel and Will be required to explain to customers biological implications for use of injectors in connection with ct scanning where injectors are used Exp : 0 years (fresher) Education : B.Tech/B.E City : Bengaluru/Bangalore]]>
298 2009-12-12 08:21:08 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1260607148 _edit_last 11062180
ROSS AND WILSON ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY IN HEALTH AND ILLNESS By ANNIE WAUGH &ALLISON GRANT- BIOMEDICAL BOOKS http://biomedikal.in/?p=887 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=887

Book overview

Here's an easy-to-read and easy-to-understand basic textbook of anatomy and physiology. Highly illustrated full-color photos are used throughout. In addition to covering the "normal" anatomy and physiology, each chapter ends with a brief section on diseases which explains what happens when the "normal" goes wrong. The text provides the essential foundations of understanding for all students studying health-related courses.
TABLE OF  CONTENTS
DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK
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887 2010-01-03 06:47:29 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1262501252 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
Understanding the Human Body: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology (Video Training) Big package http://biomedikal.in/?p=942 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=942 Contents: lecture 1. Cardiovascular system: anatomy of the heart - lecture 2. Cardiovascular system: physiology of the heart - lecture 3. Cardiovascular system: anatomy of the great vessels - lecture 4. Cardiovascular system: physiology of the great vessels - lecture 5. Respiratory system: anatomy of the lungs - lecture 6. Respiratory system: physiology of the lungs - lecture 7. Nervous system: anatomy of the brain - lecture 8. Nervous system: physiology of the brain - lecture 9. Nervous system: spinal cord and spinal nerves - lecture 10. Nervous system: autonomic nervous system and cranial nerves - lecture 11. Nervous system: the eyes - lecture 12. Nervous system: the ears, hearing and equilibrium - lecture 13. Nervous system: pathology & trauma - lecture 14. Digestive system: anatomy of the mouth, esophagus and stomach - lecture 15. Digestive system: physiology of the mouth, esophagus and stomach - lecture 16. Digestive system: anatomy of the pancreas, liver & the biliary tree - lecture 17. Digestive system: physiology of the pancreas, liver & the biliary tree - lecture 18. Digestive system: anatomy of the small intestine, colon and. rectum - lecture 19. Digestive system: physiology of the small intestine, colon and rectum - lecture 20. Endocrine system: the pituitary and adrenal glands - lecture 21. Endocrine system: pancreas - lecture 22. Endocrine system: thyroid and parathyroid glands - lecture 23. Urinary system: anatomy of the kidneys, ureters and bladder - lecture 24. Urinary system: physiology of the kidneys, ureters and bladder - lecture 25. Reproductive system: male - lecture 26. Reproductive system: female - lecture 27. Reproductive system: physiology of genetic inheritance - lecture 28. Musculoskeletal system: physiology and physics of the muscles - lecture 29. Musculoskeletal system: anatomy of the muscles - lecture 30. Musculoskeletal system: bones - lecture 31. Immune system: anatomy & physiology - lecture 32. What can go wrong? What You Learn? * Cardiovascular System: The course opens with the cardiovascular system, focusing on the heart in Lectures 1 and 2. You examine its different parts, their responsibilities, and how the processes can break down. Lectures 3 and 4 complete thecardiovascular system with descriptions of the anatomy and physiology of the great vessels of the body, including arteries, veins, and their relationships. * Respiratory System: Tied directly to the structure and function of the heart and great vessels is the respiratory system—covered in Lectures 5 and 6, which address the anatomy and physiology of the lungs. * Nervous System: The lectures continue with a look at the very reason for the existence of all the other organ systems: the nervous system. Lectures 7 and 8 explore thestructure and function of the brain itself. Lecture 9 covers the anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord and the spinal nerves. Lecture 10 addresses the unconscious workings of the autonomic nervous system and all-important cranial nerves. In Lecture 11, you learn about the wonders of sight and the eye. In Lecture 12, you study the ears, hearing, and balance. Lecture 13 ends the discussion of the nervous system by examining memory, brain pathology, anesthesia, and pain. * Digestive System: Lectures 14 and 15 examine the anatomy and physiology of the upper portion of the gastrointestinal tract—the mouth, esophagus, and stomach—continuing in Lectures 16 and 17 with the pancreas, liver, and the biliary tree. In Lectures 18 and 19 you learn about theanatomy and physiology of the small intestine, colon, and rectum. * Endocrine System: Dr. Goodman devotes three lectures to the endocrine system. In Lecture 20, you study the anatomy and physiology of the pituitary gland and the adrenal glands, then move on to cover the anatomy and physiology of the endocrine pancreas in Lecture 21. In Lecture 22, Dr. Goodman completes the analysis of the endocrine system with a look at theanatomy and physiology of the thyroid gland and the parathyroid glands. * Urinary System: Lectures 23 and 24 focus on the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. * Reproductive System: In Lectures 25 and 26, Dr. Goodman discusses the anatomy and physiology of the male and female reproductive systems. Lecture 27 covers genetic inheritance and its potential problems. * Musculoskeletal System: The next topic is the musculoskeletal system. Lecture 28 looks at the physiology and physics of the muscles. In Lecture 29, you examine the anatomy of specific muscle groups. Lecture 30 focuses on theanatomy and physiology of the skeleton. * Immune System: Lecture 31 addresses the structure and function of the body's major defense mechanism, the immune system. * Cancer: The course ends with a lecture on the biology of human cancer. Comprehensive ... Humane ... Lighthearted ABOUT THE  DOCTOR Dr. Goodman's teaching style is clear but comprehensive, objective but humane, learned but lighthearted. He received his undergraduate degree from Harvard University and his M.D. from Cornell Medical College. After a surgical internship and residency at the University of Michigan Medical Center, he completed his surgical training and chief residency at the Harvard Surgical Service of Boston City Hospital, New England Deaconess Hospital, Lahey Clinic, and Cambridge City Hospital. Dr. Goodman is a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons and a Diplomate of the American Board of Surgery. Currently, he teaches gross anatomy at Montana State University in the W.W.A.M.I. Medical Sciences Program. "While it is certain that this course will NOT prepare you for performing an emergency tracheotomy, a wilderness appendectomy, or an informal diagnosis of your neighbor's child's illness," says Dr. Goodman, "I hope it will excite and inflame an interest in your own body, its processes, and 'the ills that flesh is heir to.'" Please Note: These lectures are intended to increase the understanding of the structure and function of the human body. They are in no way designed to be used as medical references for the diagnosis or treatment of medical illnesses or trauma. Neither The Teaching Company nor Dr. Goodman can be responsible for any result derived from the use of this material. Questions of diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions must be brought to the attention of qualified medical personnel. 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draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263414559 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1076 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1076 Book Description: This book summarizes the radiation physics knowledge that professionals working in medical physics need to master for efficient and safe dealings with ionizing radiation. It contains eight chapters, each chapter covering a specific group of subjects related to radiation physics and is intended as a textbook for a course in radiation physics in medical-physics graduate programs. However, the book may also be of interest to the large number of freeduan.com professionals, not only medicalphysicists, who in their daily occupations deal with various aspects of medical physics and find a need to improve their understanding of radiation physics. The main target audience for this book is graduate students studying for M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in medical physics, who haveto possess the necessary physics and mathematics background knowledge to be able to follow and master the complete textbook. Medical residents, technology students andbiomedical engineering students may find certain sections too challenging or esoteric, yet they will find many sections interesting and useful in their studies. Candidates preparing for professional certification exams in any of the medical physics subspecialties should find the material useful, and some of the material would also help candidates preparing for certification examinations in medical dosimetry or radiation-related medical specialties. Numerous textbooks are available covering the various subspecialties of medical physics but they generally make a transition from the elementary basic physics directly into the intricacies of the given medical physics subspecialty. The intent of this textbook is to provide the missing link between the elementary physics on the one hand and the physics of the subspecialties on the other hand. DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE]]> 1076 2010-01-08 00:42:29 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 _edit_lock 1262891556 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 Essentials of Writing Biomedical Research Papers By mimi zeiger http://biomedikal.in/?p=1258 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1258

Book overview

Provides immediate help for anyone preparing a biomedical paper by givin specific advice on organizing the components of the paper, effective writing techniques, writing an effective results sections, documentation issues, sentence structure and much more. The new edition includes new examples from the current literature including many involving molecular biology, expanded exercises at the end of the book, revised explanations on linking key terms, transition clauses, uses of subheads, and emphases. If you plan to do any medical writing, read this book first and get an immediate advantage.
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1258 2010-01-10 20:50:47 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1263136850 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
Digin – Internships 2010 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1264 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1264 1264 2010-01-11 07:22:31 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1263174751 _edit_last 11581582 Cancer Imaging, Volume 1: Lung and Breast Carcinomas By M. A. Hayat http://biomedikal.in/?p=1501 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1501 M. A. Hayat, "Cancer Imaging, Volume 1: Lung and Breast Carcinomas" Academic Press | 2007-12-07 | ISBN: 0123704685 | 656 pages | PDF | 18,2 MB

BOOK DESCRIPTION

This two-volume reference book will present imaging technology currently used in clinics or at experimental stages for diagnosis and/or early detection of various cancers, including anticancer vaccines, surgical techniques, chemotherapy, radiation, and gene therapies. Cancers discussed will include breast, lung, liver, prostate, cervical, brain, gastrointestinal, ovarian, gallbladder, esophageal, head and neck, bronchial, bone, thyroid, pancreatic, lymphoma, melanoma, and multiple myeloma malignancies. Approximately 100 research scientists and clinicians from more than 20 countries will contribute chapters. Concentrates on the application of imaging technology to the diagnosis and prognosis of lung and breast carcinomas, the two major world-wide malignancies Addresses relationship between radiation dose and image quality Discusses the role of molecular imaging in identifying changes for the emergence and progression of cancer at the cellular and/or molecular levels

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1501 2010-01-13 16:59:57 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1263382197 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
MDU rohtak syllabus 3rd year http://biomedikal.in/?p=312 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=312 312 2009-12-14 10:56:44 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1260788205 _edit_last 11062180 Recent developments in prosthetics & orthosis-biomechanics notes http://biomedikal.in/?p=361 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=361 PREFABRICATED ORTHOTICS A notable trend of the past decade has been the growth of prefabricated orthotic components in a field that formerly was largely custom fabricated . Because they usually cost less than custom-molded devices, these products tend to be favored by Medicare and other third-party payers and thus in many applications are approved over a custom alternative. Sometimes a prefabricated product will do the job reasonably well—nevertheless, the importance of a proper fit should not be discounted. Even with these less-expensive alternatives, the skill and experience of a well-qualified orthotist can mean the difference in achieving a successful outcome.
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361 2009-12-16 16:16:43 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260980711 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
Employment News – 19 December, 2009 http://biomedikal.in/?p=530 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=530 530 2009-12-21 09:12:39 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1261386761 _edit_last 11062458 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1655 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1655 EVERY NEW SEMESTER

I

AFTER FIRST WEEK

AFTER 2ND WEEK

BEFORE MID-TERM TEST

DURING MID-TERM TEST

AFTER MID-TERM TEST

BEFORE FINAL EXAM

AFTER KNOWING THE  DATESHEET

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1655 2010-04-17 00:55:37 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1271433338
PAPER PRESENTATIONS & CONFERENCES GIVE NOTHING EXCEPT CERTIFICATES http://biomedikal.in/?p=1684 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1684 1684 2010-04-20 21:07:32 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271765252 _edit_last 1 LECTURE NOTES ON BASIC ELECTRONICS http://biomedikal.in/?p=1694 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1694 lecture1.ppt

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WORKSHOP ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING http://biomedikal.in/?p=1710 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1710 1710 2010-04-22 21:35:36 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271939976 _edit_last 1 BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS UP FOR SALE http://biomedikal.in/?p=1778 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1778 1778 2010-05-03 21:37:37 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272890437 _edit_last 1 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1794 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1794 ]]> 1794 2010-05-07 14:17:09 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1273209429 _edit_last 1 GATE BOOKS FOR MATHEMATICS-INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING http://biomedikal.in/?p=301 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=301 Engineering Mathematics Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems. Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent' series, Residue theorem, solution integrals. Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis. Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations. Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.]]> 301 2009-12-12 15:32:32 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260631959 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS OFFERED BY INDIAN COUNCIL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH(ICMR) FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOW COST DIABETES DETECTION KITS http://biomedikal.in/?p=1523 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1523 The Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, New Delhi has launched a national programme on Prevention  and Control of Cardiovascular diseases , Diabetes & Stroke. Under  this Programme,universal screening for Diabetes in the country is proposed .  For this the Diabetes Detection Kits alongwith Glucometers are proposed to be used.  The cost of the kits at present is  around Rs. 10 per test which affects the cost effectiveness of the programme.  In order to adequately support the programme,the Indian Council of Medical Research is taking an initiative at  exploring modalities for reducing the cost of the  kits,  so that the Programme becomes very cost- effective. The Council invites individuals, Institutes, R & D Organisations and laboratories including the pharmaceuticals companies to come forward for indigenously developing  kits for detection for Diabetes which are sensitive and specific , affordable and feasible  for such a large Programme. The Council would evaluate  any such initiative and suitable support will be provided for the same.  The pharmaceutical companies are also encouraged to look for transfer/ adoption of appropriate technology from overseas in order to reduce the cost eventually. Interested individuals, Institutes, R & D Organisations and laboratories including the pharmaceutical companies are requested to contact Dr. Chander Shekhar, Scientist “F”, Division of Reproductive Health & Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi

by 31th Jan, 2010 Dr. Chander Shekhar, Scientist “F”, Division of Reproductive Health & Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi 110 029. Tel. 011 2658 8755 Mob. 098101 18206, E-mail shekharc57@yahoo.com

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1523 2010-01-13 22:56:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263403434 _edit_lock 1263403571 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
INTERVIEW AND SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ON IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL JOBS & NOTES http://biomedikal.in/?p=550 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=550 550 2009-12-22 16:44:31 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261500512 http://biomedikal.in/?p=586 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=586 LECTURE NOTES ON FUNDAMENTAL OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING MATLAB- DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING LECTURE NOTES NOTES ABOUT IMAGE PROCESSING TOOLBOX]]> 586 2009-12-24 19:28:13 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261682895 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 LECTURE NOTES ON HOLOGRAPHY http://biomedikal.in/?p=587 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=587 587 2009-12-24 18:39:50 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1262013510 _edit_last 11062180 LECTURE NOT http://biomedikal.in/?p=588 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=588
Lect. 1. Holography and Imaging Methods. Lect. 2. Holographic Transforms in Digital Computers Lect. 3 Digital Recording and Numerical Reconstruction of Holograms Lect. 4. Computer Generated Holograms (CGH): principles Lect. 5. Methods for Encoding CGH for Recording on Physical Media Lect. 6. Optical Reconstruction of CGHs Lect. 7. CHGs and Optical Information Processing Lect. 8. CGHs and 3D Visual Communication Lect. 9.  Lect. 9.  Stochastic Noise Models in Imaging and Digital Holography Lect. 10.  Image Processing Methods in Digital Holography ]]>
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WHAT IS A BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE ? KNOWLEDGE NOTES http://biomedikal.in/?p=632 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=632 632 2009-12-26 16:13:44 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261936935 Stepcone 2010 - Annual Student Technical Paper Contest and Exhibition http://biomedikal.in/?p=678 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=678 DESCRIPTION STEPCONE 2010 is the annual "Student Technical Paper Contest and Exhibition" of GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Srikakulam District, AP . The theme surrounding the papers are typical innovations in technology. The objective of STEPCONE is to bring young technologists on a common platform for exchange of ideas and networking; and to expose them to multi-dimensional activities that enrich and widen their horizons. This also forms a place to foster friendship and interaction in a lively and dynamic environment. GMRIT has successfully conducted this all-India event several times in the past and Engineering youth from all over India eagerly look forward to participating in this event. Continuing with the tradition, STEPCONE-10 has been scheduled on 8th & 09th of January 2010. A jury comprising experts from premier institutions will judge the performance of the students, enabling them to have an opportunity to give wings to their ideas with rich feedback. The two-day programme will host many events like Technical Paper Presentations, Project Exhibition, Quizzes, On-line gaming, Group Discussion, Programming Contest and other spot events . Website : STEP CONE Email address: stepcone@stepcone.org]]> 678 2009-12-29 06:56:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262069766 MEDICAL IMAGING PHYSICS By WILLIAM.R.HENDEE http://biomedikal.in/?p=812 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=812 812 2009-12-30 09:44:06 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1262166490 _edit_last 11062180 UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING & BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING http://biomedikal.in/?p=1607 Wed, 30 Nov -0001 00:00:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1607 Lecture 1. Signals and mathematical models Lecture 2 Digital representation of signals Lecture 3 Signal discretization by sampling Lecture 4 Element-wise quantization Lecture 5 Principles of signal and image coding Lecture 6 Signal transformations and their discrete representation. Digital filters Lecture 7 Discrete representations of Fourier Transform Lecture 8 Applications of DFT and SDFTs Lecture 9 Principles of signal parameter estimation Lecture 10 Signal reconstruction and enhancement: linear filters Lecture 11Signal/image restoration: nonlinear filters Lecture 12 Correlational averaging as a method for signal restoration Lecture 13 Ultrasound image processing for quantitative analysis of fetal movement Test signals and images for exercises]]> 1607 2010-04-16 21:11:01 0000-00-00 00:00:00 open open draft 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271419921 _edit_last 1 INTRODUCTION http://biomedikal.in/introduction/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 18:22:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/introduction Name : Kush Tripathi Gender : Male Status : Student in C.I.T.M faridabad, Now under MRIU faridabad. Education : Pursuing B.E (Biomedical Engineering), 7th Semester I Like Internet Surfing As My StressBuster And Use It To Increase My Knowledge
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1524 2009-11-30 18:22:00 2009-11-30 18:22:00 open open introduction publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7260918683300734442 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115810 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
PLEASE BE CAUITIOUS AND NOTE THIS http://biomedikal.in/please-be-cauitious-and-note-this/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 18:58:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/please-be-cauitious-and-note-this PLEASE READ THIS WHAT IS WRITTEN IN THIS IMAGE AND ALWAYS HELP WHEN SOMEONE NEEDS YOU AT THE TIME OF ACCIDENT.
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5 2009-11-30 18:58:00 2009-11-30 18:58:00 open open please-be-cauitious-and-note-this publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 8817758507633913120 geo_latitude 28.372060 _edit_lock 1262114821 _edit_last 11062180 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
Tips to Search GOOGLE BETTER http://biomedikal.in/tips-to-search-google-better/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:00:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/tips-to-search-google-better This is an old one, but very important: Put quotes around phrases that must be searched together. If you put quotes around "electric curtains," Google won't waste your time finding one set of Web pages containing the word "electric" and another set containing the word "curtains." Similarly, put a hyphen right before any word you want screened out. If you're looking up dolphins, for example, you'll have to wade through a million Miami Dolphins pages unless you search for "dolphins - Miami." Google is a global White Pages and Yellow Pages. Search for "phonebook:home depot norwalk , ct," Google instantly produces the address and phone number of the Norwalk Home Depot. This works with names ("phonebook: robert jones las vegas, NV") as well as businesses. Don't put any space after "phonebook." And in all of the following examples, don't type the quotes I'm showing you here. Google is a package tracker. Type a FedEx or UPS package number (just the digits); when you click Search, Google offers a link to its tracking information. Google is a calculator. Type in an equation ("32+2345*3- 234="). Google is a units-of-measurement converter. Type "teaspoons in a gallon," for example, or "centimeters in a foot." Google is a stock ticker. Type in AAPL or MSFT, for example, to see a link to the current Apple or Microsoft stock price, graphs, financial news and so on. Google is an atlas. Type in an area code, like 212, to see a Mapquest map of the area. Google is Wal-Mart's computer. Type in a UPC bar code number, such as "036000250015, " to see the description of the product you've just "scanned in." (Thanks to the Google Blog, http://google.blogspace. com , for this tip and the next couple.) G oogle is an aviation buff. Type in a flight number like "United 22" for a link to a map of that flight's progress in the air. Or type in the tail number you see on an airplane for the full registration form for that plane. Google is the Department of Motor Vehicles. Type in a VIN (vehicle identification number, which is etched onto a plate, usually on the door frame, of every car), like "JH4NA1157MT001832, " to find out the car's year, make and model. For hours of rainy-day entertainment, visit http://labs. google.com . Here, you'll find links to new, half-finished Google experiments- like Google Voice, in which you call (650) 623-6706, speak the words you want to search for and then open your browser to view the results. Disclaimer: It wasn't working when I tried it. (Ditto a lot of these experiments. )
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6 2009-11-30 19:00:00 2009-11-30 19:00:00 open open tips-to-search-google-better publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 8328699391568487774 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114772 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
M.D.U ROHTAK DATESHEETS DECEMBER 2009 AND RESULTS EASY & FAST http://biomedikal.in/m-d-u-rohtak-datesheets-december-2009-and-results-easy-fast/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:04:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/m-d-u-rohtak-datesheets-december-2009-and-results-easy-fast Reblog this post [with Zemanta]]]> 7 2009-11-30 19:04:00 2009-11-30 19:04:00 open open m-d-u-rohtak-datesheets-december-2009-and-results-easy-fast publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 3784459121199376812 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114737 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 _oembed_7f38a47b7a02e721adf77c276feb433c {{unknown}} _oembed_b1367ba3db6af0d5b9286aced0249d1a {{unknown}} _oembed_f9fbdf82f99ade09d43b4a0084f49ee0 {{unknown}} NOTES AND PAPERS OF ALL THE SUBJECTS http://biomedikal.in/notes-and-papers-of-all-the-subjects/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:16:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/notes-and-papers-of-all-the-subjects I HAVE A FEELING THAT MOST OF US LIKE TO READ NOTES RATHER THAN MAKING NOTES FOR HOURS SO I THOUGHT I SHOULD SHARE URL'S WHICH I LIKE FOR GETTING NOTES I WOULD BE PUBLISHING THESE URL'S EVERYDAY FROM NOW MAY BE IF ANYONE WHO NEEDS CAN GET THEM EASILY AND BE BENIFITTED OUT OF IT LETS START WITH http://wwwGOGETPAPERS.COM -THIS SITE CONATINS ALL THE NOTES AND ALSO ON EVERY SUBJECT WHICHEVER STREAM YOU MAY BELONG THIS SITE CONTAINS NOTES ABOUT IT ALL THE PDF'S  EXTRACTED FROM GOOGLE AS WELL AS OTHER SEARCH ENGINES ARE AVAILABLE HERE.
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8 2009-11-30 19:16:00 2009-11-30 19:16:00 open open notes-and-papers-of-all-the-subjects publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 8541595644980033380 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114717 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 _oembed_d18cca21db1caa33663cd71efe2702f4 {{unknown}} _oembed_c63096ae1e64a2ab4b6d851dccadbeec {{unknown}} _oembed_543197c260b343b3ef0a2f051ec515fd {{unknown}}
WHAT IS THE MATLAB??? http://biomedikal.in/what-is-the-matlab/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:42:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/what-is-the-matlab MATLAB is a numerical computing environment and programming language. Created by The MathWorks.
FUNCTIONS OF MATLAB
  • easy matrix manipulation,
  • plotting of functions and data implementation of algorithm
  • creation of user interfaces,
  • implementation of algorithms,
HISTORY OF MATLAB
Short for "matrix laboratory", MATLAB was invented in the late 1970s by Cleve Moler, then chairman of the computer science department at the University of New Mexico. He designed it to give his students access to LINPACK and EISPACK without having to learn Fortran. It soon spread to other universities and found a strong audience within the applied mathematics community.
Jack Little, an engineer, was exposed to it during a visit Moler made to Stanford University in 1983. Recognizing its commercial potential, he joined with Moler and Steve Bangert. They rewrote MATLAB in C and founded The MathWorks in 1984 to continue its development. These rewritten libraries were known as JACKPAC. MATLAB was first adopted by control design engineers, Little's specialty, but quickly spread to many other domains. It is now also used in education, in particular the teaching of linear algebra and numerical analysis, and is popular amongst scientists involved with image processing. SYNTAX IN MATLAB MATLAB is built around the MATLAB language, sometimes called M-code or simply M. The simplest way to execute M-code is to type it in at the prompt, >> , in the Command Window, one of the elements of the MATLAB Desktop. IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MATLAB YOU CAN GO TO MATHWORKS.COM I WOULD ALSO PROVIDE YOU WITH MORE LINKS OF FREE MATLAB DOWNLOAD
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9 2009-11-30 19:42:00 2009-11-30 19:42:00 open open what-is-the-matlab publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 8280999751946357673 _edit_lock 1262115689 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
WHAT ARE THE LIMITS OF MATLAB? http://biomedikal.in/what-are-the-limits-of-matlab/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:47:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/what-are-the-limits-of-matlab LIMITATIONS OF MATLAB 1.)MATLAB is a proprietary product of The MathWorks, so users are subject to vendor lock-in. Some other source languages, however, are partially compatible and provide a migration path. 2.)The language has a mixed heritage with a sometimes erratic syntax. For example, MATLAB uses parentheses, e.g. y = f(x), for both indexing into an array and calling a function. Although this ambiguous syntax can facilitate a switch between a procedure and a lookup table, both of which correspond to mathematical functions, a careful reading of the code may be required to establish the intent. 3.)MATLAB has no namespace resolution system like the system found in more modern languages such as Java and Python, where classes are located inside packages which can be unambiguously resolved and provide order, e.g. Java's System.out.println() makes it clear to user precisely which function is being called. In MATLAB, all functions share the global namespace, and precedence of functions with the same name is determined by the order in which they appear in the user's MATLAB path environment variable (unless the function in question is the method of a class). Functions are usually not prefixed or otherwise organized logically. As such, two users may experience different results when executing what otherwise appears to be the same code. 4.)Many functions have a different behavior with matrix and vector arguments. Since vectors are matrices of one row or one column, this can give unexpected results. For instance, function sum(A) where A is a matrix gives a row vector containing the sum of each column of A, and sum(v) where v is a column or row vector gives the sum of its elements; hence the programmer must be careful if the matrix argument of sum can degenerate into a single-row array. While sum and many similar functions accept an optional argument to specify a direction, others, like plot, do not, and require additional checks. There are other cases where MATLAB's interpretation of code may not be consistently what the user intended (e.g. how spaces are handled inside brackets as separators where it makes sense but not where it doesn't, or backslash escape sequences which are interpreted by some functions like fprintf but not directly by the language parser because it wouldn't be convenient for Windows directories). What might be considered as a convenience for commands typed interactively where the user can check that MATLAB does what the user wants may be less supportive of the need to construct reusable code. 5.)Though other datatypes are available, the default is a matrix of doubles. This array type does not include a way to attach attributes such as engineering units or sampling rates. Although time and date markers were added in R14SP3 with the time series object, sample rate is still lacking. Such attributes can be managed by the user via structures or other methods. 6.)Array indexing is one-based which is the common convention for matrices in mathematics, but does not accommodate the indexing convention of sequences that have zero or negative indices. For instance, in MATLAB the DFT (or FFT) is defined with the DC component at index 1 instead of index 0, which is not consistent with the standard definition of the DFT. This one-based indexing convention is hard coded into MATLAB, making it difficult for a user to define their own zero-based or negative indexed arrays to concisely model an idea having non-positive indices. 7.)MATLAB doesn't support references, which makes it difficult to implement data structures that contain indirections, such as open hash tables, linked lists, trees, and various other common computer science data structures. In addition, the language consistently passes function arguments by value, so any values that change must be returned from the function and re-assigned by the caller.
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10 2009-11-30 19:47:00 2009-11-30 19:47:00 open open what-are-the-limits-of-matlab publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7205371826440042520 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115672 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
ECG OR EKG 12 LEAD PLACEMENT RULEZ http://biomedikal.in/ecg-or-ekg-12-lead-placement-rulez/ Mon, 30 Nov 2009 19:53:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/11/30/ecg-or-ekg-12-lead-placement-rulez
THESE LEAD CONFIGURATIONS ARE MOST COMMONOLY USED AND ARE THE BASIS OF ECG MEASUREMENT
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11 2009-11-30 19:53:00 2009-11-30 19:53:00 open open ecg-or-ekg-12-lead-placement-rulez publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 1694147691344668759 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261730530 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
ABOUT http://biomedikal.in/about-2/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 06:16:00 +0000 http://bingo13.wordpress.com/?page_id=1524 hi!!! all My name is kush tripathi, I am a final year student of biomedical engineering at C.I.T.M faridabad, haryana (INDIA) I am not a professional in making sites, I have made this one just because i had seen that we being  biomedical engineer always suffer the problem of resources and all of our time goes into searching the resources available I have suffered a lot during my academic years that at times i was mocked at being inquisitive about the biomedical engineering field I was mocked that even if you are talented you will not get any job in INDIA as it is the fate of an biomedical engineer according to them But i don’t want my upcoming generations to waste time in things which are not even worth wasting still we have to waste time as  they are important for our curriculum Sorry as you would be reading this page to know about me But i just wanted to say my heart out that biomedical engineering is worth that you can gamble your career into it because it is that tree which would give so many fruits that even you would not be able to handle those are my personel feelings i beleive in this branch may it not blossom rapidly but the day it will blossom people will be astonished to see what it is all about THIS SITE IS AN EFFORT TO PROTECT BIOMEDICAL IN INDIA It contains all the latest information about progress of biomedical around the world,lecture notes in detail of all biomedical engineering subjects,it also contains latest biomedical job oppurtunities in india up for grab,it contains interesting articles in the field of physiology also
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1525 2009-12-01 15:16:00 2009-12-01 06:16:00 open open about-2 publish 0 4 page 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1272353867 _wp_page_template default 2 makhija_himanshu@yahoo.co.in 59.177.145.226 2009-12-09 15:53:01 2009-12-09 15:53:01 1 0 0 3 hitvin3@gmail.com 122.163.8.207 2009-12-11 14:58:16 2009-12-11 14:58:16 1 0 0
BIOSIGNAL http://biomedikal.in/biosignal/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:13:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/biosignal Biosignal is a summarizing term for all kinds of signals that can be (continually) measured and monitored from biological beings. The term biosignal is often used to mean bio-electrical signal but in fact, biosignal refers to both electrical and non-electrical signals. Electrical biosignals ("bio-electrical" signals) are usually taken to be (changes in) electrical currents produced by the sum of electrical potential differences across a specialized tissue, organ or cell system like the nervous system. Thus, among the best-known bio-electrical signals are :
  • Electroencephalogram (EEG)
  • Magnetoencephalogram (MEG)
  • Galvanic skin response (GSR)
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Electromyogram (EMG)                                                                                                                      Electrical currents and changes in electrical resistances across tissues can also be measured from plants.Bio-signals may also refer to any non-electrical signal that is capable of being monitored from biological beings, such as mechanical signals (e.g. the mechanomyogram or MMG), acoustic signals (e.g. phonetic and non-phonetic utterances, breathing) and visual signals (e.g. movements).
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12 2009-12-01 12:13:00 2009-12-01 12:13:00 open open biosignal publish 0 0 post 0 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 798358683941312400 _edit_lock 1262115611 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
BIONICS http://biomedikal.in/bionics/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:15:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/bionics Bionics (also known as biomimetics, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is the application of methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.Some dictionaries, however, explain the word as being formed from "biology" + "electronics". The transfer of technology between lifeforms and synthetic constructs is desirable because evolutionary pressure typically forces natural systems to become highly optimized and efficient. A classical example is the development of dirt- and water-repellent paint (coating) from the observation that the surface of the lotus flower plant is practically unsticky for anything (the lotus effect). Examples of bionics in engineering include the hulls of boats imitating the thick skin of dolphins; sonar, radar, and medical ultrasound imaging imitating the echolocation of bats. In the field of computer science, the study of bionics has produced artificial neurons, artificial neural networks, and swarm intelligence. Evolutionary computation was also motivated by bionics ideas but it took the idea further by simulating evolution in silico and producing well-optimized solutions that had never appeared in nature. BIONICS METHODS Often, the study of bionics emphasizes implementing a function found in nature rather than just imitating biological structures. For example, in computer science, cybernetics tries to model the feedback and control mechanisms that are inherent in intelligent behavior, while artificial intelligence tries to model the intelligent function regardless of the particular way it can be achieved. The conscious copying of examples and mechanisms from natural organisms and ecologies is a form of applied case-based reasoning, treating nature itself as a database of solutions that already work. Proponents argue that the selective pressure placed on all natural life forms minimizes and removes failures. Although almost all engineering could be said to be a form of biomimicry, the modern origins of this field are usually attributed to Buckminster Fuller and its later codification as a house or field of study to Janine Benyus. Roughly, we can distinguish three biological levels in cool biology after which technology can be modeled: 1.)Mimicking natural methods of manufacture 2.)Imitating mechanisms found in nature (velcro) 3.)Studying organizational principles from social behaviour of organisms, such as the flocking behaviour of birds or the emergent behaviour of bees and ants. BIOMIMETICS EXAMPLES 1.)Velcro is the most famous example of biomimetics. In 1948, the Swiss engineer George de Mestral was cleaning his dog of burrs picked up on a walk when he realized how the hooks of the burrs clung to the fur. 2.)Leonardo da Vinci's flying machines and ships are early examples of drawing from nature in engineering. 3.)Julian Vincent drew from the study of pinecones when he developed in 2004 "smart" clothing that adapts to changing temperatures. "I wanted a nonliving system which would respond to changes in moisture by changing shape", he said. "There are several such systems in plants, but most are very small -- the pinecone is the largest and therefore the easiest to work on". Pinecones respond to warmer temperatures by opening their scales (to disperse their seeds). The smart fabric does the same thing, opening up when it is warm, and shutting tight when cold. 4.)"Morphing aircraft wings" that change shape according to the speed and duration of flight have been designed in 2004 by biomimetic scientists from Penn State University. The morphing wings were inspired by different bird species that have differently shaped wings according to the speed at which they fly. In order to change the shape and underlying structure of the aircraft wings, the researchers needed to make the overlying skin also be able to change, which their design does by covering the wings with fish-inspired scales that could slide over each other. In some respects this is a refinement of the swing-wing design. 5.)Nanostructures and physical mechanisms that produce the shining color of butterfly wings were reproduced in silico by Greg Parker, professor of Electronics and Computer Science at the University of Southampton and research student Luca Plattner in the field of photonics, which is electronics using photons as the information carrier instead of electrons. 6.)Some paints and roof tiles undergo a form of self-purification in which their surfaces are kept clean just as the lotus. 7.)Neuromorphic chips, silicon retinae or cochleae, has wiring that is modelled after real neural networks. S.a.: connectivity 8.)Synthetic or 'robotic' vegetation, which aids in conservation and restoration, are machines designed to mimic many of the functions of living vegetation.
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13 2009-12-01 12:15:00 2009-12-01 12:15:00 open open bionics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 3372003431145773378 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115582 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
SOME THING ABOUT EMBEDDED DESIGN http://biomedikal.in/some-thing-about-embedded-design/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:17:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/some-thing-about-embedded-design
The integrated circuit from an Intel 8742, a 8...
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An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions. It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including hardware and mechanical parts. In contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer, can do many different tasks depending on programming.Since the system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers can optimize it, reducing the size and cost of the product, or increasing the reliability and performance. Some embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from economies of scale.

EMBEDDED CONTROLLER CHIP

Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants. Complexity varies from low, with a single microcontroller chip, to very high with multiple units, peripherals and networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.

In general, "embedded system" is not an exactly defined term, as many systems have some element of programmability. For example, Handheld computers share some elements with embedded systems - such as the operating systems and microprocessors which power them - but are not truly embedded systems, because they allow different applications to be loaded and peripherals to be connected.

APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

1.) Audio like mp3 players and telephone switches for interactive voice response systems

EMBEDDED MP3 PLAYERS, EMBEDDED TELEPHONE SWITCHES, EMBEDDED INTERACTIVE VIOCE RESPONSE SYSTEMS

2.)Avionics, such as inertial guidance systems, flight control hardware/software and other integrated systems in aircraft and missiles

EMBEDDED AVIONICS, EMBEDDED FLIGHTS, EMBEDDED MISSILES

3.)Cellular telephones and telephone switches

EMBEDDED CELLULAR TELEPHONES, EMBEDDED TELEPHONE SWITCHES

4.)Electric or Electronic Motor controller for Brushless DC motors, Induction motors and DC Motors

EMBEDDED MOTOR CONTROLLER

5.)Engine controllers and antilock brake controllers for automobiles

BMW EMBEDDED CONTROL SYSTEM,BMW,EMBEDDED ENGINE CONTROLLERS, EMBEDDED ANTILOCK BRAKE CONTROLLERS

6.)Home automation products, such as thermostats, air conditioners, sprinklers, and security monitoring systems

EMBEDDED AUTOMATION, EMBEDDED THERMOSTATS, EMBEDDED AIR CONDITIONERS, EMBEDDED SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEMS

7.)Handheld calculators

EMBEDDED HANDHELD CALCULATORS

8.)Household appliances, including microwave ovens, washing machines, television sets, DVD players and recorders

EMBEDDED TELEVISION

9.)Medical equipment

EMBEDDED MEDICAL EQUIPMENT

10.)Personal digital assistant

PERSONAL DIGITAL ASSISTANT, PDA

11.)Videogame consoles

EMBEDDED VIDEO GAME CONSOLE

12.)Computer peripherals such as routers and printers

EMBEDDED BROADBAND ROUTER

13.)Industrial controllers for remote machine operation

EMBEDDED INDUSTRIAL CONTROLLERS

14.)Digital musical instruments (digital synthesizers and digital pianos).

EMBEDDED DIGITAL PIANOS,DIGITAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

15.)Security applications such as DVR and video server.

EMBEDDED SECURITY SYSTEM,DVR

CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

1) Embedded systems are designed to do some specific task, rather than be a general-purpose computer for multiple tasks. Some also have real-time performance constraints that must be met, for reason such as safety and usability; others may have low or no performance requirements, allowing the system hardware to be simplified to reduce costs.

2) Embedded systems are not always separate devices. Most often they are physically built-in to the devices they control.

3) The software written for embedded systems is often called firmware, and is stored in read-only memory or Flash memory chips rather than a disk drive. It often runs with limited computer hardware resources: small or no keyboard, screen, and little memory.

TYPES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS MEMORY

User interfaces

Embedded systems range from no user interface at all - dedicated only to one task - to full user interfaces similar to desktop operating systems in devices such as PDAs.

Simple systems

Simple embedded devices use buttons, LEDs, and small character- or digit-only displays, often with a simple menu system.

Complex Systems

A full graphical screen, with touch sensing or screen-edge buttons provides flexibility while minimising space used: the meaning of the buttons can change with the screen, and selection involves the natural behavior of pointing at what's desired.

Handheld systems often have a screen with a "joystick button" for a pointing device.

The rise of the World Wide Web has given embedded designers another quite different option: providing a web page interface over a network connection. This avoids the cost of a sophisticated display, yet provides complex input and display capabilities when needed, on another computer. This is successful for remote, permanently installed equipment. In particular, routers take advantage of this ability.

CPU platform

Embedded processors can be broken into two distinct categories: microprocessors (?P) and microcontrollers (?C). Microcontrollers have built-in peripherals on the chip, reducing size of the system.

There are many different CPU architectures used in embedded designs such as ARM, MIPS, Coldfire/68k, PowerPC, x86, PIC, 8051, Atmel AVR, Renesas H8, SH, V850, FR-V, M32R, Z80, Z8, etc. This in contrast to the desktop computer market, which is currently limited to just a few competing architectures.

MIPS ARCHITECTURE

PC/104 and PC/104+ are a typical base for small, low-volume embedded and ruggedized system design. These often use DOS, Linux, NetBSD, or an embedded real-time operating system such as MicroC/OS-II, QNX or VxWorks.

PC 104 DESIGN
(PC/104 SYSTEM DESIGN)

A common configuration for very-high-volume embedded systems is the system on a chip (SoC), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), for which the CPU core was purchased and added as part of the chip design. A related scheme is to use a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and program it with all the logic, including the CPU.

SOC DESIGN ARCHITECTURE
(SOC EMBEDDED DESIGN)

ASIC DESIGN FLOW
(ASIC DESIGN FLOW)

 FIELD PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAY, SYSTEM ON CHIP, APPLICATION SPECIFIC INTEGRATED CIRCUIT, SoC, ASIC, FPGA

Peripherals

Embedded Systems talk with the outside world via peripherals, such as:

1.)Serial Communication Interfaces (SCI): RS-232, RS-422, RS-485 etc

RS232 CABLE
(RS232 CABLE)

RS422 CABLE
(RS422 CABLE)

2.)Synchronous Serial Communication Interface: I2C, JTAG, SPI, SSC and ESSI

I2C INTERFACE
(I2C INTERFACE)

3.)Universal Serial Bus (USB)

USB, UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS

4.)Networks: Ethernet, Controller Area Network, LonWorks, etc

ETHERNET NETWORK

LON NETWORKS

5.)Timers: PLL(s), Capture/Compare and Time Processing Units

6.)Discrete IO: aka General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO)

GPIO

7.)Analog to Digital/Digital to Analog (ADC/DAC)

ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER

Tools

As for other software, embedded system designers use compilers, assemblers, and debuggers to develop embedded system software. However, they may also use some more specific tools:

1.)In circuit debuggers or emulators.
2.)Utilities to add a checksum or CRC to a program, so the embedded system can check if the program is valid.
3.)For systems using digital signal processing, developers may use a math workbench such as MATLAB, Simulink, MathCad, or Mathematica to simulate the mathematics. They might also use libraries for both the host and target which eliminates developing DSP routines as done in DSPnano RTOS and Unison Operating System.
4.)Custom compilers and linkers may be used to improve optimisation for the particular hardware.
5.)An embedded system may have its own special language or design tool, or add enhancements to an existing language.
6.)Another alternative is to add a Real-time operating system or Embedded operating system, which may have DSP capabilities like DSPnano RTOS.

Software tools can come from several sources:

1.)Software companies that specialize in the embedded market
2.)Ported from the GNU software development tools
3.)Sometimes, development tools for a personal computer can be used if the embedded processor is a close relative to a common PC processor

As the complexity of embedded systems grows, higher level tools and operating systems are migrating into machinery where it makes sense. For example, cellphones, personal digital assistants and other consumer computers often need significant software that is purchased or provided by a person other than the manufacturer of the electronics. In these systems, an open programming environment such as Linux, NetBSD, OSGi or Embedded Java is required so that the third-party software provider can sell to a large market.

Debugging

Embedded Debugging may be performed at different levels, depending on the facilities available. From simplest to most sophisticated they can be roughly grouped into the following areas:

1.)External debugging using logging or serial port output to trace operation using either a monitor in flash or using a debug server like the Remedy Debugger which even works for heterogeneous multicore systems.
2.)An in-circuit debugger (ICD), a hardware device that connects to the microprocessor via a JTAG or NEXUS interface. This allows the operation of the microprocessor to be controlled externally, but is typically restricted to specific debugging capabilities in the processor.
3.)An in-circuit emulator replaces the microprocessor with a simulated equivalent, providing full control over all aspects of the microprocessor.
4.)A complete emulator provides a simulation of all aspects of the hardware, allowing all of it to be controlled and modified, and allowing debugging on a normal PC.

Unless restricted to external debugging, the programmer can typically load and run software through the tools, view the code running in the processor, and start or stop its operation. The view of the code may be as assembly code or source-code.

Reliability

Embedded systems often reside in machines that are expected to run continuously for years without errors, and in some cases recover by themselves if an error occurs. Therefore the software is usually developed and tested more carefully than that for personal computers, and unreliable mechanical moving parts such as disk drives, switches or buttons are avoided.

Recovery from errors may be achieved with techniques such as a watchdog timer that resets the computer unless the software periodically notifies the watchdog.

Specific reliability issues may include:

1.)The system cannot safely be shut down for repair, or it is too inaccessible to repair. Solutions may involve subsystems with redundant spares that can be switched over to, or software "limp modes" that provide partial function. Examples include space systems, undersea cables, navigational beacons, bore-hole systems, and automobiles.
2.)The system must be kept running for safety reasons. "Limp modes" are less tolerable. Often backups are selected by an operator. Examples include aircraft navigation, reactor control systems, safety-critical chemical factory controls, train signals, engines on single-engine aircraft.
3.)The system will lose large amounts of money when shut down: Telephone switches, factory controls, bridge and elevator controls, funds transfer and market making, automated sales and service.

High vs Low Volume

For high volume systems such as portable music players or mobile phones, minimizing cost is usually the primary design consideration. Engineers typically select hardware that is just “good enough” to implement the necessary functions.

For low-volume or prototype embedded systems, general purpose computers may be adapted by limiting the programs or by replacing the operating system with a real-time operating system.

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS & SOFTWARES

Embedded software architectures

There are several different types of software architecture in common use.

Simple control loop

In this design, the software simply has a loop. The loop calls subroutines, each of which manages a part of the hardware or software.

Interrupt controlled system

Some embedded systems are predominantly interrupt controlled. This means that tasks performed by the system are triggered by different kinds of events. An interrupt could be generated for example by a timer in a predefined frequency, or by a serial port controller receiving a byte.

These kinds of systems are used if event handlers need low latency and the event handlers are short and simple.

Usually these kinds of systems run a simple task in a main loop also, but this task is not very sensitive to unexpected delays. The tasks performed in the interrupt handlers should be kept short to keep the interrupt latency to a minimum.

Sometimes longer tasks are added to a queue structure in the interrupt handler to be processed in the main loop later. This method brings the system close to a multitasking kernel with discrete processes.

Cooperative multitasking

A nonpreemptive multitasking system is very similar to the simple control loop scheme, except that the loop is hidden in an API. The programmer defines a series of tasks, and each task gets its own environment to "run" in. Then, when a task is idle, it calls an idle routine (usually called "pause", "wait", "yield", "nop" (Stands for no operation), etc.).

The advantages and disadvantages are very similar to the control loop, except that adding new software is easier, by simply writing a new task, or adding to the queue-interpreter.

Preemptive multitasking or multi-threading

In this type of system, a low-level piece of code switches between tasks or threads based on a timer. This is the level at which the system is generally considered to have an "operating system", and introduces all the complexities of managing multiple tasks or threads running seemingly at the same time.

Any piece of task or thread code can damage the data of another task or thread; they must be precisely separated. Access to shared data must be controlled by some synchronization strategy, such as message queues, semaphores or a non-blocking synchronization scheme.

Because of these complexities, it is common for organizations to buy a real-time operating system, allowing the application programmers to concentrate on device functionality rather than operating system services.

Microkernels and exokernels

A microkernel is a logical step up from a real-time OS. The usual arrangement is that the operating system kernel allocates memory and switches the CPU to different threads of execution. User mode processes implement major functions such as file systems, network interfaces, etc.

MICROKERNELS

In general, microkernels succeed when the task switching and intertask communication is fast, and fail when they are slow.

Exokernels communicate efficiently by normal subroutine calls. The hardware, and all the software in the system are available to, and extensible by application programmers.

Monolithic kernels

In this case, a relatively large kernel with sophisticated capabilities is adapted to suit an embedded environment. This gives programmers an environment similar to a desktop operating system like Linux or Microsoft Windows, and is therefore very productive for development; on the downside, it requires considerably more hardware resources, is often more expensive, and because of the complexity of these kernels can be less predictable and reliable.

MONOLITHIC KERNELS

Common examples of embedded monolithic kernels are Embedded Linux and Windows CE.

Despite the increased cost in hardware, this type of embedded system is increasing in popularity, especially on the more powerful embedded devices such as Wireless Routers and GPS Navigation Systems. Here are some of the reasons:

1.)Ports to common embedded chip sets are available.
2.)They permit re-use of publicly available code for Device Drivers, Web Servers, Firewalls, and other code.
3.)Development systems can start out with broad feature-sets, and then the distribution can be configured to exclude unneeded functionality, and save the expense of the memory that it would consume.
4.)Many engineers believe that running application code in user mode is more reliable, easier to debug and that therefore the development process is easier and the code more portable.
5.)Many embedded systems lack the tight real time requirements of a control system. A system such as Embedded Linux has fast enough response for many applications.
6.)Features requiring faster response than can be guaranteed can often be placed in hardware.
7.)Many RTOS systems have a per-unit cost. When used on a product that is or will become a commodity, that cost is significant.

Exotic custom operating systems

A small fraction of embedded systems require safe, timely, reliable or efficient behavior unobtainable with the one of the above architectures. In this case an organization builds a system to suit. In some cases, the system may be partitioned into a "mechanism controller" using special techniques, and a "display controller" with a conventional operating system. A communication system passes data between the two.

EMBEDDED OS COMPARISON

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BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-projects/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:19:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/biomedical-projects University of Wisconsin 2.) South Dakota State University 3.) Michigan Tech 4.) Monash University 5.) BiomedicalProjects.com 6.)BME INDIA
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15 2009-12-01 12:19:00 2009-12-01 12:19:00 open open biomedical-projects publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 9001295680061360601 _edit_lock 1262114374 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
JOBS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS http://biomedikal.in/jobs-for-biomedical-engineers/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:21:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/jobs-for-biomedical-engineers web sites available to those searching for a job in the exciting field of biomedical engineering. Minnesota has long been known to host numerous biomedical companies as is indicated by the University of Minnesota listing of more than 1200 biomedical engineering-related industries in Minnesota. Click here to see their MBBNet Industry database. If your biomedical engineering job interest includes working anywhere in the U.S., you should look at the web site of Biomedical Engineering Network (BMEnet) Perhaps your interest is in applying your engineering expertise to assist those who need rehabilitative engineering and assistive technology. This is also a very rewarding career path as your work directly benefits some of our society’s most grateful and needy people. If this sounds attractive, you might want to look for jobs at the web site of the Rehabilitative Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America. Their site includes a job bank and they provide the means for application submission.
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16 2009-12-01 12:21:00 2009-12-01 12:21:00 open open jobs-for-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 8546350018194598163 _edit_lock 1262114612 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
SIMULINK http://biomedikal.in/simulink/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:32:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/simulink Simulink, developed by The MathWorks, is a tool for modeling, simulating and analyzing multidomain dynamic systems. Its primary interface is a graphical block diagramming tool and a customizable set of block libraries. It offers tight integration with the rest of the MATLAB environment and both drive MATLAB or be scripted from it. USES OF SIMULINK Simulink is widely used in control theory and digital signal processing for multidomain simulation and design. A number of MathWorks and third-party hardware and software products are available for use with Simulink. SIMULINK & CODE GENERATION Coupled with Real-Time Workshop, another product from The MathWorks, Simulink can automatically generate C code for real-time implementation of systems. As the efficiency and flexibility of the code improves, this is becoming more widely adopted for production systems, in addition to being a popular tool for embedded system design work because of its flexibility and capacity for quick iteration. Real-Time Workshop Embedded Coder creates code efficient enough for use in embedded systems.Add-ons support specific embedded targets, including Infineon C166, Motorola 68HC12, Motorola MPC 555, TI C2000, and TI C6000. TI 6416 DSP SIMULINK (SIMULINK & TI6416 DSP) With Simulink HDL Coder, also from The MathWorks, Simulink and Stateflow can automatically generate synthesizable VHDL & Verilog . SIMULINK,MATLAB,STATEFLOW,REALTIME WORKSHOP EMBEDDER CODER, SIMULINK HDL CODER, MODELSIM,C CODE,HDL,MCU,DSP,FGPA,ASIC
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18 2009-12-01 12:32:00 2009-12-01 12:32:00 open open simulink publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 4451503763276691184 _edit_lock 1262114599 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
CONTROL SYSTEMS http://biomedikal.in/control-systems/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:35:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/control-systems A control system is a device or set of devices to manage, command, direct or regulate the behaviour of other devices or systems.CLOSED LOOP CONTROL SYSTEM There are two common classes of control systems, with many variations and combinations: i.) logic or sequential controls, and feedback or linear controls. FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM ii.) fuzzy logic, which attempts to combine some of the design simplicity of logic with the utility of linear control. Some devices or systems are inherently not controllable. The term "control system" may be applied to the essentially manual controls that allow an operator to, for example, close and open a hydraulic press, where the logic requires that it cannot be moved unless safety guards are in place. MANUAL CONTROL SYSTEM (EXAMPLE FOR MANUAL CONTROL SYSTEM) An automatic sequential control system may trigger a series of mechanical actuators in the correct sequence to perform a task. For example various electric and pneumatic transducers may fold and glue a cardboard box, fill it with product and then seal it in an automatic packaging machine. AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM (TC---> TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER) In the case of linear feedback systems, a control loop, including sensors, control algorithms and actuators, is arranged in such a fashion as to try to regulate a variable at a setpoint or reference value. An example of this may increase the fuel supply to a furnace when a measured temperature drops. PID controllers are common and effective in cases such as this . Control systems that include some sensing of the results they are trying to achieve are making use of feedback and so can, to some extent, adapt to varying circumstances. Open-loop control systems do not directly make use of feedback, but run only in pre-arranged ways. LINEAR FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM (LINEAR FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEM) LOGIC CONTROLS Pure logic controls were historically implemented by electricians with networks of relays, and designed with a notation called ladder logic. Nowadays, most such systems are constructed with programmable logic controllers. Logic controllers may respond to switches, light sensors, pressure switches etc and cause the machinery to perform some operation. Logic systems are used to sequence mechanical operations in many applications. Examples include elevators, washing machines and other systems with interrelated stop-go operations. PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS (PLC) Logic systems are quite easy to design, and can handle very complex operations. Some aspects of logic system design make use of Boolean logic. ON-OFF CONTROL For example, a thermostat is a simple negative-feedback control: when the temperature (the 'measured variable' or MV) goes below a set point (SP), the heater is switched on. Another example could be a pressure-switch on an air compressor: when the pressure (MV) drops below the threshold (SP), the pump is powered. Refrigerators and vacuum pumps contain similar mechanisms operating in reverse, but still providing negative feedback to correct errors. Simple on-off feedback control systems like these are cheap and effective. In some cases, like the simple compressor example, they may represent a good design choice. ON-OFF CONTROL SYSTEM (ON-OFF CONTROL SYSTEM) In most applications of on-off feedback control, some consideration needs to be given to other costs, such as wear and tear of control valves and maybe other start-up costs when power is reapplied each time the MV drops. Therefore, practical on-off control systems are designed to include hysteresis, usually in the form of a deadband, a region around the setpoint value in which no control action occurs. The width of deadband may be adjustable or programmable. LINEAR CONTROLS Linear controls use negative feedback to keep some desired process within an acceptable operating range. Proportional control When controlling the temperature of an industrial furnace, it is usually better to control the opening of the fuel valve in proportion to the current needs of the furnace. This helps avoid thermal shocks and applies heat more effectively. Proportional negative-feedback systems are based on the difference between the required (SP) and measured (MV) value of the controlled variable. This difference is called the error. Power is applied in direct proportion to the current measured error, in the correct sense so as to tend to reduce the error (and so avoid positive feedback). The amount of corrective action that is applied for a given error is set by the gain or sensitivity of the control system. PROPORTIONAL CONTROL SYSTEM At low gains, only a small corrective action is applied when errors are detected: the system may be safe and stable, but may be sluggish in response to changing conditions; errors will remain uncorrected for relatively long periods of time: it is over-damped. If the proportional gain is increased, such systems become more responsive and errors are dealt with more quickly. There is an optimal value for the gain setting when the overall system is said to be critically damped. Increases in loop gain beyond this point will lead to oscillations in the MV; such a system is under-damped. Under-damped furnace In the furnace example, suppose the temperature is increasing towards a set point at which, say, 50% of the available power will be required for steady-state. At low temperatures, 100% of available power is applied. When the MV is within, say 10° of the SP the heat input begins to be reduced by the proportional controller. (Note that this implies a 20° 'proportional band' (PB) from full to no power input, evenly spread around the setpoint value). At the setpoint the controller will be applying 50% power as required, but stray stored heat within the heater sub-system and in the walls of the furnace will keep the measured temperature rising beyond what is required. At 10° above SP, we reach the top of the proportional band (PB) and no power is applied, but the temperature may continue to rise even further before beginning to fall back. Eventually as the MV falls back into the PB, heat is applied again, but now the heater and the furnace walls are too cool and the temperature falls too low before its fall is arrested, so that the oscillations continue. Over-damped furnace The temperature oscillations that an under-damped furnace control system produces are unacceptable for many reasons, including the waste of fuel and time (each oscillation cycle may take many minutes), as well as the likelihood of seriously overheating both the furnace and its contents. Suppose that the gain of the control system is reduced drastically and it is restarted. As the temperature approaches, say 30° below SP (60° proportional band or PB now), the heat input begins to be reduced, the rate of heating of the furnace has time to slow and, as the heat is still further reduced, it eventually is brought up to set point, just as 50% power input is reached and the furnace is operating as required. There was some wasted time while the furnace crept to its final temperature using only 52% then 51% of available power, but at least no harm was done. By carefully increasing the gain (i.e. reducing the width of the PB) this over-damped and sluggish behaviour can be improved until the system is critically damped for this SP temperature. Doing this is known as 'tuning' the control system. A well-tuned proportional furnace temperature control system will usually be more effective than on-off control, but will still respond slower than the furnace could under skillful manual control. PID CONTROL Apart from sluggish performance to avoid oscillations, another problem with proportional-only control is that power application is always in direct proportion to the error. In the example above we assumed that the set temperature could be maintained with 50% power. What happens if the furnace is required in a different application where a higher set temperature will require 80% power to maintain it? If the gain was finally set to a 50° PB, then 80% power will not be applied unless the furnace is 15° below setpoint, so for this other application the operators will have to remember always to set the setpoint temperature 15° higher than actually needed. This 15° figure is not completely constant either: it will depend on the surrounding ambient temperature, as well as other factors that affect heat loss from or absorption within the furnace. To resolve these two problems, many feedback control schemes include mathematical extensions to improve performance. The most common extensions lead to proportional-integral-derivative control, or PID control. Derivative action The derivative part is concerned with the rate-of-change of the error with time: If the measured variable approaches the setpoint rapidly, then the actuator is backed off early to allow it to coast to the required level; conversely if the measured value begins to move rapidly away from the setpoint, extra effort is applied—in proportion to that rapidity—to try to maintain it. Derivative action makes a control system behave much more intelligently. On systems like the temperature of a furnace, or perhaps the motion-control of a heavy item like a gun or camera on a moving vehicle, the derivative action of a well-tuned PID controller can allow it to reach and maintain a setpoint better than most skilled human operators could. If derivative action is over-applied, it can lead to oscillations too. An example would be a temperature that increased rapidly towards SP, then halted early and seemed to 'shy away' from the setpoint before rising towards it again. Integral action The integral term magnifies the effect of long-term steady-state errors, applying ever-increasing effort until they reduce to zero. In the example of the furnace above working at various temperatures, if the heat being applied does not bring the furnace up to setpoint, for whatever reason, integral action increasingly moves the proportional band relative to the setpoint until the time-integral of the MV error is reduced to zero and the setpoint is achieved. Other techniques Another common technique is to filter the MV or error signal. Such a filter can reduce the response of the system to undesirable frequencies, to help eliminate instability or oscillations. Most feedback systems will oscillate at just one frequency. By filtering out that frequency, one can use very "stiff" feedback and the system can be very responsive without shaking itself apart. The most complex linear control systems developed to date are in oil refineries (model predictive control). The chemical reaction paths and control systems are normally designed together using specialized computer-aided-design software. Feedback systems can be combined in many ways. One example is cascade control in which one control loop applies control algorithms to a measured variable against a setpoint, but then actually outputs a setpoint to another controller, rather than affecting power input directly. (EXAMPLE FOR CASCADE CONTROL SYSTEM) Usually if a system has several measurements to be controlled, feedback systems will be present for each of them. FUZZY LOGIC Fuzzy logic is an attempt to get the easy design of logic controllers and yet control continuously-varying systems. Basically, a measurement in a fuzzy logic system can be partly true, that is if yes is 1 and no is 0, a fuzzy measurement can be between 0 and 1. The rules of the system are written in natural language and translated into fuzzy logic. For example, the design for a furnace would start with: "If the temperature is too high, reduce the fuel to the furnace. If the temperature is too low, increase the fuel to the furnace." Measurements from the real world (such as the temperature of a furnace) are converted to values between 0 and 1 by seeing where they fall on a triangle. Usually the tip of the triangle is the maximum possible value which translates to "1." Fuzzy logic then modifies Boolean logic to be arithmetical. Usually the "not" operation is "output = 1 - input," the "and" operation is "output = input.1 multiplied by input.2," and "or" is "output = 1 - ((1 - input.1) multiplied by (1 - input.2))." The last step is to "defuzzify" an output. Basically, the fuzzy calculations make a value between zero and one. That number is used to select a value on a line whose slope and height converts the fuzzy value to a real-world output number. The number then controls real machinery. If the triangles are defined correctly and rules are right the result can be a good control system. When a robust fuzzy design is reduced into a single, quick calculation, it begins to resemble a conventional feedback loop solution. For this reason, many control engineers think one should not bother with it. However, the fuzzy logic paradigm may provide scalability for large control systems where conventional methods become unwieldy or costly to derive. Fuzzy electronics is an electronic technology that uses fuzzy logic instead of the two-value logic more commonly used in digital electronics. PHYSICAL IMPLEMENTATION Since modern small microcontrollers are so cheap (often less than $1 US), it's very common to implement control systems, including feedback loops, with computers, often in an embedded system. The feedback controls are simulated by having the computer make periodic measurements and then calculating from this stream of measurements. Computers emulate logic devices by making measurements of switch inputs, calculating a logic function from these measurements and then sending the results out to electronically-controlled switches. Logic systems and feedback controllers are usually implemented with programmable logic controllers which are devices available from electrical supply houses. They include a little computer and a simplified system for programming. Most often they are programmed with personal computers. Logic controllers have also been constructed from relays, hydraulic and pneumatic devices, and electronics using both transistors and vacuum tubes.
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19 2009-12-01 12:35:00 2009-12-01 12:35:00 open open control-systems publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7512114060058327105 _edit_lock 1262114571 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) http://biomedikal.in/microelectromechanical-systems/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:38:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/microelectromechanical-systems Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) is the technology of the very small, and merges at the nano-scale into "Nanoelectromechanical" Systems (NEMS) and Nanotechnology. MEMS are also referred to as micro machines, or Micro Systems Technology (MST). MEMS are separate and distinct from the hypothetical vision of Molecular nanotechnology or Molecular Electronics. MEMS DEVICES (MEMS DEVICE) MEMS generally range in size from a micrometer (a millionth of a meter) to a millimeter (thousandth of a meter). At these size scales, the standard constructs of classical physics do not always hold true. Due to MEMS' large surface area to volume ratio, surface effects such as electrostatics and wetting dominate volume effects such as inertia or thermal mass. Finite element analysis is an important part of MEMS design. MEMS SIZES The potential of very small machines was appreciated long before the technology existed that could make them—see, for example, Feynmann's famous 1959 lecture There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom. MEMS became practical once they could be fabricated using modified semiconductor fabrication technologies, normally used to make electronics. These include molding and plating, wet etching (KOH, TMAH) and dry etching (RIE and DRIE), electro discharge machining (EDM), and other technologies capable of manufacturing very small devices. MEMS TECHNOLOGY Companies with strong MEMS programs come in many sizes. The larger firms specialize in manufacturing high volume inexpensive components or packaged solutions for end markets such as automobiles, biomedical, and electronics. The successful small firms provide value in innovative solutions and absorb the expense of custom fabrication with high sales margins. In addition, both large and small companies work in R&D to explore MEMS technology. MEMS SOFTWARES (MEMS SOFTWARES) MEMS MATERIALS MEMS technology can be implemented using a number of different materials and manufacturing techniques; the choice of which will depend on the device being created and the market sector in which it has to operate. MEMS MATERIALS Silicon Silicon is the material used to create most integrated circuits used in consumer electronics in the modern world. The economies of scale, ready availability of cheap high-quality materials and ability to incorporate electronic functionality make silicon attractive for a wide variety of MEMS applications. SILCION MEMS Silicon also has significant advantages engendered through its material properties. In single crystal form, silicon is an almost perfect Hookean material, meaning that when it is flexed there is virtually no hysteresis and hence almost no energy dissipation. As well as making for highly repeatable motion, this also makes silicon very reliable as it suffers very little fatigue and can have service lifetimes in the range of billions to trillions of cycles without breaking. The basic techniques for producing all silicon based MEMS devices are deposition of material layers, patterning of these layers by lithography and then etching to produce the required shapes. Polymers Even though the electronics industry provides an economy of scale for the silicon industry, crystalline silicon is still a complex and relatively expensive material to produce. Polymers on the other hand can be produced in huge volumes, with a great variety of material characteristics. MEMS devices can be made from polymers by processes such as injection moulding, embossing or stereolithography and are especially well suited to microfluidic applications such as disposable blood testing cartridges. POLYMER MEMS DEVICES, MATERIALS Metals Metals can also be used to create MEMS elements. While metals do not have some of the advantages displayed by silicon in terms of mechanical properties, when used within their limitations, metals can exhibit very high degrees of reliability. Metals can be deposited by electroplating, evaporation, and sputtering processes. Commonly used metals include Gold, Nickel, Aluminum, Chromium, Titanium, Tungsten, Platinum and Silver. MEMS PROCESS Deposition processes One of the basic building blocks in MEMS processing is the ability to deposit thin films of material. In this text we assume a thin film to have a thickness anywhere between a few nanometers to about 100 micrometers. Commonly used deposition processes are: Electroplating, Sputter deposition, Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD). The Chemical Vapor Deposition Process is a very intricate process which takes place in several steps. Photolithography Lithography in MEMS context is typically the transfer of a pattern to a photosensitive material by selective exposure to a radiation source such as light. A photosensitive material is a material that experiences a change in its physical properties when exposed to a radiation source. If we selectively expose a photosensitive material to radiation (e.g. by masking some of the radiation) the pattern of the radiation on the material is transferred to the material exposed, as the properties of the exposed and unexposed regions differs. This exposed region can then be removed or treated providing a mask for the underlying substrate. Photolithography is typically used with metal or other thin film deposition, wet and dry etching. Etching processes There are two basic categories of etching processes: wet and dry etching. In the former, the material is dissolved when immersed in a chemical solution. In the latter, the material is sputtered or dissolved using reactive ions or a vapor phase etchant. Wet etching Wet chemical etching consists in a selective removal of material by dipping a substrate into a solution that can dissolve it. Due to the chemical nature of this etching process, a good selectivity can often be obtained, which means that the etching rate of the target material is considerably higher than that of the mask material if selected carefully. Some single crystal materials, such as silicon, will have different etching rates depending on the crystallographic orientation of the substrate. One of the most common examples is the etching of silicon in KOH (potassium hydroxide), where Si <111> planes etch approximately 100 times slower than other planes (crystallographic orientations). Therefore, etching a rectangular hole in a (100)-Si wafer will result in a pyramid shaped etch pit with 54.7° walls, instead of a hole with curved sidewalls as it would be the case for isotropic etching, where etching progresses at the same speed in all directions. Long and narrow holes in a mask will produce v-shaped grooves in the silicon. The surface of these grooves can be atomically smooth if the etch is carried out correctly, with dimensions and angles being extremely accurate. Electrochemical etching (ECE) for dopant-selective removal of silicon is a common method to automate and to selective control etching. An active p-n diode junction is required, and either type of dopant can be the etch-resistant ("etch-stop") material. Boron is the most common etch-stop dopant. In combination with wet anisotropic etching as described above, ECE has be used successfully for controlling silicon diaphragm thickness in commercial piezoresistive silicon pressure sensors. Selectively doped regions can be created either by implantation, diffusion, or epitaxial deposition of silicon. Reactive ion etching (RIE) In reactive ion etching (RIE), the substrate is placed inside a reactor in which several gases are introduced. A plasma is struck in the gas mixture using an RF power source, breaking the gas molecules into ions. The ions are accelerated towards, and reacts at, the surface of the material being etched, forming another gaseous material. This is known as the chemical part of reactive ion etching. There is also a physical part which is similar in nature to the sputtering deposition process. If the ions have high enough energy, they can knock atoms out of the material to be etched without a chemical reaction. It is a very complex task to develop dry etch processes that balance chemical and physical etching, since there are many parameters to adjust. By changing the balance it is possible to influence the anisotropy of the etching, since the chemical part is isotropic and the physical part highly anisotropic the combination can form sidewalls that have shapes from rounded to vertical. Deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) A special subclass of RIE which continues to grow rapidly in popularity is deep RIE (DRIE). In this process, etch depths of hundreds of micrometres can be achieved with almost vertical sidewalls. The primary technology is based on the so-called "Bosch process", named after the German company Robert Bosch which filed the original patent, where two different gas compositions are alternated in the reactor. The first gas composition creates a polymer on the surface of the substrate, and the second gas composition etches the substrate. The polymer is immediately sputtered away by the physical part of the etching, but only on the horizontal surfaces and not the sidewalls. Since the polymer only dissolves very slowly in the chemical part of the etching, it builds up on the sidewalls and protects them from etching. As a result, etching aspect ratios of 50 to 1 can be achieved. The process can easily be used to etch completely through a silicon substrate, and etch rates are 3-4 times higher than wet etching. Xenon difluoride etching Xenon difluoride (XeF2) is a dry vapor phase isotropic etch for silicon originally applied for MEMS in 1995 at University of California, Los Angeles. Primarily used for releasing metal and dielectric structures by undercutting silicon, XeF2 has the advantage of a stiction-free release unlike wet etchants. Its etch selectivity to silicon is very high, allowing it to work with photoresist, SiO2, silicon nitride, and various metals for masking. Its reaction to silicon is "plasmaless", is purely chemical and spontaneous and is often operated in pulsed mode. Models of the etching action are available, and university laboratories and various commercial tools offer solutions using this approach. Silicon MEMS paradigms Bulk micromachining Bulk micromachining is the oldest paradigm of silicon based MEMS. The whole thickness of a silicon wafer is used for building the micro-mechanical structures. Silicon is machined using various etching processes. Anodic bonding of glass plates or additional silicon wafers is used for adding features in the third dimension and for hermetic encapsulation. Bulk micromachining has been essential in enabling high performance pressure sensors and accelerometers that have changed the shape of the sensor industry in the 80's and 90's. Surface micromachining Surface micromachining uses layers deposited on the surface of a substrate as the structural materials, rather than using the substrate itself. Surface micromachining was created in the late 80's to render micromachining of silicon more compatible with planar integrated circuit technology, with the goal of combining MEMS and integrated circuits on the same silicon wafer. The original surface micromachining concept was based on thin polycrystalline silicon layers patterned as movable mechanical structures and released by sacrificial etching of the underlaying oxide layer. Interdigital comb electrodes were used to produce in-plane forces and to detect in-plane movement capacitively. This MEMS paradigm has enabled the manufacturing of low cost accelerometers for e.g. automotive air-bag systems and other applications where low performance and/ or high g-ranges are sufficient. Analog Devices have pioneered the industrialization of surface micromachining and have realized the co-integration of MEMS and integrated circuits. High aspect ratio (HAR) micromachining Both bulk and surface micromachining are still used in industrial production of sensors, ink-jet nozzles and other devices. But in many cases the distinction between these two has diminished. New etching technology, deep reactive ion etching has made it possible to combine good performance typical to bulk micromachining with comb structures and in-plane operation typical to surface micromachining. While it is common in surface micromachining to have structural layer thickness in the range of 2 µm, in HAR micromachining the thickness is from 10 to 100 µm. The materials commonly used in HAR micromachining are thick polycrystalline silicon, known as epi-poly, and bonded silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers although processes for bulk silicon wafer also have been created (SCREAM). Bonding a second wafer by glass frit bonding, anodic bonding or alloy bonding is used to protect the MEMS structures. Integrated circuits are typically not combined with HAR micromachining. The consensus of the industry at the moment seems to be that the flexibility and reduced process complexity obtained by having the two functions separated far outweighs the small penalty in packaging. MEMS DEVELOPMENT CYCLE (MEMS DEVELOPMENT CYCLE) Applications Common applications include: 1.)Inkjet printers, which use piezoelectrics or thermal bubble ejection to deposit ink on paper. 2.)Accelerometers in modern cars for a large number of purposes including airbag deployment in collisions. 3.)MEMS gyroscopes used in modern cars and other applications to detect yaw; e.g. to deploy a roll over bar or trigger dynamic stability control. 4.)Silicon pressure sensors e.g. car tire pressure sensors, and disposable blood pressure sensors. 5.)Displays e.g the DMD chip in a projector based on DLP technology has on its surface several hundred thousand micromirrors. 6.)Optical switching technology which is used for switching technology and alignment for data communications. 7.)Bio-MEMS applications in medical and health related technologies from Lab-On-Chip to MicroTotalAnalysis. SILICON MEMS IN OPTICAL NETWORKING MEMS GYROSCOPES MEMS Research and Developments Researchers in MEMS use various Engineering S/W tools to take a design from concept to simulation, prototyping and testing Some common tools are ANSYS and COMSOL for simulation of dynamics, heat, electrical and other domains. Then they use some s/w like MEMS-PRO to carry out the design layout that is deliverable to a fabrication firm. Once a prototype is on-hand they test the specimens using various instruments and techniques; the most powerful being Laser Doppler Scanning Vibrometer from Polytec, microscopes, stroboscopes, topographic analysis and others.
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20 2009-12-01 12:38:00 2009-12-01 12:38:00 open open microelectromechanical-systems publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 4910354826107498604 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114557 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
HEARING AID http://biomedikal.in/hearing-aid/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:48:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/hearing-aid EAR HEARING AID PARTSA hearing aid is a device used to help hard-of-hearing people hear sounds better. In the past, a funnel-like amplification cone, called an "ear trumpet" or "ear horn" was used. Also sometimes used was a desk with a built-in amplifier into which a microphone and earphones could be plugged; these worked better than passive ear trumpets but were not portable. HEARING AID WORKING Now, however, the most common style is a small electronic device that fits into the wearer's ear. The first variety of this device had a rectangular battery pack connected by a thin wire, intended to be held in a pocket. Such "body aids," though much more portable than the desk type, still suffered significant disadvantages due to sub-optimal microphone placement. Since the microphone was not near the user's head, it was susceptible to interfering sounds such as clothing-noise. Sound input was also distorted if the microphone was located below the mouth of a person with whom the user was conversing. HEARING AID PLACEMENT During the mid- to late 20th century, hearing aids that were carried in pockets were replaced by a more inconspicuous sort of model in which small zinc-air batteries were placed in the inserted unit itself. Cutting-edge technology allows for hearing aids so small and stylish they can be mistaken for wireless headsets. HEARING AID INTERNAL PARTS (a) Over-the-ear aid with case open to show internal components. (b) In-the-ear aid. (c) In-the-canal aid. (Belltone Electronics Corp.) Pictures of hearing aids TYPES OF HEARING AIDS HEARING AID STYLES Types of hearing aids Body worn aids This was the first type of hearing aid, and thanks to developments in technology they are now rarely used. These aids consist of a case containing the components of amplification and an ear mold connected to the case by a cord. The case is about the size of a pack of playing cards and is worn in the pocket or on a belt. Because of their large size, body worn aids are capable of large amounts of amplification and were once used for profound hearing losses. Today, body aids have largely been replaced by Behind-The-Ear (BTEs) instruments. BODY WORN HEARING AIDS PARTS BODY WORN HEARING AIDS Behind the ear aids (BTE) BEHIND EAR HEARING AID BTE aids have a small plastic case that fits behind the ear and conducts sound to the ear canal, usually through an earmold that is custom made. BTEs can be used for mild to profound hearing losses and are especially useful for children because of their durability and ability to connect to assistive listening devices such as classroom FM systems. Their colors range from very inconspicuous skin tones for adults to bright colors and optional decorations for children. BEHIND THE EAR HEARING AID HEARING AID BEHIND EAR Recent innovations in BTEs include miniature "invisible" BTEs with thin hair-like sound tubes (see open-fit devices below). These are often less visible than In-The-Ear (ITEs) and some keep the ear canal more open so listeners may still utilise their residual natural hearing (most helpful for those with normal hearing in the lower frequencies). Ideal for high frequency losses, these miniature versions are generally used for mild to moderate hearing loss. COMPARIOSN OF HEARING AID TYPES In the ear aids (ITE) IN THE EAR HEARING AID  IN THE EAR HEARING AID These devices fit in the outer ear bowl (called the concha);they are sometimes visible when standing face to face with someone. EAR ANATOMY (EAR ANATOMY) ITE hearing aids are custom made to fit each individual's ear. They can be used in mild to some severe hearing losses. Feedback, a squealing/whistling caused by sound leaking out of the aid and being amplified again, may be a problem for severe hearing losses. Some modern circuits are able to provide feedback regulation or cancellation to assist with this. HEARING AID INSIDE EAR Traditionally, ITEs have not been recommended for young children because their fit could not be as easily modified as the earmold for a BTE, and thus the aid had to be replaced frequently as the child grew. However, there are new ITEs made from a silicone type material that mitigates the need for costly replacements. Receiver in the ear aids (RITE) At a first glance, these devices are similar to the BTE aid. There is however one crucial difference: The receiver of the hearing aid is placed inside the ear canal of the user and thin electrical wires replaces the acoustic tube of the BTE aid. There are some advantages with this approach: First, the hearing aid receiver is placed further from the hearing aid microphone. This reduces the risk of acoustic feedback (commonly denoted "howl".) Second, the tube connecting the hearing aid and the ear-plug (also commonly referred to as "dome" or ear-mould) can be made extremely thin. This makes it possible to design an even smaller hearing aid that is even more inconspicuous. In the canal (ITC), mini canal (MIC) and completely in the canal aids (CIC) COMPARISON OF CANAL HEARING AIDS HEARING AIDS COMPARISON ITC aids are smaller, filling only the bottom half of the external ear. You usually cannot see very much of this hearing aid when you are face to face with someone. IN THE CANAL HEARING AIDS MIC and CIC aids are even smaller and often not visible unless you look directly into the wearer's ear. These aids can be used for mild to moderately-severe losses. MINI CANAL HEARING AIDS (MINI CANAL HEARING AID) CICs are usually not recommended if you have good low frequency hearing as the "plugged up effect" may make your voice resonate (the "occlusion effect"). COMPLETELY IN CANAL(CIC) HEARING AID Open-fit devices OPEN FIT HEARING AID Recently a new device has come on the market, the "Open-fit" or "Over-the-Ear" OTE Hearing Aid. Usually quite discrete, these are small Behind-the-ear type devices, with a much finer clear tube that runs down into the ear canal. Inside the ear canal, there is a small soft silicone dome or a molded, highly vented acrylic tip that holds the tube in place. OVET THE EAR HEARING AID INSIDE EAR These devices are designed to reduce the "occlusion effect", which is the amplification of your own voice when your ears are plugged up (try sticking your fingers in your ears and talking). Conversely they increase the possibility of feedback, and as such are limited to moderate high frequency losses. Open-fit devices are very beneficial for High-Frequency hearing losses, and have been introduced by all major hearing aid companies. Bone Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHA) The BAHA is a auditory prosthetic which can be surgically implanted. The BAHA uses the skull as a pathway for sound to travel to the inner ear. BONE ANCHORED HEARING AIDS (BAHA) BAHA HEARING AIDS For people with conductive losses, the BAHA, bypasses the external auditory canal and middle ear, stimulating the functioning cochlea. For people with unilateral hearing loss, the BAHA uses the skull to conduct the sound from the deaf side to the side with the functioning cochlea. Bone Anchored Hearing Aids (BAHA) Individuals under the age of 5 typically wear the BAHA device on a headband. Over age 5, a titanium "post" can be surgically embedded into the skull with a small abutment exposed outside the skin. The BAHA sound processor sits on this abutment and transmits sound vibrations to the external abutment of the titanium implant. The implant vibrates the skull and inner ear, which stimulate the nerve fibers of the inner ear, allowing hearing. BAHA HEARING AID (BAHA HEARING AID) Eyeglass aids During the late 1950s through 1970s, before in-the-ear aids became common (and in an era when thick-rimmed eyeglasses were popular), people who wore both spectacles and hearing aids frequently chose a type of hearing aid that was built into the temple pieces of the spectacles. However, the combination of glasses and hearing aids was inflexible: the range of frame styles was limited, and the user had to wear both hearing aids and glasses at once or wear neither. Today, most people who use both glasses and hearing aids simply use in-the-ear types. There still are some specialized situations where hearing aids built into the frame of eyeglasses can be useful, such as when a person has hearing loss mainly in one ear: sound from a microphone on the "bad" side can be sent through the frame to the side with better hearing. This can also be achieved by using CROS or bi-CROS style hearing aids, which are now wireless in sending sound from the "bad" or "worse" side to the better side. These types of hearing aids are much more frequently used than any eyeglass style. EYEGLASS HEARING AIDS Recently, a new type of eyeglass aid has been introduced by the Dutch company Varibel. These 'hearing glasses' feature directional sensitivity: four microphones on each side of the frame effectively work as two directional microphones, which are able to discern between sound coming from the front and sound coming from the sides or back of the user. This allows for amplification of the sound coming from the front, the direction in which the user is looking, and suppression of sound coming from the sides or back. Only very recently has the technology required become small enough, in size, to be put in the frame of the glasses. As a recent addition to the market, the geographical market for this particular hearing aid is currently limited to a few European countries. Hearing aid technology Wireless Recent hearing aids include wireless hearing aids. One hearing aid can transmit to the other side so that pressing one aid's program button simultaneously changes the other aid and both aids change background settings simultaneously. FM listening systems are now emerging with wireless receivers integrated with the use of hearing aids. A separate wireless microphone can be given to a partner to wear in a restaurant, in the car or in another room. The voice is transmitted wirelessly to the hearing aids reducing the effects of distance and background noise. WIRELESS HEARING AIDS Many theatres and lecture halls are now equipped with assistive listening systems that transmit the sound directly from the stage; audience members can borrow suitable receivers and hear the program without background noise. WIRELESS HEARING AID TECHNOLOGY Directional microphones Directional microphones are currently the best way to improve the signal to noise ratio, and thus, improve speech clarity in noise for the wearer. Many hearing aids now have directional microphones, which can be a major improvement in crowded places such as restaurants and open-plan offices, because the directional microphone allows the user to focus on whoever is directly in front with reduced interference from conversations behind and to the sides. It is common for such a hearing aid to have both a directional microphone and an omnidirectional microphone and a switch that lets the user choose between hearing in all directions versus hearing only in the direction his or her head is facing. Some more-advanced models can electronically subtract signals so the user hears the directional signal minus the omnidirectional signal for improved background noise rejection. Adaptive directional microphones are a further sophistication of the concept. The hearing aid processor is able to distinguish noise as opposed to speech and automatically reduce the particular noise source from a certain angle. The limitations are at the identification level, where a noise that behaves similarly to a speech signal is difficult to identify, thus reducing efficacy. In severe background noise, the directional microphone is less efficient, however benefits may still exist. The recently introduced eyeglass aid by the Dutch company Varibel uses four microphones on each side of the frame of a pair of glasses that, together, work as two directional microphones. Technology inside the frame is able to discern between sounds coming from the front and sounds coming from the sides or back, amplifying the sound which is coming from the direction in which the user looks, suppressing other sounds. It should be noted that these hearing aid glasses are not used by most hearing professionals due to their vulnerability to damage and the difficulty that occurs when repairs have to be made. It is very hard to find local manufacturers that still have the tools/pieces needed for any repairs. Telecoil Telecoils (T-coils) allow different sound sources to be directly connected to the hearing aid, improving sound quality and allowing the hearing aid wearer to easily perceive the intended signal regardless of background noise. They can be used with telephones, FM systems, induction loop systems and public address systems. Such hearing loop systems are widely used in public places such as churches, shops and railway stations in the UK and some Scandinavian countries. TELECIL HEARING AID T-coils are comprised of a metal core (or rod) around which ultra-fine wire is coiled. T-coils are also called induction coils because when the coil is placed in an electromagnetic (EM) field, an alternating electrical current is induced in the wire (Ross, 2002b; Ross, 2004). The T-coil detects EM energy and transduces (or converts) it to electrical energy. T-coils can also be used to pick up magnetic signals, just as a microphone picks up an acoustic signal; the T-coil then sends the signal to the hearing aid circuit or processor for amplification. A problem with T-coils is that they pickup lot of buzz too. In many places there are many sources of electromagnetic fields, such as computers, electric cables, cellphones etc. DAI Direct Audio Input (DAI) allows the hearing aid to be connected to an external audio source like a CD player or an assistive listening device (ALD).This is preferred by many users, as opposed to using a T-coil with a standard set of headphones, as there is less interference (usually heard as a buzzing noise). DIA EAR PLUG Processing The inside mechanisms of hearing aids vary among devices, even if they are the same style. Three types of circuitry, or electronics, are used: Analog/Adjustable: The hearing professional (Audiometrist, Hearing Instrument Specialist, Hearing Aid Dispenser, or Audiologist) determines the volume and other specifications required for the patient's hearing aid, and then a laboratory builds the aid to meet those specifications. The hearing professional retains some flexibility to make adjustments. This type of circuitry is generally the least expensive and also the least effective. Many manufacturers have actually discontinued their analog devices. Analog/Programmable: ANALOG HEARING AID PROCESSING The hearing professional uses a computer to program the hearing aid. The circuitry of analog/programmable hearing aids will accommodate more than one program or setting. If the aid is equipped with a remote control device, the wearer can change the program to accommodate a given listening environment. Analog/programmable circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids. Digital/Programmable: DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING OF HEARING AID The hearing professional programs the hearing aid with a computer and can adjust the sound quality and response time on an individual basis. Digital hearing aids use a microphone, receiver, battery, and computer chip. Digital circuitry provides the most flexibility for the hearing professional to make adjustments for the hearing aid. DSP HEARING AID Digital circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids and is typically the most expensive. However, digital hearing aids can be specially programmed with multiple programs for quiet situations, background noise reduction, music listening, and directionality. Many also have more powerful feedback-reduction and/or cancellation technology. Among digital hearing instruments, some companies are providing hardwired configurable platform, while others are providing software programable platform based on the utilization of a programable low power DSP. Adjustment to Hearing Aids For the majority of users, hearing aids will not completely restore or fix hearing loss; they are an aid to make sounds accessible to those who have hearing loss. Two problems occur with hearing loss that cannot be assisted by hearing aids: AUDITROY CORTEX i.)When the auditory cortex of the brain does not receive input/stimulation (i.e. what happens in hearing loss), this part of the brain may start to lose cells, and the ability to process sound. This is most common with more severe hearing losses, and cannot be reversed with hearing aids. Although this cell loss is worse in severe hearing loss, it is seen in all amounts of hearing loss and is caused by sensory deprivation. HAIR CELLS IN INNER EAR ii.)Damage to the hair cells of the inner ear result in sensorineural hearing loss. When these hair cells are damaged, a person loses some ability to discriminate between sounds. This will likely cause decreased ability to understand speech. In this case, amplifying speech (as a hearing aid does) does not always improve speech understanding. Multiple follow-up visits are common, particularly for new hearing aid users. The most common complaint about hearing aids, especially when someone starts wearing them for the first time, is that the sound of their own voice is too loud or that it sounds like they are talking into a barrel. Most hearing aid users will adjust to the sound of their own voices within several months if the aids are worn regularly. If the problem persists, ask your dispenser or audiologist if any adjustments can be made to the hearing aid.
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22 2009-12-01 12:48:00 2009-12-01 12:48:00 open open hearing-aid publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7503587135642153438 _edit_lock 1262115475 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
PHOTOTHERAPY http://biomedikal.in/phototherapy/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 12:53:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/phototherapy The phototherapy light shines light onto the baby’s skin. The light must be the correct wavelength (colour) and the correct intensity (brightness). It is used for treating a condition called Jaundice or Hyperbilirubinemia. Jaundice or Hyperbilirubinemia JAUNDICE, HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA When red blood cells die and are broken down, a chemical called “bilirubin” is produced. Normally the bilirubin is processed by the liver and excreted from the body by the kidneys in the urine. The baby’s liver sometimes cannot process the bilirubin quickly enough and it begins to build up in the blood. Bilirubin is deposited in the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes (for example the inside of the mouth). When this occurs, the baby appears yellow and is said to be “Jaundiced”. Usually Jaundice disappears in 1-2 weeks and does not require special treatment. Some bilirubin in the blood is normal but when the concentration rises too high it is dangerous hyperbilirubinemia. An excessive level of bilirubin can lead to serious neurological damage such as brain damage and hearing loss. WORKING OF PHOTOTHERAPY BLUE PHOTOTHERAPY During phototherapy the baby’s skin is exposed to blue light (420 – 500nm). The bilirubin deposited in the skin is “photoisomerised” (changed shape by the light) and becomes water soluble. This is a similar change that occurs normally in the liver. The photoisomerised bilirubin then dissolves back into the blood where it is excreted from the body in urine. The untreated bilirubin in the blood then deposits in the skin and the process continues until all or most of the bilirubin is removed. This happens over a long period of time, usually several days The effectiveness of the phototherapy depends on: - the intensity of the therapeutic light - the wavelength (colour) of the light - the surface area of skin exposed BLUE LIGHT PHOTOTHERAPY (BLUE LIGHT PHOTOTHERAPY) BABY EYES PROTECTION IN PHOTOTHERAPY (PROTECTION OF BABY EYES IN PHOTOTHERAPY TREATMENT) Some phototherapy lights use white light instead of pure blue. White light contains all the colours but it is only the blue wavelengths that treat the Jaundice. WHITE LIGHT PHOTOTHERAPY (WHITE LIGHT PHOTOTHERAPY) UNIT : mW/cm2 RANGE OF VALUES Wavelength = 420-500 nm (with the most important wavelength of 470 nm) Intensity = 8 uW/cm2/nm to 25 uW/cm2/nm (or) 0.65 mW/cm2 to 2 mW/cm2 (with a blue filter of 80nm bandwidth)
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23 2009-12-01 12:53:00 2009-12-01 12:53:00 open open phototherapy publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 5284860241523185525 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115513 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
INFANT INCUBATORS http://biomedikal.in/infant-incubators/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 13:37:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/infant-incubators (INFANT INCUBATOR) An infant incubator is used mainly to keep a baby’s core temperature stable at 37 degrees Celsius. Most incubators also humidify the air and can add extra oxygen. INFANT INCUBATOR WITH BABY (INFANT INCUBATOR WITH BABY) NEED OF INFANT INCUBATORS The core temperature of the human body needs to be kept at a constant temperature of 37 degrees Celsius. If the temperature goes too high or too low, then the organs can be damaged and illness or death can result. Premature babies (babies born before they are due to be born) have undeveloped nervous systems and also lack the energy to regulate their own temperature, so their temperature needs to be maintained by an incubator. We can only give small babies a small amount of food for growing. We want them to use all of their energy for growth rather than wasting it on keeping warm, so sometimes we use the incubator to help them grow faster. BABY INSIDE INFANT INCUBATOR WORKING OF INFANT INCUBATOR The mattress where the baby lies is completely enclosed by a clear plastic canopy. The temperature in the incubator is increased by a heater element below the mattress. A motor driven fan near the heater draws in fresh air through a filter and blows it past the heater, warming the air. The air is directed up through slots into the area above the mattress and circulated around. The air temperature is monitored by temperature sensors and is adjusted by controlling the current to the heater. The incubator can also monitor the baby’s skin temperature by using a skin temperature probe, which is stuck onto the skin. The user can either set the incubator to control the temperature of the air or to control the temperature of the baby’s skin (servo control mode). Supplementary oxygen can be taken in by an oxygen inlet connection where it is mixed with the fresh air through the filter. The humidity can be increased by the use of water baths (passive humidification) or by dripping water on a heated element (active humidification). The baby is cared for through special access doors called arm ports. INFANT INCUBATOR PARTS UNITS Temperature: degrees Celsius Total gas intake: L/min Relative Humidity % Oxygen concentration: % RANGE OF VALUES Air Temperature: 32 to 38 C° Baby skin temperature: 34 to 36 C° Total gas intake: 35 L/min Relative humidity: 50-100%
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24 2009-12-01 13:37:00 2009-12-01 13:37:00 open open infant-incubators publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 5109552185330167984 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115456 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
ROBOTICS IN SURGERY-TELEMEDICINE http://biomedikal.in/robotics-surgery/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 13:41:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/robotics-surgery Robotic surgery is the use of robots in performing surgery. robotic surgery (ROBOTIC SURGERY) Three major advances aided by surgical robots are : i.)Remote Surgery REMOTE ROBOT SURGERY (REMOTE ROBOT SURGERY) ii.)Minimally invasive Surgery MINIMAL INVASIVE SURGERY (Minimal Invasive Robot Surgery) iii.)Unmanned Surgery. (UNMANNED ROBOT SURGERY) ADVANTAGES OF ROBOTIC SURGERY : Major potential advantages of robotic surgery are i.)Precision and Miniaturization. ii.)Articulation beyond normal manipulation and iii.)Three-dimensional magnification. Some surgical robots are autonomous, not under control of a surgeon. CONCEPTS OF ROBOTIC SURGERY (VARIOUS CONCEPTS IN AUTOMATIC CONTROL ROBOTS) HISTORY OF ROBOTIC SURGERY In 1985 a robot, the PUMA 560, was used to place a needle for a brain biopsy using CT guidance. PUMA 560 ROBOTS (PUMA 560 ROBOT) In 1988, the PROBOT, developed at Imperial College London, was used to perform prostatic surgery. PROBOT ROBOT (PROBOT ROBOT) The ROBODOC from Integrated Surgical Systems was introduced in 1992 to mill out precise fittings in the femur for hip replacement. ROBODOC ROBOT HIP SURGERY (ROBODOC ROBOT HIP SURGERY) Further development of robotic systems was carried out by Intuitive Surgical with the introduction of the da Vinci Surgical System and Computer Motion with the AESOP and the ZEUS robotic surgical system. DA VINCI SURGICAL SYSTEM ROBOT (DA VINCI SURGICAL SYSTEM ROBOT) Intuitive Surgical purchased Computer Motion in 1994 and discontinued development of the ZEUS System. DA VINCI SURGICAL SYSTEM DA VINCI SURGICAL SYSTEM The da Vinci Surgical System is comprised of three components: a surgeon’s console, a patient-side robotic cart with four arms manipulated by the surgeon, and a high-definition 3D vision system. Articulating surgical instruments are mounted on the robotic arms which are introduced into the body through cannulas. The surgeon’s hand movements are scaled and filtered to eliminate hand tremor then translated into micro-movements of the proprietary instruments. DA VINCI ROBOT COMPONENTS (DA VINCI ROBOT SYSTEM, A- SURGEON CONSOLE, B- 3D VISION SYSTEM, C- PATIENT SIDE ROBOT CART WITH 4 ARMS) (DA VINCI ROBOT ARMS) (VIEW OF DA VINCI ROBOT SYSTEM SURGERY) The da Vinci System is FDA cleared for a variety of surgical procedures including surgery for prostate cancer, hysterectomy and mitral valve repair and used in more than 800 hospitals in the Americas and Europe. The da Vinci System was used in 48,000 procedures in 2006 and sells for about $1.2 million. In May 1998, Dr. Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr using the Da Vinci surgical robot performed the first robotically assisted heart bypass at the Leipzig Heart Centre in Germany. In 2001, Marescaux used the Zeus robot to perform a cholecystectomy on a patient in Strasbourg, France while in New York. The first unmanned robotic surgery took place in May 2006 in Italy. Applications  OPERATIVE SYSTEM IN ROBOT SURGERY Cardiac surgery Endoscopic coronary bypass surgery and mitral valve replacement have been performed. Totally closed chest, endoscopic mitral valve surgeries are being performed now with the robot. ROBOT IN CARDIAC SURGERY Gastrointestinal surgery Multiple types of procedures have been performed with either the Zeus or da Vinci robot systems, including bariatric surgery. GASTROINTESTINAL BARIATIC ROBOT SURGERY (GASTROINTESTINAL BARIATIC ROBOT SURGERY) SURGICAL ROBOT PARTS (SURGICAL ROBOT PARTS) Gynecology Reproductive surgery and ablative surgery including hysterectomy have been performed. GYNECOLOGY SURGERY ROBOT GYNECOLOGY SURGERY ROBOT INCISIONS Neurosurgery Several systems for stereotactic intervention are currently on the market. BRAIN NEUROSURGICAL ROBOTS Orthopedics The ROBODOC system was released in 1992 by the Integrated Surgical Systems, Inc. ORTHOPEDIC ROBOT SURGERY Pediatrics Surgical robotics has been used in many types of pediatric surgical procedures including: i.)Tracheoesophageal fistula repair, ii.)Cholecystectomy, iii.)Nissen fundoplication, iv.)Morgagni hernia repair, v.)Kasai portoenterostomy, vi.)Congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair, and others. (SURGICAL ROBOT ARMS) On January 17, 2002, surgeons at Children's Hospital of Michigan in Detroit performed the nation's first advanced computer-assisted robot-enhanced surgical procedure at a children's hospital. For more Robotic Surgery Articles, Visit 1.) Robotic Surgery Institute 2.)Cardiac Surgery Associates
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25 2009-12-01 13:41:00 2009-12-01 13:41:00 open open robotics-surgery publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 6549849401719513052 _edit_lock 1262114232 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING http://biomedikal.in/blood-glucose-monitoring/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 14:06:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/blood-glucose-monitoring Blood glucose monitoring is a way of testing how much glucose is in the blood (glycemia). BLOOD PLACEMENT IN BLOOD GLUCOSE METER i.)This is important in the care of diabetes mellitus. Most people with Type 2 diabetes need to test at least once per day (usually before breakfast) to assess the effectiveness of their diet and exercise for controlling their blood glucose levels. Many people with Type 2 are using an oral medication to combat their insulin resistance, and must test their blood glucose before and after breakfast to assess the effectiveness of their dosage. BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITOR ii.)All people who need to inject insulin, both for Type 1 diabetes and Type 2, need also to test their blood sugar more often (3 to 10 times per day) to assess the effectiveness of their prior insulin dose and to calculate their next insulin dose. DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1 PANCREAS LOCATION Diabetes mellitus type 1 (Type 1 diabetes, Type I diabetes, T1D, IDDM) is a form of diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in the permanent destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. PANCREAS Type 1 is lethal unless treatment with exogenous insulin via injections replaces the missing hormone. INSULIN & PANCREAS DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly called diabetes mellitus type II, non insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM), obesity related diabetes, or adult-onset diabetes) is a metabolic disorder that is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. NIDDM TYPE2 DIABETES MELLITUS It is often managed by engaging in exercise and modifying one's diet. It is rapidly increasing in the developed world, and there is some evidence that this pattern will be followed in much of the rest of the world in coming years. Improved technology for measuring blood glucose is rapidly changing the standards of care for all diabetic people. There are several methods of blood glucose testing currently available. CHEMICAL TEST STRIPS Chemical test strips are a low cost method for monitoring blood glucose. A fairly large drop of blood, usually taken from the fingertip, is placed on a chemically prepared strip, called a blood glucose testing strip.The strip chemistry will cause it to change color according to the amount of glucose is in the blood. BLOOD GLUCOSE STRIPS One can tell if their level of blood glucose is low, high, or normal by comparing the color on the end of the strip to a color chart that is printed on the side of the test strip container. BLOOD GLUCOSE STRIP COLOR CHART-2 GLUCOSE TEST STRIP COLOR These are recommended only for people who are occasionally monitoring their blood glucose level (prediabetic or type 2) and are not using insulin. The Betachek Diabetes Test Strips BLOOD GLUCOSE METERS BLOOD GLUCOSE METER OPERATION A blood glucose meter is an electronic device for measuring the blood glucose level. A relatively small drop of blood is placed on a disposable test strip which interfaces with a digital meter. Within several seconds, the level of blood glucose will be shown on the digital display. BLOOD FOR GLUCOSE MONITOR DIGITAL BLOOD GLUCOSE METER DISPLAY BLOOD GLUCOSE METER ACCESSORIES While more expensive, blood glucose meters seem a breakthrough in diabetes self care. As the drops of blood needed for the meter become smaller, the pain associated with testing is reduced and the compliance of diabetic people to their testing regimens is improved. Although the cost of using blood glucose meters seems high, it is believed to be a cost benefit relative to the avoided medical costs of the complications of diabetes. A recent and welcome advance is the use of small blood drops for blood glucose testing from other places than the finger tips. This alternate site testing uses the same test strips and meter, is practically pain free, and gives the real estate on the finger tips a needed break if they become sore. (ALTERNATE SITE GLUCOSE TEST- BLOOD TAKEN FROM FOREARM INSTEAD OF FINGER) CONTINUOUS BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING (AMBULATORY) A continuous blood glucose monitor determines blood glucose levels on a continuous basis (every few minutes). A typical system consists of: i.)a disposable glucose sensor placed just under the skin, which is worn for a few days until replacement, CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE SENSOR (A-INSULIN PUMP, B-CANNULA, C-TINY GLUCOSE SENSOR, D-REAL TIME TRANSMITTER) ii.)a link from the sensor to a non-implanted transmitter which communicates to a radio receiver, iii.)an electronic receiver worn like a pager (or insulin pump) that displays blood glucose levels on a practically continuous manner, as well as monitors rising and falling trends in glycemic excursions. INSULIN PUMP CONTINUOUS BLLOD GLUCOSE MONITOR Continuous blood glucose monitors measure the glucose level of interstitial fluid. Disadvantages compared to traditional blood glucose monitoring are: i.)continuous systems must be calibrated with a traditional blood glucose measurement (using current technology) and therefore do not yet fully replace "fingerstick" measurements. ii.)glucose levels in interstitial fluid lag temporally behind behind blood glucose values. Patients therefore require traditional fingerstick measurements for calibration (typically twice per day) and are often advised to use fingerstick measurements to confirm hypo- or hyperglycemia before taking corrective action. The lag time discussed above has been reported to be about 5 minutes.Anecdotally, some users of the various systems report lag times of up to 10-15 minutes. This lag time is insignificant when blood sugar levels are relatively consistent. However, blood sugar levels, when changing rapidly, may read in the normal range on a CGM system while in reality the patient is already experiencing symptoms of an out-of-range blood glucose value and may require treatment. Patients using CGM are therefore advised to consider both the absolute value of the blood glucose level given by the system as well as any trend in the blood glucose levels. For example, a patient using CGM with a blood glucose of 100 mg/dl on their CGM system might take no action if their blood glucose has been consistent for several readings, while a patient with the same blood glucose level but whose blood glucose has been dropping steeply in a short period of time might be advised to perform a fingerstick test to check for hypoglycemia. Continuous monitoring allows examination of how the blood glucose level reacts to insulin, exercise, food, and other factors. The additional data can be useful for setting correct insulin dosing ratios for food intake and correction of hyperglycemia. Monitoring during periods when blood glucose levels are not typically checked (e.g. overnight) can help to identify problems in insulin dosing (such as basal levels for insulin pump users or long-acting insulin levels for patients taking injections). Monitors may also be equipped with alarms to alert patients of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia so that a patient can take corrective action(s) (after fingerstick testing, if necessary) even in cases where they do not feel symptoms of either condition. While the technology has its limitations, studies have demonstrated that patients with continuous sensors experience less hyperglycemia and also reduce their glycated hemoglobin levels. Currently, continuous blood glucose monitoring is not automatically covered by health insurance in the United States in the same way that most other diabetic supplies are covered (e.g. standard glucose testing supplies, insulin, and even insulin pumps). However, an increasing number of insurance companies do cover continuous glucose monitoring supplies (both the receiver and disposable sensors) on a case-by-case basis if the patient and doctor show a specific need. The lack of insurance coverage is exacerbated by the fact that disposable sensors must be frequently replaced (sensors by Dexcom and Minimed have been FDA approved for 7- and 3-day use, respectively, though some patients wear sensors for longer than the recommended period) and the receiving meters likewise have finite lifetimes (less than 2 years and as little as 6 months). This is one factor in the slow uptake in the use of sensors that have been marketed in the United States. Some current and future continuous glucose monitoring products include: i.)The Freestyle Navigator ii.)Minimed Paradigm insulin pump plus a continuous sensor iii.)The Guardian by Minimed iv.)Dexcom STS v.)GlucoDay S See this summary by a diabetes support group for a review of CBGM products, performance, and features. This technology is an important component in the effort to develop a closed-loop system connecting real-time automatic control of an insulin pump based on immediate blood glucose data from the sensor. One important goal is to develop an algorithm for automatic control, by which the system would function as an artificial pancreas. Although sensor reliability is more than adequate to improve outcomes for patients when used in an "open-loop" setting where the patient makes judgments about delivery of insulin, it is clearly not ready to be used as part of a closed loop system. FDA had approved the technology for use only in combination with fingerstick testing, and patients are expected to make judgments about treatment only after taking a fingerstick test. Therefore it is overly optimistic to think that these devices will be part of a closed loop system in the near future. GLUCOSE SENSING BIOIMPLANTS Longer term solutions to continuous monitoring, not yet available but under development, use a long-lasting bio-implant. These systems promise to ease the burden of blood glucose monitoring for their users, but at the trade off of a minor surgical implantation of the sensor that lasts from one year to more than five years depending on the product selected. Products under development include: i.)The SMSI Glucose Sensor ii.)The Animas Glucose Sensor iii.)Implanted Glucose Bio-sensor iv.)The Dexcom LTS (long term system) NON INVASIVE BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING TECHNOLOGY Some new technologies to monitor blood glucose levels will not require access to blood to read the glucose level. Non-invasive technologies include near IR detection, ultrasound and dielectric spectroscopy. These will free the person with diabetes from finger sticks to supply the drop of blood for blood glucose analysis. NON INVASIVE GLUCOSE MONITOR Most of the non-invasive methods under development are continuous glucose monitoring methods and offer the advantage of providing additional information to the subject between the conventional finger stick, blood glucose measurements and over time periods where no finger stick measurements are available (i.e. while the subject is sleeping). NON-INVASIVE GLUCOSE TESTING Products under development include: i.)Fovioptics retinal glucose analyzer ii.)Inlight Solutions, NIR glucose sensor iii.)NIR Diagnostics, NIR glucose sensor iv.)Sinsys Medical GTS v.)Solianis Monitoring AG VARIOUS MODELS OF MODERN GLUCOMETER PRESTIGEX GLUCOMETER ACCUCHECK GLUCOMETER COMBINED BP & GLUCOMETER (COMBINED DIGITAL BP MONITOR & GLUCOMETER") SYMPTOMS,TESTS & ADVICE FOR DIABETIC PATIENTS HYPERGLYCEMIA(HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE) & HYPOGLYCEMIA (LOW BLOOD GLUCOSE) SYMPTOMS (HYPERGLYCEMIA) LOW BLOOD SUGAR SYMPTOMS  DIABETIC PATIENT FOOD This method of treating low blood sugars is called the 15:15 rule. Eat 15 grams of carbohydrate and wait 15 minutes 3.)Fasting plasma glucose test -- this is the simplest and fastest way to measure blood glucose and diagnose diabetes. Fasting means that you have had nothing to eat or drink (except water) for 8 to 12 hours before the test. You are diagnosed with diabetes if your blood glucose level is 126 mg/dl or greater on two separate tests. 4.)Oral glucose tolerance test -- your blood glucose is tested two hours after drinking 75 grams of glucose. You are diagnosed with diabetes if your blood glucose level is 200 mg/dl or greater. ORAL GLUCOSE TEST2 5.)A person with type 2 diabetes can use exercise to help control their blood sugar levels and provide energy their muscles need to function throughout the day. By maintaining a healthy diet and sufficient exercise, a person with type 2 diabetes may be able to keep their blood sugar in the normal non-diabetic range without medication. EXERCISE GLUCOSE (BEFORE & AFTER EXERCISES) 6.)RISKS OF DIABETES RISKS OF DIABETES HIGH INSULIN
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BLOOD PRESSURE MONITOR http://biomedikal.in/blood-pressure-monitor/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 14:09:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/blood-pressure-monitor Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. It is believed to be able to reduce the white coat hypertension effect. BLOOD PRESSURE & HYPERTENSION BLOOD PRESSURE Blood pressure is the force that pushes blood through the blood vessels in your body. In people who have high blood pressure, blood is pushed through the blood vessels with greater force than normal. Another word for high blood pressure is "hypertension." HYPERTENSION SYSTOLE 140 & DIASTOLE 90+ CAUSES OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE 1.)A diet high in fat and cholesterol 2.)Not exercising regularly or not exercising hard enough 3.)Being overweight 4.)A family history of high blood pressure 5.)Tobacco use 6.)Stress 7.)Some birth control medicines 8.)Kidney and hormone problems SYSTOLE & DIASTOLE SYSTOLE & DIASTOLE IN HEART Blood pressure is recorded as two numbers separated by a slash, like 120/80. The first number is the systolic (say: "sis-tol-ik") pressure; it is the force when the heart pumps. The second number is the diastolic (say: "die-uh-stol-ik") pressure; it is the force when the heart relaxes between beats. SYSTOLE, DIASTOLE SYSTOLIC & DIASTOLIC READINGS Knowing both of your blood pressure readings can help your doctor tell if you have high blood pressure. Your doctor will want you to keep your usual blood pressure lower than 140/90. If you have diabetes, your doctor will want you to keep your blood pressure lower than 130/85. NORMAL,HIGH BP VALUES EFFECTS OF HIGH BP ON BODY PARTS High blood pressure can damage many parts of the body. If patient has high blood pressure, he/she has a higher risk for stroke, heart disease, heart attacks and kidney failure. Control of the blood pressure can reduce these risks. HYPERTENSIVE HEART EFFECTS OF HIGH BP ON BODY PARTS-3 EFFECTS OF HIGH BP ON BODY PARTS-2 EFFECTS OF HIGH BP ON BODY PARTS-1 ASSESSMENT & DIAGNOSIS OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS (CLICK IMAGE TO ENLARGE) AMBULATORY BP MONITOR AMBULATORY BP MONITOR, ABPM It is a small machine, about the size of a portable radio. The Patient will wear it on a belt. The blood pressure cuff on the monitor can be worn under his/her clothes without anyone seeing it. The picture to thebelow shows a person wearing an ambulatory blood pressure monitor. AMBULATORY BP This machine lets doctor find out what patient's blood pressure was every 15 to 30 minutes of a normal day.The information collected by this machine can help patient and doctor see if the blood pressure treatment is working. The doctor may want patient to use an ambulatory blood pressure monitor for one or more of the following reasons: 1.)If patient has "borderline" high blood pressure 2.)If patient and doctor can't keep your blood pressure under control 3.)If patient has blood pressure problems caused by other medicines 4.)If patient is pregnant and has high blood pressure 5.)If patient has fainting spells The monitor may help doctor find out if patient is a person who only has high blood pressure when you are at the doctor's office. This is called "white-coat hypertension." If patient has this kind of hypertension, he/she may not need to take medicine. WORK OF AMBULATORY BP MONITOR ON PATIENT The small blood pressure cuff that is connected to the monitor will automatically check patient's blood pressure about every 30 minutes, even while he/she is sleeping. The patient also will be asked to keep a diary of his/her day's activities, so doctor will know when he/she was active and when she/she was resting. Some people feel a little sore from the frequent pressure checks. Some people get a rash, but it usually goes away without treatment. After 24 hours of monitoring, patient will take the machine and diary to the doctor's office. The blood pressure information is transferred from the monitor to a computer or an analyzer. The computer helps the doctor make sense of the information. Your doctor will review the information with you and decide if your treatment program is working or if you need to make changes to it. AMBULATORY BP ANALYZER AMBULATORY 24 HOUR BP GRAPH ADVICE FOR HIGH BP PATIENTS CHECK BP FREQUENT BP CHECKUP REGULAR MEDIATIONS EXERCISE DAILY FOR LOWERING BP HIGH BP MEDICATIONS
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HOLTER ECG http://biomedikal.in/holter-ecg/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 14:13:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/holter-ecg The Holter monitor The Holter monitor records the heart's electrical activity through electrodes placed on the chest. The electrical impulses are then transmitted to an amplifier, which records them on a small magnetic tape or digital recorder for later review by a physician. This test provides the doctor with important information about patient's heart and its rhythm and can help identify the cause of such symptoms as chest pain, palpitations or dizziness. HOLTER USES The Working of Holter monitor An ambulatory electrocardiogram is a portable recording of the heart rhythm taken during patient's normal activities. It is entirely painless and none of the equipment enters his/her body. It monitors his/her heart's electrical activity as detected on the surface of the skin, transmits this signal to an amplifier, and saves a record of the electrocardiogram on a small magnetic tape or digital recorder for subsequent review and analysis. Following completion of the monitoring period, the tape is scanned by a technician.  HOLTER SYSTEM Ambulatory electrocardiograph has been available since the early 1950s, when Dr. Holter introduced his portable electrocardiogram to the medical community. Since that time, these devices have decreased in size and weight, but have increased in sophistication. Dr.HOLTER (DR. NORMAN J.HOLTER) The first devices had to be worn in a backpack, and despite their large size and weight, could only review the heart along one axis (one direction). HOLTER TAPE RECORDER (CASSETTE HOLTER RECORDER) Modern devices can look at the heart along several different axes, and their weight and size are such that they do not interfere with your normal activities. FLASH CARD HOLTER RECORDER (MODERN FLASH CARD HOLTER RECORDER) Information obtained by the Holter monitor When applied to the patient's chest, the Holter monitor can identify any abnormal heart rhythms or rate. It picks up skipped heartbeats, as well as those that are excessively fast or slow. Under some circumstances, the test can identify whether the heart has a sufficient supply of blood and so help your physician determine if there are blockages or constrictions in the coronary arteries (the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart). Thus, if patient has had chest pain, or episodes of fainting or dizziness, this test will show what happens to his/her heart while he/she has these symptoms. If patient is taking medication for a heart condition, the test helps evaluate how well it is working. If he/she is using a temporary or permanent pacemaker (a device that helps to regulate the heart rhythm), the Holter monitor can detect whether it is working properly. HOLTER ECG INFORMATION How the test is done First, the technician shaves the hair off the areas where the electrodes (sticky patches that detect the heart's electrical signals) are to be placed. After shaving, the skin is cleaned with a fat degreaser to remove any oil from the skin so the electrodes will have better contact and not fall off during the test. Next, an antiperspirant is wiped over the shaved area to prevent perspiration from loosening the electrodes. Finally, the electrodes are applied to patient's chest. HOLTER LEADS The number of wires and electrodes applied depends upon the number of "leads" (the angle from which the heart is viewed), the physician feels should be monitored. Often this may require as many as five or six electrode patches with their accompanying wires. Each electrode and wire unit is placed in a specific place on the chest. It is important that the electrodes remain stable once attached. After they are securely fixed to patient chest, the excess wire is taped to the skin to prevent their accidental disconnection. Next, the technician checks the system to be sure that it is working properly. The monitor is connected to an electrocardiogram recorder to determine if the ambulatory electrocardiogram provides a high quality tracing free of excessive "noise" or electrical interference. The patient may be asked to move around, to sit, stand, lie down, bend, and breathe deeply, to provide a baseline reading of the heartbeat and to assure that simple movement does not interfere with the recording. The cassette tape or digital recorder is then tested and a battery inserted into the device. The patient can wear the tape recorder either on your belt or over his/her shoulder, depending on the model used. The diary card The last and most important part of the test is the diary card, the patient will be asked to fill out. On this card the patient record his/her activities and symptoms during the day of monitoring. This is an extremely important part of the test since it enables the technician to correlate patient's heart electrical activity with his/her symptoms and activities. If the patient do not write anything in the diary, it may be impossible for doctor to determine the cause of any abnormalities and the test may have to be repeated. The information needed on the diary card includes the day, time, type of activity performed (running, walking, grocery shopping, etc.), and any symptoms you experience. Be certain to fill the diary out correctly and carefully. The test generally lasts from 24 to 48 hours, depending on the period of time specified by doctor. Follow-up HOLTER SCANNING After completion of the test, the patient will be asked to return to the laboratory for removal of the device. At this point, only half the test is completed. The last half of the test consists of an analysis by a technician of the 24-48 hours of tracings via a rapid scanning device. HOLTER MEMORY CARD CONNECTION TO PC Subsequently, the technician records any abnormal segments of the tracing, or those during which patient recorded symptoms in his/her diary. The technician's report and the pertinent printouts of the electrocardiogram are then sent to the physician. HOLTER ECG REPORT
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MICROCONTROLLER BOOKS-ELECTRONICS http://biomedikal.in/microcontroller-books/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 14:18:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/microcontroller-books CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 2 CHAPTER3 CHAPTER4 MICROCONTROLLER AND EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
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31 2009-12-01 14:18:00 2009-12-01 14:18:00 open open microcontroller-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7539547051070838486 _edit_lock 1262115291 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_accuracy 0 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 _wpas_skip_yup 1 geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
MICROCONTROLLER MAZIDI & MAZIDI FULL DOWNLOAD ALL CHAPTERS AVAILABLE http://biomedikal.in/microcontroller-mazidi-mazidi-full-download-all-chapters-available/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 14:28:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/01/microcontroller-mazidi-mazidi-full-download-all-chapters-available DOWNLOAD LINK
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32 2009-12-01 14:28:00 2009-12-01 14:28:00 open open microcontroller-mazidi-mazidi-full-download-all-chapters-available publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 880621348635778450 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115201 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
GLUCOMETER-BIOMEDICAL DEVICE http://biomedikal.in/glucometer/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 15:29:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=27 GLUCOBANDGLUCOBANDThe Glucoband is a compact electronic scanning device that utilizes a bio-electromagnetic resonance phenomenon to non-invasively measure blood glucose levels in the human body, and to continuously monitor the blood glucose level. The device is based on the technology called Bio-Electric Impedance Spectroscopy (BEIS). A wrist-watch-like Glucoband, with fully integrated LCD screen, electronic circuits, integrated electrodes, battery and adjustable wrist-band, is placed on the person's wrist. The initial measurement process takes only a few minutes, however, in the monitoring mode, measurements can be continuous and only the frequency of measurements must be determined. The Glucoband targets diabetics who are measuring their own blood glucose, and medical personnel who are using blood glucose measuring and monitoring devices in clinics, hospitals and other point-of-care facilities. The measurements meet FDA requirements for accuracy and correlation. The design of the Glucoband is such that it may be used as a regular wrist-watch or be used as a blood glucose measurement device, at the discretion of the wearer.In the Continuous Monitoring mode, Glucoband can be set to alert upon surpassing a lowest and/or highest preset value. Glucoband worn on the wrist like regular wristwatch would allow people with diabetes to continuously and non-invasively monitor their blood glucose levels without the pain and inconvenience of multiple fingerstick blood tests or implanting a sensor. Prototypes of the device have shown the capability of providing readings once in 6 minutes. Continuous glucose monitoring has become an important component of diabetes management for both children and adults.Blood glucose levels are a measure of an individual's health status. Because people with diabetes cannot properly metabolize glucose, they typically monitor their glucose levels by frequently pricking their fingertips to draw the drop of blood necessary for conventional glucose monitoring. The estimated worldwide market for glucose testing is $5.5 billion with an annual growth rate of 15 to 18 percent. GLUCOWATCH The Cygnus GLUCOWATCH wrist monitor uses a low electric current to pull glucose through the skin. The system, which employs a disposable sensor pad to collect and measure the glucose sample, provides automatic glucose readings up to three times an hour for as long as twelve hours at a time. GLUCOWATCH (CYGNUS GLUCOWATCH) Cygnus GLUCOWATCH G2 BIOGRAPHER, a special version of the GLUCOWATCH is designed for younger diabetic patients aged 7 to 17. It gained FDA approval in May 2005. CYGNUS GLUCOWATCH G2 BIOGRAPHER

GLUCOPHONE

GLUCOPHONE GLUCOMETER + CELL PHONE = GLUCOPHONE Glucophone is a new technology that integrates a blood glucose meter with a standard cellphone. It not only allows you to send results over the air, but specially equipped mobiles will actually be fitted with a GlucoPack that enables you to test Glucose level yourself as you would do with any other traditional glucometer. GLUCOPHONE GLUCOPACK (LG GLUCOPHONE) Glucophone is essentially a cellphone and glucometer. It will measure blood sugar levels, record and send results to yourself and others. GLUCOPHONE A company called Healthpia America has developed an integrated cell phone-glucometer system that "uses custom software along with an LG UX5000, VX5200, or LX350 and a Glucopack." According to the company's website, they believe that their system is "the world's first, all-in-one, glucometer cell phone and service for managing diabetes remotely. Whether you're a guardian, physician, or healthcare institution, you can provide 24/7 support and emergency intervention to Diabetes Phone subscribers -- anytime, anywhere. It's a full disease management system." WORKING OF GLUCOPHONES HealthPia has developed a glucose meter (GlucoPack™) that can be fitted onto regular cell phones. The customer uses the GlucoPack™ in the same manner as any standard glucose meter. Software has been developed that can be downloaded into your cell phone that can interface with the GlucoPack™ to test and read your glucose level. (When you go visit or talk to your doctor or a hospital, with the subscriber's permission all the test results are accessible online.) The test reslults are stored in the cell phone and also sent to an online medical management database. The results can also be automatically sent to other sources such as your physician, guardian, family members in real-time at the subscriber's direction. (When you go visit or talk to your doctor or a hospital, with the subscriber's permission all the test results are accessible online.) The disease management center analyzes the test results and provides professional medical management for the subscriber.
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27 2009-12-01 15:29:41 2009-12-01 15:29:41 open open glucometer publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115276 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 7716845374340384949 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
REFRACTOMETER-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/next-page/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 16:22:14 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=76
NAPA, CA - OCTOBER 9:  Maria Kopra uses a refr...
Image by Getty Images via Daylife
A refractometer measures the extent to which light is bent (i.e. refracted) when it moves from air into a sample and is typically used to determine the index of refraction (aka refractive index or n) of a liquid sample. download doc >>
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SYLLABUS OF BIOMECHANICS (M.D.U ROHTAK) http://biomedikal.in/syllabus-of-biomechanics-m-d-u-rohtak/ Tue, 01 Dec 2009 17:07:57 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=90 DOWNLOAD PDF >>
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90 2009-12-01 17:07:57 2009-12-01 17:07:57 open open syllabus-of-biomechanics-m-d-u-rohtak publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114922 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
BIOMECHANICS 1 http://biomedikal.in/biomechanics-1/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 03:23:38 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/biomechanics-1/ DOWNLOAD NOW >>
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convert docx file directly to .doc http://biomedikal.in/convert-docx-file-directly-to-doc/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 09:13:58 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/convert-docx-file-directly-to-doc/ DOCX FILE DIRECTLY TO .DOC FORMAT SO THAT IT CAN BE OPENED IN LOWER VERSIONS OF OFFICE DOWNLOAD NOW http://www.ziddu.com/download/7577834/convertdocxtodoc.exe.html
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96 2009-12-02 09:13:58 2009-12-02 09:13:58 open open convert-docx-file-directly-to-doc publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261051972 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 _oembed_281ac881de92c9229c60aff8caad1117 {{unknown}} geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 _oembed_d5f7750d048dc3d35d58842f808c01a2 {{unknown}}
convert pdf to word directly http://biomedikal.in/convert-pdf-to-word-directly/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 09:19:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/convert-pdf-to-word-directly/ 97 2009-12-02 09:19:02 2009-12-02 09:19:02 open open convert-pdf-to-word-directly publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261730222 _edit_last 11062180 _oembed_5e9c2117fca0d7c61463f1dcc8f01f4b {{unknown}} BARRON'S GRE 12TH EDITION FOR VOCABULARY http://biomedikal.in/barrons-gre-12th-edition-for-vocabulary/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 13:10:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/barrons-gre-12th-edition-for-vocabulary/ 98 2009-12-02 13:10:54 2009-12-02 13:10:54 open open barrons-gre-12th-edition-for-vocabulary publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1259759458 _edit_last 11062180 _oembed_9d13b0a2ba3b9ee88eaeab6c6040e309 {{unknown}} joint replacement http://biomedikal.in/joint-replacement/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 13:12:57 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/joint-replacement/ 99 2009-12-02 13:12:57 2009-12-02 13:12:57 open open joint-replacement publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1259759578 _edit_last 11062180 KNEE REPLACEMENT SURGERY http://biomedikal.in/knee-replacement-surgery/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:06:51 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/knee-replacement-surgery/ 100 2009-12-02 18:06:51 2009-12-02 18:06:51 open open knee-replacement-surgery publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1259777219 _edit_last 11062180 CERVICAL ORTHOSES http://biomedikal.in/cervical-orthoses/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:12:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/cervical-orthoses/ 101 2009-12-02 18:12:15 2009-12-02 18:12:15 open open cervical-orthoses publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260531920 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 GAIT ANALYSIS http://biomedikal.in/gait-analysis/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:21:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/gait-analysis/ Gait analysis is the study of animal locomotion, including locomotion of humans. Gait analysis is commonly used to help athletes run more efficiently and to identify posture-related or movement-related problems in people with injuries. The study encompasses quantification, i.e., introduction and analysis of measurable parameters of gaits, as well as interpretation, i.e., drawing various conclusions about the animal (health, age, size, weight, speed, etc.) from its gait. Gait analysis commonly involves the measurement of the movement of the body in space (kinematics) and the forces involved in producing these movements (kinetics). Kinematics can be recorded using a variety of systems and methodologies: 1. Photography is the most basic method for the recording to movement and strobe lighting at known frequency has been used in the past to aid in the analysis of gait on single photographic images. 2. Video recordings using footage from single or multiple cameras can be used to measure joint angles and velocities. 3. Passive marker systems, using reflective markers (typically reflective balls), allow for very accurate measurement of movement using multiple cameras (typically up to 8 cameras simultaneously) 4. Active marker systems are similar to the passive marker system but use "active" markers. These markers are triggered by the incoming infra red signal and respond by sending out a corresponding signal of their own. Applications 1. Medical diagnostics Pathological gait may reflect compensations for underlying pathologies, or be responsible for causation of symptoms in itself. The study of gait allows these diagnoses to be made, as well as permitting future developments in rehabilitation engineering. Aside from clinical applications, gait analysis is widely used in professional sports training to optimise and improve athletic performance. 2. Biometric identification and forensics Gait analysis techniques allow for the assessment of gait disorders and the effects of corrective orthopedic surgery. Options for treatment of cerebral palsy include the paralysis of spastic muscles using Botox or the lengthening, re-attachment or detachment of particular tendons. Corrections of distorted bony anatomy are also undertaken. It is heavily used in the assessment of sports and investigations into the movement of a large variety of other animals. Minor variations in gait style can be used as a biometric identifier to identify individual people. Gait analysis (Wikipedia) Motion analysis theory (Kwon3D) ]]> 104 2009-12-02 18:21:15 2009-12-02 18:21:15 open open gait-analysis publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260530891 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 HUMAN GAIT http://biomedikal.in/human-gait/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:36:09 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=108 DOWNLOAD HUMAN GAIT
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108 2009-12-02 18:36:09 2009-12-02 18:36:09 open open human-gait publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262114025 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
PRINCIPLES OF THROWING http://biomedikal.in/principles-of-throwing/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:41:48 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=111 THIS IS A CHAPTER EXTRACTED FROM A BOOK ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES OF THROWING DO REFER THIS CONTENT WHILE STUDYING BIOMECHANICS THE REASON I AM PROVIDING A DOCUMENT IS THAT I HAVE KEPT IN MY COMPUTER AND I AM NOT ABLE TO COPY PASTE DOCUMENT HERE AS IT IS SOME OF THE PICTURES ARE LOST SO THIS GOES LIKE THIS DOWNLOAD PRINCIPLESOF THROWING.DOC
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111 2009-12-02 18:41:48 2009-12-02 18:41:48 open open principles-of-throwing publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262114051 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
BASIC ANATOMY OF BODY FOR UNDERSTANDING BIOMECHANICS http://biomedikal.in/basic-anatomy-of-body-for-understanding-biomechanics/ Wed, 02 Dec 2009 18:45:06 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=113 THIS DOCUMENT IS A POWERPOINT PRESENTATION CONTAINING ALL THE ESSENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT VARIOUS BODY MOVEMENTS SECTIONAL DIVISION OF THE BODY ALONG WITH PICTURES PLEASE REFER TO IT DOWNLOAD BASIC ANATOMY.PDF
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113 2009-12-02 18:45:06 2009-12-02 18:45:06 open open basic-anatomy-of-body-for-understanding-biomechanics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263061108 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
EASIEST,FASTEST AND CHEAPEST WAY TO REACH DELHI FROM FARIDABAD AND PALWAL,MATHURA,AGRA http://biomedikal.in/easiestfastest-and-cheapest-way-to-reach-delhi-from-faridabad-and-palwalmathuraagra/ Thu, 03 Dec 2009 09:26:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=115 THIS POST IS FOR THOSE PEOPLE(PARTICULARLY) STUDENTS WHO HAVE TO PLY BETWEEN DELHI AND FARIDABAD REGULARLY THIS STRETCH IBETWEEN DELHI AND FARIDABAD IS BUSY MOST OF THE TIME THERE ARE LONG JAMS ON THE ROAD WHICH INCREASE THE FRUSTRATION OF PEOPLE WHO HAVE TO DAILY COMMUTE THROUGH AND REACH THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICES THEY HAVE TO MOVE OUT FROM THE PLACE 2 HOURS PRIOR BY TAKIN 1 AND A HALF HOUR FOR THE JAM ALSO THERE ARE MANY TRAFFIC JAMS IN DELHI OTHER THEN BADARPUR BORDER BUT BEING THE BUSIEST CROSSING IT DOESNT MAKE COMMUTERS GOOD ALSO NOW AS I HAVE WRITTEN AND EXPRESSED THE PROBLEM STATEMENT NOW I WOULD LIKE TO SUGGEST A SUITABLE MEASURE FOR IT THUS THE MEASURE IS ELECTRICALLY MOVING UNIT (EMU) TRAINS are the best option TO GO BY AS WE KNOW THAT THESE TRAINS ARE THERE BUT MOST OF US DONT USE THESE TRAINS BECAUSE OF LACK OF AWARENESS AND REDUCED COMFORT LEVELS BUT TODAY AS THE POPULATION IS INCREASING WE HARDLY FIND ANY SPACE IN THE BUSES ALSO THUS IT IS REQUIRED US TO COMMUTE FASTER TO AVOID MUCH OF FATIGUE DUE TO LONG TRAFFIC JAMS FARIDABAD TO CONNAUGHT PLACE (DELHI) EMU- FARE -Rs 4 AND TIME TAKEN IS 45 MINUTES MAX BUS- FARE-Rs 20 TILL INDRAPRASTHA METRO STATION THEN Rs 9 IN METRO FROM INDRAPRASTHA TO RAJIV CHOWK SO HERE THE TOTAL IS Rs 29 IT IS ABOUT 7 TIMES MORE AND TIME TAKEN IS ABOUT 90-120 MINUTES DEPENDING UPON THE JAM BIKE OR CAR- FARE is about Rs 100 AS THE DISTANCE IS ABOUT 33 KMS SO IT TAKES AROUND 2 LITRES OF PETROL IN CAR AND ABOUT HALF A LITRE  IN BIKE BUT TIME TAKEN IS 90 MINUTES SO IT IS GUD TO COMMUTE ON TRAIN RATHER THAN COMMUTING ON ANY OTHER MEANS OF COMMUNICATION THE VARIOUS TIMINGS OF EMU I AM UPLOADING A PICTURE OF DETAILED TIMINGS OTHER WISE THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS 6:17 AM TO LATE NIGHT AT 10 PM EVERY HOUR I HOPE THAT ALL OF YOU WILL NOW COMMUTE THROUGH TRAIN RATHER THEN GOING FOR BUS AND WILL SAVE TIME AND ALSO ONE MORE THING FROM TUGHLAKABAD STATION YOU CAN MOVE ANYWHERE NEAR BADARPUR BORDER FROM OKHLA YOU CAN GO TO ANYWHERE NEAR AIIMS , IIT DELHI,DHAULAKUAN,SAROJINI NAGAR,LAJPAT NAGAR,NEW FRIENDS COLONY YOU CAN GO TO SOUTH EXTENSION A GREAT PLACE OF COACHING INSTITUTE FROM NIZAMMUDIN YOU CAN MOVE ANY WHERE AREA AROUND PRAGATI MAIDAN FROM TILAK BRIDGE YOU CAN GO TO ITO AND ALL NEARBY GOVERNMENT OFFICES FROM SHIVAJI BRIDGE YOU CAN MOVE TO KAROL BAGH,RAM KRISHNA MARG AND ANYWHERE IN METRO ON BLUE LINE,CONNAUGHT PLACE HEART OF DELHI IS 5 MINUTES WALKING ALL BIG COACHING INSTITUTES LIE HERE FROM NEW DELHI,OLD DELHI YOU CAN MOVE ANYWHERE IN NORTH DELHI USING METRO YELLOW LINE FROM SHAKUR BASTI YOU CAN MOVE ANYWHERE IN WEST DELHI THAT IS NARAINA,PITAMPURA ETC SO THE TRAIN IS LIFELINE AT SOME STRETCHES TRAIN IS BETTER THEN METRO IN SPEED BECOZ OF LIMITED NO OF STATIONS BUT FREQUENCY OF METRO IS MORE SO WE SHOULD TRAVEL BY TRAIN IT IS CHEAP GOOD N FASTEST WAY OF COMMUTATION FROM NEAR CAPITAL REGION OF FARIDABAD DOWLOAD WHOLE SCHEDULE OF TRAINS]]> 115 2009-12-03 09:26:39 2009-12-03 09:26:39 open open easiestfastest-and-cheapest-way-to-reach-delhi-from-faridabad-and-palwalmathuraagra publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260102577 What Is the Best Way To Measure Cardiac Output? http://biomedikal.in/what-is-the-best-way-to-measure-cardiac-output/ Thu, 03 Dec 2009 09:38:09 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=120 Despite recent controversies regarding its safety and efficacy, pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) remains a widely used tool for the management of patients with cardiovascular instability. In addition to providing measurements of cardiac out-put (CO), several other potentially useful pieces of data can be obtained, including estimates of preload,afterload, and oxygen utilization. However, many practitioners feel that CO is the most useful parameter obtained with PAC.The desire to measure CO without the risks of PAC has driven the search for other, less invasive measurement methods, such as esophageal Doppler measurements, lithium dilution, and carbon dioxide based techniques.

Factors Influencing Cardiac Output

read more>>>

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COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMATERIALS (ALL TOPICS) http://biomedikal.in/complete-lecture-notes-on-biomaterials-all-topics/ Fri, 04 Dec 2009 09:44:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=161 Introduction Overview Classes of Materials Used in Medicine Polymeric Materials - Part I Polymeric Materials - Part II Surface Properties of Biomaterials Surface Characterization Surface & Protein Interactions Acute Wound Healing Blood Clotting Chronic Wound Healing and Foreign Body Response Inflammation - Part I Inflammation - Part II - Degradation of Implanted Materials Device Development The Regulatory Environment Sterilization & Implant-Associated Infections Biomaterials Testing Surface Coatings Wound Dressings and Sutures Elastomers Cardiovascular Medical Devices - Part I Applications in Cardiology Hollow Fiber Membranes Applications in Nephrology Hydrogels Applications in Ophthalmology Metals AS BIOMATERIALS - Part I Metals AS BIOMATERIALS- Part II Applications in Orthopedics Ceramics and Bioglasses Adhesives and Sealents Applications in Dentistry Degradable Materials - Part I Degradable Materials - Part II Applications in Drug Delivery Applications in Tissue Engineering related http://www.scribd.com/doc/12583/Notes-Biomaterials-II
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161 2009-12-04 09:44:17 2009-12-04 09:44:17 open open complete-lecture-notes-on-biomaterials-all-topics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262956326 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
INTRODUCTION TO BIOMECHANICS (BASIC DEFINITIONS) MUST KNOW http://biomedikal.in/introduction-to-biomechanics-basic-definitions-must-know/ Fri, 04 Dec 2009 14:58:57 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=167 Definitions
  • Bio mechanics - application of the principles of mechanics / physics to biological organisms
  • muscle action vs. function
    • action - motions produced by a muscle's shortening; described in reference to axes and planes of body
      • - determined by architecture of joint and position of muscle around it
      • - pure mechanics which can be inferred
    • function - how the organism chooses to use a muscle
      • - can involve positive, negative or non- work (see below)
  • agonists (Gr., contestant)- muscles with an identical action; usually restricted to single axis or plane of reference
  • antagonists (Gr., against + contestant; lit. enemy) - muscles with opposite action; usually restricted to single axis or plane of reference
  • synergist (Gr., together + work) - muscles which act together to perform a function; can involve both agonists and antagonists
  • work (W) - the mechanical definition
    • - occurs when a force moves its point of application
    • - e.g., muscles work by moving myosin heads along actin filament
    • - thus W = (F) (X), where
      • F= force (newtons; N)
      • X = distance moved (meters; m); can be positive or negative relative to line of action of force
    • - work is measured in joules [J = (N)(m)]
    • - muscles generate tension to perform positive, negative or non- work
      • - positive work - muscle shortens while generating tension (i.e., X > 0)
      • - negative work - muscle lengthens while generating tension (i.e., X < O)
      • - non-work - muscle generates tension without changing length (X=0)
Some Physiology (gag!)
  • isometric and isotonic contractions
    • - limited to experimental conditions in which mechanical properties (either tension or change in length) of muscle are measured; i.e., not possible in vivo
    • - isometric contraction - muscle length is fixed and tension is measured
      • - used to generate length/tension curves (see below)
    • - isotonic contraction - muscle tension (load) is fixed and change in length (shortening) measured
      • - used to generate force (tension)/velocity curves (see below)
  • sliding filament theory and length/tension curve (see Figure 1)
    • - theory proposed by biophysicist Jean Hanson (1919-73) and physiologist Hugh Esmor Huxley (1924- ) in 1954
    • - states that during contraction thin filaments slide past thick filaments with no change in the length of either type of filament
    • - force for producing sliding of thin filaments is generated by the cross-bridges (formed by myosin heads)
    • - theory predicts that force output will be proportional to the degree of overlap between thick and thin filaments or, more specifically, the number of cross-bridges formed
  • biomechanical implications of the sliding filament theory:
    • 1.  for maximum force output (total tension) muscle should be positioned below its optimal length so that work (either positive or negative) will occur over peak of length/tension curve
    • 2.   muscles which produce the same action across a joint are typically arranged such that their optimal lengths occur at different joint positions thus permitting a nearly constant level of force output at all joint positions
  • velocity-force curves (see Figure 2)
    • - generated from series of isotonic contractions
    • - force and velocity are inversely related such that at zero (0) velocity maximum force is generated, and at maximum velocity zero (0) force is generated
    • - power output = force x velocity (rate of doing work)
      • - measured in watts (1N x 1m/s)
      • - is maximized at about 30% of maximum force
Preliminary concepts
  • 1.   Force output is proportional to cross-sectional area (see Figure 3)
    • - specifically F = total CSA x Specific Tension of muscle (N/cm2)
    • - thus muscles that differ in length but have equal CSA generate equal amounts of force
  • 2.   Excursion (distance a muscle can shorten) is proportional to fiber length (see Figure 4)
    • - maximum sarcomere excursion = 50% of resting length
    • - thus longer fibers will contract a greater distance
  • 3.  Velocity (distance of shortening/unit of time) is proportional to fiber length (assuming equal load)
    • - muscles of different fiber length will contract to 50% in same amount of time
    • - since excursions distances differ but time is constant, velocity is greater in muscles with longer fibers
Muscle Architecture
  • Muscle architecture refers to arrangement and length of muscle fibers w/i a muscle
    • - variation in muscle architecture can affect:
      • (1) excursion (distance a muscle can contract)
      • (2) velocity
      • (3) force, and
      • (4) line of action
    • - variety of classification schemes exist; none perfect (except mine); many primarily descriptive
    • - functionally 3 general types: parallel, triangular and pinnate based on fiber arrangement (see Figure 5)
      • 1) triangular - muscle fibers radially arranged
        • -specialized for altering line of action assuming non-uniform distribution of motor units
      • 2) parallel - muscle fibers are arranged parallel to line of action (muscle pull)
        • - specialized for excursion and/or velocity
      • 3) pinnate - muscle fibers lie at an angle to line of action (muscle pull)
        • - specialized for force production
      • - N.B. Relationship between angle of pinnation (parallel fibers have an angle of pinnation = 0 degrees), fiber length and excursion is not simple; in fact in some situations pinnation actually can increase excursion
  • Advantage of pinnation / Disadvantage of parallel (see Figure 6)
    • - maximum force produced by a muscle is proportional to the sum of the cross-section of all its fibers
    • - for muscles of equal volume, more muscle fibers can be packed into a pinnate arrangement than a parallel arrangement
    • - since axis of contraction of muscle fibers not parallel to pull of muscle (line of action) some muscle force dissipated perpendicular to line of action
    • - thus force output = # of fibers x cosine of angle of insertion
    • - thus advantage of pinnation is to increase force output of a muscle by packing more fibers in a given volume of space
  • Cost of pinnation / Advantage of parallel (see Figure 7)
    • - excursion = length a muscle fiber can contract; function of fiber length
    • - for muscles of equal length, pinnate muscles have decreased excursion relative to parallel
    • - max. sarcomere shortening = 50% of resting length; thus max. excursion of muscle = 50% of fiber length
    • - parallel fibers can shorten to their maximum
    • - pinnate fibers cannot shorten to their maximum w/o dislodging themselves from their tendons
    • - thus pinnate muscle has shorter excursion
Lever mechanics
  • Muscles generate forces and skeletal elements apply these forces and thus serve a machines
    • - machine - device for transmitting forces from one point to another
    • - majority (but not all) of skeletal elements function as type of machine known as lever
    • - lever is a rigid bar (regardless of shape) which rotates about a fixed point (fulcrum)
    • - in levers forces work by creating rotational forces about the joints (fulcrum) known as moments; i.e.,
      • m = F x L, where
        • m = moment or torque
        • F = force; in this case muscle tension
        • L = Lever (or moment) arm; distance between force and fulcrum; lies perpendicular to line of action of force
  • Lever systems are most easily analyzed under the conditions of equilibrium (see Figure 8)
    • Force equilibrium: Fi x Li (in-torque) = Fo x Lo (out-torque)
      • - solving for Fo:
        • Fo = Fi x (Li/Lo)
      • - thus to maximize force-output of a lever system for a given muscle force (Fi):
        • 1) increase Li
        • 2) decrease Lo
      • - Li/Lo = lever advantage
    • Velocity equilibrium: Vo x Li = Vi x Lo
      • - solving for Vo
        • Vo = Vi x (Lo/Li)
      • - thus to maximize velocity-output of a lever system for a given muscle velocity (Vi):
        • 1) decrease Li
        • 2) increase Lo
      • - Lo/Li = gear ratio
  • Note that for a given muscle input (Fi) a muscle lever system can either:
      • a) maximize lever advantage (Li/Lo) and produce a stronger but slower force (Fo)
      • b) maximize gear ratio (Lo/Li) and produce a faster but weaker force (Vo)
    • - it cannot maximize both (inverse relationship)
    • - thus, there is a trade off between velocity and force in any lever system
Muscle fiber types
  • Quality of force production can be varied by using different types of muscle fibers
    • - vertebrate muscles can be broadly divided into slow and fast based upon speed of contraction
    • - slow fibers - specialized for prolonged tension generation
      • - typically generate small forces (due to small fiber CSA and low innervation ratio) at low metabolic cost (aerobic respiration)
      • - fatigue resistant due to high density of mitochondria and myoglobin
      • - 2 subtypes
        • 1) tonic - multi-terminal fibers; membrane cannot propagate an AP thus contraction is graded; limited to extra-ocular muscles in mammals
        • 2) slow twitch - single terminal fibers; widely distributed
    • - fast [twitch] fibers - specialized for generating tension rapidly
      • - typically generate larger forces (due to larger fiber CSA and high innervation ratio) at high metabolic cost (use both aerobic and anaerobic respiration)
      • - different sub-types (2A, 2B, 2X) differ in myosin isoforms and fatigue resistance
  • Majority of muscles are of mixed fiber type composition being a combination of fast and slow fibers occurring in two arrangements
      • 1) mosaic - fast and slow fibers uniformly distributed
      • 2) compartmentalized - fiber types non-uniformly distributed into intramuscular compartments
    • - however, some muscles which are used for repetitive or constant tasks (e.g., posture) can be comprised nearly entirely of slow fibers
      • - e.g., soleu
      THANKS TO FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
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BIOMATERIALS-AN INTRODUCTION BY J.B PARK,R.S LAKES http://biomedikal.in/172/ Fri, 04 Dec 2009 15:19:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=172 First published in 1992, this revision of a popular textbook features completely updated coverage. The burgeoning field of biomaterials has become strongly interdisciplinary, encompassing new materials and their interactions with the biochemical environment. With sixty-years of combined experience, the authors have learned to emphasize the fundamental materials science, structure-property relationships, and biological responses as a foundation for a wide array of biomaterials applications. The extensively rewritten and updated Biomaterials: An Introduction, Third Edition, includes a new chapter on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, approximately 1900 references to additional reading, extensive tutorial materials on new developments in spinal implants and fixation techniques and theory, systematic coverage of orthopedic implants, and expanded treatment of ceramic materials and implants. All figures have been redrawn and more examples and problems have been included to provide the student with hands-on experience with the concepts

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK HERE

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Biomechanics Principles & Applications - Schneck & Bronzino http://biomedikal.in/biomechanics-principles-applications-schneck-bronzino/ Sat, 05 Dec 2009 16:33:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=176 Biomechanics: Principles and Applications offers a definitive, comprehensive review of this rapidly growing field, including recent advancements made by biomedical engineers to the understanding of fundamental aspects of physiologic function in health, disease, and environmental extremes. The chapters, each by a recognized leader in the field, address the subjects of biosolid mechanics and biofluid mechanics as they pertain to various subsystems of the human body. They also review applications such as sports biomechanics, repair and rehabilitation of body parts, and technology to support or replace ailing physiologic organs with prosthetic parts. A unique feature is the convenient handbook style and tabular format that puts quantitative data at your fingertips. Illustrations further add to the value of this book. The text is concise, topical, and not overly technical. No other book covers the entire field of biomechanics so succinctly in one volume.
  • Hardcover: 312 pages
  • Publisher: CRC; 1 edition (August 29, 2002)
  • Language: English
  • ISBN-10: 0849314925
  • ISBN-13: 978-0849314926
  • Product Dimensions: 10.5 x 7 x 0.9 inches
Download Here
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176 2009-12-05 16:33:34 2009-12-05 16:33:34 open open biomechanics-principles-applications-schneck-bronzino publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263058371 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 4 bryce.gruchy@bigpond.com http://astore.amazon.com/bowflex.series.7.treadmill.sale-20 67.202.119.201 2009-12-14 17:20:34 2009-12-14 17:20:34 1 0 0
BIOMECHANICS-PRINCIPLES & APPLICATIONS BY PETERSON & BRONZINO http://biomedikal.in/184/ Sat, 05 Dec 2009 16:52:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=184

Book: Biomechanics: Principles And Applications, Second Edition Author: Donald R. Peterson, Joseph D. Bronzino ISBN:

0849385342

ISBN-13:

9780849385346

,

978-0849385346

Binding: Hardcover Publishing Date: 2007/09/25 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Number of Pages: 352 Language: English download here
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184 2009-12-05 16:52:56 2009-12-05 16:52:56 open open 184 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263058752 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
WHY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING? http://biomedikal.in/why-biomedical-engineering/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 12:58:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=197
  • EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
  • EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN BIOMEDICAL DEVICES,BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS,HEALTH CARE & PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIES,ACADEMIA & GOVERNMENT.
    • COMBINES BIOLOGY,MEDICINE & ENGINEERING
    • TREMENDOUS POSITIVE IMPACT ON HUMAN HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE
    HOW MUCH FINANCIALLY SECURE IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING FIELD? MEAN HOURLY WAGE OF A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER- $30.97 MEAN ANUAL WAGE -$64,420 RANGE FROM LOWEST 10% - $ 38,250/YR TO HIGHEST 10% -$94,270/YR THIS DATA IS FROM US DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS ARE THE FUTURE OF TOMORROW
    • estimated job growth in biomedical engineering @ 26.1% increase by 2010
    • some estimates make this to about 31%
    • recession never affects this field
    • largest increase of any engineering discipline

    KEY AREAS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

    BIOMATERIALS AND TISSUE ENGINEERING BIOMECHANICS AND HUMAN PERFORMANCE BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS AND IMAGING NEUROENGINEERING BIOSENSING & BIOIMAGING
    • BIOMEDICAL ULTRASOUND & OPTICS
    • BIOSENSORS
    • DRUG DELEIVERY
    • IMAGING & CONTRAST AGENTS
    BIONANOTECHNOLOGY
    • CELLULAR ENGINEERING
    • BIOMATERIALS
    NEUROENGINEERING &HUMAN PERFORMANCE
    • NEUROBIOTICS
    • NEUROINFORMATICS
    • NEUROPHARMACEUTICAL ENGINEERING
    INTEGRATED BIOINFORMATICS
    • BIOINFORMATICS
    • BIOINFORMATION ENGINEERING
    • BIOIMAGING
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    197 2009-12-06 12:58:19 2009-12-06 12:58:19 open open why-biomedical-engineering publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260104459
    CONVERT THE UPPERCASE TO LOWER CASE CHARACTERS IN MICROSOFT WORD http://biomedikal.in/convert-the-uppercase-to-lower-case-characters-in-microsoft-word/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 13:07:18 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=207 select the text then if you will  press shift +f3 then it will change it's case IT'S A VERY USEFUL FUNCTION WHEN YOU WRITE LONG ..................... ]]> 207 2009-12-06 13:07:18 2009-12-06 13:07:18 open open convert-the-uppercase-to-lower-case-characters-in-microsoft-word publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260105083 _edit_last 11062180 HOW TO SAVE TIME WHILE WRITING POSTS!!!!! FOR BEGINNERS http://biomedikal.in/how-to-save-time-while-writing-posts-for-beginners/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 13:22:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=210 WHEN YOU ARE TYPING SOMEWHERE YOUR BOTH HANDS ARE ON KEYBOARD THUS  IF YOU HAVE TO DO SOMETHING WITH YOUR TEXT THEN YOU HAVE TO USE THE MOUSE THIS CAN BE TROUBLE SOME AT TIMES THUS SHORTCUT ARE VERY USEFUL KEY REDUCE TIME IN CUSTOMIZING AND WRITING THE POSTS IN THE BLOG,WEBSITE OR IN MICROSOFT WORD THESE SHORTCUTS ARE REALLY USEFUL FOR BEGINNERS Ctrl+N-Open a new word document quickly. Ctrl+X-Cut- Removes the selection from the active document and places it on the clipboard. Ctrl+O-Opens a previously saved document. Ctrl+C-Copies the selection to the clipboard Ctrl+W-Closes the active window, but does not Exit Word. Ctrl+V-Paste - Inserts the contents of the clipboard at the insertion point (cursor) or whatever is selected. Ctrl+N-Open a new word document quickly. Ctrl+X-Cut- Removes the selection from the active document and places it on the clipboard. Ctrl+O-Opens a previously saved document. Ctrl+C-Copies the selection to the clipboard Ctrl+W-Closes the active window, but does not Exit Word. Ctrl+V-Paste - Inserts the contents of the clipboard at the insertion point (cursor) or whatever is selected. Ctrl+S-Saves the active document with its current file name, location and format. Ctrl+A-Selects all text and graphics in the active window. Ctrl+P-Prints the active file, also gives the opportunity to change print options Ctrl+F-Find - Searches for specified text in the active document Alt+F4-Exit - Closes Microsoft Word. Ctrl+B-Bold - Formats selected text; make text bold, or remove bold formatting Ctrl+Z-Undo the last action. This selection can be repeated several times. Ctrl+I-Italic - Formats selected text; make text italic or remove italic Ctrl+Y-Redo - After an action has been undone, it can be reinstated in the document. Ctrl+U-Underline - Formats selected text; make text underlined or remove underline]]> 210 2009-12-06 13:22:26 2009-12-06 13:22:26 open open how-to-save-time-while-writing-posts-for-beginners publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260107103 Young INDIAN Researcher Award 2010 http://biomedikal.in/young-indian-researcher-award-2010/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 14:53:35 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=213 Description- This Scheme is instituted by the Lady Tata Memorial Trust (LTMT) to recognize and reward young Indian scientists with outstanding track record in biological sciences, a deep commitment to find innovative solutions to major problems related to human diseases and potential for high quality research.  Applicants should have publications in well recognized peer reviewed journals of repute and contributed to knowledge generation that has created significant impact in the field of translational possibilities.  The amount of the Award will be Rs.10,000/- per month in addition to regular salary from the host institute. In addition, the Young Researcher will receive a contingency grant of Rs.5 lakhs per annum for meeting the expenses on consumables, minor equipment, international and domestic travel, manpower and other contingent expenditure. The duration of the Award will be initially for three years, extendable further by two years, on a review by the Experts’ Committee. A Money Order of Rs.500/- being Processing Fee (non-refundable) should be forwarded in favour of the Lady Tata Memorial Trust. Organizer Lady Tata Memorial Trust, Mumbai Last Date for Receiving Applications: February 1, 2010 Tentative Interviews: March 1, 2010 Commencement of research: April 1, 2010 Website: Sir Dorabji Tata Trust]]> 213 2009-12-06 14:53:35 2009-12-06 14:53:35 open open young-indian-researcher-award-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260111595 _edit_last 11062180 Scholarship For Technical Training in JAPAN. http://biomedikal.in/scholarship-for-technical-training-in-japan/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 15:05:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=219 DESCRIPTION In association with Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, THE HINDU invites applications for Scholarship for technical training in JAPAN. The number of Scholarships will be three. The terms and conditions are as follows: 1. Candidates must be Indian Citizens, schould not have completed 30 years of age on 31.03.2010 and should be in possession of the minimum Degree of B.E., or B.Sc.,(Engg.) or its equivalent from any recognised university. Candidates who have already had practical experience in the branches for which training is proposed to be given, will be given preference. Candidates with at least one year's professional experience need apply. Those who were interviewed with previous years for the Scholarships need not apply again. 2. The Scholarships are tenable in Japan for principally six months commencing about July 2010. Trainees may have general training in one of the following product fields of Hitachi Ltd., (Hitachi) for Example (1) Power Saystems (2) Railway Systems (3) Idustrial Systems (4) Information and Telecimmunication Systems being subject to the convenience of each of Hitachi's establishments. During the training, there will be special emphasis on environment-related and energy-saving technologies. 3. Trainees shall be, during their training,under the supervision and direction of Hitachi, which has full discretion on scope, mode, duration and place of establishment of their training.Training will not be available in the R&D activities of Hitachi.They will be subject to the rules and regulations and the discipline of the establishment to which they are posted. 4. Selected trainees will be provided with return Economy Class air passage. Arrangements will also be made for free Boarding and Lodging for trainees in Japan, and to defray all expenses for travelling in Japan which may be considered necessary for their training. In addition, each trainee will be paid a monthly fixed allowance to cover his personal expenses. 5. Parents or guardians of selected candidates shall guarantee their good conduct and shall undertake to pay for their repatriation should their conduct be found unsatisfactory by Hitachi Ltd., or any, public authority in Japan or in case the selected candidates desire to discontinue their studies in Japan for any reason whatsover during the period of their scholarships. 6. Applications should be made in duplicate in the forms available on payments of Rs.5/- from offices of The Hindu given below THE HINDU, 859 & 560 Anna Salai , Chennai - 600 002, or the Branch offices of THE HINDU. 7. Completed forms should reach THE HINDU, 859 & 860 Anna Salai, Chennai - 600 002, Superscribed " THE HINDU - HITACHI TRAINING SCHEME," before above mentioned date. Branch Office addresses
    THE HINDU 3rd Floor,PTI Building 4.Parliment Street , New Delhi - 110 001 THE HINDU Kasturi Building Jamshedji Tata Road Mumbai - 400 020
    THE HINDU 19 & 21 Bhagwan Mahaveer Road, Infantry Road Bangalore - 560 001 THE HINDU 23-9-655/1 Jeppu Mangalore -575 001
    THE HINDU LMJ Chambers, I Floor 15C Hemanta Basu Sarani, Kolkata - 700 001 THE HINDU No.19, & 20 A.T.T. Colony L.I.C.Road Coimbatore - 641 018
    THE HINDU Chennai Bye-pass Road.(NH45) Senthaneerpuram Tiruchirapalli - 620 004 THE HINDU 147/2A Eighty Feet Road K.K.Nagar Madurai - 625020
    THE HINDU 6-3-879 & 879 B,Begumpet Public Road Hyderabad-500 016 THE HINDU 50-19-9, T.P.t Colony Seethammadhara Visakhapatanam - 530 013
    THE HINDU 55-1-4,100 Feet Road Industrial Estate Auto Nagar Vijayawada - 520 007 THE HINDU NH Bye Pass Road Vytilla Junction Post Box No.1971 Kochi - 682 019
    THE HINDU T.C.No.36/1946(1), Airport Road Vallakkadavu Thiruvananthapuram - 695 008 THE HINDU 135, I Floor Mission Street Pondicherry - 605001
    ]]>
    219 2009-12-06 15:05:28 2009-12-06 15:05:28 open open scholarship-for-technical-training-in-japan publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260111931
    Techstar-2009 - National Level Technical Paper Presentation Contest (date extended till 31st january 2010) http://biomedikal.in/techstar-2009-national-level-technical-paper-presentation-contest/ Sun, 06 Dec 2009 15:18:46 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=221 DESCRIPTION The purpose of the Paper Presentation Contest is to encourage students to experience the Research in the topics given for the contest and to give them an opportunity to participate and let them have exposure to the industry experts and fellow contestants.This activity helps the contestants to boost their confidence which may help in lot of other areas. Participation Criteria: There is no registration fee for participation This contest is open for all engineering, science and management students in India viz., BE / B Tech, M Tech, MCA , MSc and MBA . Up to a maximum of 200 best Technical papers will be selected by a Committee of Experts/Jury and selected students will be called at a designated place in Hyderabad For Final contest for participating, final participants will be issues certificate of participation, National Level winners will be awarded cash prizes by the Chief Guests on March 2010 . This event is introduced to develop the presentation skills of the students and provide a platform to expose their new ideas and thoughts regarding the respective subjects. The coordinators reserve the right of rejecting any paper following deviation of the paper from the given format ORGANIZER Honeypot IT Consulting Private Limited WEBSITE TECHSTAR 2009 Last date for Submission of Paper's December 31, 2009 Email Address: betechs@honeypotit.com
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    221 2009-12-06 15:18:46 2009-12-06 15:18:46 open open techstar-2009-national-level-technical-paper-presentation-contest publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263061043 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_skip_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN DELHI/NCR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-delhincr/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 05:26:49 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=225 FRESHER  JOBS  IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING SERVICE ENGINEER JOBS EMPLOYER NAME- Advanced Scan Support Technologies EMPLOYER'S ADDRESS- Advanced Scan Support Technologies Plot no. 76, 59, SMIE, Opposite YMCA Chowk, Faridabad, (Haryana), Pin-121001 India About Employer Company is in the radiology field for last 10-12 years serving the needs of Doctors and Society. At ASST, we understand your requirement and provide solutions by offering best in Diagnostic Imaging Equipment, Spares & Services. We specialize in diagnostic imaging equipments like MRI scanners, C.T. scanners, Color Doppler Scanners, Mammography & all accessories like laser cameras, DICOM solutions etc. We have strategic partners across globe to offer our customer world-class products and efficient service at an affordable price. Required Skills Ready to accept challanges in the demanding diagnostic medical field.Work in a challenging but rewarding atmosphere. Willing to travel new places and meet new challanges. Having good logical reasoning Required Experience: 0-3 years Required Education UG - Diploma - BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING Post Graduation Not Required Job Description The candidate may be a Diploma/ Degree holder. Freshers may also apply. Resposible for maintaining CT Scanners/ MRI Scanner in Haryana, UP, Rajsthan,Punjab and NCR. The job demands extensive travelling. The highest growth in the industry is insured. All the necessary training shall be provided by the company. Handsome salary and perks. Job Location:
    Faridabad
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    225 2009-12-07 05:26:49 2009-12-07 05:26:49 open open biomedical-jobs-in-delhincr publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060972 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 5 pinaki.biomed@gmail.com 59.161.71.239 2009-12-13 11:09:35 2009-12-13 11:09:35 1 0 0 6 kushtripathi20006@gmail.com http://bmeindia.co.nr 2009-12-13 11:52:48 2009-12-13 11:52:48 1 5 0 7 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:52:15 2009-12-30 07:52:15 1 0 0 8 kushtripathi20006@gmail.com http://bmeindia.co.nr 122.162.113.19 2009-12-30 09:36:18 2009-12-30 09:36:18 1 7 0 9 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 59.161.0.125 2009-12-31 06:36:36 2009-12-31 06:36:36 1 0 0
    Biomedical Engineer JOBS DELHI/NCR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-delhincr/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 05:45:10 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=227 INDIAN SPINAL INJURIES CENTRE Location: DELHI KEY SKILLS: BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER INDUSTRY: HEALTH CARE QUALIFICATIONS
    Post Graduation -Others -Post Graduate (Others -Relevant Stream) School & Graduation -BE/B.Tech (Biomedical ) LEVEL
    Middle - Manager, Assistant Manager
    JOB DETAILS
    Role requires handling the work related to Biomedical Engineer.
    ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
    Candidates with sufficient experience in reputed experience in reputed hospitals may apply. Salary commensurate with experience & qualification
    ADDRESS
    Sector C, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi- 110070 Ph: 42255359
    Email:
    hr@isiconline.org
    Web:
    www.isiconline.com
    COMPANY DETAILS
    An ISO 9001, 14001, OHSAS 18001 Certified Organization.
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    227 2009-12-07 05:45:10 2009-12-07 05:45:10 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-delhincr publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113644 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 10 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:49:34 2009-12-30 07:49:34 1 0 0
    convert .doc to .pdf http://biomedikal.in/convert-doc-to-pdf/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 08:57:12 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=229

    Universal Document Converter is the most complete solution for converting from DOC to PDF or graphical files. The underlying basis of Universal Document Converter is the technology of virtual printing. As a result, exporting any document, table or presentation into PDF format is not any more complicated than printing on a desktop printer. download universal document converter foxit pdf creator/reader this is the best reader i have ever used it has all the facilities like adobe acrobat but it is very light on system thus helps by opening the pdf docs in flash of seconds i recommend you to download it you will relish afterwards download foxit]]>
    229 2009-12-07 08:57:12 2009-12-07 08:57:12 open open convert-doc-to-pdf publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260176379 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN KOLKATA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-kolkata/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 15:24:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=233
    Company Name:
    Rabindranath Tagore International Institutte Of Cardiac Sciences
    Experience:
    1 - 4 Years
    Location:
    Kolkata
    Education:
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical, Electrical, Electronics/Telecomunication, Instrumentation
    PG - Post Graduation Not Required

    Company Profile

    Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Cardiac Sciences setup in April 2000 is a Unit of Asia Heart Foundation, a trust that aims to develop a network of Hospitals throughout India, to bring world-class cardiac care facilities within
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Functional Area:
    Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Website:
    http://www.rtiics.org
    Email Address:
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    233 2009-12-07 15:24:03 2009-12-07 15:24:03 open open biomedical-jobs-in-kolkata publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261730208 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 11 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:48:43 2009-12-30 07:48:43 1 0 0
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN MUMBAI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-mumbai/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 15:29:35 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=235 Company Name Rosalina Instruments Location Hyderabad, Mumbai Experience 0 - 5 years Key Skills "Biomedical Engineer" Category • Sales Role • Sales Trainee/ Management Trainee • Sales Exec/ Sales Representative • Business Development Executive Industry Hospitals/ Health Care Salary 1.00 - 1.50 lacs About Company Rosalina Instruments has been a major partner in the field of Radiotherapy Quality Assurance and Radiation Protection for over two decades. The reason why we have chosen manufacturers like IBA Dosimetry, Sweden, Standard Imaging, USA, Lap Lasers, Germany, Advanced Instruments, USA. is, they always had the reputation of providing Innovative and leading edge technology, outstanding application support and reliable service back up and a major contribution to our growth. Our office is centrally located in the Commercial capital of India, "Mumbai" formerly Bombay, with an easy access to major hospitals, cancer clinics and BARC facilities. We have a team of qualified, trained and skilled personnel to handle marketing and support with a sophisticated repair, test and calibration facility that enable us to meet the demands of customers throughout India. Job Description

    1. Required Biomedical engineers for sales and service of Bio medical instruments and hospital/medical equipments.

    2. Even freshers are also welcome

    3. Required for Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Hyderabad.

    4.    Along with the basic salary, attractive incentive offered

    ADDRESS Rosalina Instruments 127 Bussa Udyog Bhavan, T.J. Road, Sewri Mumbai 40015 India Phone: 91-22-2416-6630 Web: www.rosalina.in
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    235 2009-12-07 15:29:35 2009-12-07 15:29:35 open open biomedical-jobs-in-mumbai publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113622 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    BIOMEDICAL IMAGING JOBS IN CHANDIGARH http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-imaging-jobs-in-chandigarh/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 15:42:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=238 ?SERVICE ENGINEER OR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOB Company description: We are one of the leading supplier of Diagnostic Refurbished Medical Equipments in India. We provide Sales, Installation and Service for High quality refurbished medical equipments such as CT Scanners & MRI Systems.
    Service Engineer/Biomedical Engineer
    Required Service engineer for Installation and service of CT Scanners and MRI systems in India.
    Date: 5 November 2009
    City/Town: Chandigarh
    Location: Chand?garh
    Wage/Salary: 8K to 14K pm
    Start: immediatly
    Duration: immediatly
    Type: Full Time
    How to apply: email
    Company: MRI Services
    Contact: T S Bhatia
    Phone: 9216522727
    Fax:
    Email:
    ]]>
    238 2009-12-07 15:42:56 2009-12-07 15:42:56 open open biomedical-imaging-jobs-in-chandigarh publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260200656 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 12 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:47:37 2009-12-30 07:47:37 1 0 0
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN BANGLORE Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-banglore-wockhardt-hospitals-ltd/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 15:54:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=240 JOB DESCRIPTION Trainee -Biomedical Engineering Employer Name: Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd Employer Address: Luna Daniel Wockhardt Hospitals Limited Opposite IIM BANGALORE,Karnataka,India 560076 About Employer Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd is a chain of specialty hospitals in India under the Wockhardt Group. The group is committed to provide with the best medical services in the country and is known for offering a comprehensive and world-class care. Email: URL:    http://www.wockhardthospitals.net,luna.daniel@wockhardthospitals.com Phone: 91-80-66214042 Required Skills: Good knowledge about post Required Experience: 0 - 1 yr Required Education: Relevent qulification about posts
    Employer Name:    Wockhardt Hospitals Ltd Employer Address:    Luna Daniel Wockhardt Hospitals Limited Opposite IIM BANGALORE,Karnataka,India 560076 Email: URL:    http://www.wockhardthospitals.net,luna.daniel@wockhardthospitals.com Phone:    91-80-66214042 Required Skills:    Good knowledge about post Required Experience:    0 - 1 yr Required Education:    Relevent qulification about posts
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    240 2009-12-07 15:54:34 2009-12-07 15:54:34 open open biomedical-jobs-in-banglore-wockhardt-hospitals-ltd publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060892 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 13 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:46:52 2009-12-30 07:46:52 1 0 0
    MEDICAL DEVICES http://biomedikal.in/medical-devices/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 16:35:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=17 equipment includes medical imaging machines, used to aid in diagnosis. Examples are ultrasound and MRI machines, PET and CT scanners, and x-ray machines. ULTRASOUND SCANNER, ULTRASOUND SCAN, ULTRASOUND PATIENT (ULTRASOUND SCANNER) MRI SCANNER,MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI SCANNER) PET SCANNER,POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER (PET MACHINE) CT SCAN, COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNER (CT SCANNER) DIGITAL X-RAY MACHINE (DIGITAL X-RAY MACHINE) 2.)THERAPEUTIC EQUIPMENTS Therapeutic equipment includes infusion pumps, medical lasers and LASIK surgical machines. INFUSION PUMPS, ICU INFUSION PUMP SETS (INFUSION PUMPS) SYRINGE PUMPS, ICU FEEDING PUMP SETS (SYRINGE PUMPS) MEDICAL LASERS, LASERS IN HOSPITALS, MEDICAL LASER MACHINES (MEDICAL LASER) LASIK SURGICAL, LASIK EYE SURGERY (LASIK SURGERY) 3.)LIFE SAVING EQUIPMENTS Life support equipment is used maintain a patient's bodily function. These include medical ventilators, heart-lung machines, ECMO, and dialysis machines. MEDICAL VENTILATORS, VENTILATORS ON PATIENTS (PATIENT VENTILATORS) HEART-LUNG MACHINES, PERFUSION (HEART LUNG MACHINE) DIALYSIS MACHINES, HEMODIALYSIS MACHINES (HEMODIALYSIS MACHINE) 4.)MEDICAL MONITORS Medical monitors allow medical staff to measure a patient's medical state. Monitors may measure patient vital signs and other parameters including ECG, EEG, blood pressure, and dissolved gases in the blood. VITAL SIGNS MONITOR, ECG MONITOR, Spo2 MONITOR,NIBP,IBP MONITORING (VITAL SIGNS MONITOR) 5.)MEDICAL/CLINICAL LAB EQUIPMENTS Medical laboratory equipment automates or help analyze blood, urine and genes. CLINICAL CHENISTRY ANALYZERS (CLINICAL CHEMISTRY ANALYZERS) AUTOMATIC URINE ANALYZER (URINE ANALYZER)
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    17 2009-12-07 16:35:21 2009-12-07 16:35:21 open open medical-devices publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 blogger_blog kush-tripathi.blogspot.com blogger_author kush blogger_04440227f9ecf937f1f29bbdd4708f61_permalink 9075917613952467859 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262113587 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Brain Waves Can 'Write' on a Computer in Early Tests, Researchers Show http://biomedikal.in/brain-waves-can-write-on-a-computer-in-early-tests-researchers-show/ Mon, 07 Dec 2009 17:43:01 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=246 Mayo Clinic campus in Jacksonville, Fla., have demonstrated how brain waves can be used to type alphanumerical characters on a computer screen. By merely focusing on the "q" in a matrix of letters, for example, that "q" appears on the monitor. Researchers say these findings, presented at the 2009 annual meeting of the American Epilepsy Society, represent concrete progress toward a mind-machine interface that may, one day, help people with a variety of disorders control devices, such as prosthetic arms and legs. These disorders include Lou Gehrig's disease and spinal cord injuries, among many others. "Over 2 million people in the United States may benefit from assistive devices controlled by a brain-computer interface," says the study's lead investigator, neurologist Jerry Shih, M.D. "This study constitutes a baby step on the road toward that future, but it represents tangible progress in using brain waves to do certain tasks." Dr. Shih and other Mayo Clinic researchers worked with Dean Krusienski, Ph.D., from the University of North Florida on this study, which was conducted in two patients with epilepsy. These patients were already being monitored for seizure activity using electrocorticography (ECoG), in which electrodes are placed directly on the surface of the brain to record electrical activity produced by the firing of nerve cells. This kind of procedure requires a craniotomy, a surgical incision into the skull. Dr. Shih wanted to study a mind-machine interface in these patients because he hypothesized that feedback from electrodes placed directly on the brain would be much more specific than data collected from electroencephalography (EEG), in which electrodes are placed on the scalp. Most studies of mind-machine interaction have occurred with EEG, Dr. Shih says. "There is a big difference in the quality of information you get from ECoG compared to EEG. The scalp and bony skull diffuses and distorts the signal, rather like how the Earth's atmosphere blurs the light from stars," he says. "That's why progress to date on developing these kind of mind interfaces has been slow." Because these patients already had ECoG electrodes implanted in their brains to find the area where seizures originated, the researchers could test their fledgling brain-computer interface. In the study, the two patients sat in front of a monitor that was hooked to a computer running the researchers' software, which was designed to interpret electrical signals coming from the electrodes. The patients were asked to look at the screen, which contained a 6-by-6 matrix with a single alphanumeric character inside each square. Every time the square with a certain letter flashed, and the patient focused on it, the computer recorded the brain's response to the flashing letter. The patients were then asked to focus on specific letters, and the computer software recorded the information. The computer then calibrated the system with the individual patient's specific brain wave, and when the patient then focused on a letter, the letter appeared on the screen. "We were able to consistently predict the desired letters for our patients at or near 100 percent accuracy," Dr. Shih says. "While this is comparable to other researchers' results with EEGs, this approach is more localized and can potentially provide a faster communication rate. Our goal is to find a way to effectively and consistently use a patient's brain waves to perform certain tasks." Once the technique is perfected, its use will require patients to have a craniotomy, although it isn't yet known how many electrodes would have to be implanted. And software would have to calibrate each person's brain waves to the action that is desired, such as movement of a prosthetic arm, Dr. Shih says. "These patients would have to use a computer to interpret their brain waves, but these devices are getting so small, there is a possibility that they could be implanted at some point," he says. "We find our progress so far to be very encouraging," he says. The study, which is funded by the National Science Foundation, is ongoing.
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    246 2009-12-07 17:43:01 2009-12-07 17:43:01 open open brain-waves-can-write-on-a-computer-in-early-tests-researchers-show publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113526 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_accuracy 0 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Battle of the Sexes: Ovaries Must Suppress Their Inner Male http://biomedikal.in/battle-of-the-sexes-ovaries-must-suppress-their-inner-male/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 12:24:49 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=261 puberty trigger: The KiSS-1 gene, which produces a protein in the hypothalamus, a part of the brain, which regulates metabolic activity. When the protein connects with a receptor on another gene called GPR54, puberty is believed to begin. This knowledge may guide the development of better drugs for treating hormone disorders related to puberty. PITTSBURGH--They're politely called "the awkward years," but anybody who can remember going through puberty knows "awkward" is an understatement. Now medical researchers believe they're close to solving the puzzle of puberty. The awkwardness of growing up is not just a physical phenomenon. It's emotional ... And especially chemical. "Puberty, many people would expect, arises in the gonads and genitals organs. But in fact, puberty arises from the brain," says neuroendocrinologist Tony Plant. Dr. Plant and a research team from Harvard University and the University of Pittsburgh discovered the precise chemical chain reaction that could be the much sought-after puberty trigger. "The brain sends an endocrine signal to the pituitary gland. This makes protein hormones which reaches the ovaries and testes," Plant says. It all begins with a kiss -- the KiSS 1 gene, which produces a protein in the hypothalamus. When the protein connects with its receptor, the GPR54 gene, puberty begins. Dr. Plant says this is the first real handle we've had on the issue of the trigger. With wide variation, that trigger is pulled sometime between ages 10 and 16. But early or late puberty can pose developmental problems, like behavior problems and low self-esteem. Pediatricians have to treat these children with either precocious or delayed puberty. By knowing the exact chemical causes of puberty, medical researchers can now begin developing treatments that can harmonize the process. Right now, the only therapy for puberty disorders is frequent hormonal injections. With this genetic discovery, scientists hope oral medicines can be developed to either enhance or slow puberty where needed. Puberty is the developmental stage where a child starts to become sexually mature. It can occur between ages 8 and 11 for girls, and 9 to 12 for boys. As a child nears maturity, the brain -- specifically the parts known as the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland -- releases chemicals called hormones. The hormones regulate the reproductive organs of both males and females. Girls produce estrogen and progesterone, while boys produce testosterone. Growth hormones also begin to work, causing the body to become larger, sometimes very quickly. The body also makes follicle stimulating hormones, leading to hair growth. All these extra hormones give rise to dramatic changes in the body. The first sign of puberty in girls is breast development. Then hair starts growing in the pubic area and armpits, followed by acne around age 13. Menstruation is typically the last stage to occur. In boys, the larynx lengthens and the voice "breaks" and then deepens. Also, there is growth in the testicles and penis, followed by hair growth in the pubic region and armpits. Acne and facial hair are the last developments. Both girls and boys may also experience strong emotions or mood changes.
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    261 2009-12-11 12:24:49 2009-12-11 12:24:49 open open battle-of-the-sexes-ovaries-must-suppress-their-inner-male publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262113493 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Acoustic Wave Technology Sensors http://biomedikal.in/acoustic-wave-technology-sensors/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 13:34:12 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=264 Acoustic wave devices have been in commercial use for more than 60 years. The telecommunications industry is the largest consumer, accounting for ~3 billion acoustic wave filters annually, primarily in mobile cell phones and base stations. These are typically surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, and act as bandpass filters in both the radio frequency and intermediate frequency sections of the transceiver electronics. Several of the emerging applications for acoustic wave devices as sensors may eventually equal the demand of the telecommunications market. These include automotive applications (torque and tire pressure sensors), medical applications (chemical sensors), and industrial and commercial applications (vapor, humidity, temperature, and mass sensors). Acoustic wave sensors are competitively priced, inherently rugged, very sensitive, and intrinsically reliable. Some are also capable of being passively and wirelessly interrogated (no sensor power source required). Acoustic wave sensors are extremely versatile devices that are just beginning to realize their commercial potential. They are competitively priced, inherently rugged, very sensitive, and intrinsically reliable, and can be interrogated passively and wirelessly. Wireless sensors are beneficial when monitoring parameters on moving objects, such as tire pressure on cars or torque on shafts. Sensors that require no operating power are highly desirable for remote monitoring of chemical vapors, moisture, and temperature. Other applications include measuring force, acceleration, shock, angular rate, viscosity, displacement, and flow, in addition to film characterization. The sensors also have an acoustoelectric sensitivity, allowing the detection of pH levels, ionic contaminants, and electric fields. Surface acoustic wave sensors have proved to be the most sensitive in general as a result of their larger energy density on the surface. For liquid sensing, a special class of shear-horizontal surface acoustic wave sensors called Love wave sensors proved to be the most sensitive. Much work is continuing in developing these sensors for future applications. Download complete article By bill drafts
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    264 2009-12-11 13:34:12 2009-12-11 13:34:12 open open acoustic-wave-technology-sensors publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262113477 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Why measure blood pressure? http://biomedikal.in/why-measure-blood-pressure/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 14:01:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=267 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Conventional (mechanical) sphygmomanometer wit...[/caption] High blood pressure is a very common condition in modern society. It has been estimated that one in five Americans, around 50 million people, suffer from high blood pressure. In general more men than women have high blood pressure, and the number of sufferers of both genders increases rapidly with age. In around 5% of cases of high blood pressure is caused by kidney problems, but the causes of the other 95% of cases are unknown. There are a number of factors such as race, age, obesity, stress, smoking and lack of exercise that can contribute to the likelihood of a person developing high blood pressure but usually no one cause is directly responsible. The majority of people with high blood pressure experience no symptoms, but if left untreated high blood pressure can lead to major health problems. Consequently the monitoring of blood pressure is vitally important in order to detect cases of high blood pressure and treat them early before health problems can develop. Prolonged high blood pressure damages the lining of artery walls, making them thick and stiff. This condition is known as arteriosclerosis. Cholesterol is more likely to cling to the damaged artery walls, narrowing the arteries and thus preventing the blood from flowing through the body properly. The heart has to work harder to compensate for the narrowed arteries. Over time this causes the heart to thicken and stretch, eventually failing to function normally, and causing fluids to back up into the lungs. If the heart cannot work hard enough to compensate for the narrowing of the arteries then less blood can get around the body. Reduced blood flow to the heart can cause chest pain and angina, and eventually the flow may be stopped completely, causing a heart attack. The function of the kidneys is to filter waste from the blood, but if blood flow to them is reduced then they become less efficient and waste builds up in the blood. Eventually they may fail completely, and dialysis or a kidney transplant will be required. High blood pressure can also lead to brain damage and impaired vision. If a blood clot occurs in one of the narrowed arteries leading to the brain a thrombotic stroke may occur. Alternatively the weakened blood vessels in the brain may break due to the high pressure leading to hemorrhagic stroke. A 25-year study of 11,000 individuals has confirmed that young men with high blood pressure are more likely to die from heart disease or other causes than those with normal blood pressure, translating to an estimated shorter life expectancy of two to four years. The researchers called for increased population-wide prevention of increased blood pressure through healthy lifestyle habits and efforts to detect rising blood pressure in children, teenagers and young adults so that control of blood pressure can be started early.
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    267 2009-12-11 14:01:24 2009-12-11 14:01:24 open open why-measure-blood-pressure publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113451 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    The Fourth Heart Sound- Eric S. Williams http://biomedikal.in/the-fourth-heart-sound-eric-s-williams/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 14:50:10 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=270 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Base and diaphragmatic surface of heart.[/caption]

    Definition

    The fourth heart sound is a low-pitched sound coincident with late diastolic filling of the ventricle due to atrial contraction. It thus occurs shortly before the first heart sound. Although it is also called the atrial sound, and its production requires an effective atrial contraction, the fourth heart sound is the result of vibrations generated within the ventricle. Commonly, its presence indicates increased resistance to filling of the left or right ventricle because of a reduction in ventricular wall compliance, and it is accompanied by a disproportionate rise in ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In patients with a fourth heart sound, its palpable correlate is often present: a concomitant brief presystolic outward movement of the chest wall.

    Technique

    The fourth heart sound can be detected occasionally by inspection, commonly by palpation and auscultation, and it can be depicted graphically by phonocardiographic recording. The evaluation of a fourth heart sound arising from the left ventricle is most readily carried out with the patient in the left lateral recumbent position. Inspection and palpation are employed first to identify the apex impulse, where the fourth heart sound is usually most prominent. These techniques are not used just to identify a site for careful auscultation. Instead, they often permit detection of the fourth heart sound's palpable and visible correlates, which reflect late diastolic (presystolic) left ventricular motion. As described later in this chapter, the presence of a palpable fourth heart sound greatly enhances its clinical significance. The presystolic outward movement of the cardiac apex is felt by the lightly applied fingers or hand. When visible, its appearance can be enhanced by shining a light tangentially over the cardiac apex or by taping the end of a small stick at the apical area. Because the fourth heart sound is low in frequency, it is best heard with the bell of the stethoscope placed lightly against the chest wall. Though often soft and most prominent at the cardiac apex, the left ventricular fourth heart sound can be of sufficient intensity to be heard over other precordial areas. The fourth heart sound typically has a dull or thudding quality, and it can be suppressed by applying firm pressure on the stethoscope bell. This latter characteristic can be an aid in distinguishing a fourth heart sound from a split first heart sound, which is of higher frequency and more readily heard with the firmly applied bell or with the diaphragm of the stethoscope. The distinction can be made further by the fact that a split first heart sound is generally detected more widely over the precordium and remains well heard after the patient assumes the sitting or standing position. Maneuvers that heighten resistance to left ventricular ejection (e.g., isometric hand grip exercise) typically enhance the intensity of left-sided fourth heart sounds. A fourth heart sound arising from the right ventricle is best heard with the bell of the stethoscope placed at the lower left sternal border or subxiphoid area. As with other sounds arising from the right side of the heart, the intensity of the sound may be transiently increased during inspiration as a consequence of enhanced right atrial filling. Often, a right ventricular fourth heart sound is accompanied by a prominent "a" wave in the jugular venous pulse. In concert with the first and second heart sounds, a pathologic fourth heart sound yields a characteristic auscultatory cadence that resembles the canter of a horse, hence the designation by some of the pathologic fourth heart sound as an atrial gallop (actually a misnomer since the sound originates in the ventricle). During rapid heart rates, during which diastole is foreshortened, it may be difficult or impossible to distinguish a fourth heart sound gallop from a third heart sound gallop occurring during the rapid filling phase. Moreover, when both third and fourth heart sounds are present during sinus tachycardia, their near-simultaneous occurrence can result in a loud, single summation gallop. In patients with tachycardia, carotid sinus massage (assuming no contraindication to its use) may permit the distinction of third from fourth heart gallop sounds by transiently slowing the heart rate.

    Basic Science

    During sinus rhythm, there are two phases of diastolic filling of the ventricles. The first, or rapid filling phase, occurs passively upon opening of the atrioventricular valves. The second occurs in late ventricular diastole as a result of atrial contraction. It is with this latter active phase of ventricular filling that the fourth heart sound is associated. Although the mandatory relationship of the fourth heart sound with vigorous atrial contraction has been recognized for over a hundred years, the mechanism of the sound's production is not established. It is clear that the sound arises from low-frequency (20 to 30 Hz) vibrations generated within the ventricle, produced, it has been proposed, by the sudden deceleration of active blood flow by the ventricular wall. It follows that conditions leading to increased stiffness of the ventricular wall (and, hence, greater ventricular resistance to inflow) will favor the development of the fourth heart sound. Indeed, reduced ventricular compliance such as occurs, for example, with left ventricular hypertrophy or ischemia, is the most important clinical implication of a pathologic fourth heart sound. In this setting, the delivery of the atrial component of filling to the nondistensible ventricle results in abnormally increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. However, this elevation of diastolic pressure is confined to late diastole (large presystolic wave of the ventricular pressure curve). This is a function of the reduced ventricular compliance and does not necessarily imply reduced systolic function of the ventricle or cardiac failure. The delivery of the atrial component of filling to the noncompliant ventricle leads also to enhanced presystolic left ventricular motion, which may be reflected by palpable presystolic movement of the precordium, and by increased amplitude of the "a" wave as recorded graphically on an apex cardiogram. In patients with normally compliant ventricles, the presystolic ventricular motion accompanying atrial contraction cannot generally be felt at the bedside. Since genesis of a fourth heart sound requires an effective atrial contraction, it does not occur in patients with atrial fibrillation. Also required for the production of a fourth heart sound is the relatively free flow of blood through the atrioventricular valve. Thus, a left- or a right-sided fourth heart sound does not occur in patients with advanced mitral or tricuspid stenosis, respectively.

    Clinical Significance

    The significance of most physical findings must be assessed in the context in which they occur. This is particularly true for the fourth heart sound, as there is considerable controversy about its prevalence in older individuals with no clinically apparent cardiovascular disease. Many renowned clinicians classically considered the fourth heart sound to be an unequivocally abnormal finding in patients of any age. Others, particularly during the past decade, have provided data supporting the common presence of a fourth heart sound in healthy individuals age 50 or more years. Some have proposed that the greater prevalence of fourth heart sounds in otherwise normal older individuals may reflect a physiologic decrease in ventricular compliance with aging. The issue is clouded further by the finding in some blinded clinical trials of considerable disagreement among experienced examiners about the presence or absence of an audible fourth heart sound in individual subjects. The controversy about the clinical significance of the fourth heart sound may be the result, in part, of the diligence with which the sound has been sought (i.e., its intensity) and from the distinction of audible versus phonocardiographically recordable fourth heart sounds, as the latter can clearly be found in many normal older people. Thus, in the bedside assessment of an individual patient, the clinician must consider the patient's age, the presence or absence of other abnormal signs, and the intensity of the fourth heart sound. The clinical significance of an audible fourth heart sound is greatly strengthened by the presence of concomitant palpable presystolic precordial movement (palpable fourth heart sound). A prominent audible and palpable fourth heart sound is almost always an abnormal finding. As described in the Basic Science section, a pathologic fourth heart sound usually indicates reduced ventricular compliance. Commonly, this results from conditions that can lead to ventricular hypertrophy. A left-sided fourth heart sound is frequently present in patients with systemic hypertension, aortic stenosis, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathv. A left ventricular fourth heart sound is common also in patients with coronary heart disease. Here, the decrease in ventricular compliance can be the result of prior myocardial infarction or acute ischemia. The fourth heart sound may become evident, or its intensity may be augmented, during episodes of angina pectoris. A fourth heart sound is an almost universal finding during the early stages of acute myocardial infarction if the patient has sinus rhythm. A fourth heart sound can occur with or without signs of heart failure. It does not per se indicate cardiac decompensation. Right ventricular fourth heart sounds occur in clinical situations in which the compliance of that chamber is reduced. Hence, significant pulmonic valve stenosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension are typically accompanied by a right ventricular fourth heart sound. A fourth heart sound does not always indicate reduced ventricular compliance. A fourth heart sound can also result when filling of a nondilated, normally compliant ventricle is markedly enhanced, as in some patients with anemia or thyrotoxicosis, and in those with acute mitral regurgitation. Prolongation of atrioventricular conduction can also promote the presence of audible fourth heart sound, as the results of atrial contraction are more temporally separated and distinct from the first heart sound.

    References

    Craige E. The fourth heart sound. In: Leon DF, Shaver JA, eds. Physiologic principles of heart sounds and murmurs. New York: American Heart Association, 1975;74–78.
    Denef B, DeGeest H, Kesteloot H. The clinical value of the calibrated apical A wave and its relationship to the fourth heart sound. Circulation. 1979; 60: 1412–21. [PubMed]
    Kino M, Shahamatpour A, Spodlick DH. Auscultatory perception of the fourth heart sound. Am J Cardiol. 1976; 37: 848–52. [PubMed]
    Potain PC. Concerning the cardiac rhythm called gallop rhythm. In: Major RH. ed. Classic descriptions of disease. Springfield: Charles C Thomas, 1965;388–90.
    Rectra EH, Khan AH, Pigott VM, Spodick DH. Audibility of the fourth heart sound. JAMA. 1972; 221: 36–41. [PubMed]
    Tavel ME. The fourth heart sound—a premature requiem? Circulation. 1974; 49: 4–6. [PubMed]
    Von de Werf F, Minton J, Carmeliet P. et al. The genesis of the third and fourth heart sounds. J Clin Invest. 1984; 73: 1400–1407. [PubMed]
    SOURCE-http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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    270 2009-12-11 14:50:10 2009-12-11 14:50:10 open open the-fourth-heart-sound-eric-s-williams publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262113407 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_accuracy 0 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_public 1
    WHAT IS HEADACHE-G. Kim Bigley-RESEARCH IDEAS IN BIOMEDICAL http://biomedikal.in/what-is-headache-g-kim-bigley-research-ideas-in-biomedical/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 15:08:30 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=273 Definition
    Table 54.1
    Pain Sensitivities of Structures in the Head
    Sensitive Insensitive
    Extracranial Skin, muscles, fascia Blood vessels Mucosa of sinuses Dental structures Skull (except periosteum)
    Intracranial Large arteries near circle of Willis Parenchyma of brain
    Large venous sinuses Pia mater, arachnoid mater, parts of duramater
    Dural arteries and parts of dura Ependyma, choroid plexus
    Headache consists of pain or discomfort arising from pain-sensitive structures in the head. These include extracranial structures such as the skin, muscles, and blood vessels in the head and neck; mucosa of the sinuses and dental structures; and intracranial structures including the regions of the large arteries near the circle of Willis, the great intracranial venous sinuses, parts of the dura and dural arteries, and cranial nerves. The cranium, brain parenchyma, ependymal lining of the ventricles, and choroid plexus are all pain insensitive (Table 54.1).

    Technique

    Headache is one of the most common symptoms reported to clinicians and often causes a great amount of concern to patients. The vast majority of headaches result from benign conditions, but because the symptom can represent an early manifestation of a potentially serious disorder, it necessitates thorough evaluation. A systematic history directed to elucidate etiologic factors producing the pain is the clinician's most valuable diagnostic tool and often provides a specific diagnosis.
    Table 54.2
    Classification of Headache
    Vascular headache Myogenic headache Traction headache
    Migraine Chronic myositis Mass lesions
    Classic Cervical arthritis Inflammatory lesions
    Common Psychogenic factors EENT diseases
    Complicated Arteritis
    Cluster Cerebrovascular disease
    Toxic vascular Cranial neuritis TMJ dysfunction
    Headaches can be classified into three general groups based on the mechanisms by which the pain is produced (Table 54.2). Pain in vascular headache is produced by dilatation of cerebral arteries. Myogenic headache, also referred to as tension or muscle contraction headache, results from persistent contraction of muscles of the head and neck. Traction headache is caused by organic diseases involving structures in the head. The following historical topics should be addressed to classify the headache into one of these three groups.
    • Type of pain. Many patients suffer from more than one type of headache. This may result from different etiologic factors or may represent a change in character of a chronic headache disorder.
    • Temporal profile of pain. Acute-onset headaches of severe intensity occurring in a patient without previous history of similar headaches may suggest an organic etiology. The timing of onset and association with sleep or hormonal cycles may be helpful in diagnosis.
    • Characteristics of pain. The location, duration, and quality of pain should be carefully evaluated. Location may be diffuse, either unilateral or bilateral, or localized to specific structures in the head and neck. Vascular headaches produce a throbbing pain; constant pain results from myogenic or traction headaches. The intensity of pain is not a reliable indicator of the seriousness of underlying conditions causing the headache.
    • Prodromes. Neurologic symptoms may precede classic migraine headache. Visual symptoms such as scintillations, scotoma, or hemianopsia are most common; other symptoms, such as hemiplegia or ophthalmoplegia, occur rarely. Patients with common migraine may report vague premonitory symptoms such as malaise or psychic disturbances.
    • Precipitating factors. Association of headache with environmental factors may be helpful in diagnosis. Foods such as alcohol or those containing tyramine or sodium nitrates may precipitate vascular headaches. Some patients report association with menstruation. Medications, including nitrates and other vasodilators, indomethacin, and oral contraceptives can aggravate or induce headache. Occupational factors can produce mechanical influences that aggravate headache. A history of frequent neck movements, exposure to bright lights, or long periods of work at video terminals may be helpful.
    • Associated symptoms. Headache associated with progressive neurologic deficits or seizures can indicate an intracranial lesion. Meningeal signs occurring with an acute violent headache suggest subarachnoid hemorrhage. Migraine is commonly a "sick headache" associated with nausea, anorexia, photophobia, or sonophobia. Autonomic symptoms such as lacrimation, nasal congestion, facial flushing, or Horner's syndrome accompany cluster headaches.
    • Medical history. Headache with onset after head trauma may suggest subdural hematoma. Previous history of malignancy or systemic disease may suggest an etiology of headache. Family history should be investigated because migraine is commonly familial. Prior investigations into a patient's headache, including attempted therapeutic interventions, should be carefully evaluated.

    Basic Science

    Headache can be produced by direct irritation of, or traction on, pain-sensitive intracranial or extracranial structures. Inflammatory conditions such as meningitis produce pain by direct irritation of these structures. Mass lesions including tumors and abscesses cause pain by producing traction on these structures, most commonly on dural vessels or the arteries of the circle of Willis. Factors that increase the pressure produced by such lesions will increase the intensity of pain. Headache produced by this mechanism is worsened by the increase in central venous pressure caused by the Valsalva maneuver. The patient will often note a more severe headache on awakening, which lessens somewhat after an upright position has been maintained for a period of time, due to a slight increase in brain edema induced by periods of recumbency. The pathophysiology of migraine has been extensively studied, and the disorder is believed to result from neurogenic mechanisms. In classic migraine, evidence suggests that an initial phase of intracerebral vasoconstriction leads to focal ischemia, resulting in prodromal symptoms; this is followed by a phase of extracerebral vasodilatation, producing the headache. Changes in the metabolism of several vasoactive amines occur in association with migraine and may play a critical role in inducing the vascular changes. Plasma serotonin levels increase during the prodrome but decrease during the headache. A concomitant increase in platelet aggregation (leading to serotonin release) occurs during the prodrome, followed by a fall in platelet aggregation with the headache. Levels of other substances change during migraine and may be important in its pathogenesis (e.g., polypeptides such as bradykinin, prostaglandins, and endorphins). Local changes in vessels in the scalp occur in the headache phase and may have a role in pain production. A sterile inflammatory reaction has been observed in arteries, and the vessels display an altered reactivity to vasoactive amines.

    Clinical Significance

    A detailed history is of fundamental importance in the evaluation of a patient with headache and should be accompanied by a thorough physical examination. These investigations should be directed at classification of the patient's symptoms into the etiologic categories of vascular, myogenic, or traction headaches (Table 54.2).

    Vascular Headache

    In migraine, cluster headache, and toxic vascular headache, pain is produced by dilation of extracerebral arteries. Patients with migraine suffer from recurrent attacks of headaches that vary widely in intensity, frequency, and duration. The headache is commonly throbbing and unilateral in onset and may vary from side to side. It is often associated with anorexia, nausea, or vomiting. Migraine is more common in females and usually begins in childhood or adolescence. The disorder is often familial. The duration of pain is variable but usually hours to days. Some patients note an association of headache with physiologic or environmental factors. A minority of patients with migraine experience conspicuous transient neurologic symptoms preceding or accompanying the headache. These are termed "classic" migraine headaches. The symptoms are a result of vascular ischemia in localized arterial distributions and are usually visual, but symptoms such as ophthalmoplegia or hemiplegia can occur and are termed "complicated" migraine. Rarely, cerebral ischemia in migraine can be of sufficient magnitude to produce an infarction. The incidence of stroke is increased in the migraine population. Patients with common migraine do not experience conspicuous prodromal symptoms but may report vague autonomic or psychic symptoms. Common migraine can be bilateral. Patients with cluster headache experience unilateral and usually periorbital, intense and severe pain often described as burning or boring. The pain lasts from minutes to hours, often waking the patient from sleep. It occurs in clusters of weeks to months, followed by variable periods of remission. Cluster is associated with unilateral autonomic symptoms such as facial flushing, conjunctival injection and lacrimation, rhinorrhea, and less commonly, Horner's syndrome. Patients are usually males in the fourth or fifth decade, and the disorder is strongly associated with a smoking history. Toxic vascular headache can result from many physiologic or environmental factors that produce vasodilation. Fever is the most common. Drugs including nitrates and other vasodilators, indomethacin, and oral progestational agents can cause this type of headache, as can withdrawal from pharmacologic agents such as ergots, caffeine, amphetamines, phenothiazines, or alcohol. Hypoxia, either as a result of pulmonary disease or altitude, can lead to headache.

    Myogenic Headache

    In myogenic or muscle contraction headache, pain is produced by contraction of muscles in the head and neck. Patients with myogenic headache have constant pain that can be located in any region in the head or neck, most often the occipital area. The pain may be reported in descriptive terms as "like a hatband" or "like a vise." Myogenic headache is extremely variable in frequency, intensity, and duration. Some patients report pain that persists for months or years, despite trials of multiple medications. Myogenic headaches often occur as a reaction to stress or as a somatic manifestation in chemically depressed patients, but can also occur in patients with cervical arthritis or following migraine attacks.

    Traction Headache

    A variety of organic diseases of the head can cause traction headache. Headaches can result from intracranial mass lesions such as metastatic tumors, abscess, or hematoma. Pain overlies the location of mass lesion in about half of such patients and is referred in the remainder. Masses above the tentorium frequently produce pain at the vertex or in the frontal region. Masses below the tentorium produce occipital pain; cervical muscle spasm may be present. Pain related to a cerebellopontine angle lesion is often felt behind the ear. In the presence of papilledema and raised intracranial pressure, localization of the headache is of little value. Mass lesions should always be considered in a patient with headache and papilledema or focal neurologic signs. Headache as a result of intracranial tumors often becomes more intense with Valsalva maneuvers such as coughing, urinating, or straining at stool. Such headaches are often more severe in the morning on awakening and decrease during the day as intracranial pressure decreases with maintenance of upright posture. This contrasts with myogenic headaches, which are often not present in the morning and increase in severity as the day progresses. Conditions that cause inflammation of the meninges result in headache associated with a stiff neck and other signs of meningeal irritation. Headache occurring with a stiff neck and fever should always first suggest the possibility of bacterial meningitis. Other agents that can produce meningeal inflammation include blood, viruses, fungi, or metastatic tumor. Lumbar puncture is diagnostic and should be performed if meningeal signs are present in a patient with headache. Diseases of ocular, aural, nasal, and sinusal or dental structures can produce headache. Headaches resulting from lesions of these structures can be identified by specific symptoms referable to those structures, or localization of pain. Evaluation of a patient with headaches should always include a thorough EENT examination. Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis), polyarteritis nodosa, and less commonly arteritis resulting from other connective tissue diseases can produce headache. Headache in temporal arteritis is throbbing, intense, and persistent, and often is associated with a burning component. Patients may note pain on mastication. Ocular complaints may be the presenting symptoms. Temporal arteritis is a major and preventable cause of loss of vision in the elderly. The sedimentation rate is elevated in these conditions. Patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke can experience headache as a result of cerebral ischemia. Basilar artery insufficiency produces occipital headache, whereas carotid artery insufficiency produces pain more anteriorly. Patients with trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) experience repetitive, intense shooting pains of brief duration in the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. The pain is associated with trigger areas of increased sensitivity. These set off an attack when stimulated. Cranial neuralgias usually occur in middle aged or elderly patients. Rarely the glossopharyngeal nerve is involved, producing pain similar to that of trigeminal neuralgia but localized in the pharynx or tonsillar fossa and often initiated by swallowing. Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint can produce pain localized to the joint or referred to the jaw, neck, or along the distribution of the temporalis muscle. The pain may be associated with crepitance in the joint or limitation of jaw opening; it becomes more severe with chewing or talking. As a general rule, acute-onset severe headaches associated with meningeal signs and headaches associated with progressive neurologic deficits are most worrisome for a neuropathologic lesion. They demand prompt evaluation. Many patients with headache will not fit clearly into any of the categories described. Reassurance, accompanied by nonnarcotic analgesics and follow-up care as needed, are often the most appropriate management.

    References

    Dalessio DJ, ed. Wolff's headache and other head pain, 3d ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972.
    Diamond S, Dalessio DJ. The practicing physician's approach to headache, 3d ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1982.
    Friedman AF. Current concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic recurring headache. Med Clin North Am. 1972; 56: 1257–71. [PubMed]
    Friedman AF. Headache. In: Baker AB, Baker LH, eds. Clinical neurology. New York: Harper & Row, 1979;2:Chap 13.
    Packard RC, ed. Headache. Neurol Clin 1983;1(2).
    source http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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    273 2009-12-11 15:08:30 2009-12-11 15:08:30 open open what-is-headache-g-kim-bigley-research-ideas-in-biomedical publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060819 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Pulse Wave Analysis by impedance plethysmography-PROJECT IDEA http://biomedikal.in/pulse-wave-analysis-by-impedance-plethysmography-project-idea/ Fri, 11 Dec 2009 16:03:35 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=279 impedance of extremeeties such as fingers, arms and legs changes with the blood flow in and out, so this provides another method for plethysmography. The arterial pulse wave has a very low amplitude and is superimposed on the venous blood volume changes. Pulse wave measurements are possible in many locations including the head (this measurement is called rheoencephalography). Pulse waves can also be measured in the fingers and toes with photoplethysmography. The shape of the pulse wave is determined, in part, by the elasticity of the blood vessels. A trained technician can analyze the shape of the curve to get early information about a developing arterial vascular disease. The pulse wave analysis can often detect changes very early, and is noninasive, very easy to use, and one of the most economical techniques available today. The pulse wave is changed by different diseases:
    • Design a circuit for impedance measurement FOR MORE PROJECT IDEAS YOU CAN GO TO MY ANOTHER SITE

    BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

    BY

    KUSH TRIPATHI

    BMEINDIA.CO.NR

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    279 2009-12-11 16:03:35 2009-12-11 16:03:35 open open pulse-wave-analysis-by-impedance-plethysmography-project-idea publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262897180 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    Biomedical Systems Integration Engineer-Biomedical Jobs http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-systems-integration-engineer-biomedical-jobs/ Sat, 12 Dec 2009 04:38:04 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=285 Company Description: Rhythmia Medical, a venture-backed company designing an innovative system to treat cardiac arrhythmias, is targeting one of the fastest growing fields in medical devices. The system includes state of the art signal processing, 3D imaging and catheter fabrication technologies. We are extremely selective in our hiring and employ a small team of super talented individuals whose aim is to have a major impact on developing a breakthrough life-saving technology. Job Description: The Biomedical Systems Integration Engineer will participate in the hardware and software development at the company and be involved in the test, design and development of the company’s bioinstrumentation platform. The platform will include mixed signal, analog, digital and software components with a PC interface. Required Skills and Experience:
    • Strong aptitude for working in a lab environment using digital/analog debug tools and instruments * Knowledge of mixed-signal, analog electronics and signal processing
    • Excellent problem solving skills and ability to work with a cross-functional team to develop solutions to complex technical challenges
    • Must be able to keep detailed laboratory notes and write technical reports
    • Educational or work experience in the field of Biomedical Engineering.
    • Ability to solder and to breadboard circuits and unique hardware interfaces
    • B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering or Physics from a leading institution; good GPA required
    • 3-6 years of industry experience
    • Strong desire to work hard and learn new things
    Desired Skills:
    • Knowledge of circuit board design and layout tools
    • Programming knowledge of C/C++; LabVIEW and Matlab
    • Experience in medical device development
    • Experience working with a 3D imaging modality The ideal candidate will be a self-starter and understand the larger system context.
    The successful candidate will work with a multidisciplinary team of engineers and be involved with the company’s preclinical and clinical work. Title and salary will be commensurate with experience. Rhythmia offers an exciting and fast-paced work environment, and the chance for employees to use their talents to make a real impact in cardiac medicine. We offer a competitive salary and benefits package as well as a highly attractive stock option plan. Interested candidates should send their resume to thisplace
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    285 2009-12-12 04:38:04 2009-12-12 04:38:04 open open biomedical-systems-integration-engineer-biomedical-jobs publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060829 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 14 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:45:53 2009-12-30 07:45:53 1 0 0
    Atrial fibrillation detection by heart rate variability in Poincare plot http://biomedikal.in/atrial-fibrillation-detection-by-heart-rate-variability-in-poincare-plot/ Sat, 12 Dec 2009 04:41:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=283 Background Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is one of the prominent causes of stroke, and its risk increases with age. We need to detect AFib correctly as early as possible to avoid medical disaster because it is likely to proceed into a more serious form in short time. If we can make a portable AFib monitoring system, it will be helpful to many old people because we cannot predict when a patient will have a spasm of AFib.

    Methods

    We analyzed heart beat variability from inter-beat intervals obtained by a wavelet-based detector. We made a Poincare plot using the inter-beat intervals. By analyzing the plot, we extracted three feature measures characterizing AFib and non-AFib: the number of clusters, mean stepping increment of inter-beat intervals, and dispersion of the points around a diagonal line in the plot. We divided distribution of the number of clusters into two and calculated mean value of the lower part by k-means clustering method. We classified data whose number of clusters is more than one and less than this mean value as non-AFib data. In the other case, we tried to discriminate AFib from non-AFib using support vector machine with the other feature measures: the mean stepping increment and dispersion of the points in the Poincare plot.

    Results

    We found that Poincare plot from non-AFib data showed some pattern, while the plot from AFib data showed irregularly irregular shape. In case of non-AFib data, the definite pattern in the plot manifested itself with some limited number of clusters or closely packed one cluster. In case of AFib data, the number of clusters in the plot was one or too many. We evaluated the accuracy using leave-one-out cross-validation. Mean sensitivity and mean specificity were 91.4 % and 92.9 % respectively.

    Conclusions

    Because pulse beats of ventricles are less likely to be influenced by baseline wandering and noise, we used the inter-beat intervals to diagnose AFib. We visually displayed regularity of the inter-beat intervals by way of Poincare plot. We tried to design an automated algorithm which did not require any human intervention and any specific threshold, and could be installed in a portable AFib monitoring system. READ MORE..............
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    283 2009-12-12 04:41:16 2009-12-12 04:41:16 open open atrial-fibrillation-detection-by-heart-rate-variability-in-poincare-plot publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113221 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MRI PHYSICAL PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS -VADIM KUPERMAN http://biomedikal.in/magnetic-resonance-imaging-physical-principles-and-applications-vadim-kuperman/ Sat, 12 Dec 2009 07:39:14 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=292 DESCRIPTION This book provides a synoptic introduction to the key fundamental and operational principles of MRI for medical physicists, radiologists,biochemists, and students. It addresses basic NMR principles, basic imaging concepts, Fourier transform concepts and fundamental applications such as chemical shift imaging, rf pulse design, fast imaging, motion and flow, MR angiography, diffusion, sequence design, and coil concepts.

    Download links

    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK HERE rapidshare easyshare
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    292 2009-12-12 07:39:14 2009-12-12 07:39:14 open open magnetic-resonance-imaging-physical-principles-and-applications-vadim-kuperman publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263246669 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    GATE-INSTRUMENTATION FOR BIOMEDICAL STUDENTS http://biomedikal.in/gate-instrumentation-for-biomedical-students/ Sat, 12 Dec 2009 15:23:47 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=299 GENERAL APTITUDE
    Verbal Ability: English grammar, sentence completion, verbal analogies, word groups, instructions, critical reasoning and verbal deduction. Numerical Ability: Numerical computation, numerical estimation, numerical reasoning and data interpretation.

    Engineering Mathematics

    Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems. Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent' series, Residue theorem, solution integrals. Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis. Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations. Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

    Instrumentation Engineering

    Basics of Circuits and Measurement Systems: Kirchoff's laws, mesh and nodal Analysis. Circuit theorems. One-port and two-port Network Functions. Static and dynamic characteristics of Measurement Systems. Error and uncertainty analysis. Statistical analysis of data and curve fitting. Transducers, Mechanical Measurement and Industrial Instrumentation: Resistive, Capacitive, Inductive and piezoelectric transducers and their signal conditioning. Measurement of displacement, velocity and acceleration (translational and rotational), force, torque, vibration and shock. Measurement of pressure, flow, temperature and liquid level. Measurement of pH, conductivity, viscosity and humidity. Analog Electronics: Characteristics of diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Diode circuits. Transistors at low and high frequencies, Amplifiers, single and multi-stage. Feedback amplifiers. Operational amplifiers, characteristics and circuit configurations. Instrumentation amplifier. Precision rectifier. V-to-I and I-to-V converter. Op-Amp based active filters. Oscillators and signal generators. Digital Electronics: Combinational logic circuits, minimization of Boolean functions. IC families, TTL, MOS and CMOS. Arithmetic circuits. Comparators, Schmitt trigger, timers and mono-stable multi-vibrator. Sequential circuits, flip-flops, counters, shift registers. Multiplexer, S/H circuit. Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog converters. Basics of number system. Microprocessor applications, memory and input-output interfacing. Microcontrollers. Signals, Systems and Communications: Periodic and aperiodic signals. Impulse response, transfer function and frequency response of first- and second order systems. Convolution, correlation and characteristics of linear time invariant systems. Discrete time system, impulse and frequency response. Pulse transfer function. IIR and FIR filters. Amplitude and frequency modulation and demodulation. Sampling theorem, pulse code modulation. Frequency and time division multiplexing. Amplitude shift keying, frequency shift keying and pulse shift keying for digital modulation. Electrical and Electronic Measurements: Bridges and potentiometers, measurement of R,L and C. Measurements of voltage, current, power, power factor and energy. A.C & D.C current probes. Extension of instrument ranges. Q-meter and waveform analyzer. Digital voltmeter and multi-meter. Time, phase and frequency measurements. Cathode ray oscilloscope. Serial and parallel communication. Shielding and grounding. Control Systems and Process Control: Feedback principles. Signal flow graphs. Transient Response, steady-state-errors. Routh and Nyquist criteria. Bode plot, root loci. Time delay systems. Phase and gain margin. State space representation of systems. Mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic system components. Synchro pair, servo and step motors. On-off, cascade, P, P-I, P-I-D, feed forward and derivative controller, Fuzzy controllers. Analytical, Optical and Biomedical Instrumentation: Mass spectrometry. UV, visible and IR spectrometry. X-ray and nuclear radiation measurements. Optical sources and detectors, LED, laser, Photo-diode, photo-resistor and their characteristics. Interferometers, applications in metrology. Basics of fiber optics. Biomedical instruments, EEG, ECG and EMG. Clinical measurements. Ultrasonic transducers and Ultrasonography. Principles of Computer Assisted Tomography.
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    299 2009-12-12 15:23:47 2009-12-12 15:23:47 open open gate-instrumentation-for-biomedical-students publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060863 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Electrocardiographic Rhythms-Biomedical terminology of ECG http://biomedikal.in/electrocardiographic-rhythms-biomedical-terminology-of-ecg/ Sun, 13 Dec 2009 13:15:50 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=303 Normal sinus rhythm This is a normal rhythm, and is not of diagnostic significance unless the rate, which ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, is not appropriate for the clinical setting.

    Sinus tachycardia

    This rhythm differs from normal sinus rhythm only in that the rate is above 100 beats per minute. The differential diagnosis is extensive. Common causes are anxiety; physiological stress such as hemorrhage, dehydration, sepsis, and fever; and hyperthyroidism. Correction of the underlying cause, if necessary, is recommended.

    Sinus bradycardia

    This rhythm differs from normal sinus rhythm only in that the rate is below 60 beats per minute (bpm). This can be a normal finding in young patients, particularly in athletes. It can be caused by medications, including as beta blockers, some calcium blockers such as diltiazem, aldomet, and perhaps digitalis. If there is any concern about this rhythm, consultation with a Cardiologist is recommended.

    Hidden Atrial Activation

    Activation of the atrium by the sinus node can be inferred from surrounding sinus P waves. For example, if the P wave following a ventricular premature complex occurs at the time that would have been expected had the premature complex not occurred, then in can be inferred that the atrium was not activated retrogradely by the premature complex and that a hidden, or obscured, P wave did occur. Such an inference can be confirmed during invasive electrophysiologic study.

    Sinus arrhythmia

    This rhythm is usually a benign finding. It is characterized by variations in the heart rate from cycle to cycle that are greater than would be expected from normal respiratory variation. When pronounced, it can be symptomatic. If there is any concern about this rhythm, consultation with a Cardiologist is recommended.

    Sinus arrest

    This rhythm results from failure of the sinus node to activate the atria. When it is of short duration (less than one to two seconds), it is usually benign. When it is of long duration (greater than or equal to three seconds), it can be life-threatening because of the potential for longer periods of sinus arrest with asystole. It can be caused by medications, including as beta blockers, some calcium blockers such as diltiazem, aldomet, and perhaps digitalis. It can also be part of the sick sinus ("tachy-brady") syndrome, which is one of the leading indications for implantation of permanent pacemakers in this country. If there is any concern about this rhythm, consultation with a Cardiologist is recommended.

    Atrial premature complex

    This is a P wave that occurs earlier than would be expected from the sinus rate, and that usually has an abnormal morphology. It can fail to conduct through the atrioventricular node, in which case it will not result in a QRS complex. As Dr. Marriott observes, "the commonest causes of pauses are non-conducted atrial premature complexes." When it does conduct through the atrioventricular node, it can be conducted aberrantly if it traverses the bundle branches of the His-Purkinje system while one or both is in its relatively refractory period. Aberrantly conducted QRS complexes are wider than normal, and have the morphology of bundle branch block pattern. Atrial premature complexes are a normal finding in adults of all ages. The frequency can be increased during stress, with ingestion of caffeine, and with sympathomimetic drugs such as some over-the-counter cold remedies.

    Atrial couplet

    This is a pair of atrial premature complexes in a row. While it is less common in normal subjects than are atrial premature complexes, it can still be benign. The appearance of atrial couplets should also raise the index of suspicion for susceptibility to atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and supraventricular tachycardia.

    Atrial multiform couplet

    This is a pair of atrial premature complexes, with differing P wave morphologies, in a row. This is unusual in normal subjects, but is itself benign. The appearance of multiform atrial couplets, especially in patients with pulmonary disease, should raise the index of suspicion for susceptibility to multifocal atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter.

    Nonconducted atrial premature complex

    See atrial premature complexes.

    Atrial escape complex

    This is a P wave that occurs later than would be expected from the sinus rate. Like all escape complexes, it can occur only when the normal cardiac pacemaker does not function, as is sinus arrest.

    Atrial tachycardia

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from either an atrial automatic focus or a reentrant circuit that lies entirely within the atrium. It is characterized by a rate more than 100 beats per minute, and a P wave morphology that is usually different from that of the sinus P wave. It can be intermittent or incessant (present more than 50% of the time). When it is incessant, it can cause symptomatic dilated cardiomyopathy that is reversible with control of the tachycardia. This is an abnormal rhythm that can result from digitalis toxicity, particularly when it occurs in combination with Atrioventricular nodal block, second degree, Mobitz type I (Wenckebach). For emergency treatment of this rhythm, when the patient has hypotension, angina, or acute congestive heart failure, synchronized cardioversion with appropriate anesthesia is indicated. For short-term pharmacologic control of this rhythm, drugs that decrease AV nodal conduction (beta blockers, calcium blockers, and diltiazem) may be considered. For long-term treatment of this rhythm, consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended.

    Atrial flutter

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from a reentrant circuit that lies within the right atrium. It is characterized by an atrial rate of 250 to 350 beats per minute, and a ventricular response that is usually about 75, 150, or 300 beats per minute. Flutter waves are best found in ECG leads II, III, aVF, and V1. Sometimes they are located at the onset or offset of the QRS complex, and are best found by comparison with the QRS morphology in a 12-lead ECG recording obtained during sinus rhythm. Even if flutter waves are not found, this rhythm should be suspected when the ventricular rate ranges from 140 to 160 beats per minute and there is no clear evidence of atrial activity. It can occur alone, but is usually associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy, COPD, or congestive cardiomyopathy. The new onset of either rhythm is seen in about 5% of cases of acute myocardial infarction. The clinician may also want to check for congestive heart failure, since worsening CHF can present with these rhythms. For emergency treatment of this rhythm, when the patient has hypotension, angina, or acute congestive heart failure, synchronized cardioversion with appropriate anesthesia is indicated. For short-term pharmacologic control of this rhythm, drugs that decrease AV nodal conduction (beta blockers, calcium blockers, and digoxin) may be considered. For long-term treatment of this rhythm, consultation with a Cardiologist is recommended.

    Atrial fibrillation

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from multiple reentrant circuits within either the right or left atria, or both. It is characterized by an irregularly irregular ventricular rate that is usually rapid in young patients, but may be normal or even bradycardic in elderly patients or patients taking medications that can cause atrioventricular nodal blockade. It can occur alone, but is usually associated with hypertensive cardiomyopathy, COPD, or congestive cardiomyopathy. The new onset of either rhythm is seen in about 5% of cases of acute myocardial infarction. The clinician may also want to check for congestive heart failure, since worsening CHF can present with these rhythms. Digitalis toxicity is suggested by a regular ventricular response (Accelerated junctional rhythm) in combination with atrial fibrillation. In the presence of an accessory atrioventricular pathway, atrial fibrillation can manifest as a rapid, irregularly irregular wide complex tachycardia that can resemble ventricular tachycardia closely. It should be suspected particularly in young patients with very rapid tachycardia that is well tolerated hemodynamically. Close examination of the ECG will reveal irregularly irregular RR intervals. In this case:
    • It is important to obtain a 12-lead ECG before cardioversion because the location of the pathway, and therefore the risks of a subsequent curative catheter-mediated radiofrequency ablation procedure, can be estimated fairly accurately from the 12-lead ECG.
    • DO NOT give digitalis or verapamil to try to slow ventricular response if an accessory pathway is suspected. These drugs can accelerate conduction over accessory pathways, resulting in even more rapid ventricular activation which can, in turn, induce ventricular fibrillation.
    There are four issues related to care of patients with this rhythm:
    • control of the rate of the ventricular response,
    • conversion of the atrial rhythm to sinus rhythm,
    • maintenance of sinus rhythm following conversion, and
    • prevention of embolic stroke from thrombi that form in the fibrillating left atrium.
    Consultation with an Internist or Cardiologist is recommended for advice on these issues.

    Wandering atrial pacemaker

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from multiple ectopic foci in the atria. It is characterized by three or more P wave morphologies and a rate less than 100 beats per minute. It itself is benign, but reflects electrical abnormalities in one or both atria that increase the likelihood of multifocal atrial tachycardia or other atrial arrhythmias.

    Multifocal atrial tachycardia

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from multiple ectopic foci in the atria. It is characterized by three or more P wave morphologies and a rate greater than or equal to 100 beats per minute. It is seen most frequently in patients with severe pulmonary disease. The rapid ventricular rate can be symptomatic (hypotension, angina, congestive heart failure). Treatment includes improvement of the concommitant pulmonary disease, and consideration of adminstration of verapamil. Digoxin is not effective in treatment of this rhythm. Consultation with an Internist, Pulmonologist or Cardiologist is recommended for further advice.

    Junctional escape complex

    This is a QRS with normal morphology for the patient that is not preceded by a P wave and occurs later than would be expected from the sinus rate. Like all escape complexes, it can occur only when the normal cardiac pacemaker does not function, as is sinus arrest.

    Junctional premature complex

    This is a QRS complex that occurs earlier than would be expected from the sinus rate, and that usually has a normal morphology for the patient. It can fail to conduct retrograde through the atrioventricular node, in which case it results in a compensatory pause. That is, the next P wave occurs at the same time as would be expected had the VPC not occurred. More usually, it does conduct through the atrioventricular node, so that the following P wave may occur either sooner or later than would be expected. Junctional premature complexes are relatively uncommon. They can be seen with increased frequency during stress, with ingestion of caffeine, and with sympathomimetic drugs such as some over-the-counter cold remedies. They can also be misdiagnosed when the P wave of an atrial premature complex is obscured by the preceding T wave.

    Junctional premature couplet

    See junctional premature complex. This is an unusual rhythm, and most likely represents two cycles of one of the supraventricular tachycardia.

    Junctional rhythm

    This is a slow rhythm, with rates ranging from 40 to 60 beats per minute, with QRS complexes that have the patient's normal morphology. Usually, no P waves are seen. When P waves are present, they follow closely after the QRS complexes. This rhythm results from the backup pacemaker capability of the atrioventricular node during sinus arrest.

    Accelerated junctional rhythm

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from a focus in or near the atrioventricular junction. The rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute. This is an abnormal rhythm that can result from digitalis toxicity, particularly when it occurs in combination with atrial fibrillation. It can also result from physiologic stress and other causes of increased sympathetic nervous system tone.

    Junctional tachycardia

    This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from a focus in or near the atrioventricular junction. The rate is greater than or equal to 100 beats per minute. See also Accelerated junctional rhythm. This rhythm usually results from a primary arrhythmia rather than as a response to physiologic stimulation. The electrocardiogram usually cannot distinguish this rhythm from the more common types of Supraventricular tachycardia, for which different treatments may be appropritae. Consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended for further evaluation.

    Atrioventricular nodal block, first degree

    This refers to an excessively long PR interval only. All P waves are conducted through the atrioventricular node to the ventricle. By itself, it is a benign condition, but may result from disease in the atrioventricular node, high vagal tone, or medication that reduces conduction through the atrioventricular node.

    Atrioventricular nodal block, second degree, Mobitz type I (Wenckebach)

    This refers to a gradual prolongation of the PR interval, with occasional failure to conduct a P wave through the atrioventricular node to the ventricle. By itself, it is a benign condition, but may result from disease in the atrioventricular node, high vagal tone, or medication that reduces conduction through the atrioventricular node. It is commonly seen in atheletic young patients, particularly during sleep. This is an abnormal rhythm that can result from digitalis toxicity, particularly when it occurs in combination with Atrial tachycardia. It is distinguished from Second degree Atrioventricular nodal block, Mobitz type II by the fact that the PR interval of the P wave that follows the non-conducted P wave is at least 10 msec shorter than the PR interval of the P wave that precedes the non-conducted P wave. Typically, the QRS complex is unchanged from the patient's normal QRS morphology. By contrast, the PR interval does not change in Mobitz type II block. Mobitz type II block is dangerous because it can progress to complete heart block and death without warning.

    Atrioventricular nodal block, second degree, Mobitz type II

    This refers to occasional failure to conduct a P wave through the atrioventricular node to the ventricle without a change in the PR interval after the nonconducted P wave compared with before the nonconducted P wave. This is a dangerous condition because it can progress to complete heart block and death without warning. Immediate consultation with a Cardiologist for placement of a temporary pacemaker is advisable. Placement of an external pacemaker may be lifesaving if a temporary pacemaker cannot be placed immediately. This condition, while dangerous, is very unusual. The QRS complex is usually wide, due to extensive disease of the His-Purkinje system, although a narrow QRS complex does not exclude the diagnosis. The clinician should measure the change in PR interval carefully, as described for Second degree Atrioventricular nodal block, Mobitz type I.

    2:1 Atrioventricular nodal block

    This rhythm is diagnosed when the entire rhythm strip shows only conduction of every other P wave to the ventricle. Because the record does not show two consecutive P waves that conduct to the ventricle, it is not possible to measure prolongation of the PR interval, so that it is not possible to distinguish between Mobitz type I and the dangerous Mobitz type II Second degree Atrioventricular nodal block. By convention, recordings obtained at other recent times are used to make this distinction.

    Third degree (complete) heart block

    This rhythm is characterized by failure of conduction from the atria through the atrioventricular node to the ventricles. The atrial rhythm is independent of the ventricular rhythm, unless an accessory pathway that conducts antegrade is present. It is most easily distinguished from high-grade atrioventricular nodal block when the atrial and ventricular rhythms are regular but have different rates. Because of weak coupling between the chambers by the autonomic nervous system, these rates can be very close to each other and in fact can oscillate around each other. Complete heart block is one of three forms of atrioventricular dissociation. The other two forms are
    • Sinus arrest or sinus bradycardia with junctional rhythm or Idioventricular rhythm.
    • Ventricular tachycardia.
    Of these three forms, only Complete Heart Block results from antegrade conduction block from the atria to the ventricles.

    Ventricular premature complex

    This is a wide QRS complex that occurs earlier than would be expected from the sinus rate, and that almost always has an abnormal morphology. It fails to conduct retrograde through the atrioventricular node in half of patients, in which case it results in a compensatory pause. That is, the next P wave occurs at the same time as would be expected had the VPC not occurred. When it does conduct through the atrioventricular node, the following P wave may occur either sooner or later than would be expected. Ventricular premature complexes are a normal finding in adults of all ages. The frequency can be increased during stress, with ingestion of caffeine, and with sympathomimetic drugs such as some over-the-counter cold remedies. The frequency is also increased in patients with a tendency to develop ventricular tachycardia.

    Ventricular couplet

    Two ventricular premature complexes  in a row. This can be a normal finding, but is more suggestive of electrical heart disease than are single ventricular premature complexes.

    Ventricular escape complex

    This is a QRS that is wide and occurs later than would be expected from the sinus rate. Like all escape complexes, it can occur only when the normal cardiac pacemaker does not function, as is sinus arrest.

    Asystole, Ventricular standstill

    This is diagnosed when only ventricular escape complexes are present, and they occur very slowly. This is an agonal rhythm that is not consistent with life. If you see this, you should initiate Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation immediately.

    Idioventricular rhythm

    This is diagnosed when only ventricular escape complexes are present, and they occur at 20 to 40 beats per minute. This rhythm is barely consistent with life. If you see this, you should consider initiating Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation immediately, and should move the patient to an intensive care unit as soon as possible. DO NOT give lidocaine or any other antiarrhythmic medication for this rhythm. You could cause asystole and death by inhibiting the only spontaneous rhythm the patient's heart is able to generate.

    Accelerated ventricular rhythm

    This is diagnosed when only ventricular escape complexes are present, and they occur at 60 to 100 beats per minute. This rhythm is usually seen in the setting of acute myocardial infarction. If the patient is in sinus rhythm, the rate of this rhythm tends to be about the same as the rate of the sinus rhythm. In this case, the two rhythms will speed up and slow down so that they alternately capture the ventricle, with characteristic periods of fusion QRS complexes during the changes in rate. This rhythm is usually benign. Because it occurs in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, patients who exhibit it are already in an intensive care unit where any malignant sequellae can be treated readily.

    Ventricular tachycardia, General

    This rhythm is diagnosed when three or more premature ventricular complexes occur in a row at a rate of 100-120 beats per minute or faster. The major clinical distinctions are between hemodynamically unstable versus stable ventricular tachycardia and between sustained versus unsustained ventricular tachycardia. Hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia is a life threatening emergency for which the ACLS protocol should be initiated immediately. Synchronized cardioversion is usually the treatment of choice. Awake patients should be sedated heavily before cardioversion if at all possible. Sustained ventricular tachycardia is defined as having a duration of 30 seconds or more, or being hemodynamically unstable. The immediate treatment is specified by the ACLS protocol. For long-term treatment, it is important to realize that these patients have a 20% to 40% sudden death mortality, when untreated, over the 12 months following initial presentation. Empiric treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs does not reduce this mortality. Effective treatment with drugs and/or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator reduces the sudden death mortality over the next 12 months to 0-2%. Therefore, consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended during the initial hospital stay to ensure adequate evaluation and treatment before discharge from the hospital.

    Ventricular tachycardia, polymorphic

    This form of ventricular tachycardia is characterized by changing QRS morphology, sometimes accompanied by slight changes in the rate. It is a particularly malignant form of ventricular tachycardia that is thought to be intermediate between ordinary monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation. For etiology, think of proaarrhythmia , as from type IA antiarrhythmic medications, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, profound bradycardia, and idiopathic prolonged QT syndrome.

    Ventricular fibrillation

    This is a lethal rhythm, characterized by absence of both organized electrical and organized mechanical activity. This rhythm is equivalent to cardiac death. If you see this, you should initiate Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation immediately.

    Bundle branch block

    This term refers to the QRS morphology seen when either the right bundle branch or the left bundle branch fails to conduct from the His bundle to the ipsilateral ventricle. Right bundle branch block is characterized by an "M" pattern in V1 and wide S waves in the lateral leads (I, V6). Complete left bundle branch block is characterized by negative forces (QS or rS) in V1 and positive forces (monophasic R wave with no Q wave) in V6. Incomplete left bundle branch block can manifest as left anterior hemiblock or left posterior hemiblock. Consultation with Marriott's "Practical Electrocardiology", or the ECG textbook of your choice, is recommended for further information.

    Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

    This is a reentrant supraventricular rhythm whose circuit is located in the region of the atrioventricular node. It is characterized by a QRS morphology that is normal for the patient. P waves may or may not be seen, but they follow closely after the QRS if they are seen. Only about 60% of narrow-complex tachycardias have this mechanism. It is important to note that 20% of narrow-complex tachycardias are atrioventricular reentrant tachycardias, which use a concealed accessory pathway for retrograde conduction. The clinical significance of this rhythm depends on the rate. It stops abruptly with effective treatment. The usual initial treatments are the Valsalva maneuver, then intravenous adenosine. If these are unsuccessful, one can try medication that reduces conduction through the atrioventricular node. Consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended for follow-up because this rhythm can now be cured by catheter-mediated radiofrequency ablation.

    Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT)

    This is a reentrant supraventricular rhythm whose circuit includes both the atrium and the ventricle, and that uses an accessory atrioventricular pathway for at least one limb of the circuit. "Orthodromic" AVRT, which is the most common form, proceeds antegrade (from atrium to ventricle) over the AV node, and retrograde over an accessory pathway. "Antedromic" AVRT proceeds in the reverse direction, and has is a wide QRS tachycardia except when the accessory pathway is located in the right anteroseptal location very close to the His bundle. When multiple pathways are present, it is also possible for the circuit to use two pathways as a circuit. P waves may or may not be seen, but they usually do not follow closely after the QRS if they are seen. The clinical significance of this rhythm depends on the rate. It stops abruptly with effective treatment. The usual initial treatments are the Valsalva maneuver, then intravenous adenosine. If these are unsuccessful, one can try medication that reduces conduction through the atrioventricular node, except that verapamil and digitalis SHOULD NOT BE GIVEN. Consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended for follow-up because this rhythm can now be cured by catheter-mediated radiofrequency ablation.

    Supraventricular tachycardia

    This is a generic name for a variety of specific supraventricular rhythms, including Atrioventricular Reentrant Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia, and Atrial Tachycardia. It is also used in reference to any narrow complex rhythm to distinguish it from wide-complex rhythms that could arise in the ventricle. In addition to the specific rhythms mentioned above, this use of the term includes atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, junctional tachycardia, accelerated junctional rhythm, and multifocal atrial tachcyardia,

    Parasystole

    The rhythm that results from intermittent capture of the ventricle by a ventricular focus that has entrance block. That is, it is not depolarized when the remainder of the ventricle is activated. The rhythm is characterized by premature ventricular complexes with variable coupling intervals (intervals from the preceding normal QRS complex to the premature complex) and with constant intervals between the premature complexes. Detection of the latter constancy usually requires finding the least common denominator of the intervals between premature complexes, because of the intermittency of ventricular capture by the focus. This rhythm is rare. It is usually considered benign, although any premature ventricular activation can induce malignant ventricular rhythms in the ischemic myocardium or in the presence of a suitable myocardial subtrate.

    Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

    The term used to describe the presence of one or more accessory atrioventricular pathways that conduct in the antegrade direction, with or without retrograde conduction. Patients with this syndrome are susceptible to atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia and atrial fibrillation.

    Reciprocal complex

    A QRS complex that is caused by activation of a reentrant circuit rather than by the sinus node. This can be harbinger of atrioventricular nodal tachycardia or atrioventricular tachycardia.

    Retrograde atrial activation

    A P wave that occurs because of activation of a portion of the heart below the sinus node, including elsewhere in the atrium, the atrioventricular node (via the fast or a slow AV nodal pathway) or the ventricle (via an accessory pathway). Retrograde P waves typically are inverted in the inferior and right precordial ECG leads (II, III, aVF, and V1), in which the normal sinus P wave is upright.

    Atrioventricular dissociation

    This term refers to a group of three categories of rhythms in which the atrial and ventricular rhythms are unrelated to each other. The three categories are:
    • Third degree (complete) heart block.
    • Sinus arrest or sinus bradycardia with junctional rhythm or Idioventricular rhythm.
    • Ventricular tachycardia.
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    303 2009-12-13 13:15:50 2009-12-13 13:15:50 open open electrocardiographic-rhythms-biomedical-terminology-of-ecg publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113097 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    U.S RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP FOR INDIAN RESEARCHERS-BIOMEDICAL OPPURTUNITIES http://biomedikal.in/u-s-research-fellowship-for-indian-researchers-biomedical-oppurtunities/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 06:22:18 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=308 DESCRIPTION The Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) In association with Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of Department of Science and Technology (DST) announced the Indo-US Research Fellowships.This is an effort to augment scientific excellence in ernerging areas of science and technology, The objective of the fellowship is to enable young researchers from India to carry out research in frontier areas of science and technology at a premier institution in USA. The fellowship will enable early and mid career Indian researchers to acquaint themselves with new scientific research methods and at the same time build strong oilaborative linkages between the scientific communities of US and India. ELIGIBILITY Master's Degree in Engineering, Technology or equivalent or Ph.D. In Science or Technology or equivalent or M.D. Degree in Medicine or equivalent. Applicants must provide proof of independent research work in internationally recognized academic journals AGE Upto 40 years as on 31 December 2009 AREAS COVERED UNDER FELLOWSHIP- - Atmospheric and Earth Sciences - Chemical Sciences - Engineering Sciences - Life Sciences - Medical Sciences - Mathematical and Computational Sciences - Physical Sciences & more. FELLOWSHIP INCLUDES Monthly stipend ,Return airfare , Preparatory allowances & Conference allowances FELLOWSHIP DURATION Minimum 3 months and upto 12 months APPLICATION DEADLINE December 31, 2009 EMAIL ADDRESS fellowship@indousstf.org WEBSITE INDO U.S RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP
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    308 2009-12-14 06:22:18 2009-12-14 06:22:18 open open u-s-research-fellowship-for-indian-researchers-biomedical-oppurtunities publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262113073 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Nanoholes and Nanoparticles: Applications to Biomedical Microdevices http://biomedikal.in/nanoholes-and-nanoparticles-applications-to-biomedical-microdevices/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:16:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=313 lab-on-a-chip instruments that integrate multiple laboratory functions together with microfluidic sample manipulation. Biomedical microdevice and systems research is an exciting multi-disciplinary field intersecting engineering, physics, chemistry, nanotechnology and biotechnology. Micromachining, originally based in the microelectronic industry, forms the foundation for this exciting field, in which biosensors, microchannel fluid transport, and other micro mechanical, optical, chemical, and fluidic components are fabricated and integrated for applications ranging from monitoring biofluid levels and bed side rapid diagnosis to studying single cell antibody production. Furthermore, micromachining can be combined with nanostructures or nanomaterials to result in new technologies and techniques that continue to advance the field in new ways. The Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) at Simon Fraser University (SFU), under the direction of Professor Bonnie Gray, develops a wide variety of biomedical microdevice and system technologies and techniques. While conventional silicon is still employed, micromachining of polymers and glass has taken center stage driven by applications in biomedicine and biology. Polymers can be employed for highly flexible microinstrumentation that can conform to the body or other surfaces, that is optically transparent, biocompatible, with inexpensive prototyping and easy micropatterning (e.g., micromolding, uv-light photopatterning). Glass is similarly optically transparent and biocompatible, and makes an excellent substrate for polymer microstructures. Researchers at Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) are developing free-standing snap-together polymer microfluidic systems with flexible electronic interconnect and on-board microactuators for micropumps and valves. While thin film metal-on-polymer techniques have been successfully demonstrated for electronic routing1, another approach avoids mechanical materials mismatch by employing hybrid combinations of insulating polymers with conductive nanocomposite polymers (C-NCPs). While flexible polymers are inherently electrically insulating, conducting nanoparticles added to a polymer matrix result in conduction once the percolation threshold has been reached2. The Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) is developing new techniques to micropattern complete functional systems using hybrid combinations of conducting and nonconducting polymers (Figure 1). In addition to conductive polymers, magnetic polymers can be realized with the addition of magnetic nanoparticles to a flexible polymer matrix. Such magnetic polymers are employed by Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) for assisting in micro peg-in-hole chip-to-chip microassembly3, or on-chip fluid manipulation4.
    Figure 1. Flexible conductive nanocomposite polymer embedded in an insulating flexible polymer circuit board for microfluidic component.
    Nanotechnology also features in the development of novel biosensors integrated with microfluidics at Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL). One new sensor is based on the modification in light transmission through an array of nanoholes using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). A surface plasmon is a wave along the interface of a dielectric and a metal5, with a periodic array of nanoholes dramatically enhancing certain wavelengths of transmitted light while attenuating others6. Transmission SPR sensors can be employed to detect changes in surface chemistry, such as the adsorption of a biological species to the metal nanohole surface, resulting in a shift in wavelength at which surface plasmons excite and peak of transmission. By integrating the nanohole arrays with microfluidics, samples can be easily flowed past the sensor7 (Figure 2).
    Figure 2. Top down photograph of enclosed microchannel with integrated snap-in-place interconnect structures and gold nanohole array. The inset shows a close-up scanning electron microscope image of a nanohole array with period = 500 nm.
    Furthermore, Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) researchers are trapping large arrays of individual cells to monitor single cell antibody response. Antibodies emanating from each cell attach to adjacent SPR sensors, one per cell, resulting in changes in surface plasmon generation and transmission. This collaboration between engineers, physicists, chemists, and immunologists employs microfluidics and nanotechnology to help understand immunological processes through real-time monitoring of individual cells. In addition to the SPR nanohole array sensor, nanotechnology and microfabrication are jointly employed by Microinstrumentation Lab (µiL) researchers for flexible electroenzymatic sensors for monitoring tear glucose levels (Figure 3)8, which are approximately 1/40 of blood glucose levels but do not require painful pin prick blood sampling. The sensors are fabricated on flexible polymer substrates suitable for implantation in contact lenses, with active electrode surfaces modified with combinations of nanostructured surfaces and enzyme immobilization of glucose oxidase, which produces an electronic signal that is proportional to glucose level.
    Figure 3. Flexible gold-on-polymer electroenzymatic glucose sensors.

    Reference

    1. J.N. Patel, B. Kaminska, B.L. Gray, B.D. Gates, “A sacrificial SU-8 mask for direct metallization on PDMS”, Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 19:11, 115014 (10pp), 2009. 2. A. Khosla, B.L. Gray, “Preparation, Characterization, and Micromoulding of Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube Polydimethylsiloxane Conducting Nanocomposite Polymer”, Materials Letters, 63:13-14, pp. 1203-1206, 2009. 3. S. Jaffer, B.L. Gray, D.G. Sahota, M.H. Sjoerdsma, "Mechanical assembly and magnetic actuation of polydimethylsiloxane-iron composite interconnects for microfluidic systems", Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 6886, January 2008, 12 pages. 4. A. Khosla, B. L. Gray, D. B. Leznoff, J. Herchenroeder, D. Miller, “Fabrication of integrated permanent micromagnets for microfluidic systems”, accepted to SPIE Photonics West, January 2010, San Jose. 5. R. Gordon, A.G. Brolo, K.L. Kavanagh, D. Sinton, J. Pond, “Understanding the extraordinary optical properties of nanohole arrays in metals,” Photons, vol. 2, pp. 15-18, 2004. 6. T.W. Ebbesen, H.J. Lezec, H.F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, P.A. Wolff, “Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays,” Nature, vol. 391, pp. 667-669, 1998. 7. S. M. Westwood, B. L. Gray, S. Grist, K. Huffman, S. Jaffer, K. L. Kavanagh, “SU-8 Polymer Enclosed Microchannels with Interconnect and Nanohole Arrays as an Optical Detection Device for Biospecies”, IEEE 30th Annual Engineering in Medicine and Biology Conference, Vancouver, August 2008, 4 pages. 8. J. Patel, B. Kaminska, B. L. Gray, B. D. Gates, “SU-8 as a peel-off mask for reliable metallization on PDMS for an electro-enzymatic glucose sensor”, Fifth International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology, Quebec City, April 2009.
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    313 2009-12-14 11:16:52 2009-12-14 11:16:52 open open nanoholes-and-nanoparticles-applications-to-biomedical-microdevices publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060551 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1260789424 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    FIGHT CANCER GO EASY http://biomedikal.in/fight-cancer-go-easy/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:20:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=315 Scientists from University of Strathclyde have devised a novel way to harness natural vitamin E extract that would kill tumours within 10 days.

    Using a new delivery system, the research team could mobilise an extract from Vitamin E, known ton have anti-cancer properties, to attack cancerous cells.

    In the study conducted over skin cancer, the researchers found that tumours started to shrink within 24 hours and almost vanished in ten days.

    They believe the tumours might have been completely destroyed if the tests had continued for longer.

    When the tumours regrew, they did so at a far slower rate than previously.

    "We could see that it was very promising. Of course, this is just the first experiment done but it is very exciting," the Scotsman quoted Dr Christine Dufes, a lecturer at the Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, as saying.

    Previous studies have found that the extract – tocotrienol, from palm oil, one of the developing world''s most widely-grown products – has tumour-fighting properties.

    In the new study, team developed a formulation of tocotrienol that could be specifically delivered to tumours intravenously.

    They encapsulated it in a compound called transferrin, a protein that transports iron through the blood. The treatment was then tested on mice.

    The researchers found that the formulation led to tumours shrink within one day of treatment.

    And the cancers had nearly disappeared within ten days – the length of time the researchers were allowed to carry out their experiments under strict trial rules.

    "We demonstrated that the intravenous administration of tocotrienol, entrapped in a tumour-targeted delivery system, leads to a fast tumour regression without visible secondary effects on healthy tissues,” said Dufès.

    The research has been published in the Journal of Controlled Release.

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    315 2009-12-14 11:20:08 2009-12-14 11:20:08 open open fight-cancer-go-easy publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262113016 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1260789609
    Nanosensors Can Scan Blood for Cancer Biomarkers-This has been achieved in whole blood for the first time http://biomedikal.in/nanosensors-can-scan-blood-for-cancer-biomarkers-this-has-been-achieved-in-whole-blood-for-the-first-time/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:24:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=317 Yale University has recently announced that it has developed a new series of nanosensors, a class of devices that is able to analyze whole blood samples, and detect the presence of cancer biomarkers in them. The latter are chemical agents that tumors and cancer cells produce, and their existence in the body can only mean one thing. The amazing achievement could soon enable physicians to cut the cancer-detection process short, leaving more time for the actual treatments.
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    “Nanosensors have been around for the past decade, but they only worked in controlled, laboratory settings. This is the first time we've been able to use them with whole blood, which is a complicated solution containing proteins and ions and other things that affect detection,” the Yale Harold Hodgkinson Professor of Engineering & Applied Science, Mark Reed, explains. He has also been one of the co-leaders of the investigation, alongside Associate Professor of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering Tarek Fahmy, also from the university. Biomarkers that are usually produced in prostate and breast cancer were the main targets of the new investigation. The team constructed the nanosensors out of nanowires, a feat that enabled them to detect and measure the concentrations of both types of markers. This was only made possible by a revolutionary, new device the Yale group designed. The filter captures antigens specific to prostate and breast cancer on a small chip, while washing away all of the excess blood. This allows for a highly accurate detection process, the experts say. “Doctors could have these small, portable devices in their offices and get nearly instant readings. They could also carry them into the field and test patients on site,” Fahmy believes. “The advantage of this technology is that it takes the same effort to make a million devices as it does to make just one. We've brought the power of modern microelectronics to cancer detection,” Reed adds. Details of the innovative system appear online, in the December 13 advanced issue of the respected scientific journal Nature Nanotechnology. Scientists from the Cornell University and the Harvard University have also been involved in the work.
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    317 2009-12-14 11:24:17 2009-12-14 11:24:17 open open nanosensors-can-scan-blood-for-cancer-biomarkers-this-has-been-achieved-in-whole-blood-for-the-first-time publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262112911 email_notification 1260789858 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    DIFFERENT ROLES OF A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER IN JOBS http://biomedikal.in/different-roles-of-a-biomedical-engineer-in-jobs/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:31:12 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=319 medical community. The knowledge, inventions, and people that are behind many biomedical engineering jobs are responsible for improving lives across the globe by creating new theories on life systems or designing medical instruments. The contributions made by those employed in biomedical engineering jobs are countless: minuscule devices to inhibit cell growth; artificial bones, tendons, and discs; highly sensitive monitors and medical imaging systems; artificial hearts; synthetic blood; medical robotics; and tissue engineering – to name just a few. There are three areas where biomedical engineering jobs seem to originate: research, design, and instruction. Each has specific duties and specialized fields of work. It is up to the individual to decide which area interests her most. Biomedical research is a broad term. Biomedical engineers who fall in the research category must use utilize a wide range of knowledge in their everyday jobs, pulling from mechanical, chemical and electrical engineering backgrounds. In addition, it is important to understand all aspects of living systems, including anatomy and physiology. For those who are interested in biomedical engineering jobs with an emphasis in design, medical devices will become their primary focus. They will work to design artificial limbs, organ, special surgical lasers, and high tech machines. They will also build systems to keep hospitals, labs, and clinic current with the various procedures. In addition, those involved in the design aspect of biomedical engineering may teach staff how to use the new devices that they created. The third facet of biomedical engineering is instruction. There are jobs available on the university level. Those who accept biomedical engineering jobs and an instructor will teach classes, advise students, join committees related to biomedical engineering, and become involved in university research projects. Luckily, there are additional biomedical engineering jobs that are specific to a given area, yet falling amongst one of the three categories mentioned above. For example, a bioinstrumentation engineer will create devices that are used to analyze and treat various diseases. Computers – from microprocessors to microcomputers involved in medical imaging - are a valuable part to those involved in bioinstrumentation. Other biomedical engineering jobs include biomaterials engineers, biomechanics engineers, clinical engineers, and systems physiology engineers. Biomaterials engineers research and develop artificial materials that are used inside the human body to make sure they are compatible and not toxic. Biomechanics engineers use the laws of mechanics to study the way fluids work inside the body and study the way mechanics is applied to medical problems. Clinical engineers purchase medical devices and instruments for hospitals and work with doctors to ensure that the equipment meets their needs. Systems physiology engineers use engineering strategies and techniques to understand a wide range of living organisms – from viruses to people.
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    319 2009-12-14 11:31:12 2009-12-14 11:31:12 open open different-roles-of-a-biomedical-engineer-in-jobs publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060535 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1260790273 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    What Does a Biomedical Equipment Technician Do? http://biomedikal.in/what-does-a-biomedical-equipment-technician-do/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:34:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=322 322 2009-12-14 11:34:56 2009-12-14 11:34:56 open open what-does-a-biomedical-equipment-technician-do publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260790511 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1260790503 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 What Is Biomedical Informatics? http://biomedikal.in/what-is-biomedical-informatics/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:39:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=325 scientific discipline, has its roots in the early 1970s. It encompasses the fields of bioinformatics, medical imaging, health informatics, and several other disciplines. In recent years, this biological field has experienced explosive growth, due to public access to massive amounts of data generated from the Human Genome Project. A host of other complementary research efforts have also contributed to the knowledge base. This synergistic blend of multiple branches of biology, combined with information technology and knowledge, has enabled researchers and clinicians to utilize an array of information to advance biological research and healthcare. The integration of information technology and biomedical knowledge has paved the way for impressive breakthroughs in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors. Health-related events, such as modeling, identifying DNA sequences, analyzing protein structures, and manipulating data, may be performed effortlessly and with remarkable speed. The breath and depth of ground-breaking information and understanding of the human organism, and its environment, covers the entire gamut. The accumulation and application of data and knowledge range from molecular exchanges and cell communication to personal genotypes and group populations. Many life sciences professionals expect volumes of pioneering knowledge emanating from various projects to revolutionize the health field. Perhaps the most significant application of biomedical informatics is likely to be in personalized medical care. Utilizing traditional health data already included in personal medical records, individual phenotype information, and other sources, clinicians can deliver better healthcare services. They may also position themselves to be more pro-active and better able to detect diseases in the early stages of development. Another benefit derived from the progress of biomedical informatics is the ability for healthcare professionals to create lucid and sophisticated medical evaluations of individuals. Profiles can be made available to patients and their healthcare providers. Some people may even choose to exploit this information in other areas of their lives, including nutritional options, lifestyle decisions, employment choices, and identification of prenatal diseases. Other goals inherent in biomedical informatics include the promotion of breakthroughs and innovations in diagnostic and remedial techniques. These accomplishment are not only capable of improving the healthcare system, but may also create greater effectiveness and efficiencies throughout the industry. As the field of biomedical informatics matures, proponents have the broader objective of further consolidation and development of this scientific branch. This could be accomplished by researchers continuing to study and decipher the abundance of biological data that is available. The refinement and creation of innovative algorithms, specialized software, and automated processes can also help. In the post-genome period, the challenge remains to make significant progress in the delivery of personalized medical services and to lower costs. This could be accomplished with the commitment and support of the entire healthcare industry to making wide spread use of the data, knowledge, and clinical computing systems that are available.
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    325 2009-12-14 11:39:37 2009-12-14 11:39:37 open open what-is-biomedical-informatics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060431 email_notification 1260790788 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    What Is Clinical Informatics? http://biomedikal.in/what-is-clinical-informatics/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 11:42:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=327 health care industry. It blends information technology, computer science and biomedical informatics. Clinical informatics is a field that is constantly striving to make information more accessible in the simplest way. It involves storing, managing and accessing important health records. Clinical informatics uses technology and computers to store data at an institution such as a hospital, doctor’s office or other health care facility. Since there are so many papers and files to process at any medical setting, an efficient system for keeping track of it all is required. Medical informatics becomes a way to organize and process the information. Examples of information stored in health informatics include disease research, patient backgrounds, statistics and treatment plans. Clinical computing is typically the easiest way to store the required information. This use of technology allows not just for the entry of facts and figures, but for the automatic recording of a patient’s vital health statistics, such as temperature or blood pressure, into his or her electronic medical records. Clinical informatics can also be used to communicate between doctors at different hospitals or clinics. Through a process known as telemedicine, doctors can exchange pictures of medical conditions across the globe. Imaging is another procedure that relies heavily on health care informatics. This involves a CT scanner, which uses software algorithms to recreate a three-dimensional image of the body parts. Bioinformatics also highlights, graphs and charts the body’s natural processes through a convenient data display, making it simple for doctors to review an individual patient’s chart. This leads to the use of clinical informatics as a way to determine decisions about treatments. Information technology makes it possible for immediate feedback to be available about which drugs should be administered to the patients based on their condition, symptoms, previous reactions and allergies. Since clinical informatics is a multidisciplinary field, it combines data representation, cognitive science, policies, telemedicine and data discovery. The ability to quickly and efficiently retrieve information makes the creation of one organized database indispensable. Clinical informatics provides for this and makes the representation and interpretation of complex medical terms quite simple. Cognitive science comes into play to help those in the medical community understand, process and perceive artificial intelligence and computing. While telemedicine refers to the way patient data is transferred using information technology, policies evaluate this technology on the larger health care system.
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    327 2009-12-14 11:42:07 2009-12-14 11:42:07 open open what-is-clinical-informatics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262112781 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1260790936 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Microscopic gyroscopes-the key for motion sensing http://biomedikal.in/microscopic-gyroscopes-the-key-for-motion-sensing/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:07:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=329 Microscopic gyroscopes, the key for motion sensing (PhysOrg.com) -- Tiny devices made possible by combining the latest advances in mechanical and electronics technology could be at the heart of next-generation personal navigation and vehicle stabilisation tools thanks to European researchers.]]> 329 2009-12-14 15:07:37 2009-12-14 15:07:37 open open microscopic-gyroscopes-the-key-for-motion-sensing publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260803267 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1260803260 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 Light-generating transistors to power labs on chips-LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN BIOMEDICAL http://biomedikal.in/light-generating-transistors-to-power-labs-on-chips-latest-development-in-biomedical/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:11:51 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=331 PhysOrg.com) -- What started out as 'blue-sky' thinking by a group of European researchers could ultimately lead to the commercial mass production of a new generation of optoelectronic components for devices ranging from mobile laboratories to mobile phones. Allowing doctors to field-test patients and, thanks to a highly portable laboratory, come up with quick results leading to an immediate diagnosis is one of the medical community’s most sought-after goals. Projects have been launched all over the world to explore possible ways of doing this, with new methods of miniaturising components very much a key part of developing what is increasingly being called a “lab-on-a-chip”. The chip in question is a silicon chip, the ubiquitous semiconductor which powers all things electronic. Chips come with thousands, even millions, of tiny electronics devices, such as transistors, embedded in them. While there are limits to how much smaller they can be made, keeping chips the same size but giving them extra functions produces a similar end result. More efficient light generation Against this background, two European funded research projects, ILO and OLAS, were set up to explore and identify more efficient ways to generate light from organic thin films. These are organic because they are carbon-based plastics, and the material is processed into a very thin film of a micron or less which is deposited onto a surface, or substrate - in this case a silicon wafer. The ultimate goal of the projects was seen as developing an electrically powered laser from organic thin films, but it started with the researchers, from five European countries, looking at the most efficient ways of extracting light from an organic thin film. “The advantage of working with thin films is quite clear in terms of the small amount of material required for a functional device,” says Michele Muccini from CNR, Italy and project coordinator of both ILO and OLAS. What the researchers did was to integrate the project partners’ experience with, and knowledge of, a number of technologies to create not just a functional transistor, but a truly multifunctional transistor. “Not only did we create a fully functional electronic device in the form of a field-effect transistor, but we were also able to get it to generate light,” Muccini explains. While this was not the same as generating a focused laser beam, it was still a major breakthrough and something that had not been achieved elsewhere. “We developed specific and unique knowhow giving us a key competitive advantage over international competitors,” notes Muccini. OLAS’ results are seen as an international benchmark for what Muccini describes as the “photonic field-effect heterojunction approach”. Field effect here relates to controlling an electrical charge in a semiconductor while a heterojunction is the interface between two layers of different semiconducting materials. “We demonstrated the first fully integrated fabrication of a heterojunction device where you had a field-effect structure with a photonic cavity embedded,” he reveals. So groundbreaking was some of the consortium’s research that three new patents were taken out to prepare the way for possible commercialisation of the results. “Using transistors instead of external sources allows you to greatly increase the efficiency of light generation and extraction. You expend much less energy driving devices because they are not only efficient but made from disposable organic material which is compatible with other platforms made from other material like silicon or glass,” says Muccini. Implications for medical diagnosis Although the EU-supported part of the project officially finished at the end of 2008, several partners chose to continue developing on the results independently. “We are proposing work to integrate our new structure into lab-on-a-chip devices for biomedical diagnostic purposes,” he says. “What this would eventually mean to a doctor on the ground is the development of an affordable, portable, disposable device able to screen for a number of illnesses. At the moment, the only equipment able to screen in this way is bulky and expensive and samples have to be sent to a lab before results can be reported back to a doctor, he suggests. But once mass production is feasible, the proposed new lab-on-chip would mean doctors get a lot of information in a readily available format, enabling early diagnosis and faster treatment. Muccini points out that the potential applications are much broader than this; they stretch to any device, such as mobile phones and laptop PCs, where using less energy to generate light would increase battery life. The devices would also be cheaper to build. But a lot more development work would be necessary to fully validate the results - the sort of work envisaged in the proposed follow-up. Still, OLAS has opened the door a little way and proved it is worth continuing down this track, Muccini concludes.]]> 331 2009-12-14 15:11:51 2009-12-14 15:11:51 open open light-generating-transistors-to-power-labs-on-chips-latest-development-in-biomedical publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260803516 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1260803512 _wpas_done_twitter 1 Anti-gravity treadmill: Therapy that's like a walk on the moon,ATHELETES RELISH IT http://biomedikal.in/anti-gravity-treadmill-therapy-thats-like-a-walk-on-the-moonatheletes-relish-it/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:16:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=334 HEADLINES A treadmill developed at NASA Ames Research Center more than a decade ago for exercising in space has seen more athletes than astronauts lately. NEWS AlterG, a Fremont, Calif., startup, has sold more than 200 of the "anti-gravity" physical therapy and training treadmills, which are based on the NASA prototype, at $75,000 each. The buyers have mainly been sports teams, college athletic departments and hospitals, but the maker hopes to eventually push prices down to where individuals could own one. A new model, the M300, costs $24,500 and is starting to be acquired by physical therapy clinics and nursing homes, where they are used for exercise without the risk of falling. The company foresees an expanding base of users. "We do believe that eventually you'll see the product being used in people's homes," said AlterG CEO Lars Barfod. The AlterG, the only machine of its kind on the market, is an exercise treadmill with a waist-high enclosure added on. Zip yourself in and, by inflating the enclosure, you can reduce the force of gravity on your legs from a few percent to 80 percent, which approximates what it would be like to walk or run on the moon. Air pressure elevates the user's body, counteracting the force of gravity. Athletes use it to continue training after an injury, reducing the impact of running on injured muscles and tendons. It can also be used for low-impact training, especially useful for runners. The Oakland Raiders football team has one; the Golden State Warriors basketball team has two, the University of California-Berkeley has several and Stanford University has one. The University of California-San Francisco Medical Center has two at its Mission Bay campus, Walter Reed Army Medical Center has two, and the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs hospital has one. The military uses them to help vets learn to walk with prosthetics and relearn balance caused from traumatic brain injury, Barfod said. Marathon runner Alberto Salazar, director of the Nike Oregon Project, a group created by the shoe company to promote long-distance running, was an early convert. After checking out a prototype several years ago. Salazar has purchased five for the Nike project for the runners he trains, helping the fledgling startup get off the ground. "I think it's the best piece of equipment made for running in last 30 years, the most revolutionary piece of equipment, without a doubt," Salazar said. Scott Touchet, a Raiders assistant athletic trainer, said the team mainly uses it so players can exercise while recovering from lower limb injuries and surgeries. "Our guys love it," he said. The AlterG's forerunner was developed in the early 1990s at NASA/Ames by researcher Robert Whalen and a colleague, Dr. Alan Hargens, as a space-born exercise machine and also to study the effects of weightlessness on humans. The original machines sucked air out of the chamber, creating a kind of artificial gravity. Later versions pump air in, countering gravity. Whalen, who holds the original 1992 patent and who continues to be involved in the company, declined a request for an interview. "We sort of went off on our own separate paths, and we did our own development starting in about 1998," said Hargens, who is a professor of orthopedic surgery at the University of California-San Diego School of Medicine. He has his own versions at the university and has published studies on its therapeutic potential. The Palo Alto Veterans Affairs hospital collaborated on studies using its own versions of the machine, built at the hospital's rehabilitation research and development center. "We called it the 'differential pressure walking assist,'" said Dr. Charles Burgar, who wrote three studies of subjects using the machine. "You don't feel it as if somebody's lifting you," Burgar said. "You feel like you are in water that has no viscosity, like you're floating, but when you move your legs there's no resistance. It looked like the person was walking on the moon. You can teach a person to run very, very fast by off-loading their weight, and then building strength and endurance by increasing the weight." A prototype of the treadmill was stored in Whalen's Los Altos garage for several years, drawing the attention of his son, Sean Whalen, 28. The younger Whalen, who now is AlterG's co-founder and chief technical officer, said his father was never interested in commercializing the device. When Sean was focused on entrepreneurship in a graduate engineering program at Stanford, he said, he saw the device as a way of "figuring out what it's like to start a company." After Salazar saw it and helped with its early development, "it kind of mushroomed," Whalen said. ]]> 334 2009-12-14 15:16:26 2009-12-14 15:16:26 open open anti-gravity-treadmill-therapy-thats-like-a-walk-on-the-moonatheletes-relish-it publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260803791 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1260803788 _wpas_done_twitter 1 NASA developing an airbag for helicopters — for the entire 'copter http://biomedikal.in/nasa-developing-an-airbag-for-helicopters-%e2%80%94-for-the-entire-copter/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:23:49 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=337 WATCH VIDEO]]> 337 2009-12-14 15:23:49 2009-12-14 15:23:49 open open nasa-developing-an-airbag-for-helicopters-%e2%80%94-for-the-entire-copter publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260804271 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1260804230 _wpas_done_twitter 1 Artificial larynx makes a human-sounding voice-BIOMEDICAL NEWS http://biomedikal.in/artificial-larynx-makes-a-human-sounding-voice-biomedical-news/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:26:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=340 Folks who are unfortunate enough to have their larynx removed because of vocal chord problems have had to replace their normal speaking voice with the robotic-sounding voice of a mechanical larynx. Now, South African scientists have developed an artificial larynx that approximates the human voice. By using 118 pressure sensors to monitor mouth and tongue movement, the palatometer uses a speech synthesizer to produce the correct words in a more natural voice. There's still a 0.3-second delay between you making the motions and the words coming out, but they're hoping to iron such kinks out before they're given to people to use.]]> 340 2009-12-14 15:26:03 2009-12-14 15:26:03 open open artificial-larynx-makes-a-human-sounding-voice-biomedical-news publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260804367 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1260804365 Cellphones don't cause brain cancer-Research studies http://biomedikal.in/cellphones-dont-cause-brain-cancer-research-studies/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:28:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=343 Okay all you fraidycats, you can emerge from your bunkers now, because cellphones aren't going to kill you after all. The Danish Cancer Society studied just about everyone in Scandinavia over 30 years, concluding there is no "clear change in the long term trends in incidence of brain tumors." This is the most conclusive study yet of the imagined link between cancer and cellphones. We've heard other credible scientists saying that the "radiation" from cell phones is of a wavelength that can't possibly have any effect on brain cells. Our take: if you play on people's fears, you get lots of attention. Attention equals funding. Scare up everybody, profit. Perhaps the same goes for those who dispel fears. Either way, put away your tinfoil hats, hypochondriacs, and be not afraid.]]> 343 2009-12-14 15:28:27 2009-12-14 15:28:27 open open cellphones-dont-cause-brain-cancer-research-studies publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260805398 email_notification 1260804510 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 LifeHand restores touch using thought-controlled robotics-BIOMEDICAL NEWS http://biomedikal.in/lifehand-restores-touch-using-thought-controlled-robotics-biomedical-news/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:44:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=348 Related Sections: Future Tech Medical Miscellaneous

    LifeHand restores touch using thought-controlled robotics

    LifeHand restores touch using thought-controlled robotics
    Bringing to mind images of Luke Skywalker's robotic hand in the film Star Wars, an Italian team recently achieved a prosthetics breakthrough that mirrors science fiction. Neurologist Paolo Maria Rossini led a team at Rome's Campus Bio-Medico, to create a robotic hand that allows the wearer to control the hand with thoughts and feel sensations through the device. Funded by the European Union to the tune of $3 million, the project marks the first time an amputee has been able to make truly complex movements using a robotic prosthetic. Called the LifeHand, the project is just the beginning as another E.U. initiative called the SmartHand hopes to replace an entire human arm. Via The Sun]]>
    348 2009-12-14 15:44:37 2009-12-14 15:44:37 open open lifehand-restores-touch-using-thought-controlled-robotics-biomedical-news publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1260805498 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1260805487 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    This is no phone; it's an ultrasound machine-BIOMEDICAL ADVANCEMENTS http://biomedikal.in/this-is-no-phone-its-an-ultrasound-machine-biomedical-advancements/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:46:57 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=350
    This is no phone; it\'s an ultrasound machine
    This is the GE VScan portable ultrasound machine. Yes, it looks almost exactly like a flip phone, but you can't make any calls on it. Instead, it's designed to make giving ultrasounds cheaper and easier, reducing the number of referrals and improving diagnoses. Because more doctors will be able to have these things, they'll be able to use them instead of sending patients elsewhere. Also, they can carry one in their purse in case they really need to do an ultrasound on the go, which I'm sure will come in handy. Pocket-Lint via Engadget ]]>
    350 2009-12-14 15:46:57 2009-12-14 15:46:57 open open this-is-no-phone-its-an-ultrasound-machine-biomedical-advancements publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1260805873 email_notification 1260805621 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Brain scans reveal what's in your mind's eye http://biomedikal.in/brain-scans-reveal-whats-in-your-minds-eye/ Mon, 14 Dec 2009 15:53:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=353
    Brain scans reveal what\'s in your mind\'s eye
    Scientists are getting closer to being able to create an image of whatever you're picturing your mind. This is either completely amazing or absolutely terrifying. Maybe a little bit of both.
    To construct their model, the researchers used an fMRI machine, which measures blood flow through the brain, to track neural activity in three people as they looked at pictures of everyday settings and objects.As in the earlier study, they looked at parts of the brain linked to the shape of objects. Unlike before, they looked at regions whose activity correlates with general classifications, such as "buildings" or "small groups of people." Once the model was calibrated, the test subjects looked at another set of pictures. After interpreting the resulting neural patterns, the researchers' program plucked corresponding pictures from a database of 6 million images.
    It seems like we're still many years off from a dream-recreation device, but they're certainly on track for it. Awesome? Wired Science via Geekologie
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    353 2009-12-14 15:53:07 2009-12-14 15:53:07 open open brain-scans-reveal-whats-in-your-minds-eye publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060355 email_notification 1260805990 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    NACO-Research Fellowship Scheme, India http://biomedikal.in/naco-research-fellowship-scheme-india/ Tue, 15 Dec 2009 10:03:13 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=356 ORGANIZER National AIDS Control Organisation ELIGIBILITY PG Students enrolled for full-time MD/MPhil/PhD degree program in relevant disciplines from any recognized Indian University/Institute below 35 years. DESCRIPTION NACO invites applications from young researchers to provide opportunity and incentive to pursue quality and need based research in HIV/AIDS in bio-medical/clinical, epidemiological, behavioral and social disciplines.NACO Research Fellowship grant will be given to the respective Institution/Department in full for the awardees students. NACO will award up to 20 Fellowships per year for financial assistance. NACO will consider applications received through proper channel only with a certificate on official letter-head duly recommended by the Guide/Supervisor and Head of the Department/Institute where the candidate proposes to work. The maximum grant for each fellowship will be limited upto Rs 1.5 lakhs. The fellowship covers stipend (for 12 months@Rs 10,000=Rs. 1,20,000) and contingent expenditure on transport/travel, stationery, preparation of report, consumables, printing etc (Rs. 30,000/-). Applicants getting stipend from any Institution/UGC/CSIR/other source are eligible for contingency only. The selection of the candidates for award of research fellowship will be done after technical evaluation of the research plan by the panel of subject experts. Applications received will be assessed based on the following parameters: - Relevance to NACP III strategies. - Innovation. - Methodology and study design. - Academic achievement of the candidate. Please visit the given website for more details. Email Address: naco.researchfellowship@gmail.com WEBSITE DEADLINE December 31, 2009
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    356 2009-12-15 10:03:13 2009-12-15 10:03:13 open open naco-research-fellowship-scheme-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060328 email_notification 1260871396 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    FUTURE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN INDIA PERTAINING BRAIN DRAIN http://biomedikal.in/future-of-biomedical-engineering-in-india-pertaining-brain-drain/ Tue, 15 Dec 2009 18:06:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=359 India we think that only those branches of engineering are important which are job oriented and others have no meaning for us.This has acted like a sabotage for the development of biomedical in the country
    A surgical team from Wilford Hall Medical Cent...
    Image via Wikipedia
    We can see easily that today people prefer to go outside the country after doing biomedical engineering for the purpose of post-graduation so that they can secure a good job there as in the world of developed nations people of our country are ready to mould themselves according to the circumstances present there. I personally feel that brain drain of biomedical engineers to west is taking place because of the lack of resources in our country and laziness of our leaders as well as students for the promotion of the resources  available in the country We can see that people think it is better to have good bread and butter themselves rather then serving the cause of the budding generation of biomedical engineers by providing them support through opening new industries of biomedical in the country If there are certain opportunities in biomedical engineering in country then they are curtailed by the growth factor as growth in this field is not as much as computers,it and others renowned field like electronics.So people tend to shift themselves into the shell of these branches rather then protecting the interest of their own engineering. And those who want to do good have only choice to earn money by going outside,but th en they are amazed by the glittering &the development of their personality & then they decide coming back to country is useless. I have seen that now because of this only many educational institutes are closing their department of biomedical engineering as their students are not able to get good placements thus the intake is decreasing leading to closure of the department. This is not a bright sign as far as development of biomedical engineering is to be considered so it must be duty of every bio
    [caption id="" align="alignleft" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Countries based on World Bank income groupings...[/caption]
    medical engineer to pay back and work for some time for their Alma mater as wherever they would be going they will find no track backs as the way behind will be deleted by such things like I mentioned above. So it is my effort through this article of mine that if we have to change the tag from developing to developed we need to have good medical health care facilities and easy access of them to poor people so that death rate in country can be decreased and it is not possible without "A GOOD BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER "
    Reblog this post [with Zemanta]so stay protected as far as my advice is concerned
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    359 2009-12-15 18:06:56 2009-12-15 18:06:56 open open future-of-biomedical-engineering-in-india-pertaining-brain-drain publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261496903 email_notification 1260900419 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _wpas_mess FUTURE OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IN INDIA PERTAINING BRAIN DRAIN: http://wp.me/pJ8AO-5N
    MUSCLE CONTRACTION-MECHANICS-BIOMECHANICS NOTES http://biomedikal.in/muscle-contraction-mechanics-biomechanics-notes/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 16:56:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=372 Muscles Are Organized Into Motor Units
    • When a single nerve enters a muscle it splits and makes neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) with several muscle cells
    • A nerve and the muscle cells it makes NMJs with is called a motor unit
    • When the nerve fires the whole motor unit is stimulated and the muscle cells contract together
    • Muscles with large motor units have coarse movements
    • Muscles with small motor units give fine, graded movements
    • This is a small motor unit with only 3 muscle fibersTwo Basic Types of Contraction Are Isotonic and Isometric
    • In an isotonic contraction the muscle shortens, keeping a constant tension
    • In an isometric contraction the muscle does not shorten and tension builds up
    • Most real contractions are mixtures of the 2 types
    A Single Nerve Impulse Produces a Muscle Twitch
    • Single stimuli usually release enough acetylcholine in the NMJs of the motor unit to produce action potentials in the muscle membranes
    • This will cause the muscle to contract after a short delay
    • Order of events: ACh release -> muscle action potential -> Ca release -> contraction
    • A simple twitch gives only 20-30% of the maximum tension possible- the muscle starts to relax before the maximum is reached
    • In the figure below a muscle is stimulated at 0.5 seconds and again at 2.5 seconds; there is complete relaxation between the stimuli and the tension reaches only 25% of maximum
    • These graphs are Madonna computer simulations of muscle contraction. It is assumed that tension is proportional to the amount of Ca bound to troponin
    Muscle Contractions Can Summate to Produce More Force
    • If a second stimulus is given before a muscle relaxes the muscle will shorten further, building up more tension than a simple twitch- this is called summation
    • In the graph above the muscle is stimulated at 0.5 seconds and again at 0.7 seconds. The muscle does not completely relax between stimuli and the tension sum mates to 35% of maximum
    • If many stimuli are given very close together the muscle will go into a smooth continuous contraction called tetanus
    • In this computer experiment the muscle was given 20 stimuli 0.1 seconds apart (lower trace). The contractions fuse to produce a tetanus that rises to over 90% of maximum
    • Tetanus gives the maximum tension, about 4X higher than a simple twitch (isometric contraction)
    Another Way to Increase the Force of Contraction is to Recruit More Motor Units
    • Each muscle is made up of tens of thousands of motor units
    • Force generated by a muscle can be increased by firing more and more motor units
    Different Types of Skeletal Muscle Fibers Specialize for Endurance or Speed
    • Muscle cells (fibers) specialize for their type of activity
      • Athletes have fiber types that match their activities
    • Endurance fibers (type I)
      • Have many mitochondria- the mitochondria give these fibers a red appearance because one of the mitochondrial enzymes contains Fe.
      • Also contain a red pigment called myoglobin which stores O2.
      • Contract slowly but resist fatigue
    • Fast twitch fibers (type II)
      • Fibers specialized for fast contractions are white- they contain few mitochondria
      • Relying on glycolysis to supply energy (glycolysis is faster than respiration).
      • Contract rapidly but fatigue quickly
    • Fiber type is mostly genetically determined, but some experiments have shown conversion of one fiber type into another
    Muscle Produces the Greatest Isometric Tension at Intermediate Lengths
    • If you measure the isometric tension of a muscle when it is fixed at different lengths you will find that there is an optimum length for producing tension
      • At rest many of the body's muscles are close to their optimum lengths
    • There is a connection between the chemical anatomy of actin and myosin and the amount of tension produced when they interact
    • The chemical connection is based upon 2 principles:
      • 1) actin and myosin connect through crossbridges- the more crossbridges the more tension
        • Suppose the muscle is stretched so far that actin and myosin hardly overlap- then there will be few crossbridges and little tension
        • As the muscle is shortened from this extreme length more and more overlap will occur and the tension will rise
      • 2) when the muscle proteins interfere with crossbridges it will weaken the tension
        • If the muscle is shortened too much the actin filaments will bump into each other and bend- this distorts the sarcomere and weaken the contraction
    • Sarcomere at point C:
    This figure corresponds to point C on the graph. The muscle is stretched to a point where there is very little overlap between actin and myosin. The isometric tension will be low.
    • Sarcomere at point B:
    At point B on the graph there is considerable overlap between actin and myosin. There are many active crossbridges, so the isometric tension will be high.
    • Sarcomere at point A:
    At point A there is a lot of overlap between actin and myosin, but the actin filaments are pushing on each other. This distorts the filaments, weakening the crossbridges.
    Muscle Refractory Periods are Related to Function
    • The refractory period of the muscle membrane controls how rapidly a muscle can be fired
      • Muscle must recover before it can be fired a second time
    • Examples:
      • Flight muscles of insects and hummingbirds can contract about 1000 times a second
        • To do that they must recover very rapidly so that they can fire again (very short refractory period)
      • The heart needs to slow down the firing rate so that it has time to fill
        • Hearts usually have quite long refractory periods that limit the maximum heart beat
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    372 2009-12-16 16:56:39 2009-12-16 16:56:39 open open muscle-contraction-mechanics-biomechanics-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263058994 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1260982600 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SYNAPSES AND NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTIONS OF NEURONS-TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/synapses-and-neuromuscular-junctions-tutorial/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 17:09:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=379 Chemical Transmitters Carry the Signal Across Synapses & Neuromuscular Junctions
    • A contact between 2 nerves is called a synapse
    • At the synapse there is a break in electrical transmission (the action potential cannot cross)- instead chemicals are released that carry the signal to the next nerve
      • The release of chemical transmitters at nerve endings was first shown by Otto Loewi in the frog heart
    • A neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a contact between a nerve and a muscle- it is like a synapse, the action potential stops and the signal is carried by a chemical
    • There is a delay at synapses- chemical transmission is slower than electrical transmission
    Chemical Transmitters Are Made and Stored in the Presynaptic Terminal
    • The end of the nerve enlarges into an axon terminal
    • Transmitters are made in the terminal and are stored in tiny vesicles so that they can be released whenever an action potential comes along
    • Transmitters are made only by the incoming (presynaptic) nerve
    • Because the transmitter is only on one side the impulse can go in only one direction
    Calcium is Required for Transmitter Release
    • Transmitter release requires Ca2+ ions
    • Normally Ca2+ in the cell is kept very low (by a Ca pump)- if the cell needs Ca2+ it must come from the outside
    • The action potential coming in to the terminal opens Ca channels -> Ca comes rushing in
    • The Ca2+ causes some of the vesicles to fuse to the membrane- then they open up and the transmitter is released
    • Botulinum and tetanus toxins block transmitter release
    Transmitter Diffuses Across the Synaptic Gap and Binds to a Receptor
    • The synaptic gap is short and the transmitter travels across it by simple diffusion
    • On the far side of the gap the transmitter binds to a specific receptor protein in the postsynaptic membrane
    • There are some receptor diseases- in myasthenia gravis an autoimmune reaction destroys acetycholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction- this causes muscular weakness or paralysis
    • Many drugs block receptors: curare, strychnine, atropine, antihistamines
    When Transmitter Binds to a Receptor it Produces an EPSP or an IPSP
    • When the transmitter binds to the receptor ion channels are opened (ligand-gated channels)
    • Ions rush into the postsynaptic cell
    • If the ions depolarize the postsynaptic cell they produce an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
      • Most transmitters produce EPSPs (acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine)
    • If the ions make the postsynaptic membrane more negative they produce an inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP)
    • There are both excitatory and inhibitory nerves coming into most synapses
    If There Are Enough EPSPs an Action Potential Will be Produced in the Postsynaptic Membrane
    • If there are enough EPSPs the postsynaptic membrane will be depolarized to the threshold level and an action potential will be produced- then the signal will travel along the second nerve or muscle cell
    • IPSPs make the membrane potential more negative and cancel out EPSPs
    The Transmitter is Broken Down and/or Recycled
    • Once the signal has been delivered the transmitter must be removed so that new signals may be received
    • In some cases the transmitter is broken down by an enzyme in the synapse
    • In other cases the transmitter is recycled- it is transported back into the presynaptic nerve
    • In still other cases these 2 methods are combined
    • Some drugs inhibit the enzymes that break down transmitters: nerve gases, physostigmine
    • Other drugs act by inhibiting recycling: prozac, cocaine
    In the Central Nervous System Nerves Make Synapses with Thousands of Other Nerves
    • Nerves in the central nervous system make synaptic contact with 1000 to 10,000 other nerves
    • This allows nerve cells to be hooked together in complex patterns to perform tasks benefiting the animal
    • In the brain synapses tend to cluster to form ganglia (gray matter of brain)
    • Each nerve makes both excitatory and inhibitory synapses
    • Whether or not a nerve fires is determined by summation of the EPSPs and IPSPs
    There are Dozens of Transmitters in the Nervous System
    • In this class we will deal with only a few types of transmitters: acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and a few others
    • There are dozens of other transmitters in the central nervous system (CNS) and new ones are being discovered every year:
      • Serotonin, dopamine, glutamate, secretin, endorphins, etc.
      • Even gas molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) can act as local transmitters
        • The gas types are not stored, but are made on demand
    • A high percentage of pharmaceutical drugs affect the synapse or NMJs
    Synapses Are Believed to be the Sites of Learning and Memory
    • Many learning exercises are known to increase transmission across certain synapses (potentiation). The potentiation can be for short or long term
    • Long term potentiation involves protein synthesis, probably of receptors
    Many Toxins and Diseases Affect Neuromuscular Junction & Synaptic Transmission
    • NMJs and synapses are attacked by toxins and poisons:
      • ACh release in the NMJ is inhibited by botulinum toxin
      • Glycine release in the central nervous system (CNS) is inhibited by tetanus toxin
      • Black widow spider toxin, alpha-latrotoxin, stimulates fusion and depletion of transmitter vesicles
      • The plant poison, physostigmine, nerve gases and organophosphorus pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme that splits ACh into acetate and choline
      • The muscle ACh receptor is blocked by the South American arrow poison, curare
      • The plant drug, atropine, inhibits ACh receptors of the autonomic nervous system (but not the NMJ)
      • Strychnine binds to the glycine receptor protein and inhibits IPSPs in the spinal cord
      • Cocaine blocks the recycling of of dopamine and norepinephrine transmitters in the brain. This has an excitatory effect
      • Acetylcholine in synapses and NMJs is affected by 3 different types of inhibitors: release inhibitors, receptor inhibitors and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
    • Low blood Ca will inhibit transmitter release
    • Diseases affecting synapses and NMJs:
      • Eaton-Lambert syndrome: patient produces antibodies that attack his own Ca channels. This results in low Ca in the synapse and transmitter release is inhibited
      • Myasthenia gravis: another autoimmune disease which damages the receptor proteins for ACh
      • Parkinson's disease: cells in the substantia nigra of the brain are deficient in the transmitter, dopamine
      • Clinical depression: associated with low amounts of the transmitter, serotonin, in parts of the brain
    A Detailed Example: the Neuromuscular Junction
    • We will consider the NMJ in detail because it is the best known junction. The diagram below outlines reactions in the NMJ.
    • Transmission at this junction involves several steps:
      • 1) When an action potential (inhibited by tetrodotoxin) reaches the axon terminal it causes Ca channels to open. Ca2+ rushes into the cell because Ca2+ outside is much higher than Ca2+  inside
      • 2) The terminal region is loaded with vesicles containing the transmitter acetylcholine (ACh)
      • 3) Ca2+ causes some of the vesicles to fuse with the membrane and release their ACh (inhibited by botulinum toxin)
      • 4) ACh diffuses across the junction and binds to the ACh receptor protein (inhibited by curare) in the postsynaptic membrane
      • 5) Binding causes an ion channel to open
      • 6) The flow of ions depolarizes the membrane, producing an EPSP. In muscle a single impulse usually causes enough depolarization to reach threshold
      • 7) An action potential is generated in the muscle membrane
      • 8) The muscle action potential causes release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the muscle and this triggers muscle contraction
      • 9) Back in the synapse the ACh is broken down to acetate and choline by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (inhibited by physostigmine, nerve gases, organophosphate insecticides).
      • 10) The choline is recycled. A choline pump transports it back into the nerve terminal and there it is converted back into ACh
        Detailed view of a neuromuscular junction:<BR>...
        Image via Wikipedia
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    379 2009-12-16 17:09:07 2009-12-16 17:09:07 open open synapses-and-neuromuscular-junctions-tutorial publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262116304 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1260983366 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF HEART-TUTORIALS http://biomedikal.in/electrical-activity-of-heart-tutorials/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 17:17:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=385 Electrical Activity and EKG The Cardiac Action Potential Has a Prolonged Refractory Period
    • Heart action potential has a prolonged spike (depolarized)
    • Membrane is refractory for a long time
    • This prevents summation and gives the heart time to fill
    All Parts of the Heart Beat Spontaneously
    • Heart muscle does not require stimulation by a nerve
    • Nerves usually inhibit the heart beat; cutting the nerves -> heart speeds up
    • Beat originates as a depolarization in the heart muscle cell itself (self stimulation)
    • All parts of the heart can beat spontaneously
    • Advantage: if one part of the heart is damaged another part can still produce a beat
    • Risk: beats originating outside of the pacemaker can produce life-threatening arrhythmias
    Normally the Heart Beat Originates in the SA Node
    • The heart beat originates from the part of the heart with the fastest beat
    • Normally this is the SA (sinoatrial) node of the right atrium
    • The SA node is called the pacemaker
    • Ectopic beats are those originating outside of the normal pacemaker
    The Atria Are Electrically Insulated From the Ventricles
    • The upper part of the heart (the 2 atria) is insulated from the lower part
    • Electrical excitation can pass from the atria to the ventricles only at the AV node
    The Heart Has Special Electrical Conducting Tissue
    • Electrical excitation is passed through special conducting tissue from the AV node to the ventricles
    • Route: bundle of His -> bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers
    Excitation is Delayed in the AV Node
    • The excitation starts in the SA node and spreads across the atria
    • When the excitation reaches the AV node there is a delay of about 0.1 seconds before it passes into the bundle of His
    • The delay allows the atria to contract before the ventricles are stimulated
    • This results in better filling of the ventricles
    • From the AV node impulses enter the Bundle of His and then travel along the right and left bundle branches in the septum between the right and left ventricles
    • In the ventricles the impulse spreads through the Purkinje fibers
    Gap Junctions in the Intercalated Discs Spread Electrical Excitation Between Heart Cells
    • Gap junctions are low resistance connections between 2 cells
    • When the impulse reaches cardiac muscle cells it is rapidly passed from one muscle cell to the next because of gap junctions in the intercalated discs
    Excitation of the Heart Can be Followed From the Body Surface With the EKG
    • EKGs are not measured across the membranes of cardiac cells
    • EKGs are measured by electrodes attached to the skin of the body surface
    • These electrodes record the average activity of millions of heart cells
    • EKG voltages are very small because the electrodes are far from the heart and most of the electrical activity cancels out
    • The most common set of connections is with electrodes connected to both arms and the left leg (Einthoven's triangle).
    • This produces the 3 limb leads (I, II, III).
    • Alternate connections give 3 more limb leads (AVL, AVR, AVF)- the 6 limb leads give electrical views of the heart in the frontal plane
    • 6 chest leads are also used (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, V6)- these give views of the heart in a transverse plane
    A Typical EKG Record Contains P, QRS and T Waves
    • The P wave is caused by depolarization (excitation) of the atria
    • The QRS is produced by depolarization (excitation) of the ventricles
    • The T wave represents repolarization (recovery) of the ventricles
    • The small atrial recovery wave cannot be seen- it is swamped out by the large QRS wave
    • Different electrodes give different views of these waves- the wave below is typical for lead II (lead II has the same direction as the axis of the normal heart)
    The EKG Gives Information on Heart Rate, Rhythm, Orientation and Pathology
    • If 2 QRS waves are close together the heart is beating at a fast rate; if they are far apart the heart has a slow rate
    • If the heart is functioning properly each P wave is followed by a QRS wave
    • If electrical conduction between the atria and ventricles is partially or completely blocked there will be a disturbance of the heart rhythm- the atria and ventricles may beat independently of each other
    • The orientation of the heart can be determined from the sizes of the waves coming from different electrodes
    • Damage to the heart caused by poor coronary circulation can cause the waves to widen (slower conduction). There are also other changes in wave shape, such as depression of the ST segment
    More Information Several websites have collections of abnormal EKGs with good explanations:
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    385 2009-12-16 17:17:54 2009-12-16 17:17:54 open open electrical-activity-of-heart-tutorials publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261730172 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1260983892 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    WHY SEX? -SEXUAL REPRODUCTION-TECHNICAL POINT OF VIEW FOR DISCUSSION http://biomedikal.in/why-sex-sexual-reproduction-technical-point-of-view-for-discussion/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 17:21:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=363
    The sexual cycle
    Image via Wikipedia
    Sex is Very Costly
    • Large amounts of energy required to find a mate and do the mating: specialized structures and behavior required
    • Intimate contact provides route for infection by parasites (AIDS, syphillis, etc.)
    • Genetic costs: in sex you pass on only half your genes to your children
    • Males are an expensive luxury- in most species they contribute little to rearing offspring
    But There are Some Advantages
    • More genetic diversity: more potential for survival of species when environmental conditions change
      • Shuffling of genes in meiosis
      • Crossing-over in meiosis
      • Fertilization: combines genes from 2 separate individuals
    • DNA back-up and repair
      • Asexual organisms don't have back-up copies of genes, sexual organisms have 2 sets of chromosomes and one can act as a back-up if the other is damaged
      • Sexual mechanisms , especially recombination, are used to repair damaged DNA- the undamged chromosome acts as a template and eventually both chromosomes end up with the correct gene
    Reproduction Without Sex and Sex Without Reproduction Both Occur in Nature
    • Sex is the transfer of genes from one cell to another and in microorganisms this often occurs without cell division, so that there is no reproduction
    • Many species can reproduce without sex
      • Most single-cell organisms
      • Some multcellular organisms
    There Are Many Successful Asexual Species
    • Single cells reproduce whenever they divide
    • Some multicellular organisms reproduce by budding or branching from parent (Hydra, sponges, sea anenomes)
    • Some higher organisms produce eggs that develop into new individuals without fertilization ; called parthenogenesis (virgin birth)
      • Aphids in summer (they become sexual in the fall)
      • Whiptail lizards
      • Some salamanders
    • Offspring of asexual organisms are clones of the parent (genetically identical)
    Sexual Reproduction Has Been Adopted by Most Higher Organisms
    • Almost all organisms with eukaryotic cells undergo sexual reproduction
    • The sexual lifestyle:
      • Diploid cells: 2 sets of chromosomes
      • Meiosis: a type of cell division that produces reproductive cells that are haploid (1 set of chromosomes); usually there are 2 types of reproductive cells, sperms and eggs
      • Fertilization: combination of a sperm and egg to produce a new diploid cell (zygote)
      • Development of the zygote into a new individual
    There Are a Large Number of Natural Sexual Strategies
    • Hermaphrodites have both sexes on same individual (many flowers, earthworms, snails, some fish); in earthworms and snails when 2 individuals mate each fertilizes the other
    • Alternate sexual and asexual stages (gall wasps, aphids)
    • Fertilization may be internal or external
    • Development of embryo may be internal or external
    Sex Determination Can be Genetic or Environmental
    • In many species sex is determine solely by the chromosomes- birds and mammals
    • In other species environmental factors are important
      • In turtles sex is determined by temperature of egg development
      • In some species environmental factors change the sex at different stages of life
        • Some marine worms change sex (from male to female) when they get larger
        • Coral reef fishes (wrasse) : if the male fish dies the largest female in the group changes into a new male
    In Humans (and Other Mammals) Sex is Determined Genetically
    • We have 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs
    • 22 pairs are called somatic chromosomes
    • The 23rd pair consists of two chromosomes, the X and Y, that are somewhat different from each other
    • The X and Y determine sex: a person who is XX is female; a person who is XY is male
      • The X chromosome is required for life, the Y is not
      • The sex of a child is always determined by the father- he can make both X and Y sperm
      • The Y chromosome is small and degenerate but it has a gene controlling the production of testosterone- if this hormone is present the embryo develops into a male
    Sex Organs Develop from a Unisex Gonad
    • At 5-6 weeks the developing embryo, whether male or female has a pair of unspecialized gonads and 2 paired ducts, the Wolffian and Mullerian, which connect to the future urethra
    • Differentiation into male or female starts at about the 7th week
    • If the embryo has a Y chromosome testosterone is produced and male gonads develop
    • If there is no Y chromosome the embryo develops into a female
    • Male development:
      • Wolffian duct -> vas deferens and epididymis
      • Mullerian duct -> degenerates
      • Unisex gonads -> testes
      • Labioscrotal swellings -> scrotum
      • Genital tubercle -> penis
      • Testes descend into scrotum in 7th month
    • Female development
      • Mullerian duct -> oviduct and uterus
      • Wolffian duct -> degenerates
      • Unisex gonads -> ovaries
      • Labioscrotal swellings -> labia majora
      • Genital tubercle -> clitoris
    Phenotypic Sex May Differ from Genetic and Gonadal Sex
    • Hermaphrodites have both male and female sex organs
      • Double fertilization can produce some XY cells in an XX individual
      • An XY person who is insensitive to testosterone (receptor defect) will develop some female characteristics
      • Mutation may block production of testosterone in XY individual
    • Some individuals have unusual numbers of X and Y chromosomes: usually male if there is at least one Y chromosome
    Both Sexes Form Gametes by Meiosis
    • Some definitions:
      • Haploid cell = cell with 1 set of chromosomes
      • Diploid cell = cell with 2 sets of chromosomes (1 from each parent)
      • Gamete = haploid reproductive cell (sperm or egg)
      • Zygote = diploid cell produced by fusion of an egg and sperm during fertilization
    • Meiosis is a type of cell division designed to produce gametes for sexual reproduction:
      • DNA duplicates
        This is a vector version of :Image:MajorEvents...
        Image via Wikipedia
      • 1st cell division produces 2 cells with single sets of duplicated chromosomes
      • 2nd cell division separates the duplicates, resulting in 4 haploid gametes
    Production of Haploid Gametes in Meiosis:
    • Note that the first deivision separates the homologues and that the second division separates the sister chromatids
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    363 2009-12-16 17:21:15 2009-12-16 17:21:15 open open why-sex-sexual-reproduction-technical-point-of-view-for-discussion publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060268 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1260981353 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MECHANISMS IN KIDNEY-TUTORIAL HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/mechanisms-in-kidney-tutorial-human-physiology/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 17:47:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=393 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Section of cortex of human kidney.[/caption] Basic Kidney Anatomy
    • Kidneys paired, about 150 gm each
    • Urine forming units:
      • Cortex
      • Medulla (lobed: renal pyramids)
      • Cortex and medulla composed chiefly of nephrons and blood vessels
      • Supplied by renal arteries (branches of descending aorta) and renal veins (branches of inferior vena cava)
    • Urine collecting and expelling units:
      • Calyces
      • Renal pelvises
      • Ureters
      • Bladder
      • Urethra
    Although the Kidneys are Tiny Organs They Receive 25% of the Cardiac Output
    • The 2 kidneys are only 0.4% of the body weight but receive about 25% of the blood flow
      • Blood flow rate per kilogram of tissue is almost 8 times higher in the kidneys than through muscles doing heavy exercise!
        • Kidney: 4 liters/kg-min
        • Exercising muscle: 0.55 liters/kg-min
    • Extremely important function: to regulate the composition and volume of body fluids
    • Blood flows in and out of kidney leaving behind the 1% which becomes urine
    • Urine flows through ureters to bladder and then through urethra to outside world
    • The bladder is under both voluntary and autonomic control
    Kidneys Filter About 180 Liters of Plasma Every Day, But Make Only 2 Liters of Urine
    • The kidneys filter approximately 180 liters of plasma/day (each of the 3 liters of plasma gets filtered about 60 times)
    • To replace this much water you would have to drink a 12 ounce soft drink every 3 minutes of the day
    • Fortunately 99% of the filtrate gets reabsorbed, leaving 1.5-2 liters of urine per day
    • It is remarkable that the kidney filter can be used continuously for 70 years or more without becoming clogged
    The Nephron is the Fundamental Urine-Producing Unit of the Kidney
    • We have a total of 2 million nephrons in the 2 kidneys when we are young
    • Components of the nephron (see diagram below):
      • Glomerulus- tuft of capillaries where filtration occurs
      • Bowman's capsule- surrounds glomerulus, collects filtrate
      • Proximal convoluted tubule
      • Loop of Henle
      • Distal convoluted tubule
      • Collecting duct- adjusts volume & concentration of urine
    • Distinctive feature: the tubule makes a sharp bend at the loop of Henle
      • Because of the bend, tubule fluid moves downward into regions of increasing osmotic pressure (see diagram below)
      • After the bend the tubule fluid moves upward through regions of decreasing osmotic pressure
    • Glomerulus has large pores, allowing filtration of large volumes of fluid
    • Number of nephrons declines with age, to about 50% at age 60; this causes the GFR to drop to 50% of value in a young person
      • Loss of nephrons can cause drug overdose in older persons
    The Basic Processes of the Kidney are Filtration, Reabsorption and Secretion
    • Filtration:
      • About 20% of the plasma that passes through the kidney gets filtered into the nephron
      • Filtration is takes place in the glomerulus
      • Driven by the hydrostatic pressure of the blood (osmosis opposes filtration, but the hydrostatic pressure is larger)
      • Water and small molecules are filtered; blood cells and large molecules (most proteins) do not pass through the filter
    • Reabsorption & secretion:
      • As the filtrate passes down the nephron most of it is reabsorbed into the blood
    Substance % Reabsorbed
    Water 99.4%
    Na 99.4%
    K 93.3%
    HCO3 100%
    Glucose 100%
    Urea 53%
    Inulin 0%
    Data from: William Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology. 1999.
      • A few substances are secreted from the blood to the nephron
      • Reabsorption and secretion are energy intensive- the kidney is one of the most metabolically active organs in the body
      • Filtering substances into the tubules and then reabsorbing nearly 100% of them, using energy, may seem to be a very wastefull process, but it allows the body to quickly remove many toxic substances from the blood (they are usually not reabsorbed)
    • Net Process:
      • Amt in Urine = Amt Filtered - Amt Reabsorbed + Amt Secreted
    Glomerular Filtration is Easy to Measure From Inulin or Creatinine Clearance
    • The rate at which the kidney filters blood plasma is called the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
    • It is relatively easy to measure the GFR and it is a good way of assessing kidney function
    • Consider a substance, A, which is only filtered by the kidney; it is neither reabsorbed nor secreteted
      • Since no A is reabsorbed from or secreted into the tubule, the amount filtered into the tubule at the glomerulus must equal the amount appearing in the urine
        • P X GFR = U X V
        • P = plasma concentration of A, in mg/mL
        • GFR = glomerular filtration rate of plasma, in mL/min
        • U = urine concentration of A, in mg/mL
        • V = rate of urine production in, in mL/min
      • Solving the equation for GFR will give:
        • GFR = (U X V)/P
    • Two substances are used to measure GFR:
      • Inulin: a polysaccharide which is not metabolized by the body. Inulin is not found in the body and must be injected. This substance gives the most accurate results and is used for research purposes.
      • Creatinine: a breakdown product from creatine phosphate, which is naturally found in the blood. Not quite as accurate as inulin (about 10% is reabsorbed), but often used in medicine, since no injection is required.
      • GFR measurements are very easy to do and give an assessment of kidney function. It is important to do these measurements in older patients and in others who may have kidney impairment
    • For substances which are reabsorbed and/or secreted the formula is slightly different:
      • P X C = U X V
      • C = clearance rate of the substance (takes into account secretion and reabsorption)
      • C = (U X V)/P
    • Clearance measurements tell you how the kidney handles the substance:
      • Filtered + reabsorbed: C will be less than the GFR
      • Filtered only: C = GFR (about 120 mL/min)
      • Filtered + secreted: C will be higher than the GFR
    Tubular Reabsorption Has a Maximum Rate
    • Most of the solutes filtered into the tubule are reabsorbed because they are too valuable to throw away
    • In many cases reabsorption is by active transport, requiring ATP
      • Because of the active transport the kidney is an energy intensive organ
    • Example of active transport: Na, K pump:
      • Most of the filtered Na is reabsorbed by the Na pump in the proximal tubule (~65%)
      • Na pumping in the ascending loop of Henle sets of osmotic gradients that are used to regulate water (~25%)
      • Fine tuning of Na is done by Na pumps in the distal tubule and collecting duct, which are controlled by the hormone, aldosterone
    • Some reabsorption is by secondary active transport- the flows are indirectly coupled to the active transport of another substance (such as Na)
    • Example of secondary active transport: Glucose reabsorption
      • The proximal tubule has a mechanism for cotransport of Na & glucose
      • The kidney can reabsorb glucose at a tubular maximum rate of 320 mg/min
      • If plasma glucose is normal (about 100 mg/deciliter) 125 mg/min of glucose is filtered into the tubules
      • At this filtration rate the kidney can reabsorb 100% of the glucose in the proximal tubule
      • If the plasma concentration gets high enough (about 300 mg/deciliter) the filtered glucose rate will exceed the tubular maximum for glucose
        • When that occurs, some glucose will be excreted into the urine (glucosuria)
        • This is the cause of urinary glucose in diabetes mellitus
        • Note: small amounts of glucose may spill into the urine when plasma concentrations are as low as 180 mg/deciliter. This occurs because some of the nephrons have lower tubular maximum rates than others
    • Second example 2: Water reabsorption
      • Due to osmosis, but the osmotic gradients are set up by Na active transport
    • There are maximum rates (tubular maximums) for reabsorption by active transport or secondary active transport
    • Maximum transport rate is limited by the number of pump or carrier molecules in the cell membrane
    The Kidney is an Osmotic Machine
    • Kidney uses active transport (especially of Na) to set up osmotic gradients
      • Osmotic gradients are shown in the figure below: osmotic pressure in the cortex is isotonic (~300 milliosmoles/liter)
      • As you move toward the medulla the osmotic pressure rises, to about 1200 milliosmoles/liter (hypertonic)
    • A distinctive feature of the tubule is the sharp bend at the loop of Henle
      • Because of the bend, tubule fluid moves downward into regions of increasing osmotic pressure (see diagram below)
      • After the bend the tubule fluid moves upward through regions of decreasing osmotic pressure
    • The kidney takes advantage of the osmotic pressure difference between tubule fluid and interstitial fluid to move water out of the tubule
    • By changing the permeability of the collecting duct the kidney is able to make concentrated or dilute urine by osmosis
    More Information Johann Koeslag of the University of Stellenbosch, Tygersberg, South Africa, has a nicely illustrated internet essay, Kidney Physiology in a Nutshell. If you develop a passion for the kidney (many physiologists do!) someday you will want to read this book on kidney evolution by Homer Smith:
    • Homer Smith. From Fish to Philosopher. Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1953.
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    393 2009-12-16 17:47:17 2009-12-16 17:47:17 open open mechanisms-in-kidney-tutorial-human-physiology publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060258 email_notification 1260985644 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    OXYGEN CARRIED IN BLOOD WHEN PERSON IS AT HIGH ALTITUDE-TUTORIAL PHYSIOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/oxygen-carried-in-blood-when-person-is-at-high-altitude-tutorial-physiology/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 18:04:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=399 Oxygen Uptake in the Lungs is Increased About 70X by Hemoglobin in the Red Cells
    • In the lungs oxygen must enter the blood
    • A small amount of oxygen dissolves directly in the serum, but 98.5% of the oxygen is carried by hemoglobin
    • All of the hemoglobin is found within the red blood cells (RBCs or erythrocytes)
    • The hemoglobin content of the blood is about 15 gm/deciliter (deciliter = 100 mL)
    • Red cell count is about 5 million per microliter
    Each Hemoglobin Can Bind Four O2 Molecules (100% Saturation)
    • Hemoglobin is a protein molecule with 4 protein sub-units (2 alphas and 2 betas)
      • Each of the 4 sub-units contains a heme group which gives the protein a red color
      • Each heme has an iron atom in the center which can bind an oxygen molecule (O2)
      • The 4 hemes in a hemoglobin can carry a maximum of 4 oxygen molecules
    • When hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen it has a bright red color; as it loses oxygen it becomes bluish (cyanosis)
    The Normal Blood Hematocrit is Just Below 50%
    • Blood consists of cells suspended in serum
    • More than 99% of the cells in the blood are red blood cells designed to carry oxygen
      • 25% of all the cells in the body are RBCs
    • The volume percentage of cells in the blood is called the hematocrit
    • Normal hematocrits are about 40% for women and 45% for men
    At Sea Level the Partial Pressure of O2 is High Enough to Give Nearly 100% Saturation of Hemoglobin
    • As the partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli increases the hemoglobin in the red cells passing through the lungs rises until the hemoglobin is 100% saturated with oxygen
      • At 100% saturation each hemoglobin carries 4 O2 molecules
      • This is equal to 1.33 mL O2 per gram of hemoglobin
    • A person with 15 gm Hb/deciliter can carry:
      • Max O2 carriage = 1.33 mL O2/gm X 15 gm/deciliter = 20 mL O2/deciliter
    • A plot of % saturation vs pO2 gives an S-shaped "hemoglobin dissociation curve"
    • At 100% saturation each hemoglobin binds 4 oxygen molecules
    • The hemoglobin dissociation curves in this lecture were calculated with an equation given by J. W. Severinghaus (Simple, accurate equations for human blood O2 dissociation computations. Journal of Applied Physiology 46: 599-602, 1979)
    At High Altitudes Hemoglobin Saturation May be Well Below 100%
    • At the alveolar pO2 of 105 mm Hg at sea level the hemoglobin will be about 97% saturated, but the saturation will fall at high altitudes
    • At 12,000 feet altitude alveolar pO2 will be about 60 mm Hg and the hemoglobin will be 90% saturated
    • At 29,000 feet (Mt. Everest) alveolar pO2 is about 24 mm Hg and the hemoglobin will be only 42% saturated
    • At very high altitudes most climbers must breath pure oxygen from tanks
    • During acclimatization to high altitude the hematocrit can rise to about 60%- this increases the amount of oxygen that can be carried
    • Hematocrits above 60% are not useful because the blood viscosity will increase to the point where it impairs circulation
    Fetuses Live in a Low Oxygen Environment and Require a Special Hemoglobin
    • The developing fetus cannot breathe and must get all of its blood from the placenta
    • Fetal blood has a very low pO2, about 30 mm Hg, equivalent to living at 26,000 feet altitude
    • The physiologist Barcroft labeled this situation "Everest in utero"
    • To extract more oxygen from the mother's blood fetuses make a special hemoglobin (hemoglobin F) which has a very high affinity for oxygen
    Acid Conditions Help Release O2 in the Tissues
    • Hemoglobin must bind oxygen tightly to load up efficiently in the lungs, but this makes it hard to release the oxygen in the tissues
    • Some unloading occurs because the tissue pO2 is low, causing oxygen to diffuses from the blood
    • Active tissues make lots of acid (carbonic and lactic) and this also helps to unload oxygen from the hemoglobin
    • At low pH hemoglobin has a lower affinity for oxygen; this will cause more oxygen to come off in the tissues- important in exercise
    • The increased unloading of O2 at low pH is known as the Bohr effect
    • The left (black) curve is at pH 7.4, the middle (red) curve is at pH 7.1, and the right (blue) curve is at pH 6.8. For any pO2 the hemoglobin is more saturated at pH 7.4 than at pH 6.8.
    • To test your understanding of these curves use the graph to determine how much O2 will be delivered to muscle tissues by a deciliter of blood under these conditions:
      • The pH where the blood is loaded (in the lungs) is 7.4 and the pO2 is 95 mm Hg
      • The pH where the blood is unloaded (in the muscle) is 6.8 and the pO2 is 35 mm Hg
      • Assume the blood has 15 gm hemoglobin per deciliter so that a deciliter carries 20 mL of O2 when it is 100% saturated
      • ANSWERS ARE AT BOTTOM OF PAGE.
    Hypoxia Can Have Several Causes
    • Hypoxia is tissue oxygen deficiency
    • Brain is the most sensitive tissue to hypoxia: complete lack of oxygen can cause unconsciousness in 15 sec and irreversible damage within 2 min.
    • Oxygen delivery and use can be interrupted at several sites
    Type of Hypoxia O2 Uptake in Lungs Hemoglobin Circulation Tissue O2 Utilization
    Hypoxic Low Normal Normal Normal
    Anemic Normal Low Normal Normal
    Ischemic Normal Normal Low Normal
    Histotoxic Normal Normal Normal Low
    • Causes:
      • Hypoxic: high altitude, pulmonary edema, hypoventilation, emphysema, collapsed lung
      • Anemic: iron deficiency, hemoglobin mutations, carbon monoxide poisoning
      • Ischemic: shock, heart failure, embolism
      • Histotoxic: cyanide poisoning (inhibits mitochondria)
    • Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning:
      • CO binds to the same heme Fe atoms that O2 binds to
      • CO displaces oxygen from hemoglobin because it has a 200X greater affinity for hemoglobin.
      • Treatment for CO poisoning: move victim to fresh air. Breathing pure O2 can give faster removal of CO
    • Cyanide poisoning:
      • Cyanide inhibits the cytochrome oxidase enzyme of mitochondria
      • Two step treatment for cyanide poisoning:
        • 1) Give nitrites
          • Nitrites convert some hemoglobin to methemoglobin. Methemoglobin pulls cyanide away from mitochondria.
        • 2) Give thiosulfate.
          • Thiosulfate converts the cyanide to less poisonous thiocyanate.
    Oxygen Delivery to Tissues: Effect of pH
      • (Bohr Effect)
        • To test your understanding of these curves use the graph to determine how much O2 will be delivered to muscle tissues by a deciliter of blood under these conditions:
          • The pH where the blood is loaded (in the lungs) is 7.4 and the pO2 is 95 mm Hg
          • The pH where the blood is unloaded (in the muscle) is 6.8 and the pO2 is 35 mm Hg
          • Assume the blood has 15 gm hemoglobin per deciliter so that a deciliter carries 20 mL of O2 when it is 100% saturated
        Start by drawing a line (green) from pO2 = 95 to the point where it intersects the pH 7.4 curve. Then draw a line parallel to the X axis that intersects the scale on the Y axis. You will see that the % saturation is about 97%. The amount of O2 loaded by a deciliter of blood will be:
        O2 loaded = .97 X 20 mL = 19.4 mL
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    THE HEART AS A PUMP-CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/the-heart-as-a-pump-cardiovascular-system-tutorial/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 18:35:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=404 The Right and Left Hearts are Connected in Series, but are Folded Together to Form a Single Unit
    • The right heart pumps blood only to the lungs; its output is low pressure (25 mm Hg)
    • The left heart pumps blood to the rest of the body; its output is high pressure (120 mm Hg)
    • Because the 2 hearts are attached they beat in synchrony
    • The 2 atria receive the incoming blood- they pump extra blood into the ventricles
    • The 2 ventricles produce enough pressure to push blood through the pulmonary and systemic circulations This diagram is modified from one in The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989).
    • The right side of the heart has been colored blue to indicate deoxygenated blood; the red color of the left side indicates oxygenated blood that has come from the lung.
    • There are no valves where the vena cavae and join the right atrium or where the pulmonary veins enter the left atrium. Pressures in the atria are small and valves are not needed.
    Pressure Causes Valves to Open and Close in the Heart Cycle
    • The heart has 2 sets of valves:
      • AV valves: between atria and ventricles
        • Flap type
        • Chorda tendinae & papillary muscles keep them from being pushed too far
        • Left heart: bicuspid or mitral (2 flaps)
        • Right heart: tricuspid: (3 flaps)
      • Semilunar valves: where arteries leave heart
        • Blood caught in the 3 cusps pushes them closed
          • Right heart: pulmonary semilunar
          • Left heart: aortic semilunar
      • Leaks in valves -> murmurs
      • Usually there are no valves where veins enter the atria
        • Not needed, low pressure
        • Exception is a valve between the inferior vena cava and right atrium, but this is missing in many adults
    • When the heart contracts pressure builds up, forcing the valves to close
      • Muscles are not required to close the valves
    • Valves in the cardiac cycle:
      Event AV Valves: Right: Tricuspid Left: Mitral Semilunar Valves: Right: Pulmonary Left: Aortic
      Filling of ventricle Open Closed
      Building up pressure Closed Closed
      Expelling blood Closed Open
    • Opening and closing of valves depends upon the pressures on opposite sides
      • Example: aortic valve
      • Closed during filling and building up of pressure in the left ventricle because pressure in the aorta is higher than pressure in the ventricle
      • When pressure in the left ventricle becomes higher than pressure in the aorta the aortic valve opens and blood is expelled from the heart
    Heart Sounds are Produced by the Closing of the Valves
    • Normal heart sounds are produced when valves snap closed: LUB-DUP
    • LUB = closing of AV valves: beginning of systole
    • DUP = closing of semilunar valves: end of systole
    • Abnormal valve sounds:
      • Leakage of valve -> swishing sound (murmur)
      • Narrowing of valve (stenosis) -> high pitched sound
    The Cardiac Output is the Product of Heart Rate and Stroke Volume
    • Normally about 5 liters/min
    • The cardiac output per minute (CO) is the product of the size of a single output, the stroke volume (SV), and the heat rate (HR) in beats/minute:
      • CO = HR X SV
      • = 70 beats/min X .07 liters/beat = 5 liters/min
    • If the SV is constant, doubling the HR will double the CO
    Heart Rate Can be Increased From About 70 to 200 Beats/Minute
    • Resting heart rate is about 60-80 beats/min (lower in athletes because they have large stroke volumes)
    • The HR can be increased about 3 times in exercise
    • Above about 200 beats/min the heart would not have time to fill properly- therefore nature limits the rate
    • Rate is controlled by the autonomic nervous system
    Stroke Volume is Controlled by Sarcomere Length
    • When the venous return of blood to the heart increases the heart beats more forcefully and puts out more blood: Frank- Starling's law of the heart
    • Can be explained by sarcomere length:
      • Cardiac muscle is like skeletal muscle: there is an optimum length for the sarcomeres
      • At rest heart sarcomeres are too short to give maximum tension
      • Filling heart to a greater volume stretches sarcomeres- they become more efficient and contract more strongly
      • More input -> sarcomeres stretch -> stronger contraction -> more output
    • Mechanism allows SV to increase about 1.5 to 2X.
    Blood Pressure is Caused by Cardiac Contraction
    • Blood pressure at the output of the left heart alternates between a high pressure (systole) and a lower pressure (diastole)
    • Systole:
      • When the heart beats (systole) the pressure in the arteries leaving the heart rises to about 120 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg)
    • Diastole:
      • Between beats (diastole) the arterial pressure drops to about 80 mm Hg
      • The diastolic pressure does not drop to 0 because the arterial walls are elastic
      • A force due to wall elasticity pushes on the arterial blood between beats
      • The 80 mm Hg diastolic pressure keeps the blood flowing between beats
    • Blood pressure is reported as systolic pressure over diastolic pressure
      • Example: 120/80
    • Pressure is a force per unit area. In engineering pressure is often given in pounds per square inch (PSI) or in dynes per square centimeter. Why then is blood pressure reported as millimeters of mercury? That seems to be the height of a column, not a pressure at all. Click to see an explanation of mm Hg pressure units.
    Systemic Blood Pressure Depends Upon Cardiac Output and Resistance to Flow
    • The more blood pumped into the arteries the higher the pressure
    • Pressure also goes up if there is more resistance to flow- this occurs when large numbers of arterioles constrict
    • The body changes both CO and resistance to adjust blood pressure
    • The higher the blood pressure the more work the heart must do to pump blood
    Blood Pressure is Regulated by Reflexes and the Kidney
    • Blood pressure must be closely regulated
      • If too low circulation will be poor;
      • If too high there is danger of arterial damage or hemorrhage
    • Short term regulation (seconds -> minutes): baroreceptor reflex
      • Example:
        • If you are lying down and suddenly stand up the pressure in the aorta will fall as blood flows to the lower limbs.
        • The baroreceptor reflex will cause the heart to speed up and increase its stroke volume.
        • This raises the cardiac output and the blood pressure will go up
      • Components of the reflex:
        • Pressure is measured by sensors in the arch of the aorta and in the carotid sinus (the carotids are the major arteries supplying blood to the brain)
        • The control center is in the medulla of the brain
        • Two nerves control the heart rate:
          • Vagus nerve: slows the heart
          • Accelerator nerve: speeds it up
    • Long term regulation (days -> years) is mainly by the kidney
      • Kidney regulates the salt and water content of the body, and these substances control the blood pressure
        • The more fluid in the blood vessels the higher the pressure
      • Salt:
        • Sodium retention is controlled by the Na pump
        • The hormone aldosterone increases Na pump activity in the kidney
        • The hormones renin and angiotensin control the amount of aldosterone secreted into the blood
      • Water:
        • If Na is retained the blood osmotic pressure rises and this causes water to be retained also- by osmosis in the kidney
        • Water reabsorption in the kidney requires water channels in the kidney tubules
        • The water channels are controlled by the antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
        • If ADH is present at high concentrations there will be much water reabsorbed and the blood pressure will rise
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    SHORT NOTES ON DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL NOTES http://biomedikal.in/short-notes-on-digital-image-processing-biomedical-notes/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 19:04:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=408 IMAGE   PROCESSING In this article, the basics of capturing an image, image processing to modify and enhance the image are discussed. There are many applications for Image Processing like surveillance, navigation, and robotics. Robotics is a very interesting field and promises future development so it is chosen as an example to explain the various aspects involved in Image Processing . The various techniques of Image Processing are explained briefly and the advantages and disadvantages are listed. There are countless different routines that can be used for variety of purposes. Most of these routines are created for specific operations and applications. However, certain fundamental techniques such as convolution masks can be applied to many classes of routines. We have concentrated on these techniques, which enable us to adapt, develop, and use other routines and techniques for other applications. The advances in technology have created tremendous opportunities for visual system and image processing. There is no doubt that the trend will continue into the future.

    INTRODUCTION

    Image Processing : Image processing pertains to the alteration and analysis of pictorial information. Common case of image processing is the adjustment of brightness and contrast controls on a television set by doing this we enhance the image until its subjective appearing to us is most appealing. The biological system (eye, brain) receives, enhances, and dissects analyzes and stores mages at enormous rates of speed. Basically there are two-methods for processing pictorial information. They are:
    1. Optical processing
    2. Electronic processing.
    Optical processing uses an arrangement of optics or lenses to carry out the process. An important form of optical image processing is found in the photographic dark room. Electronic image processing is further classified as:
    1. Analog processing
    2. Digital processing.
    Analog processing: These ple of this kind is the control of brightness and contrast of television image. The television signal is a voltage level that varies In amplitude to represent brightness through out the image by electrically altering these signals , we correspondingly alter the final displayed image  appearance. Digital image processing: Processing of digital images by means of digital computer refers to digital image processing. Digital images are composed of finite number of element of which has a particular location value. Picture elements, image elements, and pixels are used as elements used for digital image processing. Digital Image Processing is concerned with processing of an image. In simple words an image is a representation of a real scene, either in black and white or in color, and either in print form or in a digital form i.e., technically a image is a two-dimensional light intensity function.  In other words it is a data intensity values arranged in a two dimensional form, the required property of an image can be extracted from processing an image.  Image is typically by stochastic models. It is represented by AR model. Degradation is represented by MA model. Other form is orthogonal series expansion. Image processing system is typically non-casual system. Image processing is two dimensional signal processing. Due to linearity Property, we can operate on rows and columns separately. Image processing is vastly being implemented by “Vision Systems” in robotics. Robots are designed, and meant, to be controlled by a computer or similar devices. While “Vision Systems” are most sophisticated sensors used in Robotics. They relate the function of a robot to its environment as all other sensors do. “Vision Systems” may be used for a variety of applications, including manufacturing, navigation and surveillance. Some of the applications of Image Processing are: 1.Robotics.                                  3.Graphics and Animations. 2.Medical Field.                          4.Satellite Imaging.

    INDEX TERMS

    • Image Processing?
    Image processing is a subclass of signal processing concerned specifically   with Pictures.Improve image quality for human perception and/or computer interpretation. Image Enhancement To bring out detail is obscured, or simply to highlight certain features of interest in an image. Example:
    1. Image Restoration
    Improving the appearance of an image tend to be based on   mathematical or probabilistic models of image degradation. Example: DISTORTED IMAGE                                                            RESTORTED IMAGE
    1. Color Image Processing
    Gaining in importance because of the significant increase in the use of digital images over the Internet.
    1. Wavelets
    Foundation for representing images in various degrees of resolution.  Used in image data compression and pyramidal representation  (images are subdivided successively into smaller regions)
    1. Compression
    Reducing the storage required to save an image or the bandwidth   required to transmit it. Ex. JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) image compression standard.
    1. Morphological processing
    Tools for extracting image components that are useful in the                          representation and description of shape.
    1. Image Segmentation
    Computer tries to separate objects separate objects from the image              background from the image background. It is one of the most   difficult tasks in DIP. A rugged segmentation procedure brings the process a long way toward successful solution of an image problem. Output of the segmentation stage is raw pixel data, constituting either the boundary of a region or all the points in the region itself.

    ANALYSIS

    The following is the overall view and analysis of Image Processing.

    IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES:

    Image Processing techniques are used to enhance, improve, or otherwise alter an image and to prepare it for image analysis. Usually, during image processing information is not extracted from the image. The intention is to remove faults, trivial information, or information that may be important, but not useful, and to improve the image. Image processing is divided into many sub processes, including Histogram Analysis, Thresholding, Masking, Edge Detection, Segmentation, and others. STAGES IN IMAGE PROCESSING: _
    1.IMAGE ACQUISITION: An image is captured by a sensor (such as a monochrome or color TV camera) and digitized. If the output of the camera or sensor is not already in digital form, an analog-to digital converter digitizes it. 2.RECOGNITION AND INTERPRETATION: Recognition is the process that assigns a label to an object based on the information provided by its descriptors. Interpretation is assigning meaning to an ensemble of recognized objects. 3.SEGMENTATION: Segmentation is the generic name for a number of different techniques that divide the image into segments of its constituents. The purpose of segmentation is to separate the information contained in the image into smaller entities that can be used for other purposes. 4.REPRESENTATION AND DESCRIPTION: Representation and Description transforms raw data into a form suitable for the Recognition processing. 5. KNOWLEDGE BASE: A problem domain detailing the regions of an image where the information of interest is known to be located is known as knowledge base. It helps to limit the search. THRESHOLDING: Thresholding is the process of dividing an image into different portions by picking a certain grayness level as a threshold, comparing each pixel value with the threshold, and then assigning the pixel to the different portions, depending on whether the pixel’s grayness level is below the threshold or above the threshold value. Thresholding can be performed either at a single level or at multiple levels, in which the image is processed by dividing it into ” layers”, each with a selected threshold. Various techniques are available to choose an appropriate threshold ranging from simple routines for binary images to sophisticated techniques for complicated images. CONNECTIVITY: Sometimes we need to decide whether neighboring pixels are somehow “connected” or related to each other. Connectivity establishes whether they have the same property, such as being of the same region, coming from the same object, having a similar texture, etc. To establish the connectivity of neighboring pixels, we first have to decide upon a connectivity path. NOISE REDUCTION: Like other signal processing mediums, Vision Systems contains noises. Some noises are systematic and come from dirty lenses, faulty electronic components, bad memory chips and low resolution. Others are random and are caused by environmental effects or bad lighting. The net effect is a corrupted image that needs to be preprocessed to reduce or eliminate the noise. In addition, sometimes images are not of good quality, due to both hardware and software inadequacies; thus, they have to be enhanced and improved before other analysis can be performed on them. CONVOLUTION MASKS: A mask may be used for many different purposes, including filtering operations and noise reduction. Noise and Edges produces higher frequencies in the spectrum of a signal. It is possible to create masks that behave like a low pass filter, such that higher frequencies of an image are attenuated while the lower frequencies are not changed very much. There by the noise is reduced.

    EDGE DETECTION:

    Edge Detection is a general name for a class of routines and techniques that operate on an image and results in a line drawing of the image. The lines represented changes in values such as cross sections of planes, intersections of planes, textures, lines, and colors, as well as differences in shading and textures. Some techniques are mathematically oriented, some are heuristic, and some are descriptive. All generally operate on the differences between the gray levels of pixels or groups of pixels through masks or thresholds. The final result is a line drawing or similar representation that requires much less memory to be stored, is much simpler to be processed, and saves in computation and storage costs. Edge detection is also necessary in subsequent process, such as segmentation and object recognition. Without edge detection, it may be impossible to find overlapping parts, to calculate features such as a diameter and an area or to determine parts by region growing. IMAGE DATA COMPRESSION: Electronic images contain large amounts of information and thus require data transmission lines with large bandwidth capacity. The requirements for the temporal and spatial resolution of an image, the number of images per second, and the number of gray levels are determined by the required quality of the images. Recent data transmission and storage techniques have significantly improved image transmission capabilities, including transmission over the Internet. REAL-TIME IMAGE PROCESSING: In many of the techniques considered so far, the image is digitized and stored before processing. In other situations, although the image is not stored, the processing routines require long computational times before they are finished. This means that, in general, there is a long lapse between the time and image is taken and the time a result obtained. This may be acceptable in situations in which the decisions do not affect the process. However, in other situations, there is a need for real-time processing such that the results are available in real time or in a short enough time to be considered real time. Two different approaches are considered for real time processing. One is to design dedicated hardware such that the processing is fast enough to occur in real time. The other is to try to increase the efficiency of both the software and the hardware and thereby reduce processing and computational requirements. APPLICATION : Image Processing is vastly being implemented in Vision Systems in Robotics. Robots capture the real time images using cameras and process them to fulfill the desired action. A simple application in robotics using Vision Systems is a robot hand-eye coordination system. Consider that the robot’s task is to move an         object from one point to another point. Here the robots are fixed with cameras to view the object which is to be moved. The hand of the robot and the object that is to be captured are observed by the cameras, which are fixed to the robot in position, this real time image is processed by the image processing techniques to get the actual distance between the hand and the object. Here the base wheel of the robot’s hand is rotated through an angle which is proportional to the actual distance between hand and the object. Here a point in the target is obtained by using the Edge Detection Technique. The operation to be performed is controlled by the micro-controller, which is connected to the ports of the fingers of the robot’s hand. Using the software programs the operations to be performed are assigned keys from the keyboard. By pressing the relative key on the keyboard the hand moves appropriately. Here the usage of sensors/cameras and Edge Detection technique are related to Image Processing and Vision Systems. By this technique the complexity of using manual sensors is minimized to a great extent and thereby sophistication is increased. Hence image processing is used here in the study of robotics. APPLICATION 2: In the field of Medicine this is highly applicable in areas like Medical imaging, Scanning, Ultrasound and X-rays etc. Image Processing is rapidly used for MRI SCAN (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and CT SCAN (Computer Tomography). Tomography is an imaging technique that generates an image of a thin cross sectional slice of a test pieces

    ADVANTAGES

    • In medicine by using the Image Processing techniques the sophistication has increased. This lead to technological advancement.
    • Vision Systems are flexible, inexpensive, powerful tools that can be used with ease.
    • In Space Exploration the robots play vital role which in turn use the image processing techniques.
    • Image Processing is used for Astronomical Observations.
    • Also used in Remote Sensing, Geological Surveys for detecting mineral resources etc.
    • Also used for character recognizing techniques, inspection for abnormalities in industries.

    DISADVANTAGES

    • A Person needs knowledge in many fields to develop an application / or part of an application using image processing.
    • Calculations and computations are difficult and complicated so needs an expert in the field related. Hence it’s unsuitable and unbeneficial to ordinary programmers with mediocre knowledge.

    CONCLUSION

    It’s a critical study, which plays a vital role in modern world as it is involved with advanced use of science and technology. The advances in technology have created tremendous opportunities for Vision System and Image Processing. There is no doubt that the trend will continue into the future. from the above discussion we can conclude that this field has relatively more advantages than disadvantages and hence is very useful in varied branches. REFERENCES
    • INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTICS, ANALYSIS, SYSTEMS, APPLICATIONS  - SAEED B. NIKU
    • INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING – ANIL K.JAIN
    • Digital mage Processing - Rafael C. Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Addison Wesley 1993.
    • Image Processing Analysis, and Machine Vision 2nd edition PWS Publishing, 1998 - Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle.
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    How the Body Handles Drugs USING Kidney and Liver-INTERESTING FACT http://biomedikal.in/how-the-body-handles-drugs-using-kidney-and-liver-interesting-fact/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 19:25:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=413 Concentrations of Drugs in the Blood are a Balance Between Input and Output
    • The concentrations of all chemicals in your body are the result of a balance between input and output.
    • For drugs the input is usually a steady injection through an intravenous (IV) line or a periodic uptake through pills taken at regular intervals.
    • The output of drugs is mainly through 2 organs, the liver and kidney.
    • When the output equals the input a steady-state is attained and the concentration will no longer change:
    • Graph above shows a drug given as a pill every 8 hours. When the pill is given the serum concentration shoots up. The concentration falls between pills
    Graphs are from a Madonna computer simulation.
    • The second graph shows the serum concentration rising steadily when a drug is given by IV infusion. When the rate of excretion exactly equals the rate of infusion the concentration levels out.
    Role of the Liver
    • The liver takes up drugs and oxidizes them using cytochrome P450 enzymes. There are many of these iron-containing enzymes and each type is specialized for oxidizing certain types of chemicals.
    • Here are some features of the system:
      • Oxidation of the drugs usually makes them more water soluble or hydrophilic. Hydrophilic compounds are filtered more easily into the kidney tubules than hydrophobic ones.
      • Many of the P450 enzymes are adaptive- that is, exposure to a certain drug will cause greater production of the enzyme that attacks the drug.
      • The P450 enzymes have side reactions that produce compounds that are toxic to the liver. Thus prolonged high level use of any drug may damage the liver.
    • The liver has other methods of detoxifying drugs in addition to the P450 system. For example, many drugs are conjugated by attaching various molecules to their side chains.
    Role of the Kidney:
    • Most drugs are small and if they are hydrophilic they will be filtered across the glomerular membranes into the kidney tubules. If a drug is bound to a plasma protein less of it will be filtered and it may stay in the body for a long time.
    • Many things can happen to the filtered drug:
      • Since drugs are foreign substances, most are not reabsorbed actively and often they are rapidly eliminated in the urine. If a drug is reabsorbed it will be eliminated slower.
      • Some drugs are actively secreted into the tubules. There are transporters for secreting both organic acids and organic bases (many drugs fit one of these categories). A secreted drug will be eliminated faster than a similar one which is not secreted.
      • Sometimes we can manipulate the kidney to get faster elimination. In aspirin poisoning, for example, bicarbonate is sometimes given to make the blood more alkaline. This ionizes the aspirin and the ionized aspirin is reabsorbed more slowly from the kidney tubule- it stays in the tubule and is eliminated.
    Some Medical Consequences:
    • Whenever you use a therapeutic drug you are trying to get its blood concentration above a therapeutic level- if the concentration is below this level it will not produce the desired result.
      • The difference between toxic and therapeutic concentrations is called the therapeutic window
      • But all drugs are toxic at high concentrations and you must also keep the drug below the toxic level.
      • For many drugs this is easy- the 2 levels are far apart (wide therapeutic window), but for others (such as digitalis) the 2 levels are close together (narrow therapeutic window) and the concentration in the blood must be closely monitored.
    • If a patient is taking multiple drugs there may be cross reactions involving the P450 enzymes.
      • Drug B may inhibit the P450 enzyme for drug A for example.
      • Drug C may induce a P450 enzyme that eliminates drug A faster, etc..
    • There is a tendency to over-dose older persons.
      • As we get older both the liver and the kidney decline, making it harder to eliminate drugs from the blood.
      • The aging kidney loses nephrons. If half the nephrons are lost this will approximately double the half time of elimination for drugs filtered by the kidney
      • This will cause the blood concentration to rise. If we take the same dose as a younger person we may be over-dosed and this can result in a toxic level.
      • It is easy to prevent this for drugs eliminated mainly through the kidney. The filtration rate (GFR) is easily checked and if it is low dosage should be reduced for many drugs.
    • Properly dosed younger person: dose is high enough to be therapeutic, but low enough to avoid toxicity
    • Same dose given to an older person causes serum concentration to rise to above the toxic level because of reduced kidney function
      • The reduced kidney function produces a longer elimination half time (16 hours in this example)
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    413 2009-12-16 19:25:03 2009-12-16 19:25:03 open open how-the-body-handles-drugs-using-kidney-and-liver-interesting-fact publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262116229 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1260991510 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    PROCESING THE RADIOGRAPH-DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING NOTES http://biomedikal.in/procesing-the-radiograph-digital-image-processing-notes/ Wed, 16 Dec 2009 19:56:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=423 LINK UPDATED THIS IS THE BEST ARTICLE ON PROCESSING THE RADIOGRAPH AS FAR AS DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING IS CONCERNED SUMMARY HAS BEEN GIVEN BELOW FULL ARTICLE CAN BE DOWNLOADED FROM THIS LINK GIVEN BELOW IT IS REALLY INFORMATIVE AND EASY TO LEARN IT IS A SURE SHOT QUESTION OF MDU ROHTAKL ALSO. DOWNLOAD LINK SUMMARY
    When an X-ray film has been exposed, it must be processed in order to produce a permanent visible radiographic image that can be kept without deterioration for a number of years. Processing transforms the latent image into a visible image. The term for the several procedures that collectively produce the visible, permanent image is processing and consists of developing, rinsing, fixing, washing and drying procedures
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    423 2009-12-16 19:56:15 2009-12-16 19:56:15 open open procesing-the-radiograph-digital-image-processing-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262956035 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1260993390 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    ACTION POTENTIAL & NERVES-TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/action-potential-nerves-tutorial/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:24:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=427 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]In saltatory conduction, an action potential a...[/caption] Nerves Have Axons, Dendrites and Cell Bodies
    • Nerve cells are designed to respond to stimuli and transmit information over long distances
    • Nerve cell has 3 parts:
      • Cell body:
        • Has single nucleus
        • Has most of nerve cell metabolism, especially protein synthesis
        • Proteins made in cell body must be delivered to other parts of nerve
      • Axon:
        • Long cylinder, designed to transmit an electrical impulse
        • Can be several meters long in vertebrates (giraffe axons go from head to tip of spine)
        • Has axonal transport system for delivering proteins to ends of cell
        • Transport system has "molecular motors" which ride upon tubulin rails
      • Dendrites:
        • Receive impulses from other nerves
        • In the human brain each nerve is connected to approximately 10,000 other nerves, mostly through dendritic connections
    Nerves Transmit Information as Action Potentials
    • Action potential is a temporary change in the membrane potential that is transmitted along the axon
      • Usually initiated in the cell body
      • Travels in one direction normally
        • Axon can potentially conduct in both directions, but connections usually prevent this
      • Membrane potential depolarizes (becomes more positive) producing a spike
      • After the peak of the spike the membrane repolarizes (becomes more negative)
        • The potential becomes more negative than the resting potential (negative afterpotential) and then returns to normal
      • The action potentials of most nerves last 5-10 milliseconds (action potentials of cardiac muscle are much longer)
      • The conduction velocity of action potentials is about 1-100 meters/sec (see section on myelin sheath below)
    Action Potentials are Initiated by Many Different Types of Stimuli
    • Sensory nerves respond to stimuli of many types: chemical, light, electricity, pressure, touch, stretch, etc.
    • In the central nervous system (brain & spinal cord) most nerves are stimulated by chemical activity at synapses
    Stimuli Must be Above a Threshold Level to Set off an Action Potential
    • Very weak stimuli cause a small local electrical disturbance, but do not produce a transmitted action potential
    • The graph above shows the electrical disturbances produced by a series of weak (subthreshold) electrical stimuli- the depolarization is very small (less than 1 mV) and no action potential is produced
    • When the stimulus strength is increased a little more the threshold is reached and an action potential appears and travels down the nerve as shown in the graph below. Note that the depolarization is much greater, about 110 mV (-70 to +40 mV). The almost flat bottom curve shows the subthreshold response
    The Spike of the Action Potential is Caused by Opening of Na Channels
    • The Na pump produces gradients of both Na and K ions- both are used to produce the action potential
    • Na is high outside the cell and low inside
    • Excitable cells have special Na and K channels with gates that open and close in response to the membrane voltage (voltage-gated channels)
    • Opening gates of Na channels allows Na to rush into the cell, carrying + charge. This makes the membrane potential positive (depolarization), producing the spike
    The Membrane Recovers by Closing the Na Channels and Opening K Channels
    • The Na spike does not last long
    • Two things bring the voltage back to negative values (repolarization):
      • The Na channels close
        • The have a second slow gate that closes when the voltage becomes positive
      • Potassium channels open when the voltage becomes positive
        • The K gradient is in the opposite direction, so K flows outward making the membrane potential more negative
        • These channels are slower than the Na channels, so Na has the initial advantage, but later K kicks in to bring things back to normal
    • Because K permeability is higher than in the resting state the membrane has a negative afterpotential
    The Action Potential is Conducted in an All-or-None Manner
    • If you take a piece of string and soak it in a salt solution it will conduct electricity
      • If you apply an electrical stimulus at one end you will find that the magnitude of the impulse falls as it travels along the string
      • A simple string would not be very good for long distance conduction of an electrical impulse
    • If you apply a stimulus to a nerve the action potential; stays the same magnitude all along the nerve
      • This is called the all-or none-law
      • Nerves are designed for long distance conduction of electrical impulses
    • Aspects of the all-or-none law:
      • If the stimulus is too low there is no action potential (this is the "none" part; see threshold below)
      • If the stimulus is above a threshold the action potential is always the same size- it does not get larger for stronger stimuli
      • As the action potential travels along the axon it does not die out, but stays the same size
    • As the action potential travels along it triggers the next section of axon to fire
    • Like a burning fuse: the heat of the burning section is sufficient to cause the next section of fuse to start burning
    Conduction Velocity is Increased by a Myelin Sheath
    • Many nerves have an insulating layer called the myelin sheath
      • Produced by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system and oligodendrogliocytes in the central nervous system
      • Multiple layers of lipid membranes are wrapped around the nerve
      • Gaps are left every few millimeters: called Nodes of Ranvier
    • In a myelinated nerve the impulse jumps from node to node
    • Advantage: conduction velocity increases 10 to 100 X
      • Conduction velocity for ordinary nerve = ~1 meter/sec (depends upon diameter)
      • Conduction velocity for myelinated nerve = ~100 meters/sec
    • Demyelinating diseases cause sever nerve defects
      • Autoimmune diseases: immune system attacks nerves
      • Multiple sclerosis: demyelination in the central nervous system -> delayed or blocked conduction in some nerves
    The Nerve Has a Refractory Period
    • After a nerve has fired there is a refractory period during which it cannot be stimulated- it must recover before it can fire again
    • To recover the second, inhibitory gate in the Na channel must open: this resets the channel
    • In the graph above the nerve is stimulated at 0.25 milliseconds and this produces the first action potential
    • It is stimulated a second time at 3.5, 4, 4.5 and 5 milliseconds, but nothing happens- the nerve is refractory
    • A second stimulus at 5.5 milliseconds produces a second action potential- the nerve has recovered by this time
    • The refractory period controls the rate at which a membrane can fire (long refractory period -> slow firing rate)
    Some Drugs and Toxins Inhibit Na Channels
    • Local anesthetics such as lidocaine block Na channels and inhibit action potentials
      • This blocks the conduction of pain fibers
    • The puffer fish toxin, tetrodotoxin, is a powerful inhibitor of Na channels
      • Inhibits action potentials and blocks nerve conductance
    • Blocking conductance of certain nerves (i.e., those that control respiration) can be lethal
    Muscle Membranes Also Conduct Action Potentials
    • Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle membranes also conduct action potentials
    • They operate in the same way as nerve membranes but some of the details are different- for example, in cardiac muscle Ca ions are very important and the action potential duration is much longer
    More Information: Eric Chudler of the University of Washington has created an exciting Neuroscience for Kids website. Check out his action potential page. The Madonna computer program was developed at UC Berkeley by Robert Macey and George Oster. If you are interested you can download a trial copy. The program is easy to learn, but it helps if you have had a little calculus. The Hodgkin & Huxley nerve axon equations are described at the website for Macey & Oster's computer simulation class.
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    427 2009-12-17 08:24:34 2009-12-17 08:24:34 open open action-potential-nerves-tutorial publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060139 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261038292 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SNELLEN'S CHART-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/snellens-chart-basic-clinical-sciences-tutorial/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:30:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=435 A Snellen chart is an eye chart used by eye care professionals and others to measure visual acuity. Snellen charts are named after the Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen who developed the chart in 1862

    The traditional Snellen chart is printed with eleven lines of block letters. The first line consists of one very large letter, which may be one of several letters, for example E, H, N, or A. Subsequent rows have increasing numbers of letters that decrease in size. A patient taking the test covers one eye, and reads aloud the letters of each row, beginning at the top. The smallest row that can be read accurately indicates the patient's visual acuity in that eye.

    The symbols on an acuity chart are formally known as "optotypes." In the case of the traditional Snellen chart, the optotypes have the appearance of block letters, and are intended to be seen and read as letters. They are not, however, letters from any ordinary typographer's font. They have a particular, simple geometry in which:

    • the thickness of the lines equals the thickness of the white spaces between lines and the thickness of the gap in the letter "C"
    • the height and width of the optotype (letter) is five times the thickness of the line.

    Only the ten letters C, D, E, F, L, N, O, P, T, Z are used in the traditional Snellen chart.

    Snellen fraction

    Visual acuity = Distance at which test is made / distance at which the smallest optotype identified subtends an angle of 5 arcminutes.

    Snellen defined “standard vision” as the ability to recognize one of his optotypes when it subtended 5 minutes of arc. Thus the optotype can only be recognized if the person viewing it can discriminate a spatial pattern separated by a visual angle of 1 minute of arc.

    Limitation

    The fact that the number of letters increases while the size decreases introduces two variables, rather than just one. Some people may simply (or unconsciously) memorize the Snellen chart before being tested by it, or between tests of one eye and the other, to give the impression that their vision is good.

    Several studies indicate that the crowding together of letters makes them inherently more difficult to read. Another issue is that there are fairly large and uneven jumps in acuity level between the rows.

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    435 2009-12-17 08:30:52 2009-12-17 08:30:52 open open snellens-chart-basic-clinical-sciences-tutorial publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261038748 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261038653 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SKIN BARRIER AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN HUMAN BODY-PHYSIOLOGY TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/skin-barrier-and-temperature-control-in-human-body-physiology-tutorial/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:37:40 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=439 The Skin is a Composite of 3 Layers
    • This diagram is from the copyright-free collection, The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989).
    • Epidermis: outermost layer, mostly dead keratinized cells (stratified squamous epithelium). No blood vessels, gets nutrition from dermis. Dead cells slough off and are replaced by dividing cells in the stratum basale. Half life of skin cells about 35 days.
    • Dermis: contains blood vessels, nerves, sensory receptors for touch, pressure, hot, cold, pain. Also has hair follicles and sweat glands. All this is imbedded in fibrous connective tissue.
    • Hypodermis: innermost layer. Has adipose and connective tissue . Connects to underlying muscles.
    The Skin is a Selective Barrier to Organisms, Chemicals and Energy
    • Microorganisms: the skin is a physical barrier to microbial invasion except where it is damaged by cuts and abrasions. The secretion of an antibacterial enzyme (lysozyme) in sweat and the acidic nature of skin secretions also discourage bacteria.
    • Chemicals: oils and other lipids make the skin waterproof and block the flow of both water and water-soluble materials.
    • Energy: the black pigment, melanin, absorbs light in the outer layer of skin, protecting the inner layers. Melanin is made in epidermal melanocytes. Skin exposed to light darkens due to increased melanin production. Skin also controls the flow of heat in and out of the body. Heat flow is reduced by layers of adipose tissue and hair (not too important in humans except on the head). Blood flow can be regulated to control heat loss.
    Mammals and Birds are Homeotherms
    • Mammals and birds maintain a constant body temperature (homeotherms = warm blooded): mammals about 37 deg C (99 deg F); birds about 40 deg C ( 105 deg F).
    • Body temperatures of homeotherms are usually above the environmental temperature
    • Warm blooded animals have many advantages- faster, more active, etc.
    • There is a price to warm bloodedness: higher metabolic rate, more food needed
    Body Temperature Results from a Balance Between Production and Loss of Heat
    • Heat is constantly produced and lost
    • In a balanced state production and loss of heat will be equal and the temperature will be constant
    Temperature is Controlled from Sites in the Hypothalamus
    • Temperature control requires sensors, a control center, effectors
    • Temperature sensor are found throughout the body: skin, body core, brain
      • Two types- respond to hot and cold
    • Control center is in the hypothalamus of the brain
      • Hypothalamus acts as a thermostat- has a temperature set point
    • Efffectors:
      • Produce more heat (increased metabolic rate, shivering, brown fat metabolism)
      • Change heat loss (blood vessel dilation or constriction, erection of hair, curling up, sweating)
    Skin is the Primary Organ for Removal of Metabolic Heat
    • About 90% of body heat is lost through the skin
    • If body temperature is too high the skin can dilate blood vessels and increase blood flow by 150 times to loose excess heat
      • In cold weather skin will constrict blood vessels and release heat loss
    • Heat loss is by radiation, conduction, convection and sweating
    • Newton's law of cooling governs heat loss by radiation & conduction
      • Heat loss = (heat conductance)(temperature difference)
      • Temperature difference = (body temp - ambient temp)
    • Sweating can be used to lose enormous amounts of heat
      • Sweat glands originate in the dermis- ducts penetrate epidermis, releasing secretion on skin surface
      • Heat of vaporization of water is about 580 Calories/liter
      • If the ambient temperature is higher than the body temperature, sweating is the only way we can lose heat
      • Sweat glands are activated by nerves from the sympathetic nervous system-
    • Skin also contains muscles (arrector pili) which erect hair shafts (piloerection), increasing insulation- probably not too important in humans
    Failure of Temperature Regulation on Hot Days Can Cause Heat Exhaustion and Heatstroke
    • You can lose as much as 1.5 liters of water per hour as sweat
    • If this water is not replaced blood pressure will fall and heat regulation will fail and body temperature will rise
    • This is heat exhaustion- skin will be wet and cool from sweating- treat by replacing water and salt that has been lost
    • Heat stroke is a failure of the sweating mechanism- skin will be dry and hot- very dangerous, treat by rapid cooling
    Fever Occurs When the Temperature Set-Point is Raised
    • Fevers are caused by in increase in the temperature set point- the thermostat has been set higher
      • Caused by bacterial toxins
      • Fevers are probably beneficial in recovery from infections if they do not get too high
    • Fevers can be caused by increased metabolism, reduced heat conduction, or both
    • The graph below shows a Madonna computer simulation of temperature regulation
      • At 10 minutes the metabolic rate was increased 10% and the heat conductance was reduced 10%
      • Body temperature rises from 37 deg C (98.6 deg F) to 40.6 deg C (105 deg F) in about 1 hour
      • Bottom line: relatively small changes in metabolic rate and heat conductance can cause significant temperature changes
      Excessive Heat Loss Can Cause Hypothermia and Frostbite
      • Long exposure to cold (especially in water) will cause body temperature to drop
      • Below about 33 deg C (92 deg F) body functions start to deteriorate- death due to ventricular fibrillation occurs at about 25 deg C (76 deg F)
      • As temperature drops the body will reduce blood flow to hands and feet first to preserve the body core temperature- this can result in frostbite of the extremities
      Skin Pigments Regulate UV Light Exposure of the Skin
      • Skin pigments, especially melanin, absorb ultraviolet (UV) light and regulate the amount that enters the skin
      • UV light:
        • UVA = wavelengths above 320 nm
          • Less dangerous than UVB, but may cause some cancer
        • UVB = 280-320 nm
          • Causes sunburn & cancer
          • UV damages DNA -> mutations -> cancer
          • Required for vitamin D synthesis
        • UVC = wavelengths below 280 nm
          • Doesn't penetrate Earth's atmosphere
          • Absorbed by ozone layer
      • Melanin:
        • Produced from the amino acid, tyrosine
        • Made in skin cells called melanocytes
      • Protective effects of melanin
        • Reduces skin cancer by absorbing UV
          • In white skin 20-30% of UVB passes through the epidermis
          • In dark black skin only 5% of UVB crosses the epidermis (acts as a sun shield)
        • Protects folic acid from degradation from DNA
          • Folic acid is required for synthesis of N-bases (purines & pyrimidines)
          • Folic acid deficiency during pregnancy can cause neural tube defects (i.e., spina bifida)
      • Some UV light is required for synthesis of vitamin D
        • In the skin UV light converts a cholesterol derivative into previtamin D3
        • Previtamin D3 is converted into the active vitamin in the liver and kidney
        • A person with dark skin living at high latitudes, or someone who stays indoors, may become vitamin D deficient due to lack of UV exposure
      • Skin melanin may be genetically determined to regulate UV light
      • People adapted to the Tropics, where there is a lot of sunlight, tend to have darker skins
      • People adapted to the Far North, where there is less light, have lighter skins
      • Melanin level seems to be genetically determined
        • Enough to prevent birth defects caused by folic acid deficiency
        • Not so much that vitamin D deficiency occurs
      More Information The theory that skin pigments have evolved to allow vitamin D synthesis while preventing UV degradation of folic acid has been proposed by Nina Jablonski and George Chaplin of the California Academy of Sciences:
      • Nina Jablonski and George Chaplin. The evolution of human skin coloration. Journal of Human Evolution 39: 57-106 , 2000
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    439 2009-12-17 08:37:40 2009-12-17 08:37:40 open open skin-barrier-and-temperature-control-in-human-body-physiology-tutorial publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262116211 email_notification 1261039079 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SHORT NOTES ON BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES--EAR AND HEARING MECHANISM- http://biomedikal.in/short-notes-on-basic-clinical-sciences-ear-and-hearing-mechanism/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:42:36 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=444 Sound is Produced by Vibrations in Matter (Air, Liquids, Solids)
    • Anything which causes matter to vibrate will produce sound
    • Vocal cords vibrate and push on the air flowing through the larynx, causing the air to vibrate
    • Sound cannot travel through a vacuum
    • Sound velocities:
      • Air: 344 meters/sec (770 miles/hr)
      • Water: 1500 meters/sec (3360 miles/hr)
      • Solids: about 5000 meters/sec (11,200 miles/hr)
    Pitch is Determined by the Frequency of Vibration
    • We perceive fast vibrations as high pitches, slow vibrations as low pitches
    • When we are young we can hear vibrations from about 20 hertz to about 20,000 hertz
    • A hertz = cycle/second
    • Middle C on the music scale is 256 hertz
    Sound Intensities Are Measured in Decibels
    • The stronger the vibration (the higher the sound pressure) the louder the noise
    • The scale used for sound intensity is logarithmic because of the very wide range of sound intensities that we encounter
    • The ear is sensitive to sound intensities over a range of a million to one
    • Sound intensities are given in decibels (dB)
      • Decibel = 20 X log P/Po
      • P = sound pressure;
      • Po = reference sound pressure = pressure at threshold of hearing for 4000 herz tone
    • The human ear can respond to a range of sound intensities of about a million to one
    • For an intensity a million times Po the number of decibels is:
      • Decibels = 20 X log (1,000,000/1) = 120
      • Sounds louder than this will be painful and will damage the ear
    • A few examples of sound intensities:
      • Threshold of hearing (4000 herz) = 0 dB
      • Soft whisper = 20 dB
      • Conversation = 60 dB
      • Busy traffic = 70 dB
      • Rock band = 120 dB
      • Pain threshold = 130 dB
    Basic Ear Anatomy The Ear Has 3 Essential Parts
    • mechanism for collecting and amplifying sound
    • a transducer to convert sound vibrations into action potentials
    • nerves to deliver the action potential signals to the brain for interpretation
    The Outer Ear Collects Sound Waves
    • The pinna (auricle) and ear canal funnel the waves inward to the eardrum (tympanic membrane)
    • The waves cause the eardrum to vibrate
    Bones of the Middle Ear (Malleus, Incus, Stapes) Amplify the Sound Waves
    • The eardrum attaches to the malleus (hammer)
    • The malleus attaches to the incus (anvil), which in turn attaches to the stapes (stirrup)
    • The stapes is attached to the oval window of the cochlea
    • Because of the way the bones are attached together the vibrations in the oval window are 20X larger than those in the eardrun (amplification)
    • If the sound is too loud small muscles attached to the ear bones contract and dampen the vibrations
    This diagram is modified from one in The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989). The Cochlea Converts Sound Vibrations to Action Potentials in the Auditory Nerve
    • Vibration of the oval window causes cochlear fluid (perilymph & endolymph) to vibrate
    • The fluid vibrations in turn cause the basilar membrane to vibrate, producing traveling waves
    • The basilar membrane vibrations cause hair cells to bend -> generator potential
    • If generator potentials are large enough they will stimulate fibers of the auditory nerve to produce action potentials
    • Different pitches are detected in different parts of the cochlea:
      • High pitches produce traveling waves at the base of the cochlea (near the oval window)
      • Low pitches produce traveling waves at the apex
    The Ear is More Sensitive to Some Frequencies than to Others
    • The ear is most sensitive to tones best in the range of 500 to 4000 hertz (this is the range of normal speech)
    • An audiogram measures the hearing threshold at different frequencies: note that the threshold is lowest at middle frequencies:
    • At about 120 decibels we start to feel the sound as a tickling sensation
    • The ear is useful in the decibel range between the hearing threshold and the feeling threshold
    • At about 130-140 decibels sound starts to produce pain
    • As we age we loose our ability to hear high pitched sounds (see red curve on graph)
      • Later loss occurs in the speech range
    The Auditory Nerve Delivers the Action Potential Signals to the Temporal Cortex
    • After synapsing in the thalamus auditory impulses are sent to the temporal cortex
    • Different tones are sent to different parts of the cortex
    • If the sounds have special meaning (speech, music) other parts of the cortex are activated
    • Auditory reflexes are controlled by the inferior colliculus
    Deafness Can Be Conduction, Sensorineural or Central
    • Conduction deafness: mechanical problems in conducting sound to oval window- often caused by problems with ear bones (middle ear infections)
    • Sensorineural deafness: cochlear or auditory nerve damage- often caused by hair cell loss
    • Central deafness: damage to auditory pathways or centers in the central nervous system- sometimes caused by strokes
    More Information Click to see QuickTime animations of the ear in action (John Brugge, Thomas Pasic, Bill Rhode and Tom Yin , University of Wisconsin). If you are interested in music you may enjoy David Worrall's notes on the Physics and Psychophysics of music. The Center for Hearing Loss in Children in Omaha, NE, has a site that shows how hearing loss affects speech perception.
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    444 2009-12-17 08:42:36 2009-12-17 08:42:36 open open short-notes-on-basic-clinical-sciences-ear-and-hearing-mechanism publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261039632 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261039373 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    TONOMETER-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/tonometer-basic-clinical-sciences/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:48:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=449 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Conventional surgery to treat glaucoma makes a...[/caption] WHAT IS TONOMETER? THIS PARAGRAPH HAS BEEN WRITTEN IN REFERENCE TO MDU ROHTAK EXAM PATTERN In order to ensure a person's optic nerves are healthy, optometrists check the pressure placed on them by the fluid in the eyes. This pressure is called intraocular pressure and should measure between 10 mmHg and 21 mmHg. Measurements that are higher than normal can be a sign of early glaucoma or retinal detachment. The tool used to measure intraocular pressure is called a tonometer. A tonometer is used to measure the production of aqueous humor, the liquid found inside the eye, and the rate at which it drains into the tissue surrounding the cornea. Usually, the tests performed by a tonometer are simple and require only a short span of time to complete. The most basic type of tonometer is called an Air Jet Tonometer. This machine provides a quick and forceful blast of air onto the surface of the eyes, which flattens the cornea. The instrument then measures the rate at which the eye fluids rebound and fill the space where the liquid has just been pushed aside by the blast of air. The Air Jet Tonometer does not require eye drops, and the results are available within seconds. This type of tonometer is also reasonably priced, making it the most commonly used type of tonometer for optometrists. An alternative type of tonometer is a pen shaped object called a Tono-Pen, which barely touches the eye's surface. Numbing drops are first placed onto the eye. Then, this tonometer gently rests on the surface of the eye in order to get an accurate pressure reading. Tono-Pens sell for well over 2,000 US dollars (USD), so they are not always used by eye care professionals. A newer version of the Tono-Pen is the Diaton Tonometer, which looks much like a cross between a pen and a digital thermometer. The Diaton Tonometer works within seconds, does not require eye drops and never touches the cornea, yet gives extremely accurate readings. The Goldman Tonometer is the most accurate tonometer on the market, but also the most expensive. Priced in the high thousands of USD, the Goldman Tonometer is unaffordable for many eye care professionals and used mainly for patients who have already been diagnosed with glaucoma. The Goldman Tonometer utilizes a small cone that is gently placed against the eye's surface in order to measure the intraocular pressure, making it necessary to first apply numbing drops.
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    449 2009-12-17 08:48:27 2009-12-17 08:48:27 open open tonometer-basic-clinical-sciences publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060106 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261039722 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    EYE AND ITS VISION-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/eye-and-its-vision-basic-clinical-sciences/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 08:58:36 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=453 Both Light and Sound Have Oscillating Waves
    Velocity Travels Through Vacuum? Wavelength Frequency
    Light 186,000 miles/sec (300,000 km/sec) in vacuum Yes 400-700 nm 4 X 10^14 to 7 X 10 ^14 cycles/sec
    Sound About 700 mph (about 340 m/sec) (1 mile per 5 seconds) in air No .02 to 20 meters 20-20,000 cycles/sec
    • Sound and light are waves in which the amplitude oscillates with time
      • For pure tones or colors the oscillation is a sine wave with a fixed wavelength and frequency
      • The wavelength is the distance between 2 peaks of the wave
      • Frequency is the number of waves per second
      • Wavelength and frequency are related:
      • Frequency X Wavelength = Velocity of Wave
    • Wavelength is associated with the pitch of a sound or the color of light
    • Amplitude is related to the loudness of sound or the brightness of light
    • Note thate light is almost a million times faster than sound and can travel through a vacuum. (Remember that light travels through the vacuum of space from the sun to earth).
    • Even though it is slower sound has some advantages as a signal: we can use it in the dark for one. Also sound passes quite well through liquids and solids even when they are opaque.
    • Both are eyes and ears are exquisitely sensitive. The eye can detect a single packet (photon) of light (the smallest possible unit)! The ear can detect a vibration the fraction of a diameter of a hydrogen atom!
    Light Waves Have Wavelengths From 400 to 700 Nanometers
    • Light is a form of electromagnetic waves- travels
    • through space
    • Each color is associated with a different wavelength
      • Violet colors have wavelengths around 400 nanometers (nm)
      • Yellow colors are close to 580 nm
      • Red colors have wavelengths around 700 nm
    • White light is a mixture of the colors of the rainbow; a prism splits white light into the various colors:
    Basic Eye Anatomy This diagram is modified from one in The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989). The Eye Has 3 Essential Parts
    • Optical apparatus for collecting and focusing light (also contols for adjusting amount of light entering the eye)
    • Light sensitive detector system (for both light & dark and color)
    • Nerve pathways routing signals to the brain for interpretation
    The Iris Controls the Amount of Light Entering the Eye
    • The iris constricts and dilates to cotrol the amount of light entering the eye (pupillary light reflex)
    • The pupil is the hole in the center of the iris
    • The iris has 2 rings of muscles: sphincter (constrict pupil) and dilator (open pupil) muscles
    • The iris sphincter is controlled by the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III: parasympathetic)
    • The dilator muscle is controlled by sympathetic nerves
    Light is Focused by the Cornea and Lens
    • Most of the focusing is done by the cornea which is a transparent section of the sclera
    • Cornea is non-adjustable (fixed focus)
    • Lens (very elastic) gives fine adjustment to focus
    • Lenses give inverted images
    To Focus Light the Lens Must Change Shape
    • Camera lens focuses by moving closer to or farther away from film
    • Eye lens focuses by changing shape
    • Lenses bend or refract light waves
    • The more curved the lens surface the more bending (refraction)
    • The lens is held in place by suspensory ligaments
    • Contraction of ciliary muscle relaxes ligaments -> lens curvature increases ( focuses for near vision)
    • Relaxation of ciliary muscle -> lens flattens, less curvature (focuses for far vision)
    • Ciliary muscle is also controlled by the oculomotor nerve (parasympathetic response is focus for near vision)
    Most of Us Have Focusing Problems During Our Lifetime
    • Farsightedness (hyperopia): eyeball too short -> near focus poor
    • Nearsightedness (myopia): eyeball too long -> far focus poor
    • Presbyopia: lens becomes stiff with age, cannot change shape
    Six Muscles Turn the Eyeball: This diagram is modified from one in The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989). In Near Vision the Eye Accomodates
    • Focus for near vision
    • Pupil constriction- only center of lens used -> better depth focus
    • Convergence- keeps both eyes focused on the same object
    The Retina Has 2 Types of Light Detectors: Rods & Cones
    • Rods detect light and dark. About 120 million in eye
    • Cones detect colors. About 6 million in eye.
    • Both rods and cones have light-sensitive pigments derived from vitamin A (rhodopsin, iodopsin)
    Color Vision is Best in the Fovea Centralis
    • Fovea centralis is a depression in the retina ; has the greatest density of cones
    • Fovea also has the greatest visual acuity (ability to distinguish 2 points as separate points)
    Three Types of Cones Account for Color Vision
    • There are red, green and blue sensitive cones
    • These 3 types can produce sensations of all the colors in the rainbow
    • A deficiency in one of the types of cones causes color blindness
    Generator Potentials of Rods and Cones Activate the Optic Nerve
    • When rods or cones are struck by light they produce a small generator potential
    • This is not an action potential- it is not propagated
    • If the generator potentials are large enough they will depolarized fibers of the optic nerve (ganglion cells) and produce action potentials that will travel to the brain
    • The generator potentials are modified in complicated ways by other cells in the retinal layer
    Some Visual Nerve Fibers Cross in the Optic Chiasma
    • The optic chiasma is a prominent X-shaped landmark on the ventral side of the brain
    • Fibers from the area of retina closest to the nose cross over; fibers from the lateral part of the retina do not cross
    • Because of this crossover the right optic tract carries sensation from the left visual field & vice versa
    The Occipital Cortex is the Primary Area for Vision
    • Optic fibers go to the thalamus (lateral geniculate body); after synapsing they go to the occipital lobe of the cortex
    • Light impulses are mapped out in 2 dimensiona on the occipital cortex
    • Brain constructs a 3 dimensional image from the sensory data
    • Fovea centralis has a much larger area on cortex than nerves from other parts of the retina
    Visual Reflexes are Handled in the Superior Colliculus (Midbrain)
    • Some of the fibers in the thalamus branch and go to the superior colliculus in the midbrain
    • The superior colliculus is involved in light reflexes (pupil reflex)
    Visual Pathways of the Brain (Occipital Cortex on Left)
    • Label the occipital cortex, lateral geniculate, superior colliculus, optic chiasma, retina and lens. Color the fibers so you can see which ones cross over.
    This diagram is modified from one in The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration, edited by Peter Cull (Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989). More Information Mark McCourt of North Dakota State University has an excellent set of internet notes on the physiology and psychology of vision. John Krantz of Hanover College has an interesting website on Vision in Art.
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    453 2009-12-17 08:58:36 2009-12-17 08:58:36 open open eye-and-its-vision-basic-clinical-sciences publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261041449 email_notification 1261040330 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SHORT NOTE ON PHOTOTHERAPY-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/short-note-on-phototherapy-basic-clinical-sciences/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 09:17:32 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=460
    Light Therapy
    Image by cabarney via Flickr
    Phototherapy Definition Phototherapy, or light therapy, is the administration of doses of bright light in order to normalize the body's internal clock and/or relieve depression. DESCRIPTION Phototherapy is generally administered at home. The most commonly used phototherapy equipment is a portable lighting device known as a light box. The box may be mounted upright to a wall, or slanted downwards towards a table. The patient sits in front of the box for a prescribed period of time (anywhere from 15 minutes to several hours). Some patients with SAD undergo phototherapy sessions two or three times a day, others only once. The time of day and number of times treatment is administered depend on the physical needs and lifestyle of the individual patient. If phototherapy has been prescribed for the treatment of SAD, it typically begins in the fall months as the days begin to shorten, and continues throughout the winter and possibly the early spring. The light from a slanted light box is designed to focus on the table it sits upon, so patients may look down to read or do other sedentary activities during therapy. Patients using an upright light box must face the light source (although they need not look directly into the light). The light sources in these light boxes typically range from 2,500–10,000 lux. (In contrast, average indoor lighting is 300–500 lux; a sunny summer day is about 100,000 lux). Phototherapy prescribed for the treatment of SAD may be covered by insurance. Individuals requiring phototherapy should check with their insurance company to see if the cost of renting or purchasing a light box is covered.
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    460 2009-12-17 09:17:32 2009-12-17 09:17:32 open open short-note-on-phototherapy-basic-clinical-sciences publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261042061 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261041453 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ANATOMY AND MECHANICS OF RESPIRATION-TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/anatomy-and-mechanics-of-respiration-tutorial/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 09:28:23 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=464 The Respiratory System is Designed to Bring in Oxygen and Remove Carbon Dioxide
    • A person with an average ventilation rate of 7.5 L/min will breathe in and out 10,800 liters of gas each day
    • From this gas the person will take in about 420 liters of oxygen (19 moles/day) and will give out about 340 liters of carbon dioxide (15 moles/day)
    • The ratio of CO2 expired/O2 inspired is called the respiratory quotient (RQ)
      • RQ = CO2 out/O2 in = 340/420 = 0.81
      • In cellular respiration of glucose CO2 out = O2 in; RQ = 1
      • The overall RQ is less than 1 because our diet is a mixture of carbohydrates and fat; the RQ for metabolizing fat is only 0.7
    • All of the exchange of gas takes place in the lungs
    • The lungs also give off large amounts of heat and water vapor
    The Thoracic Cage Encloses the Lungs and Heart
    • The thoracic cage is formed by the:
    • 12 thoracic vertebrae
    • 12 ribs (the top 10 attach directly or indirectly to the sternum; the bottom 2 floating ribs do not)
    • Sternum (manubrium, gladiolus, xiphoid)
    • Diaphragm muscle
    • Within the thoracic cage are 3 compartments:
      • The 2 pleural cavities, each with a lung
      • The mediastinum, containing the heart
    Air is Brought Into the Lungs by a Set of Tubes Which Branch Repeatedly
    • Gases enter and leave lungs through:
      • Mouth and nose
      • Pharynx
      • Larynx (voice box)
      • Trachea (reinforced by cartilage rings)
      • Bronchi
      • Bronchioles
    • These tubes expand at their ends into alveoli, where gas exchange takes place
    • There are about 23 branchings, producing about 300 million alveoli
    The Lungs Reside in Two Separate Pleural Cavities
    • The lungs "float" within separate pleural cavities
    • Do not attach directly to the chest wall- separated from the wall by a space containing pleural fluid
    • Pleural fluid layer allows lungs to slide sideways during expansion- prevents tearing
    • Expansion of pleural space is called a pneumothorax- caused by entrance of air (or liquid) through a wound
    • Pneumothorax causes collapse of lung on one side- person will survive if pleural pressure does not get too high
    Contracting the Diaphragm or Raising the Ribs Expands the Thoracic Cavity, Producing a Tidal Flow of Air in and out of the Lungs
    • Contracting the diaphragm moves it downwards and expands the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs
    • At rest contraction of the diaphragm accounts for most of inspiration
    • Diaphragm is essential for respiration. Supplied by phrenic nerve which originates from cervical spinal cord (vertebrae 3-5). If spinal cord is cut above this level respiration is inhibited -> death
    • The external intercostal muscles (between ribs) also aid inspiration- cause ribs to move upward and outward, expanding the thoracic cavity
    • At rest expiration is mostly passive- lungs contract due to elasticity
    • In exercise the internal intercostal muscles and others aid expiration- pull ribs downward and inward, reducing thoracic cavity
    Respiratory Rate and Tidal Volume Determine the Pulmonary Ventilation
    • The total amount of air moved in and out of the lungs each minute (pulmonary ventilation: PV) depends upon 2 factors:
      • The size of each breath (tidal volume: TV)
      • The number of breaths/minute (respiratory frequency: BR)
      • PV = BR X TVß
      • Example: suppose your tidal volume is 500 mL (0.5 liters) and you breath 15 times/minute:
      • Pulmonary ventilation = 15 breaths/min X 0.5 L/breath = 7.5 L/min
    We Have Reserve Inspiratory and Expiratory Volumes
    • During exercise we can increase tidal volume by expanding both inspiration and expiration
    • The extra inspiration available for exercise is called the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
      • IRV is about 2.5 liters
    • The extra expiration available for exercise is called the expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
      • ERV is about 1.5 liters
    • After maximum expiration some air is still present in the lungs- this is called the residual volume (RV)
      • The RV is about 1.5 liters- this volume is not available for respiration
    The Maximum Usable Lung Volume is the Vital Capacity
    • The maximum volume available for breathing is the vital capacity (VC); it is the sum of the TV, ERV and IRV
    • VC = IRV + TV + ERV
    • An average VC is about 3.5 liters, but there is a lot of variation
    • The VC allows pulmonary ventilation to increase by a factor of 5-10
    • The vital capacity cannot be used for sustained exercise- it requires too much work for maximal inspiration and expiration
    Measuring Lung Volumes
    • Lung volumes are measured with a respirometer, which makes a tracing on a graph similar to the one above. Put in numerical values for the different volumes. For example, vital capacity is measured by taking a maximal inspiration (Max In) and then breathing out maximally (Max Out).
    • Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is a measure of lung obstruction. The subject takes a maximum inspiration and then breaths out as fast as possible. A person with normal lungs will expire about 70-85% of his VC in one second. A person with lung obstruction (asthma, emphysema, bronchitis) will force out a much smaller percentage in 1 second.
    More Information The Duke University Center for In Vivo Microscopy has a beautiful movie of guinea pig lungs expanding and contracting during breathing. The guinea pig was breathing helium-3, which allows the lungs to be visualized by magnetic resonance. On the same page is a movie showing both the lungs and heart of a living rat. Very impressive! When the lungs are congested they produce all sorts of interesting sounds which are useful to doctors and respiratory therapists. If you want to learn these sounds you can download a free RealAudio Player and listen to the respiratory sound library at the RALE Repository.
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    464 2009-12-17 09:28:23 2009-12-17 09:28:23 open open anatomy-and-mechanics-of-respiration-tutorial publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060091 email_notification 1261042110 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOMEDICAL TUTORIAL-PCR, RFLP Analysis & Gene Therapy http://biomedikal.in/biotechnology-and-biomedical-tutorial-pcr-rflp-analysis-gene-therapy/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 09:44:58 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=474 The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Can Make Millions of Copies of DNA in a Short Time

    • The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid way of amplifying (duplicating) specific DNA sequences
    • Method was devised by Kary Mullis of Cetus Corporation, Emeryville
      • He recieved a $20,000 bonus and later a Nobel Prize
      • Later the patent was sold to Hoffman-LaRoche for $300,000,000
    • DNA heated to high temperature is not destroyed; separates into single strands, but reforms helix when cooled
    • PCR Method:
      • DNA to be amplified is put into solution containing:
        • Short DNA "primers" which can bind to the 3' ends of the DNA
        • The 4 nucleotide bases: A, C, G, T
        • DNA polymerase
          • Special DNA polymerase (Taq polymerase) working at very high temperature is used; isolated from algae living in hot springs
      • DNA is heated to 95 deg C -> single chains
      • Solution is then cooled to 55 deg C; at 55 deg primers bind to ends of the single strand DNA
      • The temperature is now raised to 72 deg and the DNA polymerase causes the synthesis of new complementary strands to all the single strands
      • This is the end of the first cycle
      • The temperature is cycled from 95 to 55 to 72 over and over
      • The DNA is doubled at each cycle and at the end of 32 cycles it has been amplified 1 billion times
      • A cycle can be done in as little as 17 seconds, so it is possible to get a billion-fold amplification in an hour or less including set-up time
    • The figures shows 2 cycles of PCR
    • PCR can be used to dupicate single DNA molecules
    • It has been used to amplify DNA samples from extinct species

    Cloned DNA in Colonies Can be Identified by Treating a Replica with Complementary DNA Probes

    • Often it is desirable to find bacterial colonies that have specific cloned DNA fragments, a specific gene for example
    • If some of the DNA sequence is known a short single strand radioactive probe can be made to search for the desired sequence
    • A mirror-image replica of the agar plate with the bacterial colonies is made
      • A piece of nitrocellulose paper is placed over the agar plate and pressed down
      • Some of the bacteria are transferred to the nitrocellulose
    • The replica is treated with alkali to break up the cells and is exposed to the probe
    • The probe binds to DNA having a complementary sequence, labelling those colonies that have it
    • Once the colonies having the desired gene have been identified the investigator can go back to the original plate and get living samples to culture

    If a Gene is Expressed Antibodies Can be Used to Identify Proteins

    • Under certain conditions bacteria can express the protein coded by a cloned gene
      • Bacteria cannot express genomic DNA because it has introns
      • Can express complementary DNA, because it is made from messenger RNA (introns removed)
      • Genomic DNA can be expressed in eukaryotic cells, such as yeast, because they know how to handle introns
    • If a protein has been isolated antibodies can be made
    • The antibodies can be used to probe a replica plate to find colonies making the protein
    • This allows the gene for the protein to be isolated

    Blotting Techniques Help to Analyze Restriction Fragments

    • Electrophoresis gels can also be analyzed with DNA probes by a Southern blot
    • After gel is run a replica is made by blotting the DNA onto a nitrocellulose or nylon filter
    • The replica is then treated with probes that reveal specific bands
    • Example of a Southern blot:
      • Suppose you are interested in a gene which has 3 restriction sites for a certain enzyme (marked by X in the picture, sample A); one of the sites occassionally mutates and disappears (sample B, from another person)
      • You have a probe which binds at the spot shown
      • You extract the DNA from your cells and cut it with the restriction enzyme
      • This produces hundreds of restriction fragments because the enzyme cuts sites in other genes as well as the one you are interested in
      • If you do a Southern blot and then stain the DNA with a general stain such as ethidium bromide you will see a smear like this because the hundreds of bands run togetherIf you treat the replica with the probe only the bands that bind the probe will light up
        • The banding shows that when the mutation occurs the 15.2 kilobase band (sample A) disappears and is replaced by a 20.6 kilobase band (sample B)
        • Why doesn't the 5.4 kilobase band show in sample A? Look at the diagram above to see where the probe binds.
      • The Southern blot is named for the man who developed the technique
      • Other types of blots have been developed:
        • Northern blot: probes RNA
        • Western blot: probes protein, using antibodies
      RFLPs: Different Individuals May Have Different Sizes of Restriction Fragments
      • RFLP = restriction fragment length polymorphism
      • A fancy way of saying, when you cut the genes up (with restriction enzymes) different people have different sized chunks
        • The A & B samples that we discussed Southern blotting are examples: the same enzyme gives a 20.6 kb fragment in one case, and a 15.2 plus a 5.4 kb fragment in the other case
      • To illustrate RFLPs further we will discuss 2 real cases, both associated with the sickle cell anemia mutation
      • Case 1: HpaI sites flanking the globin gene
        • If you take the DNA from 2 different individuals and compare the sequences in regions that do not code for genes you will find differences in 0.2 to 1% of the bases
        • Most of these differences are neutral since they do not affect coding for genes; they tend to accumulate because they are not eliminated by natural selection
        • Sometimes these variations in bases can be used as markers for genes
          • The variation must affect a restriction site
          • It must be very close to a gene
        • In 1978 Kan & Dozy (UC San Francisco) reported that restriction sites of the enzyme HpaI were associated with sickle cell anemia; they hoped the polymorphism could be used for diagnosis
        • The HpaI sites are in non-coding regions flanking the globin gene
        • It was found that the HpaI site downstream from the gene was different in people with normal hemoglobin A and those with hemoglobin S
          • American blacks (about 60%) with hemoglobin S had a 13 kb restriction fragment
          • Those with normal hemoglobin A had a 7.6 kb restriction fragment
        • Probable origin of the association between the 2 genes:
          • Step 1: a mutation occurs producing a 13 kb restriction fragment in people with normal hemoglobin (probably in the Upper Volta region of Africa)
          • Step 2: the sickle mutation occurs in a person with the 13 kb restriction fragment and spreads throughout West Africa & Mediteranean
        • In other parts of the world the sickle mutation apparently occured in a person or several persons with the 7.6 kb restriction fragment (India, Saudi Arabia, East Africa)
        • This RFLP is of limited value for diagnosis because in some parts of the world sickle cell anemia is associated with the 13 kb fragment, while in others it is associated with the 7.6 kb fragment
        Case 2: MstII site in the region with the sickle point mutation
        • The codon region near the sickle mutation is cut by several restriction enzymes
        • The most useful of these enzymes is MstII, which cuts in 3 places near the mutation site:
        The sickle mutation destroys the middle MstII site
        • N in the MstII site code stands for any nucleotide (it can be G, for instance)
        • Hemoglobin A has an MstII site in codons 5 to 7, but changing an A to a T destroys the site in hemoglobin S
        • In normal hemoglobin MstII will produce a fragment of 1.15 kb in this region
        • When the site is mutated the fragment enlarges to 1.35 kb
        • If you do a Southern blot test, this is the pattern you will see for people with the different types of hemoglobin:
        • The AS individual has one gene of each type and this gives him 2 bands
        • Since the restriction site and mutation site overlap this test will give the correct diagnosis 100% of the time (excluding experimental error)
        Gene Therapy Tries to Replace Damaged Genes
        • Cloning techniqes could be used to replace damaged genes with good ones
        • Genes have already been inserted into animal eggs to make transgenic study animals
          • Sickle cell anemia gene has been put into mice, for example
        • Gene insertion into the germline (eggs):
          • Can be used to prevent appearance of a disease
          • Fertilized egg removed from animal
          • DNA inserted into nucleus with micropipette
          • Egg put back into female for development
            • Technical problems
              • Gene must insert into egg DNA; insertion is random and often fails
              • Gene needs control elements such as promoters- these may be missing in random insertion
              • Attempts to target genes
            • Ethical problems
              • Many object to directly controlling heredity in this way
          • Gene inserted into adult animal
            • This is is an attempt to cure a disease that is already present
            • Usually gene is put into a vector, such as a harmless virus, that can carry the gene into cells
            • Very difficult because millions of cells must receive the gene
          For More Information Michael King of the Terre Haute Center for Medical Education has a biochemistry course with an excellent section on Molecular Tools of Medicine. Another online treatment of DNA technology is the MIT Biology Hypertextbook. The Cold Spring Harbor Marine Biology Lab has a DNA Learning Center with animations of PCR and Southern Blotting. The use of restriction fragments in criminal investigation is illustrated in a DNA Detective section. A good concise written account of DNA technology is:
          James Watson, Michael Gilman, Jan Witkowski & Mark Zoller. Recombinant DNA, 2nd edition. NY: WH Freeman, 1992.
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    474 2009-12-17 09:44:58 2009-12-17 09:44:58 open open biotechnology-and-biomedical-tutorial-pcr-rflp-analysis-gene-therapy publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263060021 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261043099 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    WHAT US THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DIGITAL AND ANALOG HEARIND AID?-BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/what-us-the-difference-between-digital-and-analog-hearind-aid-basic-clinical-sciences/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 12:25:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=482 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="254" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Image illustrating the different types of hear...[/caption]

    Digital hearing aid

    Analogue hearing aid

    Digital hearing aid Translate sound to digital code, change it and re-transmit it back by using mathematical calculations. Distinguish different sounds and therefore amplify all sounds differently. Produces a high quality sound that is extremely accurate. Duplicates sound transmission. Digital circuitry is typically the most expensive. Background noise reduction. Feedback is used for reduction or cancellation of noise. All sound frequency are dealt with. Analogue hearing aid directly converts sound waves to electrical waves. Do not distinguish different sounds and therefore amplify all sounds equally, which means some sounds, are too loud while others may be difficult to hear. This is rectified when the hearing aid user adjusts the volume Sound quality has to be compromised and lot of manual work is required. The sound transmitted has some error. Cheaper as compared to digital one. Background noise no cancelled. No such feedback circuitry is used. Analogue hearing aids are designed with a particular frequency response based on your hearing test.
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    482 2009-12-17 12:25:02 2009-12-17 12:25:02 open open what-us-the-difference-between-digital-and-analog-hearind-aid-basic-clinical-sciences publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261053220 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261052702 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HEARING AID, IT'S TYPES AND HOW THEY HELP?- BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES http://biomedikal.in/hearing-aid-its-types-and-how-they-help-basic-clinical-sciences/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 12:40:29 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=487 Hearing aid A hearing aid is an electro acoustic body-worn apparatus which typically fits in or behind the wearer's ear, and is designed to amplify and modulate sounds for the wearer. It makes some sounds louder so that a person with hearing loss can listen, communicate, and participate more fully in daily activities. A hearing aid can help people hear more in both quiet and noisy situations. However, only about one out of five people who would benefit from a hearing aid actually uses one.The hearing aid receives sound through a microphone, which converts the sound waves to electrical signals and sends them to an amplifier. The amplifier increases the power of the signals and then sends them to the ear through a speaker. Basic components Your hearing aid is made up of three basic components: the microphone, the amplifier, and the receiver. The microphone is often located at the top of the hearing aid and picks up the sounds around you. The amplifier then makes the sounds louder. These louder signals are picked up by the receiver, which sends the sounds into your ear. Although every hearing aid has these three basic components, there are often a number of controls on the hearing aid. Some of these controls are operated by you and some are used by your audiologist to modify the response of the hearing aid. Good hearing aid mus have
    1. allow he wearing of hearing aids a comfortable loudness level
    2. allow for little unnecessary overamplificaion of sound
    3. allow fit and modify opportunities
    4. improve communicative capability of a normal conversation
    How they help? Hearing aids are primarily useful in improving the hearing and speech comprehension of people who have hearing loss that results from damage to the small sensory cells in the inner ear, called hair cells. This type of hearing loss is called sensorineural hearing loss. The damage can occur as a result of disease, aging, or injury from noise or certain medicines. A hearing aid magnifies sound vibrations entering the ear. Surviving hair cells detect the larger vibrations and convert them into neural signals that are passed along to the brain. The greater the damage to a person’s hair cells, the more severe the hearing loss, and the greater the hearing aid amplification needed to make up the difference. However, there are practical limits to the amount of amplification a hearing aid can provide. In addition, if the inner ear is too damaged, even large vibrations will not be converted into neural signals. In this situation, a hearing aid would be ineffective. There are three basic styles of hearing aids.
    • Behind-the-ear (BTE) hearing aids consist of a hard plastic case worn behind the ear and connected to a plastic earmold that fits inside the outer ear. The electronic parts are held in the case behind the ear. Sound travels from the hearing aid through the earmold and into the ear. BTE aids are used by people of all ages for mild to profound hearing loss.A new kind of BTE aid is an open-fit hearing aid. Small, open-fit aids fit behind the ear completely, with only a narrow tube inserted into the ear canal, enabling the canal to remain open. For this reason, open-fit hearing aids may be a good choice for people who experience a buildup of earwax, since this type of aid is less likely to be damaged by such substances. In addition, some people may prefer the open-fit hearing aid because their perception of their voice does not sound “plugged up.”
    • In-the-ear (ITE) hearing aids fit completely inside the outer ear and are used for mild to severe hearing loss. The case holding the electronic components is made of hard plastic. Some ITE aids may have certain added features installed, such as a telecoil, a small magnetic coil that makes it easier to hear conversations over the telephone. ITE aids usually are not worn by young children because the casings need to be replaced often as the ear grows.
    • Canal aids fit into the ear canal and are available in two styles. The in-the-canal (ITC) hearing aid is made to fit the size and shape of a person’s ear canal. A completely-in-canal (CIC) hearing aid is nearly hidden in the ear canal. Both types are used for mild to moderately severe hearing loss.Because they are small, canal aids may be difficult for a person to adjust and remove. In addition, canal aids have less space available for batteries and additional devices, such as a telecoil. They usually are not recommended for young children or for people with severe to profound hearing loss because their reduced size limits their power and volume.
    The two main types of electronics are analog and digital. Analog aids convert sound waves into electrical signals, which are amplified. Analog/adjustable hearing aids are custom built to meet the needs of each user. The aid is programmed by the manufacturer according to the specifications recommended by your audiologist. Analog/programmable hearing aids have more than one program or setting. An audiologist can program the aid using a computer, and the user can change the program for different listening environments—from a small, quiet room to a crowded restaurant to large, open areas, such as a theater or stadium. Analog/programmable circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids. Analog aids usually are less expensive than digital aids. Digital aids convert sound waves into numerical codes, similar to the binary code of a computer, before amplifying them. Because the code also includes information about a sound’s pitch or loudness, the aid can be specially programmed to amplify some frequencies more than others. Digital circuitry gives an audiologist more flexibility in adjusting the aid to a user’s needs and to certain listening environments. These aids also can be programmed to focus on sounds coming from a specific direction. Digital circuitry can be used in all types of hearing aids.
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    487 2009-12-17 12:40:29 2009-12-17 12:40:29 open open hearing-aid-its-types-and-how-they-help-basic-clinical-sciences publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261730119 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1261053643 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BRAIN CANCER STOPPED USING VENOM http://biomedikal.in/brain-cancer-stopped-using-venom/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 18:55:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=491 BRAIN CANCER STOPPED BY SCORPION VENOM
    Cutting the Spread of Tumors
    Scientists have been looking at chlorotoxin, a peptide in scorpion venom, for the past decade as a way to target cancer cells. And the big payday has arrived. By combining nanoparticles with a scorpion venom mix already being investigated for treating brain cancer, University of Washington researchers found they could cut the spread of cancerous cells by 98 percent, compared to 45 percent for the scorpion venom alone (www.uwnews.org).
    This is the first time that nanoparticles, which are ultrafine particles, have been combined with a treatment that physically stops cancer's spread. "People talk about the treatment being more effective with nanoparticles but they don't know how much, maybe 5 percent or 10 percent," said Miqin Zhang, professor of materials science and engineering.  "This was quite a surprise to us."  She is lead author of the study.
    Chlorotoxin binds to a surface protein on many types of tumors, including brain cancer.  Chlorotoxin also disrupts the spread of tumors.
    The Whole is Greater than the Parts
    The researchers investigated chlorotoxin when it is attached to nanoparticles and found that the treatment’s effect doubles compared to chlorotoxin alone.  Adding nanoparticles often improves a therapy, partly because the combination lasts longer in the body and so has a better chance of reaching the tumor.  Combining also boosts the effect because therapeutic molecules clump around each nanoparticle.
    Slowing the spread of cancer would be especially useful for treating highly invasive tumors, such as brain cancer.  The technique could hypothetically also slow the spread of other tumors with the same kind of activity, such as breast, colon, skin, lung, prostate, and ovarian cancers.
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    491 2009-12-17 18:55:52 2009-12-17 18:55:52 open open brain-cancer-stopped-using-venom publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261730134 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261076154 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING JOB IN DELHI/NCR DECEMBER 2009 http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-job-in-delhincr-december-2009/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 19:29:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=494 location: New Delhi Company: Acutronics Services a biomedical engineer is needed who has an experience of about 2-5 years in checking, repairing and testing of biomedical instruments at component level About company This organization is located in south delhi This company has good reputation in healthcare industry Contract: permanent
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    494 2009-12-17 19:29:31 2009-12-17 19:29:31 open open biomedical-engineering-job-in-delhincr-december-2009 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261078311 email_notification 1261078176 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HOW TO DESIGN A CAREER IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-FROM IEEE PAPER http://biomedikal.in/how-to-design-a-career-in-biomedical-engineering-from-ieee-paper/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 19:46:14 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=497 ABSTRACT What kind of career do you imagine for yourself?  Doctor? Lawyer? Scientist? Engineer? Teacher? CEO? Manager? Salesperson? A university degree in biomedical engineering will prepare you for all of these professions and more.  Biomedical engineers use their expert- ise in biology, medicine, physics, mathematics, engineering science and communication to make the world a healthier place.   The challenges cre- ated by the diversity and complexity of living systems require creative, knowledgeable, and imaginative people working in teams of physicians, scientists, engineers, and even business folk to monitor, restore and enhance normal body function.  The biomedical engineer is ideally trained to work at the intersection of science, medicine and mathematics to solve biological and medical problems. DOWNLOAD THE FULL PAPER HERE
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    497 2009-12-17 19:46:14 2009-12-17 19:46:14 open open how-to-design-a-career-in-biomedical-engineering-from-ieee-paper publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261079187 email_notification 1261079179 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HEREDITY GENETIC CODE,RNA & DNA-TUTORIAL http://biomedikal.in/heredity-genetic-coderna-dna-tutorial/ Thu, 17 Dec 2009 21:16:46 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=500
    {{ja|1=mRNA????????????????????????3??????????...
    Image via Wikipedia
    Information is Stored in the Code Letters of DNA
    • All hereditary information is stored in genes, which are parts of giant DNA molecules
    • Genes code for the amino acids of proteins
    • DNA is the archival copy of the code- kept in nucleus where it is protected & repaired
    • DNA is organized with special proteins into chromosomes
    • For protein synthesis a working copy of the code is made from RNA
    • Overall scheme: DNA -> RNA -> protein
    • Another version: "One gene, one enzyme"
    The Code is Based Upon the Structure of DNA
    • DNA has a sugar-phosphate backbone- sugar is deoxyribose
    • DNA also has 4 types of nucleotide base : A, C, G, T
    • A = adenine; C = cytosine; G = guanine; T = thymine
    • Molecule is a double helix: 2 complementary strands where A = T, C = G
      • The term"complementary" refers to the fitting together of 2 molecules like hand and glove
      • In DNA complementary bases make good hydrogen bonds with one another
    • Strands of helix are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases
      • This allows DNA to unwind for duplication and transcription
      • (S = sugar; P = phosphate; B = base):
    A Group of 3 Nucleotide Bases (Triplet) Forms a Code Letter (Codon)
    • Groups of 3 nucleotide bases form code letters (codons)
    • For a 3 letter code made from the 4 nucleotide bases there are 64 different possible arrangements or code letters (codons)
    • Codons tell the cell how to make proteins
    • 1 code letter used for "Start", 3 used for "Stop", 61 used to code for the 20 different amino acids (most amino acids have more than 1 code letter)
    • Examples of DNA Codons:
      • Start is coded for by TAC (this codon is also used for methionine)
      • Stop is coded for by ATT, ATC and ACT
      • Valine is coded for by CAA, CAC, CAG and CAT
      • Glutamic acid is coded for by CTT and CTC
    For Protein Synthesis a Working Copy of the Code is Made From RNA (Transcription)
    • The RNA copy of the code is complementary:
      DNA Base RNA Base
      A U
      C G
      G C
      T A
    • Note that U replaces T in RNA (U = uracil)
    • RNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm, attaches to a ribosome to make protein (translation)
    • Examples of RNA Codons
      • Start is coded for by AUG
      • Stop is coded for by UAA, UAG and UGA
      • Valine is coded for by GUU, GUG, GUC and GUA
      • Glutamic acid is coded for by GAA and GAG
    A Change in a Single DNA Base Can Cause a Mutation
    • Changing a single base will change the codon, usually into one for another amino acid
    • Example: sickle cell anemia
      • A mutation caused a GAG codon to change into a GUG codon in the gene for one of the protein chains of hemoglobin
      • The mutation replaced the glutamic acid amino acid with valine in one position of the protein
      • Valine causes the hemoglobin to stick together so that it precipitates out of solution
      • The precipitated hemoglobin causes damage to the red blood cells and this leads to anemia
      • The mutation also gives some resistance to malaria in individuals with one sickle gene and one normal gene
    Mutations Cause "Inborn Errors of Metabolism"
    • Most mutations are harmful
    • Caused by chemical and physical agents which damage DNA (UV light, x-rays, many carcinogenic & mutagenic chemicals)
    • Approx. 600 genetic diseases known
    • Some may be treatable someday by gene therapy (correcting defective gene)
    The Genetic Code is Universal
    • All creatures on earth have the same genetic code (a few minor codon exceptions)
    • Evidence that life has arisen only once and that we are all related
    Telomerase, Aging and Cancer
    • The ends of chromosomes are called telomeres
    • When DNA is replicated the telomeres are often not duplicated properly and the chromosome becomes a little shorter after each replication
    • Some scientists believe that the gradual shortening of the chromosomes causes cell aging and eventual death (most cells in the body can duplicate only 50-100 times before they die)
    • Cells which divide often (germ cells, stem cells and cancer cells) have high levels of an enzyme called telomerase which allows the telomeres to be duplicated properly
    • Telomerase may make the cells potentially immortal
    • Inhibitors of telomerase may someday be useful in cancer therapy
    More Information: Do you want to know how the structure of DNA was discovered? Just click. James Bindon of the University of Alabama gives detailed information on sickle cell anemia.
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    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOB IN PATNA/BIHAR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-job-in-patnabihar/ Fri, 18 Dec 2009 05:40:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=504 Company: Internationally reputed Agency Position: Bio Medical Engineer Location: Patna Qualification: BE/BTech – Bio Medical Engg/ Tech Experience: Min 5 Yrs Salary: Attractive Salary Job Description: Selection, Procurement, Installation, Maintenance of Hospital   Equipments Candidate Profile: Relevant Exp, Exp in accreditation norms, Good Communication, MS-Office Email: ssrivastava@ipeglobal.com Email Subject: Bio Medical Engineer Contact: S. Srivastava Apply By Date: 24 December, 2009
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    504 2009-12-18 05:40:19 2009-12-18 05:40:19 open open biomedical-engineer-job-in-patnabihar publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261115020 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261114824 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 15 http://usa.sysmaya.net/apps/brasil/noticias/blog/836520/kushtripathi.wordpress.com:BIOMEDICAL-ENGINEER-JOB-IN-PATNABIHAR 72.167.232.31 2009-12-26 07:22:33 2009-12-26 07:22:33 Comentario... [..]Articulo Indexado Correctamente[..]...]]> 1 trackback 0 0
    MRI perilous for pacemaker patients:IMAGING STUDY http://biomedikal.in/mri-perilous-for-pacemaker-patientsimaging-study/ Fri, 18 Dec 2009 05:43:58 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=507 pacemakers--conditions that can have potentially devastating consequences--according to research published Dec. 15 in BioMedical Engineering Online. Howard I. Bassen, a researcher with the FDA in Rockville, Md., and Gonzalo G. Mendoza, a biomedical engineer at Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., measured the electric fields (E-fields) induced near the tips of pacemakers by a simulated MRI gradient system to assess the risks involved in patients with a cardiac device who undergo MRI. According to the researchers, “patients are generally not allowed (by present practices) to undergo MRI procedures if they have implanted cardiac and neurological stimulations devices,” however, some clinicians “condone scanning patients” implanted with cardiac pacemakers. In addition, Bassen and Gonzalo noted that there has been a push to develop medical implants that are MRI compatible. The investigators configured data by mapping a magnetically induced E-field with a 0.1 mm resolution as close as 1 mm from the devices lead tip. Two-electrode probes, .5 mm and .2 mm diameter American Wire Gauges were utilized. To generate a magnetic flux density, researchers placed a 24 cm diameter cylindrical plastic tank inside a Helmholtz coil and filled it with saline to produce conductivity. Two cardiac pacemaker pulse generators—the Medtronic KDR401 and the Guidant Insignia pacemaker—were connected to the tined tip lead to compare the values of the E-field in the saline solution at the distal tip to the magnetically induced E-field at the same location. Utilizing a SPEAG DASY5 robotic Dosimetric Assessment System, the researchers took 15,000 voltage readings. Three leads, a simulated, tined tip and an active fixation tip were configured inside the circumference of the saline tank for evaluation. Researchers found that when comparing measurements of the active fixation lead and the tined tip lead that “the E-field strengths for these leads were significantly higher than the E-field strength induced at the blunt cut tip of a simulated lead made of an insulated wire." “The intended stimulation waveform delivered by an implantable pacemaker pulse generator to a distal tip unipolar electrode can be significantly altered (decreased or increased),” the authors found. This, the researchers said, is due to the combination of the magnetically-induced E-field from a time-coincident MR gradient pulse and the injected pulse from the pacemaker. The authors found that MRI systems normally operate with a 30 to 100 T/s gradient field rate of change. When a gradient pulse is coincident (within 30 ms) with an implantable pacemaker pulse the researchers found that changes in pacemaker stimulation voltages can occur. In addition, findings showed that “unintended stimulation” can be induced by leads if proximal ends are not “capped” with insulation by surgeons. In addition, the researchers noted that due to the magnetically-induced E-field from a time-coincident MR gradient pulse, pacemaker pulses can be “drastically altered.” Bassen and Mendoza suggested that “a simple way to reduce the possibility of unintended stimulation of a patient is to turn off their pacemaker during an MRI imaging session, provided they are not pacemaker dependent.” However, they noted that this "opens them to the risk of no available pacemaker therapy if they were to need it during the duration of the session.” The authors suggest that future research be obtained by computational modeling of the “experimental measurement system” in order to compare measured data.
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    507 2009-12-18 05:43:58 2009-12-18 05:43:58 open open mri-perilous-for-pacemaker-patientsimaging-study publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263236443 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261115044 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Intravenous Hemostat: Nanotechnology to Halt Bleeding http://biomedikal.in/intravenous-hemostat-nanotechnology-to-halt-bleeding/ Fri, 18 Dec 2009 05:45:53 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=511
  • James P. Bertram1,
  • Cicely A. Williams2,
  • Rebecca Robinson1,
  • Steven S. Segal3,4,
  • Nolan T. Flynn5 and
  • Erin B. Lavik6,*
  • Abstract

    Blood loss is the major cause of death in both civilian and battlefield traumas. Methods to staunch bleeding include pressure dressings and absorbent materials. For example, QuikClot effectively halts bleeding by absorbing large quantities of fluid and concentrating platelets to augment clotting, but these treatments are limited to compressible and exposed wounds. An ideal treatment would halt bleeding only at the injury site, be stable at room temperature, be administered easily, and work effectively for internal injuries. We have developed synthetic platelets based on Arg-Gly-Asp functionalized nanoparticles, which halve bleeding time after intravenous administration in a rat model of major trauma. The effects of these synthetic platelets surpass other treatments, including recombinant factor VIIa, which is used clinically for uncontrolled bleeding. Synthetic platelets were cleared within 24 hours at a dose of 20 mg/ml, and no complications were seen out to 7 days after infusion, the longest time point studied. These synthetic platelets may be useful for early intervention in trauma and demonstrate the role that nanotechnology can have in addressing unmet medical needs.
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    511 2009-12-18 05:45:53 2009-12-18 05:45:53 open open intravenous-hemostat-nanotechnology-to-halt-bleeding publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262116140 email_notification 1261115158 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    CONVERT A STUDY INTO PAPER WRITING IN DOC DIRECTLY-JUST TWO STEPS PROCESS http://biomedikal.in/convert-a-study-into-paper-writing-in-doc-directly-just-two-steps-process/ Sat, 19 Dec 2009 08:29:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=514 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="299" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]IEEE Logo[/caption] We have seen generally that student at undergraduate level are not able to associate their study skills with paper writing capabilities, So I thought that it would be right to have a tutorial about how to extract a paper from regular study material It could be an IEEE paper or paper being presented at any other level what are the basic fundamental skills required for writing a paper A major goal of this tutorial is the development of effective technical writing skills. To help you become an accomplished writer, you will prepare several research papers based upon the studies completed in lab. Our research papers are not typical "lab reports." In a teaching lab a lab report might be nothing more than answers to a set of questions. Such an assignment hardly represents the kind of writing you might be doing in your eventual career.

    General form of a PAPER

    An objective of organizing a research paper is to allow people to read your work selectively. When I research a topic, I may be interested in just the methods, a specific result, the interpretation, or perhaps I just want to see a summary of the paper to determine if it is relevant to my study. To this end, many journals require the following sections, submitted in the order listed, each section to start on a new page. There are variations of course. Some journals call for a combined results and discussion, for example, or include materials and methods after the body of the paper. The well known journal Science does away with separate sections altogether, except for the abstract. Specific editorial requirements for submission of a manuscript will always supercede instructions in these general guidelines. To make a paper readable
    • Print or type using a 12 point standard font, such as Times, Geneva, Bookman, Helvetica, etc.
    • Text should be double spaced on 8 1/2" x 11" paper with 1 inch margins, single sided
    • Number pages consecutively
    • Start each new section on a new page
    • Adhere to recommended page limits
    Mistakes to avoid
    • Placing a heading at the bottom of a page with the following text on the next page (insert a page break!)
    • Dividing a table or figure - confine each figure/table to a single page
    • Submitting a paper with pages out of order
    In all sections of your paper
    • Use normal prose including articles ("a", "the," etc.)
    • Stay focused on the research topic of the paper
    • Use paragraphs to separate each important point (except for the abstract)
    • Indent the first line of each paragraph
    • Present your points in logical order
    • Use present tense to report well accepted facts - for example, 'the grass is green'
    • Use past tense to describe specific results - for example, 'When weed killer was applied, the grass was brown'
    • Avoid informal wording, don't address the reader directly, and don't use jargon, slang terms, or superlatives
    • Avoid use of superfluous pictures - include only those figures necessary to presenting results

    Title Page

    Select an informative title as illustrated in the examples in your writing portfolio example package. Include the name(s) and address(es) of all authors, and date submitted. "Biology lab #1" would not be an informative title, for example.

    Abstract

    The summary should be two hundred words or less. See the examples in the writing portfolio package.

    General intent

    An abstract is a concise single paragraph summary of completed work or work in progress. In a minute or less a reader can learn the rationale behind the study, general approach to the problem, pertinent results, and important conclusions or new questions.

    Writing an abstract

    Write your summary after the rest of the paper is completed. After all, how can you summarize something that is not yet written? Economy of words is important throughout any paper, but especially in an abstract. However, use complete sentences and do not sacrifice readability for brevity. You can keep it concise by wording sentences so that they serve more than one purpose. For example, "In order to learn the role of protein synthesis in early development of the sea urchin, newly fertilized embryos were pulse-labeled with tritiated leucine, to provide a time course of changes in synthetic rate, as measured by total counts per minute (cpm)." This sentence provides the overall question, methods, and type of analysis, all in one sentence. The writer can now go directly to summarizing the results. Summarize the study, including the following elements in any abstract. Try to keep the first two items to no more than one sentence each.
    • Purpose of the study - hypothesis, overall question, objective
    • Model organism or system and brief description of the experiment
    • Results, including specific data - if the results are quantitative in nature, report quantitative data; results of any statistical analysis shoud be reported
    • Important conclusions or questions that follow from the experiment(s)
    Style:
    • Single paragraph, and concise
    • As a summary of work done, it is always written in past tense
    • An abstract should stand on its own, and not refer to any other part of the paper such as a figure or table
    • Focus on summarizing results - limit background information to a sentence or two, if absolutely necessary
    • What you report in an abstract must be consistent with what you reported in the paper
    • Corrrect spelling, clarity of sentences and phrases, and proper reporting of quantities (proper units, significant figures) are just as important in an abstract as they are anywhere else

    Introduction

    Your introductions should not exceed two pages (double spaced, typed). See the examples in the writing portfolio package.

    General intent

    The purpose of an introduction is to aquaint the reader with the rationale behind the work, with the intention of defending it. It places your work in a theoretical context, and enables the reader to understand and appreciate your objectives.

    Writing an introduction

    The abstract is the only text in a research paper to be written without using paragraphs in order to separate major points. Approaches vary widely, however for our studies the following approach can produce an effective introduction.
    • Describe the importance (significance) of the study - why was this worth doing in the first place? Provide a broad context.
    • Defend the model - why did you use this particular organism or system? What are its advantages? You might comment on its suitability from a theoretical point of view as well as indicate practical reasons for using it.
    • Provide a rationale. State your specific hypothesis(es) or objective(s), and describe the reasoning that led you to select them.
    • Very briefy describe the experimental design and how it accomplished the stated objectives.
    Style:
    • Use past tense except when referring to established facts. After all, the paper will be submitted after all of the work is completed.
    • Organize your ideas, making one major point with each paragraph. If you make the four points listed above, you will need a minimum of four paragraphs.
    • Present background information only as needed in order support a position. The reader does not want to read everything you know about a subject.
    • State the hypothesis/objective precisely - do not oversimplify.
    • As always, pay attention to spelling, clarity and appropriateness of sentences and phrases.

    Materials and Methods

    There is no specific page limit, but a key concept is to keep this section as concise as you possibly can. People will want to read this material selectively. The reader may only be interested in one formula or part of a procedure. Materials and methods may be reported under separate subheadings within this section or can be incorporated together.

    General intent

    This should be the easiest section to write, but many students misunderstand the purpose. The objective is to document all specialized materials and general procedures, so that another individual may use some or all of the methods in another study or judge the scientific merit of your work. It is not to be a step by step description of everything you did, nor is a methods section a set of instructions. In particular, it is not supposed to tell a story. By the way, your notebook should contain all of the information that you need for this section.

    Writing a materials and methods section

    Materials:
    • Describe materials separately only if the study is so complicated that it saves space this way.
    • Include specialized chemicals, biological materials, and any equipment or supplies that are not commonly found in laboratories.
    • Do not include commonly found supplies such as test tubes, pipet tips, beakers, etc., or standard lab equipment such as centrifuges, spectrophotometers, pipettors, etc.
    • If use of a specific type of equipment, a specific enzyme, or a culture from a particular supplier is critical to the success of the experiment, then it and the source should be singled out, otherwise no.
    • Materials may be reported in a separate paragraph or else they may be identified along with your procedures.
    • In biosciences we frequently work with solutions - refer to them by name and describe completely, including concentrations of all reagents, and pH of aqueous solutions, solvent if non-aqueous.
    Methods:
    • See the examples in the writing portfolio package
    • Report the methodology (not details of each procedure that employed the same methodology)
    • Describe the mehodology completely, including such specifics as temperatures, incubation times, etc.
    • To be concise, present methods under headings devoted to specific procedures or groups of procedures
    • Generalize - report how procedures were done, not how they were specifically performed on a particular day. For example, report "samples were diluted to a final concentration of 2 mg/ml protein;" don't report that "135 microliters of sample one was diluted with 330 microliters of buffer to make the protein concentration 2 mg/ml." Always think about what would be relevant to an investigator at another institution, working on his/her own project.
    • If well documented procedures were used, report the procedure by name, perhaps with reference, and that's all. For example, the Bradford assay is well known. You need not report the procedure in full - just that you used a Bradford assay to estimate protein concentration, and identify what you used as a standard. The same is true for the SDS-PAGE method, and many other well known procedures in biology and biochemistry.
    Style:
    • It is awkward or impossible to use active voice when documenting methods without using first person, which would focus the reader's attention on the investigator rather than the work. Therefore when writing up the methods most authors use third person passive voice.
    • Use normal prose in this and in every other section of the paper – avoid informal lists, and use complete sentences.
    What to avoid
    • Materials and methods are not a set of instructions.
    • Omit all explanatory information and background - save it for the discussion.
    • Omit information that is irrelevant to a third party, such as what color ice bucket you used, or which individual logged in the data.

    Results

    The page length of this section is set by the amount and types of data to be reported. Continue to be concise, using figures and tables, if appropriate, to present results most effectively. See recommendations for content, below.

    General intent

    The purpose of a results section is to present and illustrate your findings. Make this section a completely objective report of the results, and save all interpretation for the discussion.

    These were the things that you will generally find when you type on google how to write a paper?

    But now i will tell you what is the secret of writng the paper easily and at a fast speed so that you can write many papers at the same time Generally it is seen that the main focus of the paper is to focus what you have done new to already established topic so just read one article which has been published prior to your one extract its keywords and try to implement its synonyms in a different manner in the way your idea is like the main thing is the idea you have to make it clear may the basic information being gien as same as before as facts can't change so consider earlier paper as facts and try to manipulate the facts to produce a new meaning which defines your idea appropiately this is the basic fundamental of easy and fast paper writing i will try to focus this more in my next post so keep reading

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    514 2009-12-19 08:29:43 2009-12-19 08:29:43 open open convert-a-study-into-paper-writing-in-doc-directly-just-two-steps-process publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261211412 email_notification 1261211400 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS ARE GIFTED ONES ALWAYS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineers-are-gifted-ones-always/ Sat, 19 Dec 2009 11:34:23 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=516 There’s Smart, and then there’s Mega-Smart
    Biomedical engineers are smart people; this is a universal truth. As a rule, dim-witted people do not develop bioartificial organs or design pacemakers. But then there are the pioneers who have taken the biomedical field by storm over the past century, earning more awards and patents and inventing more devices than any mere mortal should. You could refer to this rare breed as The Ridiculously Smart Bioengineering Club, a league of gifted souls with DNA like Einstein’s.
    What Do They Have in Common?
    Let’s start with biophysicist Otto Schmitt. Though his parents weren’t scientists, Otto was exposed at the age of 16 to the work of his older brother Frank. Frank became a professor of zoology in 1929, and Otto was allowed to “gadgeteer” in Frank’s laboratory and create instrumentation (www.thebakken.org). Otto would also do experiments at home, much to his mother’s chagrin. His mom fainted when she went into his bedroom one day and saw Otto with sparks flying out of his nose and fingers; he had crafted his own rudimentary Tesla Ball out of spare parts to make his hair stand straight up. Despite his crazy antics with electricity, Otto survived his youth and went on to invent devices like the cathode follower.
    Leslie Geddes has taught one-fifth of all biomedical engineers currently in practice. He’s patented everything from a baby pacifier that delivers medication to biomaterials (www.mit.edu). As a kid, Leslie’s dad would bring home radio parts from work for his son to tinker with. Because some relatives were physicians, Leslie decided he would like to combine electronics with medicine.
    Extraordinary curiosity is a common theme in the early years of the genius bioengineers. Robert Langer, currently Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT in Cambridge, received a Gilbert chemistry and microscope set from his parents as a young boy. He was fascinated watching chemical color changes, and enjoyed watching shrimp grow with his little microscope (www.thebiotechclub.org). This young chemist would grow up to receive more than 600 patents and 160 major awards, and be the most cited engineer in history. His controlled drug delivery developments have alleviated human pain for countless patients. The stubborn Langer is oft-quoted as saying, “A lot of times somebody will tell you that your idea, or your invention, can’t be done. I think that’s very rarely true. If you believe in yourself and if you really work hard and stick to it, I believe there is very little that is impossible.”
    This stubbornness gene can be found in Alfred E. Mann, entrepreneurial physicist and philanthropist billionaire. He’s said, “To say we can’t do something because other people have failed is not good enough for me” (www.inhealth.org).
    It seems the formula for biomedical engineering mega-success is one part insatiable curiosity, one part influence by mentors, two parts giftedness, and three parts stubbornness.
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    516 2009-12-19 11:34:23 2009-12-19 11:34:23 open open biomedical-engineers-are-gifted-ones-always publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261222467 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261222464 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    NOW GET COLORED MRI'S- INTERESTING UPDATE http://biomedikal.in/now-get-colored-mris-interesting-update/ Sat, 19 Dec 2009 11:38:57 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=519 Customized microscopic magnets that might one day be injected into the body could add color to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while also potentially enhancing sensitivity and the amount of information provided by images, researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) report.  The new micromagnets also could act as “smart tags” identifying particular cells, tissues, or physiological conditions, for medical research or diagnostic purposes (www.nature.com). NIH has already filed for a patent for the micromagnets. The micromagnets are compatible with standard MRI hardware.
    NIST and NIH investigators have demonstrated the proof of principle for a new approach to MRI.  Unlike the chemical solutions now used as image-enhancing contrast agents in MRI, the NIST/NIH micro-magnets rely on a precisely tunable feature—their physical shape—to adjust the radio-frequency (RF) signals used to create images. The RF signals then can be converted into a rainbow of optical colors by a computer.  Sets of different magnets designed to appear as different colors could, for example, be coated to attach to different cell types, such as cancerous versus normal.  The cells then could be identified by tag color.
    “Current MRI technology is primarily black and white.  This is like a colored tag for MRI,” says lead author Gary Zabow, who designed and fabricated the microtags at NIST.
    Tiny Tracking Tags
    The micromagnets also can be thought of as microscopic RF identification (RFID) tags, similar to those used for identifying and tracking objects from nationwide box shipments to food in the supermarket. The device concept is flexible and could have other applications such as in enabling RFID-based microscopic fluid devices for biotechnology and handheld medical diagnostic toolkits.
    The microtags would need extensive further engineering and testing, including clinical studies, before they could be used in people undergoing MRI exams.  The magnets used in the NIST/NIH studies were made of nickel, which is toxic, but was relatively easy to work with for the initial prototypes.  But Zabow says they could be made of other magnetic materials, such as iron, which is considered non-toxic and is already approved for use in certain medical agents.  Only very low concentrations of the magnets would be needed in the body to enhance MRI images.
    Each micromagnet consists of two round, vertically stacked magnetic discs a few micrometers in diameter, separated by a small open gap in between.  Researchers create a customized magnetic field for each tag by making it from particular materials and tweaking the geometry, perhaps by widening the gap between the discs or changing the discs’ thickness or diameter.  As water in a sample flows between the discs, protons acting like twirling bar magnets within the water’s hydrogen atoms generate predictable RF signals—the stronger the magnetic field, the faster the twirling—and these signals are used to create images.
    Visit www.nibib.nih.gov for more biomedical news.
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    519 2009-12-19 11:38:57 2009-12-19 11:38:57 open open now-get-colored-mris-interesting-update publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263236429 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261222738 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Green Tea As A Natural Anti-Depressant? Red orbit http://biomedikal.in/green-tea-as-a-natural-anti-depressant-red-orbit/ Sun, 20 Dec 2009 15:47:38 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=522

    Green Tea As A Natural Anti-Depressant?

    Posted on: Saturday, 19 December 2009, 06:25 CST According to a recently released Japanese study, drinking several cups of green tea a day may work as a natural anti-depressant for older men and women, adding yet a another healthful boon to the increasingly researched wonder beverage. Researchers at Sendai’s Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering found that elderly people over the age of 70 who drank four or more cups of green tea per day were 44 percent less likely to struggle with depression than those who drank less than four cups. A variety of studies in recent years have highlighted the link between green tea consumption and the alleviation of various forms of psychological stress.  Dr. Kaijun Niu and his colleagues at Tohuku University took their cue from these studies and decided to investigate whether tea might specifically have a positive impact on symptoms associated with depression.
    After examining and questioning 1,058 spry seniors, Niu’s team found that around 34 percent of the men and 39 percent of the women reported having some symptoms of depression, with 20 percent of the men and 24 percent of the women having symptoms that could be classified as severe depression. Of the patients questioned, nearly half said that they consumed at least four cups of green tea per day, while a quarter of them reported that they drank two to three cups a day, and another quarter drank one or less. The researchers reported in the December issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition that apparent mental health benefits associated with drinking lots of green tea still held true even after other factors were taken into account such as socioeconomic class, diet, smoking, physical activity and history of medical complications. Niu and fellow scientists also observed that other tea varieties—like oolong and black tea—did not appear to demonstrate the same salutary anti-depression benefits as their bitter green cousin. Though harvested from the same plant as both black and oolong teas, the technique used to dry and prepare green tea permits significantly less oxidation of the leaves, giving it both a different flavor and chemical composition. One of the chemicals present in green tea is theanine, an amino acid similar to glutamate which is able to cross the blood-brain barrier.  Scientists have long suspected that theanine may have general tranquilizing effects on the human brain—one potential explanation for the apparent anti-depressant benefits observed in the study. Despite the compelling initial results, however, Niu and his team say that additional studies will be needed to draw a more concrete connection between green tea consumption and mental health. On the Net: Source: RedOrbit Staff & Wire Reports More News in this Category
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    522 2009-12-20 15:47:38 2009-12-20 15:47:38 open open green-tea-as-a-natural-anti-depressant-red-orbit publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261730081 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261324013 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    WHAT ARE THE KEY AREAS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING http://biomedikal.in/what-are-the-key-areas-of-biomedical-engineering/ Sun, 20 Dec 2009 16:01:30 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=526 biomedical engineering field is most upcoming field all over the world breakthroughs in biomedical field have been the most in last decade or so!
    According to surveys
    The “Healthcare Economy” is booming every day and after like the graph below:
    Per Capita Healthcare spending (USA)  will increase by >10% in 2002 and is expected to be over 20% of GDP by 2025
    What Will Be the 10 Hottest Jobs?
    • What sorts of companies hire biomedical engineers?
    • Should I plan on getting a PhD?
    • What is a typical career path in industry?
    • How do I find my first job?
    • What are salaries like?
    • What characteristics are companies looking for?
    • What are some of the tradeoffs between academia and industry
    all these answers can be found if you download the following presentation from the bmes
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    526 2009-12-20 16:01:30 2009-12-20 16:01:30 open open what-are-the-key-areas-of-biomedical-engineering publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261325400 email_notification 1261324904 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY-By Neelina H. Malsch http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-nanotechnology-by-neelina-h-malsch/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 15:42:23 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=531

    Book overview

    Biomedical nanotechnology is one of the fastest-growing fields of research across the globe. However, even the most promising technologies may never realize their full potential if public and political opinions are galvanized against them, a situation clearly evident in such controversial fields as cloning and stem cell research. Biomedical Nanotechnology presents state-of-the-art research in the field and also considers the socio-political risks and perceptions of this important science.Contributed by prominent experts in this expansive and interdisciplinary field, Biomedical Nanotechnology examines developments in three sub-fields: nanodrugs and drug delivery; prostheses and implants; and diagnostics and screening technologies. The authors compare new capabilities introduced by nanotechnology to traditional methods of release, target, and controlled drug delivery in the body. They also consider the challenge of understanding and controlling the biological processes involved upon implantation and discuss nanoscale sensors for biological chemical detection and biodefense. The book concludes with individual chapters devoted to the social and economic context of nanotechnologies and to their potential risks and possible solutions.By outlining cutting-edge research in the context of pressing global medical needs and potential risks, this authoritative reference supplies a holistic treatment of biomedical nanotechnology that enables us to understand its implications and decide the best way to move forward.
    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    • INTRODUCTION: CONVERGING TECHNOLOGIES: NANOTECHNOLOGY AND BIO MEDICINE-Mihail C. Roco
    • TRENDS IN BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY PROGRAMS WORLDWIDE Mark Morrison and Ineke Malsch
    • NANOTECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS WITH SELF-ASSEMBLED CARRIERS---Kenji Yamamoto
    • NANOTECHNOLOGY IN IMPLANTS AND PROSTHESES Jeroen J.J.P. van den Beucken, X. Frank Walboomers, and John A. Jansen
    • DIAGNOSTICS AND HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING Aránzazu Del Campo and Ian J. Bruce
    • NANO-ENABLED COMPONENTS AND SYSTEMS FOR BIODEFENSE Calvin Shipbaugh, Philip Antón, Gabrielle Bloom, Brian Jackson, and Richard Silberglitt
    • SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONTEXTS: MAKING CHOICES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY Ineke Malsch
    • POTENTIAL RISKS AND REMEDIES Emmanuelle Schuler
    • INDEX
    DOWNLOAD THE BOOK FROM HERE
    EDITOR'S NOTE-BEST BOOK ON BIOMEDICAL NANOTECHNOLOGY
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    531 2009-12-22 15:42:23 2009-12-22 15:42:23 open open biomedical-nanotechnology-by-neelina-h-malsch publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262116091 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1261496548 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ADVANCES IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-BY Pascal Verdonck http://biomedikal.in/advances-in-biomedical-engineering-by-pascal-verdonck/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 15:52:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=534

    Book overview

    The aim of this essential reference is to bring together the interdisciplinary areas of biomedical engineering education. Contributors review the latest advances in biomedical engineering research through an educational perspective, making the book useful for students and professionals alike. Topics range from biosignal analysis and nanotechnology to biophotonics and cardiovascular medical devices. - Provides an educational review of recent advances - Focuses on biomedical high technology - Features contributions from leaders in the field
    TABLE OF CONTENTS
    • Chapter 1. Review of Research in Cardiovascular Devices D. Zbigniew Nawrat
    • Chapter 2. Biomechanical modelling of Stents: Survey 1997-2007 Matthieu De Beule
    • Chapter 3. Signal Extraction in Multisensor Biomedical Recordings V. Zarzoso, R. Phlypo, O. Meste and P. Comon
    • Chapter 4. Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy and Imaging of Visible Fluorescent Proteins Ankur Jain, Christian Blum and Vinod Subramaniam
    • Chapter 5. Monte Carlo Simulations in Nuclear Medicine Imaging Steven Staelens and Irene Buvat
    • Chapter 6. Biomedical Visualization Chris R. Johnson and Xavier Tricoche
    DOWNLOAD THE FULL BOOK HERE
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    534 2009-12-22 15:52:54 2009-12-22 15:52:54 open open advances-in-biomedical-engineering-by-pascal-verdonck publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263060033 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261497179 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SHORT NOTES ON JOINT REPLACEMENT SURGERY-BIOMECHANICS NOTES http://biomedikal.in/short-notes-on-joint-replacement-surgery-biomechanics-notes/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:02:45 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=538 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]from URL: http://training.seer.cancer.gov/modu...[/caption] JOINT REPLACEMENT SURGERY Joint replacement is one of the most common and successful operations in modern orthopaedic surgery. It consists of replacing painful, arthritic, worn or diseased parts of the joint with artificial surfaces shaped in such a way as to allow joint movement. Arthroplasty is a common but loose term for joint replacement. Other types of surgery are also arthroplasties. Other common and valid synonyms are total joint replacement, total joint arthroplasty, joint resurfacing and artificial joint surgery. Technique Joint replacement is major surgery. The joint must be exposed and dislocated. The joint surface and some bone tissue is then removed from the bone ends and the prosthetic components implanted. They may be fixed by an interference fit with the expectation of bone-ingrowth or using PMMA "cement" as a grout to hold the metal components into the bone. The dislocation of the joint is reduced and the ligaments and muscles over the joint are repaired where possible. Variations There are many variations in the exact shape and design of the components and the technique and instruments needed to place them correctly. Although these design innovations are all driven by the impetus to improve results, most of the benefits are unproven. The results are already so good that very large, powerful studies are needed to demonstrate improvement from 95% success to anything better than that. The main variations in technique are cemented vs cementless fixation; resurfacing or more radical removal of bone; and minimally invasive technique where the exposure is more limited. Indications Joint Replacement surgery is indicated when the symptoms, usually pain and loss of function, are disabling. As the risks of surgery are significant, the patient must understand them and prefer to take those risks rather than continue with the symptoms. Contra-indications Purulent discharge (infection) in the operative area is considered an absolute contra-indication because of the disastrous consequences of post-operative deep infection. Infection anywhere in the patient is a strong but relative contra-indication. Poor health is a relative contra-indication as the patient must be strong enough to withstand the stresses of major surgery. Some feel that persistent immobility due to pain is a more serious threat to health even in patients with severe heart and lung disease. Pre-operative work-up Because of the major surgery a complete pre-anaesthetic work-up is required. In elderly patients this usually would include ECG, Chest Xray, urine tests, haematology and biochemistry blood tests. Cross match of blood is routine also as a high percentage of patients receive a blood transfusion. Pre-operative planning requires accurate Xrays of the affected joint. The implant design is selected and the size matched to the xray images (a process known as templating). Post-operative rehabilitation Early mobilisation of the patient is thought to be the key to reducing the chances of complications such as venous thromboembolism and Pneumonia. Modern practice is to mobilize patients as soon as possible and ambulate with walking aids when tolerated. Depending on the joint involved and the pre-op status of the patient the time of hospitalization varies from 1 day to 2 weeks with the average being 4-7 days in most regions. Physiotherapy is used extensively to help patients recover function after joint replacement surgery. A graded exercise programme is needed. Initially the patients' muscles have not healed after the surgery; exercises for range of motion of the joints and ambulation should not be strenuous. Later when the muscle is healed the aim of exercise expands to include strengthening and recovery of function. Timecourse of recovery A few days hospitalization followed by several weeks of protected function, healing and rehabilitation. This may then be followed by several months of slow improvement in strength and endurance. Risks and complications: Medical risks The stress of the operation may result in medical problems of varying incidence and severity. * Heart Attack * Stroke * Venous Thromboembolism * Pneumonia * Increased confusion * Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Intra-operative risks * Mal-position of the components o Shortening o Instability/dislocation o Loss of range of motion * Fracture of the adjacent bone * Nerve damage * Damage to blood vessels Immediate risks * Infection o Superficial o Deep * Dislocation Medium-term risks * Dislocation * Persistent pain * Loss of range of motion * Weakness * Indolent infection Long-term risks * Loosening of the components: the bond between the bone and the components or the cement may breakdown or fatigue. As a result the component moves inside the bone causing pain. Fragments of wear debris may cause an inflammatory reaction with bone absorption which can cause loosening. This phenomenon is known as osteolysis. * Wear of the bearing surfaces: polyethylene is thought to wear in weight bearing joints such as the hip at a rate of 0.3mm per year. This may be a problem in itself since the bearing surfaces are often less than 10 mm thick and may deform as they get thinner. It is also a problem because the wear debris may cause problems.
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    538 2009-12-22 16:02:45 2009-12-22 16:02:45 open open short-notes-on-joint-replacement-surgery-biomechanics-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261729938 email_notification 1261497598 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Something about Shoulder replacement surgery http://biomedikal.in/something-about-shoulder-replacement-surgery/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:08:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=541 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]The human shoulder joint[/caption] Joint replacement involves surgery to replace the ends of bones in a damaged joint. This surgery creates new joint surfaces. In shoulder replacement surgery, doctors replace the ends of the damaged upper arm bone (humerus) and usually the shoulder bone (scapula) or cap them with artificial surfaces lined with plastic or metal and plastic. Shoulder joint components may be held in place with cement, or they may be made with material that allows new bone to grow into the joint component over time to hold it in place without cement. The top end of your upper arm bone is shaped like a ball. Muscles and ligaments hold this ball against a cup-shaped part of the shoulder bone. Surgeons usually replace the top of the upper arm bone with a long metal piece, inserted into your upper arm bone, that has a rounded head. If the cup-shaped surface of your shoulder bone that cradles your upper arm bone is also damaged, doctors smooth it and then cap it with a plastic or metal and plastic piece. Surgeons are now trying a newer procedure called a reverse total shoulder replacement for people who have painful arthritis in their shoulder and also have damage to the muscles around the shoulder. In this procedure, after the surgeon removes the damaged bone and smoothes the ends, he or she attaches the rounded joint piece to the shoulder bone and uses the cup-shaped piece to replace the top of the upper arm bone. Early results are encouraging.1 Surgeons do most joint replacement surgeries using regional anesthesia. That means you can't feel the area of the surgery and you are sleepy, but you are awake. The choice depends on your doctor, on your overall health, and, to some degree, on what you prefer. Your doctor may recommend that you take antibiotics before and after the surgery to reduce the risk of infection. If you need any major dental work, your doctor may recommend that you have it done before the surgery. Infections can spread from other parts of the body, such as the mouth, to the artificial joint and cause a serious problem.

    What To Expect After Surgery

    Right after surgery

    You will have intravenous (IV) antibiotics for about a day after surgery. You will also receive medications to control pain, and perhaps medications to prevent blood clots (anticoagulants). It is not unusual to have an upset stomach or feel constipated after surgery. Talk with your doctor or nurse if you don't feel well. When you wake up from surgery, you will have a bandage on your shoulder and probably a drain to collect fluid and keep it from building up around your joint. You may have a catheter, which is a small tube connected to your bladder, so you don't have to get out of bed to urinate. You may also have a compression sleeve on your arm, which squeezes your arm to keep the blood circulating and to help prevent blood clots. A physical therapist may begin gentle exercises of your shoulder on the day of surgery or the day after. These exercises are just passive motion; you relax and let the therapist move your arm for you. Most people who have shoulder replacement surgery are able to sit up and get out of bed with some help later on the day of surgery. Your health professional may teach you to do simple breathing exercises to help prevent congestion in your lungs while your activity level is decreased.

    The first few days

    You will probably still be taking some medication. You will gradually take less and less pain medication. You may continue anticoagulant medications for several weeks after surgery. A physical therapist will move your arm for you to keep your shoulder loose as it heals. The therapist will also show you how to use a pulley device so you can move your arm when you go home from the hospital. Your therapist may also begin some simple exercises to keep the muscles of your other arm and your legs strong. Rehabilitation (rehab) after a shoulder replacement starts right away. It is not too demanding early on, but it is very important that you do it. Most doctors will not allow you to use the shoulder muscles for several weeks after surgery. The main goal of rehab is to allow you to move your shoulder as far as possible so it's easier for you to do daily activities, such as dressing, cooking, and driving. Most people eventually regain about two-thirds of normal shoulder motion after surgery. However, other factors that affect how much movement you get after surgery are how much movement you had before surgery and whether the soft tissues around your shoulder were also damaged. It is very important that you take part in physical therapy both while you are in the hospital and after you are released from the hospital to get the most benefit from your surgery. Most people go home 1 to 3 days after surgery. Some people who need more extensive rehab or those who don't have someone who can help at home go to a specialized rehab center for more treatment.

    Continued recovery

    Once you go home, monitor the surgery site and your general health. If you notice any redness or drainage from the wound, notify your surgeon. You may also be advised to take your temperature twice each day, and to let your surgeon know if you have a fever over 100.5F. You will have an exercise program to follow when you go home, even if you are still having physical therapy. You should use the pulley to move your arm 4 to 5 times each day. If you notice any soreness, try a cold pack on your shoulder and perhaps decrease your activity a bit, but don't stop completely. Sticking to your exercise program will help speed your recovery. Rehabilitation generally continues after you leave the hospital until you are able to function more independently and you have recovered as much strength, endurance, and mobility in your shoulder as you can. Total rehabilitation after surgery will take several months. An example of a typical rehabilitation schedule is:1
    • 6 weeks of very limited activity. No movement of the shoulder using the shoulder muscles is permitted. You will use the pulley to help lift your arm and keep your shoulder flexible. Your physical therapist may also show a family member how to do some other exercises for you, such as rotating your arm to the outside and elevating your shoulder. You will have a sling to wear at night, and it's a good idea to also put a small stack of folded sheets or towels under your upper arm while you are in bed to keep your arm from dropping too far back. Your arm should stay next to your body or in front of it for several weeks, both while you are up and during sleep. Don't lift anything heavier than a cup of coffee during this time.
    • Exercises and stretching, starting 6 weeks after surgery. This stage usually lasts until 3 months after surgery and includes active use of the shoulder muscles to do exercises. The therapist will also begin more vigorous stretching of the soft tissues around the shoulder.
    • More intensive strength training starting 3 months after surgery.

    Living with a shoulder replacement

    Your health professional may want to see you periodically for several months or more to monitor your shoulder replacement. Gradually, you will return to many of your presurgery activities. Stay active to help maintain strength, flexibility, and endurance. Your activities might include light yard work, walking, swimming (once your wound is completely healed and your health professional has approved), dancing, and golf. Your doctor may recommend that you avoid heavy lifting and repetitive activities. Your doctor may want you to take antibiotics before dental work or any invasive medical procedure for the rest of your life. This will help prevent infection around your shoulder replacement.

    Why It Is Done

    Doctors recommend joint replacement surgery when shoulder pain and loss of function become severe, and medications and other treatments no longer relieve pain. Your doctor will use X-rays to look at the bones and cartilage in your shoulder to see whether they are damaged and to make sure that the pain isn't coming from somewhere else. Shoulder replacement may not be recommended for people who:
    • Have poor general health and may not tolerate anesthesia and surgery well.
    • Have an active infection or are at risk for infection.
    • Have osteoporosis (significant thinning of the bones).
    • Have severe weakness of or damage to the muscles around the shoulder.
    Some doctors will recommend other types of surgery if possible for younger people and especially for those who do strenuous work. A younger or more active person is more likely than an older or less active person to have an artificial shoulder joint wear out. Doctors usually do not recommend shoulder replacement surgery for people who have very high expectations for how much they will be able to do with the artificial joint (for example, people who expect to be able to play competitive tennis, paint ceilings, or do other activities that stress the shoulder joint). The artificial shoulder allows a person to do ordinary daily activities with less pain. It does not restore the same level of function that the person had before the damage to the shoulder joint began.

    How Well It Works

    Most people have much less pain after shoulder replacement surgery and are able to do many of their daily activities more easily.
    • The shoulder will not move as far as it did before you developed shoulder problems, but the surgery will allow you to do more of your normal activities without pain.
    • After surgery, you may be allowed to resume activities such as golfing, riding a bike, swimming, walking for exercise, dancing, and cross-country skiing (if you did these activities before surgery).
    • Your doctor may discourage you from doing things that put a lot of stress on the joint.
    The younger you are when you have the surgery, and the more stress you put on the joint, the more likely it is that you will eventually need a second surgery to replace the first artificial joint. Over time, the components wear down or may loosen and need to be replaced. Your artificial joint should last longer if you do not do hard physical work or play sports that stress the joint. If you are older than 60 when you have joint replacement surgery, the artificial joint will probably last the rest of your life.

    Risks

    The risks of shoulder replacement surgery include:
    • Blood clots. People can develop a blood clot in a leg vein after shoulder joint replacement surgery, but usually only if they are inactive. Blood clots can be dangerous if they block blood flow from the leg back to the heart or move to the lungs. Blood clots occur more commonly in older people, people who are very overweight, people who have had blood clots before, and those who have cancer.
    • Infection in the surgical wound or in the joint. Infection is rare in people who are otherwise healthy. People who have other health problems, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, or chronic liver disease, or those who are taking corticosteroids are at higher risk of infection after any surgery. Infections in the wound usually are treated with antibiotics. Infections deep in the joint may require more surgery, and, in some cases, the artificial joint must be removed.
    • Nerve injury. In rare cases, a nerve may be injured around the site of the surgery. It is more common (but still unusual) if the surgeon is also correcting deformities in the joint. A nerve injury may cause tingling, numbness, or difficulty moving a muscle. These injuries usually get better over time and in some cases may go away completely.
    • Problems with wound healing. Wound healing problems are more common in people who take corticosteroids or who have diseases that affect the immune system, such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes.
    • Lack of good range of motion. How far you can move your shoulder after surgery depends a lot on how far you could move your shoulder before surgery. Some people are not able to move their shoulder far enough to allow them to do their regular daily activities, even after several weeks of recovery. If this happens, the doctor may give you a medication to relax your muscles and will gently force the shoulder to move further. This may loosen tissues around the joint that are preventing you from bending it.
    • Dislocation of the upper arm bone (humerus). This usually only happens if the soft tissues around the shoulder are stretched too soon after surgery. To help prevent dislocation, do not allow your elbow to move past your body toward your back.
    • Fracture of the upper arm bone. This is an unusual complication, but it may happen either during or after surgery.
    • Instability in the joint. This can be the result of either the soft tissues being stretched too soon after surgery, or the new joint pieces loosening.
    • The usual risks of general anesthesia. Risks of any surgery are higher in people who have had a recent heart attack and those who have long-term (chronic) lung, liver, kidney, or heart disease.

    What To Think About

    Continued exercise is important for your general well-being and muscle strength. Discuss with your doctor what type of exercise is best for you. You may donate your own blood to use during surgery if needed. This is called autologous blood donation. If you choose to do this, start the donation several weeks before the surgery so that you have time to donate enough blood and rebuild your blood volume before surgery. If you need more than one joint replacement surgery, such as a shoulder and a hip or a shoulder and an elbow, there are some general guidelines that may help you and your doctor decide in which order to do the surgeries.
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    541 2009-12-22 16:08:31 2009-12-22 16:08:31 open open something-about-shoulder-replacement-surgery publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261498173 email_notification 1261498112 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    KNOW YOUR PLANES-BIOMECHANICS http://biomedikal.in/know-your-planes-biomechanics/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:18:49 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=544 ]]> 544 2009-12-22 16:18:49 2009-12-22 16:18:49 open open know-your-planes-biomechanics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261499101 email_notification 1261498731 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 WHAT IS A FREE BODY DIAGRAM-BIOMECHANICS NOTES http://biomedikal.in/what-is-a-free-body-diagram-biomechanics-notes/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:21:55 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=547 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="212" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]A free body diagram of a mass on an inclined plane[/caption] A Free Body Diagram is a pictorial representation often used by physicists and engineers to analyze the forces acting on a free body. A free body diagram shows all contact and non-contact forces acting on the body. Drawing such a diagram can aid in solving for the unknown forces or the equations of motion of the body. Creating a free body diagram can make it easier to understand the forces, and moments, in relation to one another and suggest the proper concepts to apply in order to find the solution to a problem. The diagrams are also used as a conceptual device to help identify the internal forces, (for example shear forces and bending moments in beams), which are developed within structures A free body diagram consists primarily of a sketch of the body in question and arrows representing the forces applied to it. The selection of the body to sketch may be the first important decision in the problem solving process. For example, to find the forces on the pivot joint of a simple pair of pliers, it is helpful to draw a free body diagram of just one of the two pieces, not the entire system, replacing the second half with the forces it would apply to the first half. The sketch of the free body need include only as much detail as necessary. Often a simple outline is sufficient. Depending on the analysis to be performed and the model being employed, just a single point may be the most appropriate. All external contacts, constraints, and body forces are indicated by vector arrows labeled with appropriate descriptions. The arrows show the direction and magnitude of the various forces. To the extent possible or practical, the arrows should indicate the point of application of the force they represent. Only the forces acting on the object are included. These may include forces such as friction, gravity, normal force, drag, or simply contact force due to pushing. When in a non-inertial reference frame, fictitious forces, such as Centrifugal force may be appropriate. A coordinate system is usually included, according to convenience. This may make defining the vectors simpler when writing the equations of motion. The x direction might be chosen to point down the ramp in an inclined plane problem, for example. In that case the friction force only has an x component, and the normal force only has a y component. The force of gravity will still have components in both the x and y direction: mgsin(theta) in the x and mgcos(theta) in the y, where theta is the angle between the ramp and the horizontal. All external contacts and constraints are left out and replaced with force arrows as described above. Forces which the free body applies to other objects are not included. For example, if a ball rests on a table, the ball applies a force to the table, and the table applies an equal and opposite force to the ball. The FBD of the ball only includes the force that the table causes on the ball. Internal forces, forces between varies parts that make up the system that is being treated as a single body, are omitted. For example, if an entire truss is being analyzed to find the reaction forces at the supports, the forces between the individual truss members are not included. Any velocity or acceleration is left out. These may be indicated instead on a companion diagram, called "Kinetic diagrams", "Inertial response diagrams", or the equivalent, depending on the author.
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    547 2009-12-22 16:21:55 2009-12-22 16:21:55 open open what-is-a-free-body-diagram-biomechanics-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261498932 email_notification 1261498920 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    INTERVIEW AND SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ON IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL JOBS & NOTES-QUESTION NO 1-20 http://biomedikal.in/interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-no-1-20/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:36:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=551 Define Image? An image may be defined as two dimensional light intensity function f(x, y) where x and y denote spatial co-ordinate and the amplitude or value of f at any point (x, y) is called intensity or grayscale or brightness of the image at that point. 2. What is Dynamic Range? The range of values spanned by the gray scale is called dynamic range of an image. Image will have high contrast, if the dynamic range is high and image will have dull washed out gray look if the dynamic range is low. 3. Define Brightness? Brightness of an object is the perceived luminance of the surround. Two objects with different surroundings would have identical luminance but different brightness. 4. Define Tapered Quantization? If gray levels in a certain range occur frequently while others occurs rarely, the quantization levels are finely spaced in this range and coarsely spaced outside of it. This method is sometimes called Tapered Quantization. 5. What do you meant by Gray level? Gray level refers to a scalar measure of intensity that ranges from black to grays and finally to white. 6. What do you meant by Color model? A Color model is a specification of 3D-coordinates system and a subspace within that system where each color is represented by a single point. 7. List the hardware oriented color models? 1. RGB model 2. CMY model 3. YIQ model 4. HSI model 8. What is Hue of saturation? Hue is a color attribute that describes a pure color where saturation gives a measure of the degree to which a pure color is diluted by white light. 9. List the applications of color models? 1. RGB model--- used for color monitor & color video camera 2. CMY model---used for color printing 3. HIS model----used for color image processing 4. YIQ model---used for color picture transmission 10. What is Chromatic Adoption? `  The hue of a perceived color depends on the adoption of the viewer. For example, the American Flag will not immediately appear red, white, and blue of the viewer has been subjected to high intensity red light before viewing the flag. The color of the flag will appear to shift in hue toward the red component cyan. 11. Define Resolutions? Resolution is defined as the smallest number of discernible detail in an image. Spatial resolution is the smallest discernible detail in an image and gray level resolution refers to the smallest discernible change is gray level. 12. What is meant by pixel? A digital image is composed of a finite number of elements each of which has a particular location or value. These elements are referred to as pixels or image elements or picture elements or pels elements. 13. Define Digital image? When x, y and the amplitude values of f all are finite discrete quantities , we call the image digital image. 14. What are the steps involved in DIP? 1. Image Acquisition 2. Preprocessing 3. Segmentation 4. Representation and Description 5. Recognition and Interpretation 15. What is recognition and Interpretation? Recognition means is a process that assigns a label to an object based on the information provided by its descriptors. Interpretation means assigning meaning to a recognized object. 16. Specify the elements of DIP system? 1. Image Acquisition 2. Storage 3. Processing 4. Display 17. Explain the categories of digital storage? 1. Short term storage for use during processing. 2. Online storage for relatively fast recall. 3. Archical  storage for infrequent access. 18. What are the types of light receptors? The two types of light receptors are 1.  Cones and 2.  Rods 19. Differentiate photopic and scotopic vision? Photopic vision  Scotopic vision 1. The human being can resolve the fine details with these cones because each one is connected to its own nerve end. 2. This is also known as bright light vision. Several rods are connected to one nerve end. So it gives the overall picture of the image. This is also known as thin light vision. 20. How cones and rods are distributed in retina? In each eye, cones are in the range 6-7 million and rods are in the range 75-150 million.
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    551 2009-12-22 16:36:17 2009-12-22 16:36:17 open open interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-no-1-20 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261499782 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261499777 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    INTERVIEW AND SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ON IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL JOBS & NOTES QUESTION 21-40 http://biomedikal.in/interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-21-40/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:38:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=553 Define subjective brightness and brightness adaptation? Subjective brightness means intensity as preserved by the human visual system. Brightness adaptation means the human visual system can operate only from scotopic to glare limit. It cannot operate over the range simultaneously. It accomplishes this large variation by changes in its overall intensity. 22. Define weber ratio The ratio of increment of illumination to background of illumination is called as weber ratio.(ie) ?i/i If the ratio (?i/i) is small, then small percentage of change in intensity is needed (ie) good brightness adaptation. If the ratio (?i/i) is large , then large percentage of change in intensity is needed (ie) poor brightness adaptation. 23. What is meant by machband effect? Machband effect means the intensity of the stripes is constant. Therefore it preserves the brightness pattern near the boundaries, these bands are called as machband effect. 24. What is simultaneous contrast? The region reserved brightness not depend on its intensity but also on its background. All centre square have same intensity. However they appear to the eye to become darker as the background becomes lighter. 25. What is meant by illumination and reflectance? Illumination is the amount of source light incident on the scene. It is represented as i(x, y).   Reflectance is the amount of light reflected by the object in the scene. It is represented by r(x, y). 26. Define sampling and quantization Sampling means digitizing the co-ordinate value (x, y). Quantization means digitizing the amplitude value. 27. Find the number of bits required to store a 256 X 256 image with 32 gray levels? 32 gray levels = 25 = 5 bits 256 * 256 * 5 = 327680 bits. 28. Write the expression to find the number of bits to store a digital image? The number of bits required to store a digital image is b=M X N X k When M=N, this equation becomes b=N^2k 30. What do you meant by Zooming of digital images? Zooming may be viewed as over sampling. It involves the creation of new pixel locations and the assignment of gray levels to those new locations. 31. What do you meant by shrinking of digital images? Shrinking may be viewed as under sampling. To shrink an image by one half, we delete every row and column. To reduce possible aliasing effect, it is a good idea to blue an image slightly before shrinking it. 32. Write short notes on neighbors of a pixel. The pixel p at co-ordinates (x, y) has 4 neighbors (ie) 2 horizontal and 2 vertical neighbors whose co-ordinates is given by (x+1, y), (x-1,y), (x,y-1), (x, y+1). This is called as direct neighbors. It is denoted by N4(P) Four diagonal neighbors of p have co-ordinates  (x+1, y+1), (x+1,y-1), (x-1, y-1), (x-1, y+1). It is denoted by ND(4). Eight neighbors of p denoted by N8(P) is a combination of 4 direct neighbors and 4 diagonal neighbors. 33. Explain the types of connectivity. 1. 4 connectivity 2. 8 connectivity 3. M connectivity (mixed connectivity) 34. What is meant by path? Path from pixel p with co-ordinates (x, y) to pixel q with co-ordinates (s,t) is a sequence of distinct pixels with co-ordinates. 35. Give the formula for calculating D4 and D8 distance. D4 distance ( city block distance) is defined by D4(p, q) = |x-s| + |y-t| D8 distance(chess board distance) is defined by D8(p, q) = max(|x-s|, |y-t|). 36. What is geometric transformation? Transformation is used to alter the co-ordinate description of image. The basic geometric transformations are 1.  Image translation 2.  Scaling 3.  Image rotation 37. What is image translation and scaling? Image translation means reposition the image from one co-ordinate location to another along straight line path. Scaling is used to alter the size of the object or image (ie) a co-ordinate system is scaled by a factor. 38. What is the need for transform? The need for transform is most of the signals or images are time domain signal (ie) signals can be measured with a function of time. This representation is not always best. For most image processing applications anyone of the mathematical transformation are applied to the signal or images to obtain further information from that signal. 39. Define the term Luminance? Luminance measured in lumens (lm), gives a measure of the amount of energy an observer perceiver from a light source. 40. What is Image Transform? An  image can be expanded  in  terms of a discrete set of basis arrays called basis images. These basis  images can be generated by unitary matrices. Alternatively, a given NxN  image can be viewed as an N^2x1 vectors. An  image  transform provides a  set of coordinates or basis vectors for vector space.
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    553 2009-12-22 16:38:37 2009-12-22 16:38:37 open open interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-21-40 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261500532 email_notification 1261499921 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    INTERVIEW AND SHORT ANSWER QUESTION ON IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL JOBS & NOTES QUESTION 41-60 http://biomedikal.in/interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-41-60/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 16:41:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=555 What are the applications of transform. 1) To reduce band width 2) To reduce redundancy 3) To extract feature. 42. Give the Conditions for perfect transform? Transpose of matrix = Inverse of a matrix. Orthoganality. 43.  What are the properties of unitary transform? 1) Determinant and the Eigen values of a unitary matrix have unity   magnitude   2) the entropy of a random vector is preserved under a unitary  Transformation 3) Since the entropy is a measure of average information, this means information is preserved under a unitary transformation. 44. Define fourier transform pair? The fourier transform of f(x) denoted by F(u) is defined by ? F(u)= ? f(x) e -j2?ux dx ----------------(1) -? The inverse fourier transform of f(x) is defined by ? f(x)=  ?F(u)  e j2?ux dx --------------------(2) -? The equations (1) and (2) are known as fourier transform pair. 45. Define fourier spectrum and spectral density? Fourier spectrum is defined as F(u) = |F(u)| e j?(u) Where |F(u)| = R2 (u)+I 2 (u) ?(u) = tan-1 (I(u)/R(u)) Spectral density is defined by p(u) = |F(u)| 2 p(u) = R2 (u)+I 2 (u) 46. Give the relation for 1-D discrete fourier transform pair? The discrete fourier transform is defined by n-1 F(u) = 1/N  ?    f(x) e –j2?ux/N x=0 The inverse discrete fourier transform is given by n-1 f(x) =     ?     F(u) e j2?ux/N x=0 These equations are known as discrete fourier transform pair. 47. Specify the properties of 2D fourier transform. The properties are 1.  Separability 2.  Translation 3.  Periodicity and conjugate symmetry 4.  Rotation 5.  Distributivity and scaling 6.  Average value 7.  Laplacian 8.  Convolution and correlation 9.  sampling 48. Explain separability property in 2D fourier transform The advantage of separable property is that F(u, v) and f(x, y) can be obtained by successive application of 1D fourier transform or its inverse. n-1 F(u, v) =1/N  ? F(x, v) e –j2?ux/N x=0 Where n-1 F(x, v)=N[1/N ?  f(x, y) e –j2?vy/N y=0 49. Properties of twiddle factor. 1. Periodicity WN^(K+N)= WN^K 2. Symmetry WN^(K+N/2)= -WN^K 50.  Give the Properties of one-dimensional DFT 1. The DFT and unitary DFT matrices are symmetric. 2. The extensions of the DFT and unitary DFT of a sequence and their inverse transforms are periodic with period N. 3. The DFT or unitary DFT of a real sequence is conjugate symmetric about N/2. 51.  Give the Properties of two-dimensional DFT 1. Symmetric 2. Periodic extensions 3. Sampled Fourier transform 4. Conjugate symmetry. 52. What is meant by convolution? The convolution of 2 functions is defined by f(x)*g(x) =   f(?) .g(x- ?) d? where ? is the dummy variable 53. State convolution theorem for 1D If f(x) has a fourier transform F(u) and g(x) has a fourier transform G(u) then f(x)*g(x) has a fourier transform F(u).G(u). Convolution  in x domain can be obtained by taking the inverse fourier transform of the product F(u).G(u). Convolution in frequency domain reduces the multiplication in the x domain F(x).g(x)  F(u)* G(u) These 2 results are referred to the convolution theorem. 54. What is wrap around error? The individual periods of the convolution will overlap and referred to as wrap around error 55. Give the formula for correlation of 1D continuous function. The correlation of 2 continuous functions f(x) and g(x) is defined by f(x) o g(x) =  f*(? ) g(x+? ) d? 56. What are the properties of Haar transform. 1. Haar transform is real and orthogonal. 2. Haar transform is a very fast transform 3. Haar transform has very poor energy compaction for images 4. The basic vectors of Haar matrix sequensly ordered. 57. What are the Properties of Slant transform 1. Slant transform is real and orthogonal. 2. Slant transform is a fast transform 3. Slant transform has very good energy compaction for images 4. The basic vectors of Slant matrix are not sequensely ordered. 58. Specify the properties of forward transformation kernel? The forward transformation kernel is said to be separable if g(x, y, u, v) g(x, y, u, v) = g1(x, u).g2(y, v) The forward transformation kernel is symmetric if g1 is functionally equal to g2 g(x, y, u, v) = g1(x, u). g1(y,v) 59. Define fast Walsh transform. The Walsh transform is defined by n-1             x-1 w(u) = 1/N ? f(x)   ? (-1) bi(x).bn-1-i  (u) x=0      i=0 60. Give the relation for 1-D DCT. The 1-D DCT is, N-1 C(u)=?(u)? f(x) cos[((2x+1)u?)/2N]  where u=0,1,2,….N-1 X=0 N-1 Inverse f(x)= ? ?(u) c(u) cos[((2x+1) u?)/2N]  where x=0,1,2,…N-1 V=0
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    555 2009-12-22 16:41:37 2009-12-22 16:41:37 open open interview-and-short-answer-question-on-image-processing-biomedical-jobs-notes-question-41-60 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261500108 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261500104 _searchme 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMECHANICS By DUANE KNUDSON-BIOMECHANICS http://biomedikal.in/fundamentals-of-biomechanics-by-duane-knudson-biomechanics/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 20:52:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=558 About this textbook
    • Develops nine principles of biomechanics that provide an applied structure for biomechanical concepts and the application of each principle is fully explored in several chapters
    • The text continues the traditional approach of providing many human movement examples as biomechanical concepts are presented
    • Includes practical application boxes that highlight in-depth discussions of applications of biomechanics
    • Features activity boxes that allow students to see or feel the effect of biomechanical concepts on human movement
    • Includes interdisciplinary issues boxes that show how biomechanics is integrated with other sport sciences in solving human movement problems
    • Provides real-world examples and emphasizes how biomechanics is integrated with the other subdisciplines of kinesiology to contribute to qualitative analysis of human movement
    • Key terms are bolded and defined in the text
    Fundamentals of Biomechanics 2nd edition introduces the exciting world of how human movement is created and how it can be enhanced.  The book presents a comprehensive review of the major concepts of biomechanics and summarizes them in nine principles of biomechanics.  Throughout the text are numerous examples of applying these principles to the work of kinesiology professionals.  Specific case studies are presented in four application chapters: physical education, coaching, strength and conditioning, and sports medicine.  This text presents a clear, conceptual understanding of biomechanics and is designed to help students link their personal experience to biomechanical concepts.  Biomechanics instructors, researchers, and other professionals helping people to improve movement and decrease the risk of injury, as well as advanced students learning biomechanical principles in biomedical engineering, ergonomics, kinesiology, physics, and sports physiology will find Fundamentals in Biomechanics 2nd edition invaluable. Key Features:
    • Detailed examples of biomechanical principles and their application in the qualitative analysis of human movement in a variety of professions
    • Over 160 figures illustrating real human movement
    • Case studies of actual movement technique examined by professionals in human movement
    • Extensive use of graphs, photographs, illustrations, and citations to important biomechanics literature
    • Glossary of key terms and biomechanics research terminology
    • Appendix of instructional lab activities
    DOWNLOAD THE BOOK FOR FREE HERE
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    558 2009-12-22 20:52:16 2009-12-22 20:52:16 open open fundamentals-of-biomechanics-by-duane-knudson-biomechanics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263058554 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261515141 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    DNA SEQUENCING BECOMES FASTER-SCIENCE DAILY http://biomedikal.in/dna-sequencing-becomes-faster-science-daily/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 20:55:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=562 Boston University biomedical engineers have devised a method for making future genome sequencing faster and cheaper by dramatically reducing the amount of DNA required, thus eliminating the expensive, time-consuming and error-prone step of DNA amplification.
    In a study published in the Dec. 20 online edition of Nature Nanotechnology, a team led by Boston University Biomedical Engineering Associate Professor Amit Meller details pioneering work in detecting DNA molecules as they pass through silicon nanopores. The technique uses electrical fields to feed long strands of DNA through four-nanometer-wide pores, much like threading a needle. The method uses sensitive electrical current measurements to detect single DNA molecules as they pass through the nanopores.
    "The current study shows that we can detect a much smaller amount of DNA sample than previously reported," said Meller. "When people start to implement genome sequencing or genome profiling using nanopores, they could use our nanopore capture approach to greatly reduce the number of copies used in those measurements." Currently, genome sequencing utilizes DNA amplification to make billions of molecular copies in order to produce a sample large enough to be analyzed. In addition to the time and cost DNA amplification entails, some of the molecules -- like photocopies of photocopies -- come out less than perfect. Meller and his colleagues at BU, New York University and Bar-Ilan University in Israel have harnessed electrical fields surrounding the mouths of the nanopores to attract long, negatively charged strands of DNA and slide them through the nanopore where the DNA sequence can be detected. Since the DNA is drawn to the nanopores from a distance, far fewer copies of the molecule are needed. Before creating this new method, the team had to develop an understanding of electro-physics at the nanoscale, where the rules that govern the larger world don't necessarily apply. They made a counterintuitive discovery: the longer the DNA strand, the more quickly it found the pore opening. "That's really surprising," Meller said. "You'd expect that if you have a longer 'spaghetti,' then finding the end would be much harder. At the same time this discovery means that the nanopore system is optimized for the detection of long DNA strands -- tens of thousands basepairs, or even more. This could dramatically speed future genomic sequencing by allowing analysis of a long DNA strand in one swipe, rather than having to assemble results from many short snippets. "DNA amplification technologies limit DNA molecule length to under a thousand basepairs," Meller added. "Because our method avoids amplification, it not only reduces the cost, time and error rate of DNA replication techniques, but also enables the analysis of very long strands of DNA, much longer than current limitations." With this knowledge in hand, Meller and his team set out to optimize the effect. They used salt gradients to alter the electrical field around the pores, which increased the rate at which DNA molecules were captured and shortened the lag time between molecules, thus reducing the quantity of DNA needed for accurate measurements. Rather than floating around until they happened upon a nanopore, DNA strands were funneled into the openings. By boosting capture rates by a few orders of magnitude, and reducing the volume of the sample chamber the researchers reduced the number of DNA molecules required by a factor of 10,000 -- from about 1 billion sample molecules to 100,000. The research was funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute of the Institutes of Health and by the National Science Foundation. Story Source:
    Adapted from materials provided by Boston University College of Engineering, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
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    562 2009-12-22 20:55:39 2009-12-22 20:55:39 open open dna-sequencing-becomes-faster-science-daily publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261515484 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India email_notification 1261515346 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biomedical scientists give man his sight back http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-scientists-give-man-his-sight-back/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 20:59:42 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=565
    Diseases and conditions where stem cell treatm...
    Image via Wikipedia
    Stem cell research carried out by biomedical scientists has enabled a man who was left partially sighted after intervening in a fight to recover his vision. In 1994, Russell Turnbull lost most of the sight of his right eye after being sprayed in the face with ammonia while trying to break up an altercation on a bus, the Times reports. The 38-year-old was left with pain, extreme sensitivity to light and cloudy vision. However, a team from the North East England Stem Cell Institute - which is a collaboration between Newcastle and Durham Universities, as well as Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and other partners - have managed to correct much of the damage. They used stem cells from his left eye to repair the injured one and, a year and a half after the procedure, Mr Turnbull is not almost pain-free and has dramatically improved sight. He remarked: "This has transformed my life, my eye is almost as good as it was before the accident."
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    565 2009-12-22 20:59:42 2009-12-22 20:59:42 open open biomedical-scientists-give-man-his-sight-back publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261516045 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261515597 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715624";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715625";}";";
    Head massaging hat has been made http://biomedikal.in/head-massaging-hat-has-been-made/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 21:09:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=569

    Head massaging hat certifies your dorkiness

    Head massaging hat certifies your dorkiness
    Massages are great, but I generally prefer the touch of another human over a machine. Now Osim, the folks who brought us the massaging MP3 player, have one upped their earlier efforts with the uCrown 2 head massager. Combining air pressure technology, vibration massage, magnetic therapy, gentle heat, and even some built in speakers so you can play some relaxing Yanni music, the uCrown 2 is designed to relieve stress while relaxing your muscles. My only concern is that the benefits will be outweighed by the embarrassment of your family pointing and laughing at you. The uCrown 2 is available now for $200. Brookstone, via Coolest Gadgets
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    569 2009-12-22 21:09:59 2009-12-22 21:09:59 open open head-massaging-hat-has-been-made publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261516451 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261516203 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715621";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715621";}";";
    Biomedical Signal Processing Toolbox-BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-signal-processing-toolbox-biomedical-signal-analysis/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 21:10:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=568 Abstract. This article describes a biomedical signal processing (BSP) toolbox for the analysis of physiologic signals. The BSP toolbox is designed to enable researchers to conduct preliminary analysis of physiologic time series, such as the electrocardiogram (ECG), intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and oxygen saturation (SpO2). The toolbox includes detection algorithms for the ECG and pressure waveforms, spectral analysis, nonlinear filtering, multi-signal analysis, and nonstationary signal visualization. The following sections discuss the functionality of this toolbox and provide examples of its application. download complete article here
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    568 2009-12-22 21:10:21 2009-12-22 21:10:21 open open biomedical-signal-processing-toolbox-biomedical-signal-analysis publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261517838 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1261517585 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715620";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715621";}";";
    LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-biomedical-instrumentation/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 21:45:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=574
  • BASIC INSTRUMENTATION SYSTEMS
  • LECTURE NOTES 1
  • LECTURE NOTES 2
  • LECTURE NOTES 3
  • LECTURE NOTES 4
  • LECTURE NOTES 5
  • LECTURE NOTES 6
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    574 2009-12-22 21:45:59 2009-12-22 21:45:59 open open lecture-notes-on-biomedical-instrumentation publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263059919 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261518360 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715619";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715620";}";";
    Switchable Nanostructures Made with DNA-BIOMEDICAL NEWS http://biomedikal.in/switchable-nanostructures-made-with-dna-biomedical-news/ Tue, 22 Dec 2009 21:54:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=577

    Opens possibility of responsive ‘nanomachines’ for applications in energy and data storage

    Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Brookhaven National Laboratory have found a new way to use a synthetic form of DNA to control the assembly of nanoparticles — this time resulting in switchable, three-dimensional and small-cluster structures that might be useful, for example, as biosensors, in solar cells, and as new materials for data storage. The work is described in Nature Nanotechnology, published online December 20, 2009. The Brookhaven team, led by physicist Oleg Gang, has been refining techniques to use strands of artificial DNA as a highly specific kind of Velcro or glue to link up nanoparticles. Such DNA-based self-assembly holds promise for the rational design of a range of new materials for applications in molecular separation, electronics, energy conversion, and other fields. But none of these structures has had the ability to change in a programmable manner in response to molecular stimuli — until now.
    Illustrations show how a 3-D crystal made from nanoparticles changes between two distinct statesClick on the image to download a high-resolution version.These illustrations show how a 3-D crystal made from nanoparticles changes between two distinct states via an intermediate structure (top row, middle) when looped (left) versus unlooped (right) double-stranded DNA chains are used to link the particles. The scientists were able to measure the distance between the particles in each structure by recording x-ray scattering patterns (bottom row). Switching from looped to unlooped DNA increased the interparticle distance by about 6 nanometers.
    “Now we’re using a special type of DNA-linking device — a kind of ‘smart glue’ — that affects how the particles connect to make structures that are switchable between different configurations,” says Gang. This reliable, reversible switching could be used to regulate functional properties — for example, a material’s fluorescence and energy transfer properties — to make new materials that are responsive to changing conditions, or to alter their functions on demand. Such responsiveness to changes in environmental conditions and the ability to adopt new forms are hallmarks of living systems. In that way, these new nanomaterials more closely mimic biological systems than any previous nanostructures. Though far from any form of truly “artificial life,” these materials could lead to the design of nanoscale machines that, at a very simple level, mimic cellular processes such as converting sunlight into useful energy, or sensing the presence of other molecules. Responsive materials would also have benefits in the field of optics or to produce regulated porous materials for molecular separations, Gang says. The scientists achieved the goal of responsiveness by creating structures where the distance between nanoparticles could be carefully controlled with nanometer accuracy. “Many physical characteristics of nanomaterials, such as optical and magnetic properties, are strongly dependent on the distance between nanoparticles,” Gang explains. In their previous studies, the scientists used single strands of DNA attached to individual nanoparticles as linker molecules. When the free ends of these DNA strands had complementary genetic code, they would bind to attach the particles. Constraining the interactions by anchoring some of the particles on a surface allowed the scientists to reliably form a variety of structures from two-particle clusters (called dimers) to more complex 3-D nanoparticle crystals. In the new work, the scientists have added more complicated double-stranded DNA structures. Unlike the single strands, which coil in uncontrollable ways, these double-stranded structures are more rigid and therefore constrain the interparticle distances. Additionally, some of the strands making up the double-stranded DNA molecules have complicated structures such as loops, which pull the bound particles closer together than when both strands are exactly parallel. By varying the type of DNA device, between looped and unlooped strands, and measuring the interparticle distances using precision techniques at Brookhaven’s National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) and at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials (CFN), the scientists demonstrated that they could effectively control the distance between the particles and switch the system from one state to another at will. The approach resulted in two-configuration, switchable systems both in dimers and nanocrystals, with a distance change of about 6 nanometers — about 25 percent of the interparticle distance. By comparing kinetics in the two systems, they found that the switching between states is faster in the simpler, two-particle system. The dimers also retain their ability to return to their initial state more precisely than the 3-D crystals, suggesting that molecular crowding may be an issue to further investigate in the 3-D materials. “Our hope is that the ability to induce post-assembly reorganization of these structures by adding DNA or other molecules as external stimuli, and our ability to observe these changes with nanometer resolution, will help us understand these processes and find ways to apply them in new kinds of nanomachinery in which the system’s functionality is determined by the nanoparticles and their relative organization,” says Gang. Future studies will make use of precise imaging capabilities, such as advanced electron microscopy tools at the CFN and higher-resolution x-ray techniques that will become available at Brookhaven’s new light source, NSLS-II, now under construction. Gang’s collaborators on this work include Brookhaven colleagues Mudalige Kumara, Dmytro Nykypanchuk and William Sherman, as well as Mathew Maye, a former Brookhaven chemist now at Syracuse University. The research was funded by the DOE Office of Science, by a Laboratory Directed Research and Development grant, and by a Goldhaber Distinguished Fellowship. Brookhaven Science Associates, which manages Brookhaven Lab, has filed patent applications related to this work. For information about these patents and licensing opportunities, contact Kimberley Elcess, elcess@bnl.gov, 631 344-4151. Upon publication, the paper will be available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/NNANO.2009.378. The Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory is one of the five DOE Nanoscale Science Research Centers (NSRCs), premier national user facilities for interdisciplinary research at the nanoscale. Together the NSRCs comprise a suite of complementary facilities that provide researchers with state-of-the-art capabilities to fabricate, process, characterize and model nanoscale materials, and constitute the largest infrastructure investment of the National Nanotechnology Initiative. The NSRCs are located at DOE’s Argonne, Brookhaven, Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge and Sandia and Los Alamos national laboratories. For more information about the DOE NSRCs, please visit http://nano.energy.gov.
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    577 2009-12-22 21:54:19 2009-12-22 21:54:19 open open switchable-nanostructures-made-with-dna-biomedical-news publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261519589 email_notification 1261518859 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715618";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715619";}";";
    HOW YOU FEEL WHEN SOMEONE ASKS YOU WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING? http://biomedikal.in/how-you-feel-when-someone-asks-you-what-is-biomedical-engineering/ Thu, 24 Dec 2009 15:21:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=580 This is the most painful thing that i have to face a day after another. Whenever i am upto somwhere and introduce myself as a person pursuing biomedical engineering then only very few of them acknowledge me and say ohh!!! yes i know what biomedical is about? But most of them end up saying that "this would be somewhere near to biotechnology" and i get  frustrated with that thing. i know that most of us face this thing and then we have to clarify adding up that biomedical engineering is different from biotech engineering and there is a lot that differs between two of them then someone would land up with the question that "what are the scope of this field in india & you would be probably trying to fly abroad" then  again this is the most common thing that we have to face as a biomedical engineer we all biomedical engineer are defined at their place but still we don't have an identity WHAT IS THE IDENTITY OF AN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER? A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER IS THE MOST VERSATILE OF THE LOT HE HAS THE SKILLS OF AN ELECTRONICS ENGINEER HE HAS THE COMPUTING AND PROGRAMMING ABILITY AS A COMPUTER SCIENCE  & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ENGINEER HE HAS THE CLINICAL UNDERSTANDING LIKE A DOCTOR HE CONSIDERS EVERY ASPECT OF MECHANICAL PARTS OF MACHINE AND THEIR ABILITY TO COMFORT THE PATIENT LIKE THE MECHANICAL ENGINEER THERE IS NO TRUE IDENTITY OF BIOMEDICAL  ENGINEER "HE/SHE IS A PERSON WHO CAN APPLY AND USE THE ENGINEERING SKILLS LEARNED IN A WAY TO HELP THE HEALTH-CARE EXTENSIVELY" BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IS THE KEY MOST THING & ONE SHOULD NOT FEEL EMBARRASSED WHEN ONE SAY " WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER" YOU SHOULD PROUDLY BRIEF HIM OUT AND SPREAD THE WORD ABOUT BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING.
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    580 2009-12-24 15:21:15 2009-12-24 15:21:15 open open how-you-feel-when-someone-asks-you-what-is-biomedical-engineering publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261668081 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1261668076 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263220774";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263220775";}";";
    COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL NOTES http://biomedikal.in/complete-lecture-notes-on-digital-image-processing-biomedical-notes/ Thu, 24 Dec 2009 18:12:46 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=583 LECTURE NOTES 1- Image Formation Inside the Camera - Projection Inside the Camera - Sensitivity Sensitivity and Color Summary Digital Image Formation Sampling Quantization Summary (R,G,B) Parameterization of Full Color Images Grayscale Images Images as Matrices Homework I LECTURE NOTES 2- Summary of Lecture 1 Simple Processing - Transpose Simple Processing - Flip Vertical Simple Processing - Cropping Simple Image Statistics -  Sample Mean and Sample Variance Simple Image Statistics - Histogram Point Processing Summary Homework Rules Homework II LECTURE NOTES 3- Summary of Lecture 2 Brief Note on Image Segmentation Histogram Based Image Segmentation Histogram Equalization Summary Homework III LECTURE NOTES 4 Summary of Lecture 3 Histogram Matching - Specification Quantization Summary Homework IV LECTURE NOTES 5 Summary of Lecture 4 Designing the Reproduction Levels for Given Thresholds MSQE Optimal Lloyd-Max Quantizer Systems Linear Systems Linear Shift Invariant (LSI) Systems Summary Homework V LECTURE NOTES 6 Summary of Lecture 5 Convolution and Linear Filtering The Fourier Transform of 2-D Sequences Fourier Transform Types Sampling and Aliasing Summary Homework VI LECTURE NOTES 7 Summary of Lecture 6 The Need for a ``Computable'' Fourier Transform The 2-D DFT for Finite Extent Sequences DFTs of Natural Images Importance of Low Frequencies Convolution by DFTs Summary Homework VII LECTURE NOTES 8 Summary of Lecture 7 2-D Low-Pass Filtering of Images 2-D High-Pass Filtering of Images 2-D Band-Pass Filtering of Images Sampling and Antialiasing Filters Noise Removal Summary Homework VIII LECTURE NOTES 9 Summary of Lecture 8 Fourier Transforms and Gibbs Phenomenon Images and Edges Edge Detection - Motivation Human Visual System and Mach Bands Summary Homework IX LECTURE NOTES 10 Summary of Lecture 9 ``Perceptual'' Image Processing Quantization and False Contours Image Halftoning Image Warping and Special Effects Median Filtering Oil Painting Homework X ALL THIS DATA IS NOT MY PROPERTY IT IS JUST RECOLLECTION OF LINKS  FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF STUDENTS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IT BELONGS TO Department of Electrical Engineering Onur G. Guleryuz Research Assistant Professor Polytechnic University Department of Electrical Engineering 5 Metrotech Center Brooklyn, NY 11201 onur@vision.poly.edu
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    583 2009-12-24 18:12:46 2009-12-24 18:12:46 open open complete-lecture-notes-on-digital-image-processing-biomedical-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262955846 email_notification 1261678370 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715617";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715618";}";";
    LECTURE NOTES ON DIGITAL HOLOGRAPHY http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-holography/ Thu, 24 Dec 2009 18:47:01 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/24/lecture-notes-on-holography/ Lect. 1. Holography and Imaging Methods. Lect. 2. Holographic Transforms in Digital Computers Lect. 3 Digital Recording and Numerical Reconstruction of Holograms Lect. 4. Computer Generated Holograms (CGH): principles Lect. 5. Methods for Encoding CGH for Recording on Physical Media Lect. 6. Optical Reconstruction of CGHs Lect. 7. CHGs and Optical Information Processing Lect. 8. CGHs and 3D Visual Communication Lect. 9.  Lect. 9.  Stochastic Noise Models in Imaging and Digital Holography Lect. 10.  Image Processing Methods in Digital Holography ]]> 589 2009-12-24 18:47:01 2009-12-24 18:47:01 open open lecture-notes-on-holography publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1261680425 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _edit_lock 1261682814 _edit_last 11062180 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715616";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261715617";}";"; Biomedical science 'rising in prominence'-MEDIPLACEMENTS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-science-rising-in-prominence-mediplacements/ Thu, 24 Dec 2009 22:14:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=593 UK, it has been suggested. Writing in the Independent, Steve Connor claimed that over recent decades, biology has become an increasing priority. This follows a time during the early half of the 20th century during which physicists "ruled the roosts", he said. He pointed to the government's pledge to build a £500 million "cathedral of science" dedicated to biomedical science in London. The UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation will develop new treatments for the illnesses such as cancers, heart disease and strokes, flu and other infections. It is due to be completed by 2015 and will employ around 1,200 scientists. Mr Connor cited breakthroughs in molecular biology since the discovery of the DNA double-helix in 1953 as one of the reasons why the field is increasingly prioritised by policymakers. One "big science" research programme run by biomedical experts was the Human Genome Project, he added.
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    593 2009-12-24 22:14:54 2009-12-24 22:14:54 open open biomedical-science-rising-in-prominence-mediplacements publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261693029 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261692895 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960294";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960297";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS IN PUNE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-pune/ Thu, 24 Dec 2009 22:21:50 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=596
    Experience:
    1 - 2 Years
    Location:
    Education:
    UG - Diploma - Electronics/Telecomunication
    PG - M.Tech - Biomedical
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:
    Admin Services/Medical Facilities
    Functional Area:
    Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Basic Qualification :- Diploma in Biomedical / Electronics.
    JOB DESCRIPTION To repair & Maintain Biomedical Equipments, Help in Procurment of Biomedical Equipments Follow up with vendors for smooth operation of equipments
    COMPANY PROFILE
    Aditya Birla Memorial Hospital (ABMH) is a multi-speciality medical centre located at Pimpri-Chinchwad (Pune) in the west Indian state of Maharashtra. The quaternary healthcare centre provides high quality and cost-effective medical services.
    Company Name:
    Aditya Birla Memorial Hospital
    Executive Name: Mr. Raj Patil
    Email Address:
    Telephone:
    020-30717524
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    596 2009-12-24 22:21:50 2009-12-24 22:21:50 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-pune publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261693334 email_notification 1261693324 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960289";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960292";}";"; 19 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:43:41 2009-12-30 07:43:41 1 0 0
    Bioinstrumentation By John Denis Enderle http://biomedikal.in/bioinstrumentation-by-john-denis-enderle/ Fri, 25 Dec 2009 05:03:47 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=598

    Book overview

    This short book provides basic information about bioinstrumentation and electric circuit theory. Many biomedical instruments use a transducer or sensor to convert a signal created by the body into an electric signal. Author John Enderle's goal with this book is for students to develop expertise in electric circuit theory as applied to bioinstrumentation. He begins with a description of variables used in circuit theory, charge, current, voltage, power and energy. Next, Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws are introduced, followed by resistance, simplifications of resistive circuits, and voltage and current calculations. Circuit analysis techniques are then presented, followed by inductance and capacitance, and solutions of circuits using the differential equation method. Finally, the operational amplifier and time varying signals are introduced.
    download this book for free from here
    link1
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    598 2009-12-25 05:03:47 2009-12-25 05:03:47 open open bioinstrumentation-by-john-denis-enderle publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263059747 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261717443 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960284";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960288";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS SITE LAUNCHED http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-projects-site-launched/ Fri, 25 Dec 2009 08:00:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=602 IF YOU FEEL SOMETHING LIKE PROJECTS IS MISSING FROM THIS BLOG THEN YOU CAN VISIT MY NEW BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS SITE

    TO

    BME INDIA BY KUSH TRIPATHI

    All biomedical engineering projects and all the requirements for successfully completing the biomedical projects in India These biomedical projects are brand new and these projects are complete in themselves and easy to make and good to present before the college these projects have been extensively searched through and researched on the internet all the resources have been compiled in a suitable way This information is thoroughly arranged you can get all the insight here

    "It will fill your mind with new inovating ideas"

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    602 2009-12-25 08:00:37 2009-12-25 08:00:37 open open biomedical-projects-site-launched publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261728544 email_notification 1261728047 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960281";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960284";}";";
    ATTENTION!!! ATTENTION!!! ALL BLOG READERS http://biomedikal.in/attention-attention-all-blog-readers/ Fri, 25 Dec 2009 08:23:55 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=605 WHEN YOU WANT LECTURE NOTES ON ANY TOPIC OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING YOU JUST

    "MAKE A REQUEST IN THE COMMENT SECTION"

    I WILL REPLY TO YOUR REQUEST AND PROVIDE YOU WITH THE BEST POSSIBLE ,EASILY UNDERSTANDABLE CONTENT OF THAT TOPIC

    SO DON'T FEEL SHY AND MAKE THIS INTERACTIVE

    AND ALSO ONE MORE THING

    ADD RSS FEEDS OF THIS BLOG ON TO YOUR MAIL SO THAT YOU ARE ABLE TO GET LATEST UPDATES IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

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    605 2009-12-25 08:23:55 2009-12-25 08:23:55 open open attention-attention-all-blog-readers publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262022597 email_notification 1261729435 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960276";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1261960279";}";";
    LINKS ABOUT KNOWLEDGE OF XRAYS http://biomedikal.in/links-about-knowledge-of-xrays/ Sat, 26 Dec 2009 11:48:10 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=621 X-Rays http://www.Colorado.EDU/physics/2000/xray/ See how a fluoroscope works and find information about electromagnetic radiation and CAT scans. Provided by Physics2000 through Colorado educational systems.

    X-Rays

    http://www.coe.uga.edu/science/projects/xrays/x-rays.html An activity complete with information about x-rays, the images needed for completing the assignment, and questions for students.

    Radiology

    http://www.methodisthealth.com/radiology/general.htm Methodist Health Care System's page contains an explanation of what x-rays are and how they are performed. The page also provides links to many x-ray related topics.
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    621 2009-12-26 11:48:10 2009-12-26 11:48:10 open open links-about-knowledge-of-xrays publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263059931 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261828091 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005944";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005945";}";"; 20 http://realurl.org/twitted.php?id=7059241654 94.23.51.159 2009-12-26 11:50:58 2009-12-26 11:50:58 1 pingback 0 0
    WHAT IS BRAIN FINGERPRINTING?-KNOWLEDGE NOTES http://biomedikal.in/what-is-brain-fingerprinting-knowledge-notes/ Sat, 26 Dec 2009 14:30:09 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=625 Brain fingerprinting is based on finding that the brain generates a unique brain wave pattern when a person encounters a familiar stimulus Use of functional magnetic resonance imaging in lie detection derives from studies suggesting that persons asked to lie show different patterns of brain activity than they do when being truthful. Issues related to the use of such evidence in courts are discussed. The author concludes that neither approach is currently supported by enough data regarding its accuracy in detecting deception to warrant use in court. In the field of criminology, a new lie detector has been developed in the United States of America. This is called “brain fingerprinting”. This invention is supposed to be the best lie detector available as on date and is said to detect even smooth criminals who pass the polygraph test (the conventional lie detector test) with ease. The new method employs brain waves, which are useful in detecting whether the person subjected to the test, remembers finer details of the crime. Even if the person willingly suppresses the necessary information, the brain wave is sure to trap him, according to the experts, who are very excited about the new kid on the block READ MORE>>>>>
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    625 2009-12-26 14:30:09 2009-12-26 14:30:09 open open what-is-brain-fingerprinting-knowledge-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1261843865 email_notification 1261837810 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005943";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005944";}";";
    WHAT IS A BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE ? KNOWLEDGE NOTES http://biomedikal.in/what-is-a-brain-machine-interface-knowledge-notes/ Sat, 26 Dec 2009 15:37:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=628 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]A human brain showing frontotemporal lobar deg...[/caption] "THESE KNOWLEDGE NOTES COULD ALSO BE PRESENTED AS A SEMINAR IN YOUR COLLEGE" ABSTRACT A brain-machine interface is a communication system that does not depend on the brains normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles. It is a new communication link between a functioning human brain and the outside world. These are electronic interfaces with the brain, which has the ability to send and receive signals from the brain. BMI uses brain activity to command, control, actuate and communicate with the world directly through brain integration with peripheral devices and systems. The signals from the brain are taken to the computer via the implants for data entry without any direct brain intervention. BMI transforms mental decisions and/or reactions into control signals by analyzing the bioelectrical brain activity. While linking the brain directly with machines was once considered science fiction, advances over the past few years have made it increasingly viable. It is an area of intense research with almost limitless possibilities. The human brain is the most complex physical system we know of, and we would have to understand its operation in great detail to build such a device. An immediate goal of brain-machine interface study is to provide a way for people with damaged sensory/motor functions to use their brain to control artificial devices and restore lost capabilities. By combining the latest developments in computer technology and hi-tech engineering, paralyzed persons will be able to control a motorized wheel chair, computer painter, or robotic arm by thought alone. In this era where drastic diseases are getting common it is a boon if we can develop it to its full potential. Recent technical and theoretical advances, have demonstrated the ultimate feasibility of this concept for a wide range of space-based applications. Besides the clinical purposes such an interface would find immediate applications in various technology products also. READ MORE>>>>>
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    628 2009-12-26 15:37:54 2009-12-26 15:37:54 open open what-is-a-brain-machine-interface-knowledge-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261844146 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1261841875 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005942";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005943";}";";
    BIOSTEC 2010-BIOMEDICAL CONFERENCE http://biomedikal.in/biostec-2010-biomedical-conference/ Sun, 27 Dec 2009 15:15:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=633 3rd International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies Venue: Valencia-Spain Event Date: 20-23 January, 2010 The purpose of the 3rd International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies is to bring together researchers and practitioners, including engineers, biologists, health professionals and informatics/computer scientists, interested in both theoretical advances and applications of information systems, artificial intelligence, signal processing, electronics and other engineering tools in knowledge areas related to biology and medicine. BIOSTEC is composed of three co-located conferences, each specialized in at least one of the aforementioned main knowledge areas. HEALTHINF»International Conference on Health Informatics http://www.healthinf.biostec.org/ BIODEVICES»International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices http://www.biodevices.biostec.org/ BIOSIGNALS»International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing http://www.biosignals.biostec.org/cfp.htm BIOINFORMATICS»International Conference on Bioinformatics http://www.bioinformatics.biostec.org/ Contacts: BIOSTEC Secretariat Av. D. Manuel I, 27A 2º esq. 2910-595 Setúbal - Portugal Tel.: +351 265 520 185 Fax: +44 203 014 5436 Event Site: http://www.biostec.org/ Event E-mail:secretariat@biostec.org
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    633 2009-12-27 15:15:00 2009-12-27 15:15:00 open open biostec-2010-biomedical-conference publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261926933 _edit_last 11062180 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_accuracy 0 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 email_notification 1261926912 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_public 1 _oembed_95ec5c23424713c3bea68cb93e350952 {{unknown}} _wpas_done_twitter 1 _oembed_f7c554b5d595f02130797978266caece {{unknown}} _oembed_66d0bcefe48c63fbeb6605bb9abff7aa {{unknown}} _oembed_22bdff6c168d7629ef6fc781368a09c5 {{unknown}} delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005940";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005942";}";"; _oembed_00583aa3d87e08e3233c3ef4807dd968 {{unknown}} _oembed_e404dc495192f8c98ec638995b4880b2 {{unknown}} _oembed_9e8b8c3901f7d8281bdc3b89196f4c07 {{unknown}} _oembed_8349166c5c9ad840a76a5cf432c96a11 {{unknown}}
    LECTURER OPENINGS IN UNIVERSITY OF HULL http://biomedikal.in/lecturer-openings-in-university-of-hull/ Sun, 27 Dec 2009 15:20:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=636 ABOUT THE JOB University of Hull – Engineering Thriving, respected and established, the University of Hull undertakes internationally acclaimed teaching and research. Equipped with impressive facilities and strong support networks, we’re building on an 80 year legacy of progressive thinking. Our work spans the full range of academic subjects and quality informs our teaching at all levels. Put simply, to join us is to further knowledge regionally, nationally and globally. The Department of Engineering at the University of Hull is the premier provider of accredited Engineering degree courses in the region.  We are a medium-sized department with a reputation for excellent teaching and research, and pride ourselves on the friendly and supportive atmosphere that we provide to our students whilst they study with us. Applications are invited from individuals with an established research track record in an area which can complement the current research activities of the Department of Engineering. Our research themes include: Energy and the Environment; Design, Materials and Process Performance; Medical Engineering. Experience of attracting external research funding or collaborating on grant proposals would be advantageous. The successful candidate will hold a PhD in an engineering or related field and will have the potential to produce work of international distinction. Industrial experience and membership of one of the professional institutions with Chartered Engineer status would be valuable assets. The successful candidate will also have a willingness to teach across a broad range of undergraduate and postgraduate courses primarily related to mechanical, electronic or process engineering. Good communication skills, self-motivation, enthusiasm and commitment to engineering education are essential. Salary range £37,651 – £43,622 pa, pro rata. You can learn more about this position and apply online at www.hull.ac./jobs (vacancy ref: FS0008). Closing date: 22 January 2010 www.hull.ac.uk/engineering www.hull.ac.uk/jobs
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    636 2009-12-27 15:20:34 2009-12-27 15:20:34 open open lecturer-openings-in-university-of-hull publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1261927238 _edit_last 11062180 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005939";}";"; email_notification 1261927234 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262005940";}";";
    SIGNAL PROCESSING OF RANDOM PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNALS-By CHARLES LESSARD http://biomedikal.in/signal-processing-of-random-physiological-signals-by-charles-lessard/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 11:27:40 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=639 Book overview
    Foundations of BioSignal Processing presents the most widely used techniques in signal and system analysis. Specifically, the book is concerned with methods of characterizing signals and systems. Author Charles Lessard provides students and researchers an understanding of the time and frequency domain processes which may be used to evaluate random physiological signals such as brainwave, sleep, respiratory sounds, heart valve sounds, electromyograms, and electro-oculograms.Another aim of the book is to have the students evaluate actual mammalian data without spending most or all of their time writing software programs. Lessard recommends the DADiSP digital signal processing software, which allows students to view process steps in a real-time window with little training. Extensive programming ability is not necessary if an individual wishes to apply basic signal processing principles. However, individuals should have sufficient working knowledge of mathematics through calculus, some physiology, and be familiar with the elements of circuit theory (both loop and node equations for passive and active circuits).
    download this book for free from here
    link 1
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    639 2009-12-28 11:27:40 2009-12-28 11:27:40 open open signal-processing-of-random-physiological-signals-by-charles-lessard publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263059450 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1261999672 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016249";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016250";}";";
    SIGNAL & SYSTEMS By SIMON HAYKINS http://biomedikal.in/signal-systems-by-simon-haykins/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 11:36:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=642

    Book overview

    Intended for use in an undergraduate course in electrical engineering, this book provides a modern treatment of signals and systems. It will prepare students for senior-level courses in communication systems, control systems, and digital signal processing (as encountered in digital audio), radar, radio, astronomy, sonar, remote sensing, seismology, and biomedical engineering. Examples and drill problems and solutions are provided throughout the book.
    download this book for free from here
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    642 2009-12-28 11:36:54 2009-12-28 11:36:54 open open signal-systems-by-simon-haykins publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262111858 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262000228 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016249";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016246";}";";
    Embedded controller hardware design By Ken Arnold http://biomedikal.in/embedded-controller-hardware-design-by-ken-arnold/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 11:46:06 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=646

    Book overview

    Ken Arnold is an experienced embedded systems designer and president of HiTech Equipment, Inc., an embedded systems design firm located in San Diego, California. He also teaches courses in embedded hardware and software design at the University of California-San Diego. Gives the reader an integrated hardware/software approach to embedded controller design Stresses a "worst case" design approach for the harsh environments in which embedded systems are often used Includes design examples to make important concepts come alive
    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FOR FREE FROM HERE
    DOWNLOAD LINK
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    646 2009-12-28 11:46:06 2009-12-28 11:46:06 open open embedded-controller-hardware-design-by-ken-arnold publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262000921 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262000783 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016236";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016236";}";";
    Handbook of medical imaging: processing and analysis By Isaac N. Bankman-Imaging Books http://biomedikal.in/handbook-of-medical-imaging-processing-and-analysis-by-isaac-n-bankman-imaging-books/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 11:50:40 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=650 Book overview
    In recent years, the remarkable advances in medical imaging instruments have increased their use considerably for diagnostics as well as planning and follow-up of treatment. Emerging from the fields of radiology, medical physics and engineering, medical imaging no longer simply deals with the technology and interpretation of radiographic images. The limitless possibilities presented by computer science and technology, coupled with engineering advances in signal processing, optics and nuclear medicine have created the vastly expanded field of medical imaging. The Handbook of Medical Imaging is the first comprehensive compilation of the concepts and techniques used to analyze and manipulate medical images after they have been generated or digitized. The Handbook is organized in six sections that relate to the main functions needed for processing: enhancement, segmentation, quantification, registration, visualization as well as compression storage and telemedicine. * Internationally renowned authors(Johns Hopkins, Harvard, UCLA, Yale, Columbia, UCSF) * Includes imaging and visualization * Contains over 60 pages of stunning, four-color images
    Download this book for free from here
    Download link
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    650 2009-12-28 11:50:40 2009-12-28 11:50:40 open open handbook-of-medical-imaging-processing-and-analysis-by-isaac-n-bankman-imaging-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262001421 email_notification 1262001044 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016237";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016238";}";";
    Electronics For Dummies By Gordon McComb, Cathleen Shamieh-BASIC BOOK FOR ALL BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS http://biomedikal.in/electronics-for-dummies-by-gordon-mccomb-cathleen-shamieh-basic-book-for-all-biomedical-engineers/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 11:57:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=653

    Book overview

    A complete update that covers the latest advancements in the field of electronics! As the go-to guide for electronics fundamentals, this new edition has been completely updated to cover all the latest topics in the areas of circuitry, wiring, robotics, transmitters, hardware, microcontrollers, amplifiers, and more. Packed with exciting new projects, technical updates, and updated examples, this beginner guide to electronics debunks and demystifies the world of electronics. Everyone from hobbyists and do-it yourselfers to people who need to troubleshoot and make electronic repairs will find this guide extraordinarily helpful. The friendly tone used throughout lends itself to a more approachable tone for even the trickiest topics.
    • Offers a brief overview of the science of electronics
    • Reviews the various tools of the trade (oscilloscope, logic probe, etc.)
    • Features numerous new projects, including more than 20 breadboard projects that you can do in ten minutes or less
    • Includes some extremely helpful beginner-level information based on reader feedback from the previous edition
    Jolt into action and get started on your electronics project with this easy-to-understand guide! DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    653 2009-12-28 11:57:02 2009-12-28 11:57:02 open open electronics-for-dummies-by-gordon-mccomb-cathleen-shamieh-basic-book-for-all-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262111774 email_notification 1262001439 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016238";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262016247";}";";
    VIDEO LECTURE NOTES ON DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING http://biomedikal.in/video-lecture-notes-on-digital-image-processing/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:01:49 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=657 1 - Introduction [54:01] 2 - Image Digitization I [57:51] 3 - Image Digitization II [59:02] 4 - Pixel Relationships [57:16] 5 - Pixels Relationships II [54:19] 6 - Basic Transformations [57:42] 7 - Camera Model and Imaging Geometry [55:03] 8 - Camera Calibration and Stereo Imaging [57:22] 9 - Interpolation and Resampling [57:25] 10 - Image Interpolation - II [1:00:07]
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    657 2009-12-28 15:01:49 2009-12-28 15:01:49 open open video-lecture-notes-on-digital-image-processing publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262012536 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262012523 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    VIDEO LECTURES ON MEMS AND MICROSYSTEMS http://biomedikal.in/video-lectures-on-mems-and-microsystems/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:03:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=659 1 - Introduction to MEMS & Microsystems [59:42] 2 - Introduction to Microsensors [59:48] 3 - Evoluation of MEMS, Microsensors, Market Survey [59:41] 4 - Application of MEMS [59:42] 5 - MEMS Materials [59:58] 6 - MEMS Materials Properties [59:41] 7 - MEMS Materials Properties (Contd.) [01:00:50] 8 - Microelectronic Technology for MEMS - II [59:53] 9 - Microelectronic Technology for MEMS - III [59:48] 10 - Micromachining Technology for MEMS [59:47]
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    659 2009-12-28 15:03:28 2009-12-28 15:03:28 open open video-lectures-on-mems-and-microsystems publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1262012623 _edit_lock 1262012637 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    VIDEO LECTURES IN BIOCHEMISTRY FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS http://biomedikal.in/video-lectures-in-biochemistry-for-biomedical-engineers/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 15:07:51 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=661 1 - Amino Acids I [54:02] 2 - Amino Acids II [56:59] 3 - Protein Structure I [59:52] 4 - Protein structure II [54:04] 5 - Protein Structure III [54:52] 6 - Protein Structure IV [57:28] 7 - Enzymes I [51:43] 8 - Enzymes II [59:46] 9 - Enzymes III [54:42] 10 - Enzymes Mechanisms I [53:33] ]]> 661 2009-12-28 15:07:51 2009-12-28 15:07:51 open open video-lectures-in-biochemistry-for-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262024149 email_notification 1262012873 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262015749";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262015750";}";"; INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS BY JACOB MILLMAN & CHRISTOS.C.HALKIAS-MOST IMPORTANT BOOK OF ELECTRONICS AND BIOMEDICAL http://biomedikal.in/664/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 16:12:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=664 ABOUT THE BOOK THIS BOOK WAS PRIMARILY WRITTEN AS A TEXT FOR FIRST COURSE IN ELECTRONICS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS IT SHOULD BE ALSO OF INTEREST TO PHYSICS MAJORS AND TO PRACTICING ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS WHO WISH TO UPDATE THEIR KNOWLEDGE TO SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS AND PARTICULARLY INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS THE PRINCIPAL DESIGN OF THIS BOOK  IS UPON ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT S AND SUBSYSTEMS. DOWNLOAD THE BOOK FOR FREE FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    664 2009-12-28 16:12:03 2009-12-28 16:12:03 open open 664 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262017824 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262016726 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    Top Five Biomedical Innovations of the last decade-Biomedical news http://biomedikal.in/top-five-biomedical-innovations-of-the-last-decade-biomedical-news/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 17:49:20 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=669 As the decade comes to an end, we’ve asked Xconomists and other technology leaders around the country to identify the top innovations they’ve seen in their fields the past 10 years, or predict the top disruptive technologies that will impact the next decade.
    1. Increasing use, validation and acceptance of surrogate endpoints for clinical trials.
    2. Novartis’ imatinib (Gleevec). The first drug for specifically inhibiting an enzyme causing cancer rather than killing fast dividing cells….
    3. Human papillomavirus vaccines. This is both for innovative science, and innovative treatment of a vaccine for a virus tied to cancer.
    4. Robotic surgery. (Intuitive Surgical)
    5. Growing organs in a lab (Tengion, etc)
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    669 2009-12-28 17:49:20 2009-12-28 17:49:20 open open top-five-biomedical-innovations-of-the-last-decade-biomedical-news publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262022572 email_notification 1262022564 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biomedical Engineer choosen as one of the best 50 careers of 2010-breaking news http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-choosen-as-one-of-the-best-50-careers-of-2010-breaking-news/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 17:56:44 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=672 Biomedical Engineer

    "As one of the 50 best careers of 2010, this should have strong growth over the next decade"

    The rundown:

    People today live longer and with better standards of living thanks to a host of factors, not least of which is the explosive advancement in medical processes, devices, and equipment. Imagine medical care without asthma inhalers, artificial hearts, magnetic resonance imaging, or prosthetic limbs. Along with scientists and other professionals, biomedical engineers help develop the equipment and devices that improve or enable the preservation of health. They apply their knowledge of engineering—particularly mechanical or electronic—to areas such as imaging, drug delivery, or biomaterials. Some biomedical engineers might spend their time working on devices and procedures related to rehabilitation or to orthopedics. In general, biomedical engineering applies multiple sciences to the study of the human body and medical problems. The outlook: No single occupation is expected to have more job growth over the next decade or so. Employment of biomedical engineers is expected to grow by a whopping 72 percent—adding nearly 12,000 jobs—between 2008 and 2018. The anticipated growth results from the aging of the baby boom generation, and corresponding increase in need for medical procedures, along with the appetite for medical innovation and advancement. Upward mobility: Biomedical engineers may advance to more complex research and development projects. They may later move up to supervisory positions. Activity level: Average. You may not be constantly moving, but it's not a standard desk job. Stress level: Average. You'll face deadlines and pressure, yes, but much of your work is self-directed, and schedules tend to be pretty routine. Education and preparation: Some biomedical engineers have undergraduate degrees in mechanical or electronics engineering, while newer students may pursue biomedical degrees even at the undergraduate level. For research and development work, you'll generally need a graduate degree. Money: Median annual wages for biomedical engineers were $77,400 in 2008. The highest-paid 10 percent make more than $122,000, while the lowest-paid 10 percent make less than $48,000. DON'T LOOSE HOPE IS THE MORAL OF THE STORY FRIENDS
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    672 2009-12-28 17:56:44 2009-12-28 17:56:44 open open biomedical-engineer-choosen-as-one-of-the-best-50-careers-of-2010-breaking-news publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262280818 email_notification 1262023016 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164330";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164331";}";";
    The 50 Best Careers of 2010 - US News and World Report http://biomedikal.in/the-50-best-careers-of-2010-us-news-and-world-report/ Mon, 28 Dec 2009 18:02:46 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2009/12/28/the-50-best-careers-of-2010-us-news-and-world-report/ The 50 Best Careers of 2010 - US News and World Report Posted using ShareThis]]> 675 2009-12-28 18:02:46 2009-12-28 18:02:46 open open the-50-best-careers-of-2010-us-news-and-world-report publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262023986 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262023366 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164329";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164329";}";"; IMAGING SITES FOR PROJECT DEVELOPERS IN IMAGING TECHNOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/imaging-sites-for-project-developers-in-imaging-technology/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 15:21:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=679 [caption id="" align="aligncenter" width="300" caption="Image via Wikipedia"]Brain MRI Vector representation Category:Brain...[/caption] ABOUT SITES
    • If you work with medical imaging files, this site can help you. Looking for a free DICOM viewer, DICOM converter, or PACS client? You'll find them here. idoimaging.com tracks free medical imaging applications and resources: conversion programs, image display and analysis, surface and volume rendering, PACS clients and servers. Many programs are classified by a speciality to allow you to find similar programs by imaging modality, medical specialization, or similar. Half of all the programs listed here work with DICOM files, but there are over 25 file formats covered.
    All the programs included are free and intended for distribution; there are no "demo" versions of commercial applications. If you are involved in programming, many of the programs are open-source, and provide APIs and SDKs for radiology programmers.
    • http://www.insidestory.iop.org/mri.html
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    679 2009-12-29 15:21:16 2009-12-29 15:21:16 open open imaging-sites-for-project-developers-in-imaging-technology publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262100657 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262100082 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164326";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164327";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS IN MATHURA-UTTAR PRADESH http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-mathura-uttar-pradesh/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 15:55:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=683 COMPANY NAME Drishtee Development & Communication Ltd - Mathura, Uttar Pradesh REQUIREMENT Requirement of two Biomedical Engineers EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS Biomedical engineer with BE/Diploma EXPERIENCE REQUIRED 0-2 years of experience in the sector JOB DESCRIPTION 5 month contract for a project at Mathura in collaboration with Honeywell Tech Solutions Lab, Bangalore for a village based project. The job shall require service and maintenance of the Diagnostic kits at village franchisee locations which shall have capacity of transmitting information related to the tests to the district office. Salary: 25000 per month / Yearly
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    683 2009-12-29 15:55:43 2009-12-29 15:55:43 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-mathura-uttar-pradesh publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262102152 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164324";}";"; email_notification 1262102148 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164325";}";"; 23 jaiswalabhilash87@gmail.com http://abhigud.wordpress.com 121.245.143.108 2009-12-30 07:38:29 2009-12-30 07:38:29 1 0 0
    An A-Z of Digital Signal Processing - COMPLETE RESOURCE SIMPLIFIED http://biomedikal.in/an-a-z-of-digital-signal-processing-complete-resource-simplified/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 16:28:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=685 ABOUT THIS COLLECTION This text aims to present relevant, accurate and readable definitions of common and not so common terms, algorithms, techniques and information related to DSP technology and applications. It is hoped that the information presented will complement the formal teachings of themany excellent DSP textbooks available and bridge the gaps that often exist between advanced DSP texts and introductory DSP. While some of the entries are particularly detailed, most often in cases where the concept, application or term is particularly important in DSP, you will find that other terms are short, and perhaps even dismissive when it is considered that the term is not directly relevant to DSP or would not benefit from an extensive description. There are 4 key sections to the text: • DSP terms A-Z         page 1 • Common Numbers associated with DSP         page 427 • Acronyms                  page 435 • References                  page 443 DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FOR FREE FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    685 2009-12-29 16:28:07 2009-12-29 16:28:07 open open an-a-z-of-digital-signal-processing-complete-resource-simplified publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262116043 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262104097 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164322";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164323";}";";
    Biosignal and Biomedical Image Processing MATLAB based Applications - John L. Semmlow http://biomedikal.in/biosignal-and-biomedical-image-processing-matlab-based-applications-john-l-semmlow/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 16:42:01 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=687 ABOUT THE BOOK Over the past 50 years, digital signal processing has evolved as a major engineering discipline. The fields of signal processing have grown from the origin of fast Fourier transform and digital filter design to statistical spectral analysis and array processing, image, audio, and multimedia processing, and shaped developments in high-performance VLSI signal processor design. Indeed, there are few fields that enjoy so many applications—signal processing is everywhere in our lives. When one uses a cellular phone, the voice is compressed, coded, and modulated using signal processing techniques. As a cruise missile winds along hillsides searching for the target, the signal processor is busy processing the images taken along the way. When we are watching a movie in HDTV, millions of audio and video data are being sent to our homes and received with unbelievable fidelity. When scientists compare DNA samples, fast pattern recognition techniques are being used. On and on, one can see the impact of signal processing in almost every engineering and scientific discipline. Because of the immense importance of signal processing and the fast growing demands of business and industry, this series on signal processing serves to report up-to-date developments and advances in the field. The topics of interest include but are not limited to the following: • Signal theory and analysis • Statistical signal processing • Speech and audio processing • Multimedia signal processing and technology • Signal processing for communications • Signal processing architectures and VLSI design We hope this series will provide the interested audience with high-quality, state-of-the-art signal processing literature through research monographs, edited books, and rigorously written textbooks by experts in their fields DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    687 2009-12-29 16:42:01 2009-12-29 16:42:01 open open biosignal-and-biomedical-image-processing-matlab-based-applications-john-l-semmlow publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263059322 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262104935 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164320";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164321";}";";
    Intermediate Probability Theory for Biomedical Engineers http://biomedikal.in/biostatistics-for-biomedical-engineers/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:02:04 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=691 ABOUT THE BOOK This is the second in a series of three short books on probability theory and random processes for biomedical engineers. This volume focuses on expectation, standard deviation, moments, and the characteristic function. In addition, conditional expectation, conditional moments and the conditional characteristic function are also discussed. Jointly distributed random variables are described, along with joint expectation, joint moments, and the joint characteristic function. Convolution is also developed. A considerable effort has been made to develop the theory in a logical manner developing special mathematical skills as needed. The mathematical background required of the reader is basic knowledge of differential calculus. Every effort has been made to be consistent with commonly used notation and terminology—both within the engineering community as well as the probability and statistics literature. The aim is to prepare students for the application of this theory to a wide variety of problems, as well give practicing engineers and researchers a tool to pursue these topics at a more advanced level. Pertinent biomedical engineering examples are used throughout the text. DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    691 2009-12-29 17:02:04 2009-12-29 17:02:04 open open biostatistics-for-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262106145 _edit_lock 1262116006 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164318";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164319";}";"; 24 sandrapaul12@gmail.com 202.131.117.229 2009-12-31 05:31:54 2009-12-31 05:31:54 1 0 0
    Image and Signal Processing for Networked E-Health Applications http://biomedikal.in/image-and-signal-processing-for-networked-e-health-applications/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:11:01 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=695 ABOUT THE TEXT E-health is closely related with networks and telecommunications when dealing with applica- tions of collecting or transferring medical data from distant locations for performing remote medical collaborations and diagnosis. In this book we provide an overview of the ?elds of image and signal processing for networked and distributed e-health applications and their supporting technologies. The book is structured in 10 chapters, starting the discussion from the lower end, that of acquisition and processing of biosignals and medical images and ending in com- plex virtual reality systems and techniques providing more intuitive interaction in a networked medical environment. The book also discusses networked clinical decision support systems and corresponding medical standards, WWW-based applications, medical collaborative plat- forms, wireless networking, and the concepts of ambient intelligence and pervasive computing in electronic healthcare systems DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    695 2009-12-29 17:11:01 2009-12-29 17:11:01 open open image-and-signal-processing-for-networked-e-health-applications publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262621642 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262106663 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164316";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164317";}";";
    BIOSTATISTICS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS-BIOMEDICAL BOOKS http://biomedikal.in/biostatistics-for-biomedical-engineers-biomedical-books/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:24:50 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=697 ABOUT THIS BOOK DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    697 2009-12-29 17:24:50 2009-12-29 17:24:50 open open biostatistics-for-biomedical-engineers-biomedical-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115964 email_notification 1262107496 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164316";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262164315";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGES OF ANDHRA PRADESH http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-colleges-of-andhra-pradesh/ Tue, 29 Dec 2009 17:56:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=700 College Name , University
    1. M.I.E.T. Engineering College Anna University
    2. Khaja Banda Nawaz College of Engineering VTU
    3. University College of Engineering, Osmania University. Osmania University
    4. P.B. College of Engineering Anna University
    5. Rajalakshmi Engineering College Anna University
    6. Sree Sastha Institute of Engineering and Technology Anna University
    7. Vellalar College of Engineering and Technology Anna University
    8. Adhiyamaan College of Engineering Anna University
    9. Padmasri Dr. B. V. Raju Institute of Technology JNTU, Hyderabad
    10. Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering Anna University
    11. Samrat Ashoka Technological Institute Vikram University
    12. Prathyusha Institute of Technology and Management Anna University
    13. Udaya School of Engineering Anna University
    14. Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering VTU
    15. Raja Rajeswari Engineering College Anna University
    16. St.Peter's engineering college Anna University
    17. Bapuji Institute of Engineering and Technology VTU
    18. Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Anna University
    19. Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Anna University
    20. PSNA College of Engineering and Technology Anna University
    21. Shri G. S. Institute of Technology & Science RGPV
    22. Hindustan University
    23. J.B. Institute of Engineering and Technology JNTU, Hyderabad
    24. SMK Fomra Institute of Technology Anna University
    25. Noorul Islam Polytechnic College Noorul Islam University
    26. Vinayaka Mission's Kirupananda Variyar Engineering College
    27. Jerusalem College of Engineering Anna University
    28. Vel Multi Tech Sri Rangarajan Sakunthala Engineering CollegeAnna University
    29. J.B Institute Of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad (Secundrabad), Andhra Pradesh
    30. Alpha College of Engineering Anna University
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    700 2009-12-29 17:56:16 2009-12-29 17:56:16 open open biomedical-engineering-colleges-of-andhra-pradesh publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262115805 email_notification 1262109381 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262267210";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262267209";}";"; 26 http://telugulo.in/2009/12/29/biomedical-engineering-colleges-of-andhra-pradesh-%c2%ab-biomedical.html 69.65.28.99 2009-12-29 20:50:58 2009-12-29 20:50:58 1 pingback 0 0
    MEDICAL IMAGING PHYSICS By WILLIAM.R.HENDEE http://biomedikal.in/medical-imaging-physics-by-william-r-hendee/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 09:39:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=813

    Book overview

    This comprehensive publication covers all aspects of image formation in modern medical imaging modalities, from radiography, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography, to magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound.  It addresses the techniques and instrumentation used in the rapidly changing field of medical imaging.  Now in its fourth edition, this text provides the reader with the tools necessary to be comfortable with the physical principles, equipment, and procedures used in diagnostic imaging, as well as appreciate the capabilities and limitations of the technologies.
    Medical Imaging Physics covers all aspects of image formation in modern medical imaging modalities, from radiography, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography, to magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. Medical Imaging Physics addresses the techniques and instrumentation used in the rapidly changing field of medical imaging. Topics covered include: * Digital x-ray imaging * Doppler ultrasound * Helical CT scanning * Accumulation and analysis of nuclear data * Experimental radiobiology * Radiation protection and safety * and contains over 200 figures Medical Imaging Physics provides the reader with the tools necessary to be comfortable with the physical principles, equipment, and procedures used in diagnostic imaging, as well as appreciate the capabilities and limitations of the technologies. Contents 1. Imaging in Medicine 2. Structure of Matter 3. Radioactive Decay 4. Interactions of Radiation 5. Production of X Rays 6. Radiation Quantity and Quality 7. Interaction of X and y Rays in the Body 8. Radiation Detectors for Quantitative Measurement 9. Accumulation and Analysis of Nuclear Data 10. Computers and Image Networking 11. Probability and Statistics 12. Instrumentation for Nuclear Imaging 13. Radiography 14. Fluoroscopy 15. Computed Tomography 16. Influences of Image Quality 17. Analytic Description of Image Quality 18. Visual Perception 19. Ultrasound Waves 20. Ultrasound Transducers 21. Ultrasound Instrumentation 22. Doppler Effect 23. Fundamentals of Magnetic Resonance 24. Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy 25. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Instrumentation, Bioeffects, and Site Planning 26. Experimental Radiobiology 27. Human Radiobiology 28. Protection from External Sources of Radiation 29. Protection from Internal Sources of Radiation 30. Future Developments in Medical Imaging Appendixes: * Review of Mathematics. * Fourier Transform. * Multiples and Prefixes. * Masses in Atomic Mass Units for Neutral Atoms of Stable Nuclides and a Few Unstable Nuclides Index DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FOR FREE FROM HERE DOWNLOAD LINK
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    813 2009-12-30 09:39:43 2009-12-30 09:39:43 open open medical-imaging-physics-by-william-r-hendee publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263236412 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262167753 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262267206";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262267208";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT PUNE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-pune/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 16:36:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=819 COMPANY NAME ADITYA BIRLA HOSPITAL CONTACT PERSON Mr. Raj Patil Job Title Biomedical Engineer Basic Qualification :- Diploma in Biomedical / Electronics. Job Description: To repair & Maintain Biomedical Equipments, Help in Procurment of Biomedical Equipments Follow up with vendors for smooth operation of equipments Job Type Full-time Experience Required: 1 - 2 Years Education Required: UG - Diploma - BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING WEBSITE http://www.adityabirlahospital.com/
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    819 2009-12-30 16:36:39 2009-12-30 16:36:39 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-pune publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262191009 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262191004 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283223";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283224";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT PUNE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-pune-2/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 16:39:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=821
    COMPANY NAME
    Apollo Lavasa Health Corporation Ltd.
    Experience:
    3 - 8 Years
    Location:
    Pune
    Compensation:
    According to the qualification and experience.
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical
    PG - Other
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
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    821 2009-12-30 16:39:24 2009-12-30 16:39:24 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-pune-2 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262191171 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 email_notification 1262191164 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283222";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283223";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT SAUDI ARABIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-saudi-arabia/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 16:44:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=823
    Experience:
    3 - 8 Years
    Location:
    Saudi Arabia
    Compensation:
    Education:
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Any Specialization
    PG - Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:
    Service/Maintenance Engnr
    Functional Area:
    Production, Maintenance, Quality
    Job Description Experience on installation & maintenance of Dental,CSSD & Refrigeration equipment. 3-8 years experience for any brand of these equipment Clear understanding of steam and pneumatic systems Excellent maintenance skills and hands on experience

    Company Profile

    Construction Company (Class A)- Estd 1975 Employees 2000 (+) Specialised in Hospital Construction, Planning & Design Has Medical equipment Division for Sales and Service Agent for European & American Medical equipment Suppliers
    Company Name:
    Al Mansouryah Contracting
    Executive Name:
    Manager Recruitment
    Email Address:
    Telephone:
    0096614823362
    Reference ID:
    BME-GEN002
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    823 2009-12-30 16:44:00 2009-12-30 16:44:00 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-saudi-arabia publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262191445 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262191441 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283221";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283222";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING JOBS AT GE HEALTHCARE INDIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-jobs-at-ge-healthcare-india/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 16:49:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=826 Job Number 1110574 Business GE Technology Infrastructure Business Segment Technology Infrastructure - Healthcare About Us What do you envision for your future? At GE Healthcare, our vision involves looking at Healthcare in a completely new way. Focusing on earlier, pre-symptomatic disease detection and prevention, instead of late diagnosis. Helping clinicians access more information and intervene sooner with targeted treatments so their patients can leave longer, fuller lives.We believe we can help make that happen – and we’d like you to be a part of our mission. As a global leader, GE can bring together the best in science, technology, business and human resources to redefine the frontiers of healthcare.Something remarkable happens when you bring together people who are driven to make a difference – they do.---Your Life. Your career. Your purpose. Re-imagined--- GE Healthcare’s Healthcare Systems business provides a wide range of technologies and services for clinicians and healthcare administrators that can help caregivers improve the consistency, quality and efficiency of patient care everywhere. These technologies help provide fast, non-invasive ways for doctors to see broken bones, diagnose trauma cases in the ER, view the heart and its function, or identify the early stages of cancers or brain disorders. With X-ray, digital mammography, CT, MR and Molecular Imaging technologies, GE creates industry-leading products that allow clinicians to see inside the human body more clearly than ever. In addition, with efforts in ultrasound, ECG, bone densitometry, patient monitoring, interventional imaging, incubators and infant warmers, respiratory care, anesthesia management and a wide range of technologies and services for clinicians and healthcare administrators, GE’s Healthcare Systems business enables clinicians to provide better care for millions of patients every day - from wellness check ups to advanced diagnostics to life-saving treatment. What makes GE Healthcare different? Leadership & Learning - Learning is more than a classroom activity. It’s how we come together to embrace change, develop skills for change, and get energized. GE spends more than $1 billion annually in employee development and leadership training. Posted Position Title Software Engineer Career Level Experienced Function Engineering/Technology Function Segment Product Design and Development Location India City Bangalore Postal Code 560066 Relocation Expenses Partial Expenses Role Summary/Purpose The Visualization team within GE Healthcare's Magnetic Resonance software division develops state of the art high performance 3D visualization technology with the required algorithms and platforms. As a software engineer in this team, you will collaborate cross-functionally with a global team of software, platform, 3D graphics and visualization engineers and scientists to develop next generation 3D and 4D visualization applications and platforms. Essential Responsibilities Responsibilities include but are not limited to: - Design and develop 3D application and platform components in line with the requirements and roadmap set by the visualization team, systems teams and product leadership - Work with a cross functional team of engineers, scientists and applications experts to gather and formalize requirements, establish designs, implement and integrate new 3D visualization platform/applications capabilities in accordance with established software development practices and processes. Interacting with global teams to promote consistency and maximize synergies across common software platforms - Translate high level MR application needs that demand new 3D visualization capabilities to subsystem/platform requirements; establish phased platform strategies to support the overall MR Visualization roadmap. Conform to established roadmaps and influence platform directions. - Investigate and resolve product complaints reported by customers interfacing with customers, field service engineers, MR applications specialists and cross-functional engineering teams. Designing and building strong testing infrastructure to minimize dependency on hardware availability. - Leveraging DFR for software, Agile and Lean software development methodologies to drive reliability upstream into the product development life cycle. Lead continuous improvement activities by driving the implementation of process and product quality improvement initiatives This position requires you to embrace and propagate software excellence to ensure exceptional standards to productivity and quality. You are expected to continually sharpen your skills related to software engineering technologies, clinical applications, visualization and image processing as relevant to your work content. As a part of the job, the candidate will have to adhere to the following quality specific goals: 1. Aware of and comply with the GEHC Quality Manual, Quality Management System, Quality Management Policy, Quality Goals, and applicable laws and regulations as they apply to this job type/position 2. Complete all planned Quality & Compliance training within the defined deadlines 3. Identify and report any quality or compliance concerns and take immediate corrective action as required 4. Ensure compliance/closure of Regulatory and Quality requirements before approving Design Outputs/Program Deliverables 5. Lead continuous improvement activities by driving the implementation of process and product quality improvement initiatives Qualifications/Requirements 1. Masters Degree in Computer Science/Engineering, Software Engineering or Biomedical Engineering with 5+ years of relevant industry experience 2. Excellent knowledge of 3D graphics and medical visualization algorithms and their clinical application. 3. Demonstrated proficiency in 3D visualization programming environments such as OpenGL or Direct3D 4. Demonstrated proficiency in C and C++ programming. (Linux environment will be a plus). 5. Strong understanding of Object Oriented Design (OOD) and Programming (OOP) concepts and Unified Modeling Language (UML). 6. Familiarity with industry software development practices, tools and environments - Software development lifecycle from requirements to system integration. Configuration Management systems - Concepts and tools: ClearCase, CVS or equivalent Defect Tracking tools and processes - Concepts and tools: ClearDDTS, ClearQuest or equivalent. Debuggers - Concepts and tools: gdb, gvd, ddd, totalview or equivalent. Software Builds - Concepts & tools used in both development and production environments. 7. Strong Analytical and Problem Solving skills. Desired Characteristics Desired skills 1. PhD in Computer Science/Engineering, Software Engineering or Biomedical Engineering. 2. Experience in the areas of High Performance Computing, GPU programming, knowledge of CUDA from NVidia 3. Experience with rendering optimization strategies and data structures for parallelisation 4. Experience with XML and related tools. 5. Visualization Software development experience in the Medical Device Industry. 6. Familiarity with Medical Visualization (CT or MRI areas will be an added plus). 7. Experience working in a cross-functional product development environment. 8. Strong verbal/written communication and influencing skills. APPLY NOW
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    826 2009-12-30 16:49:22 2009-12-30 16:49:22 open open biomedical-engineering-jobs-at-ge-healthcare-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262191780 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262191763 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283219";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283220";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING JOBS IN INDIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-jobs-in-india/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:09:42 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=829 COMPANY NAME Medsource Ozone Biomedicals Pvt. Ltd. JOB TYPE Sales and Service Engineer JOB DESCRIPTION Responsible for sales service, technical support and application support for complete range of medical diagnostics (pathological) laboratory instruments including chemistry analyzers, Hematology analyzer and other equipment. JOB PROFILE Responsible for Sales and servicing of Medical Laboratory Instruments across the territory LOCATION Ahmedabad, Chennai, Delhi / NCR, Guwahati, Hyderabad / Secunderabad, Jaipur, Srinagar, Vijayawada EXPERIENCE REQUIRED 1-6 YEARS
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    829 2009-12-30 17:09:42 2009-12-30 17:09:42 open open biomedical-engineering-jobs-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262192988 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262192983 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283218";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283219";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN COIMBATORE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-coimbatore/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:13:51 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=831
    Experience:
    4 - 5 Years
    Location:
    Coimbatore
    Compensation:
    Negotiable
    Education:
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical
    PG - Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:
    Bio/Pharma Informatics-Associate/Scientist
    Functional Area:
    Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Job Description Responsible for all Equipments

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Bio Medical Engineer

    Company Profile

    Contact Details

    Company Name:
    Ortho One
    Executive Name:
    Senthilnathan
    Address:
    Ortho One
    657, Trichy Road
    COIMBATORE,Tamilnadu,India 641005
    Email Address:
    Telephone:
    422-91-2317118
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    831 2009-12-30 17:13:51 2009-12-30 17:13:51 open open biomedical-jobs-in-coimbatore publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262193236 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262193231 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283216";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283218";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS IN DELHI/NCR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-delhincr/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:24:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=833 COMPANY NAME Medi Works (ISO 9001 2000 certified) Job Title Required a Service Engineer for an ISO 9001 2000 certified co. Job Description: Installation, Demonstration and servicing of surgical equipments like Ventilator, Electro Surgical unit, Laparoscopy equipment, OT tables & OT lights. Education Required: UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical, Electrical, Electronics/Telecomunication, Instrumentation Experience Required: 4 - 5 Years Contact Person Name Ms. Ritu Singh
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    833 2009-12-30 17:24:41 2009-12-30 17:24:41 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-in-delhincr publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262194254 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262193882 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283215";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283216";}";";
    JOBS IN NORTH INDIA-IBM TECHNOLOGIES RECRUITMENT DRIVE 2ND JANUARY(criteria details added) updateddo http://biomedikal.in/jobs-in-north-india-recruitment-drive-2nd-january/ Wed, 30 Dec 2009 17:33:48 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=836 Visit www.dgc.edu.in IBM Technologies Recruitment Drive Venue: DIET, Kharar, Punjab . (Campus-1) Reporting Time: 11.00 am on 02th January 2010. NOTE: Students must send their confirmation directly only by sending an SMS at 099143-77140 containing their name, Course & College name. Instructions for the ...Joint Placement Drive ü A photo identification like license; college I Card, etc is to be brought by the candidate. ü You need to carry 2 passport size photographs, all the original certificates & 1 set of photocopies of certificates with you at the time of test. ü You need to carry cardboard, pencils, Erasers, Sharpeners & pens. Candidates must apply also for online registration at www.dgc.edu.in, & get their online Hall Ticket. NOTE: Online Registration will be available before or by 27th December to 31st December, 2009. The online registration link at www.dgc.edu.in will be active before or by 11.00 am on 27th December 2009 & will be closed by 6.00 pm on 31st December 2009. For any other query please feel free to call at the mentioned phone no. 99143-77140
    Reblog this post [with Zemanta]DISCLAIMER
    I HAVE GOT THIS INFO ONLINE FROM THE RESPECTIVE SITE I DON'T OWN THIS INFO
    I AM  WRITING AS PEOPLE ARE INQUIRING ME ABOUT IT,THIS INFO IS JUST REPOSTING FROM THE INFO I RECEIVED FROM NET
    I SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IF SOMETHING GOES WRONG
    ]]>
    836 2009-12-30 17:33:48 2009-12-30 17:33:48 open open jobs-in-north-india-recruitment-drive-2nd-january publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262370565 email_notification 1262194445 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283214";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283215";}";";
    SOFTWARE ENGINEER JOBS AT NAGARRO IN INDIA http://biomedikal.in/software-engineer-jobs-at-nagarro-in-india/ Thu, 31 Dec 2009 15:20:20 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=842 COMPANY NAME NAGARRO CANDIDATE'S PROFILE EXPERIENCE 0-6 MONTHS (2009-2010) PASSOUTS TECHNOLOGY JAVA: CORE JAVA & J2EE TECHNOLOGIES DOT NET: MICROSOFT .NET,C#,ASP.NET,SQL SERVER C++: C++,VC++,MFC ACADEMICS B.E/BTECH/M.TECH/MSc(IT/ECE/CS/BM) & MCA -60% & ABOVE TEST SCHEDULE OFF-CAMPUS ON JAN 2010 FOR UPLOADING RESUMES PLEASE VISIT SITE - WWW.NAGARRO.COM/CAREERS FILL IN THE DETAILS THERE AND APPLY AGAINST *FRESHER/SOFTWARE ENGINEER JOB POSITION
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    842 2009-12-31 15:20:20 2009-12-31 15:20:20 open open software-engineer-jobs-at-nagarro-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262272835 _edit_lock 1262273024 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283213";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262283214";}";";
    HAPPY NEW YEAR 2010 http://biomedikal.in/happy-new-year-2010/ Thu, 31 Dec 2009 17:38:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=846 TO ALL THE WELL WISHERS AND READER OF THIS BLOG I WISH VERY HAPPY NEW YEAR 2010 IT WILL BE GOOD IF ISEE ANY ONE OF YOU BENEFIT FROM MY POSTINGS I WILL WORK ON THIS AND GET MORE JOB OFFERS OUT HERE IN 2009 I HAVE STARTED THIS DREAM OF MAKING BIOMEDICAL POPULAR NOW I WANT TO FULFILL IT IN 2010 WISH U LUCK ALL BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS
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    846 2009-12-31 17:38:02 2009-12-31 17:38:02 open open happy-new-year-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _edit_lock 1262501659 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262281088 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262410106";}";"; _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262410108";}";";
    SCHOLARSHIP IN UK FOR BIOMEDICAL(2 DAYS TO DEADLINE HURRY UP!!!!) http://biomedikal.in/scholarship-in-uk-for-biomedical2-days-to-deadline-hurry-up/ Fri, 01 Jan 2010 03:44:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=851 The National Institutes of Health-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program is offered for the year 2010/11 to  outstanding science students committed to biomedical research at the NIH intramural campus in Bethesda, Maryland and one at either Oxford or Cambridge University The National Institutes of Health-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program is an accelerated, individualized doctoral training program for outstanding science students committed to biomedical research. It enables students to undertake a collaborative project in any area of biomedical investigation involving two mentors–one at the NIH intramural campus in Bethesda, Maryland and one at either Oxford or Cambridge University. Students conduct research at both locations and potentially other sites including field work in Africa and elsewhere around the world. Eligibility: Outstanding science students committed to biomedical research Program Details: All students participate in the enriched environment of the residential colleges of the U.K. Universities and enjoy special educational opportunities that develop their understanding of disease outcomes and policy issues related to their studies. The projects culminate in the award of a D.Phil or Ph.D. in science from either Oxford or Cambridge. Students may also pursue combined M.D./Ph.D. training through partnerships the program maintains with a broad range of American medical schools. The program is one of the NIH Graduate Partnerships Program  offerings. How to Apply:
    1. Apply online at https://gpp-nih.symplicity.com/.
    2. Only the GPP application is required for admission consideration to the NIH Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program.   Matriculants will submit their University applications to Oxford and/or Cambridge in early spring when they are admitted to the program, although they are free to submit them sooner if they wish in order to reserve spaces at the colleges of their choice.  Students may only establish a collaboration at a University to which they have submitted an application, but they may submit applications to both Universities if they are unclear at the time of admission which one they plan to attend.
    Further Questions: Questions about the overall GPP and technical issues about the application system should be directed to gpp@nih.gov.  Questions related to the OxCam Program specifically should be directed to Bridget Lampert (lampertb@niaid.nih.gov) or Rachel Schulman (schulmanr@niaid.nih.gov). Application Deadline: January 4th, 2010 SOURCE WEBSITE - http://oxcam.gpp.nih.gov/ WEBSITE WHICH ALERTED http://www.scholarship-programs.org
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    851 2010-01-01 03:44:31 2010-01-01 03:44:31 open open scholarship-in-uk-for-biomedical2-days-to-deadline-hurry-up publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262317605 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262317472 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MICROSOFT STUDENT PARTNERS PROGRAM 2010-2011 http://biomedikal.in/microsoft-student-partners-program-2010-2011/ Fri, 01 Jan 2010 03:53:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=854 CANDIDATES PROFILE They are looking for people who are passionate about Technology, love to share and want to develop skills outside your field of study. WHAT WILL STUDENT GET OUT OF IT?
    • Exposure and recognition on campus with faculty and students. Access to numerous benefits including Microsoft software, reference materials, training and privileged information about future job opportunities.
    • Direct interaction with Microsoft Professionals and partners.
    Registration for Phase 2 of MSP selection 2009/2010 is now closed. The new selection process for 2010/2011 will be announced in June 2010. Please visit this site in June 2010 for latest updates. Phase 2 of MSP selection is now launched!If you are scheduled to graduate in 2011 or later, you can participate in Phase 2. Hurry and register now on https://student-partners.com/Default.aspx. Candidates who applied for Phase 1 will need to register once again. Phase 2 Screening Criteria (All with equal weight):* Imagine Cup 2010: Encourage your friends to register for Imagine Cup. The referral code that you can provide to them is your own Username on the Imagine Cup site. For tracking purposes, your friends who register on imaginecup.com can enter this referral code in the “Referral code” field at the time of registration. Consider using social media like Twitter, Facebook & other forums to spread the word rather than email. Please do not spam!Note: We have internal reports to track the referrals. However, due to the volume of candidates that apply, this will not be shared externally.
    • IC2010 IT Challenge or Visual Studio ALM Challenge: Scores in the Nov/Dec quizzes of Imagine Cup and Round 1 of VS ALM Challenge (Student category) will be considered.
    • Student Tech Club: Create a new STC or if an existing STC exists in your campus, you can join it. To find out if a tech club exists in your vicinity, you can use the search feature on Student Tech Club Search) *
    • Statement of Purpose: This is available on the registration form.
    • If you are passionate about technology and looking for a unique opportunity to share that talent, we are looking for you! Motivated Bachelor’s/Master’s Degree students specializing in Science, Technology, Engineering, Maths or Design who will graduate after May 2011 are invited to apply for the Microsoft Student Partner (MSP) Program.
    • In exchange for sharing your knowledge and participating in fun activities on your campus, you will get a whole host of benefits, the chance to connect with like-minded people and gain real-world experience to add to your résumé.
    Collaborate ... Innovate ... Celebrate!For detailed eligibility criteria, selection process, benefits, responsibilities and other relevant information, please visit the BELOW mentioned site. Website : https://student-partners.com/Default.aspx Email address: studpart@microsoft.com ALERTED BY AND THANKS TO LET ME KNOW TEAM
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    854 2010-01-01 03:53:07 2010-01-01 03:53:07 open open microsoft-student-partners-program-2010-2011 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262360454";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262360452";}";"; _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262318208 email_notification 1262318002 geo_accuracy 0 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 29 LionKing512@gmail.com http://siddharthm.wordpress.com 122.172.18.209 2010-01-01 06:28:37 2010-01-01 06:28:37 1 0 0
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING JOBS AT BANGLORE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-jobs-at-banglore/ Fri, 01 Jan 2010 08:57:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=857
    Experience:
    3 - 8 Years
    Location:
    Bengaluru/Bangalore
    Compensation:
    As per hospital standards
    Education:
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical
    PG - M.Tech - Biomedical
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:
    Lab Technician/Medical Technician/Lab Staff
    Functional Area:
    Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Job Description
    To maintain the Bio medical equipments and other equipments of the hospital

    Desired Candidate Profile

    To maintain,Service,calibrate all the equipment in the hospital

    Company Profile

    A premier healthcare provider in bangalore city
    Contact Details
    Company Name:
    Mallige Medical Center
    Executive Name:
    Administrator
    Address:
    No.31/32
    Nr To Bangalore Internet,Crescent Road
    BANGALORE,Karnataka,India 560001
    Email Address:
    Telephone:
    80-91-22203333
    SOURCE
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    857 2010-01-01 08:57:28 2010-01-01 08:57:28 open open biomedical-engineering-jobs-at-banglore publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262336401 email_notification 1262336260 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS AT DELHI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-at-delhi/ Fri, 01 Jan 2010 09:11:06 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=860 Experience Required: 0 - 2 Years Education Required: Any Diploma, B.Sc - Biology, B.Sc - Electronics, B.Sc - Micro-Biology, B.Sc - Pass Course, B.Sc - Physics, B.Sc - Zoology, B.E./B.Tech - Bio-Medical, B.E./B.Tech - Instrumentation, Diploma - Marketing, M.Sc - Biology, M.Sc - Electronics, M.Sc - Physics, M.Sc - Zoology, MBA/PGDM/PGDBA - Marketing Job Title Sr Sales Executive / Sales Executive, Delhi Job Type Full-time Job Description: We are India's leading Marketing company with international brand super specialty Medical Equipment . Towards our company expansion plan, we have immediate multiple Job opening as Follows: 1) Technical Sales Executives / Sr Sales Executives / sales Executives /Sales Officers/ Sales Engineers -Medical equipment Qualification: Required immediately a potential Male / Female candidates with B.Sc /M.Sc ( Life Science /Zoology / Physics / B.Tech /Diploma in Biomedical Science) Experience Required - Fresher OR Upto 5yrs exp with good communication skills and fluency in English / Hindi interested to build career in medical Equipments marketing company. Ready to learn and get conversant with new products, latest technology. Job Responsibility:
    • The candidates needs to do sales and business developments and consulting to private dental Surgeon /Physician / Dermatologist /clients .
    • Fix up appointments for product discussion meeting with leading Physician / doctor to inform and convince client for our International Brand Medical equipment with superior quality and state of art technology Medical equipment.
    • Develop prospective Lead for our Medical equipments.
    Scope of future:
    • Result oriented ,self start, Go getter,ready to take challenges and achieve sales target.
    • Result Oriented candidate can expect good future & fast growth in the company.
    Job Location: DELHI. Training: All selected candidates will get product training by company. The selected candidate require immediate early date of joining after interview. Salary: Best in medical equipment Marketing Industry. About Us: We are India's leading all india Medical Equipments & Device marketing Company having Sales & Service and Maintenance of a wide variety of Medical Equipments and dealing with some of the leading international brand Medical Electronics Equipments used in various Medical super Specialty. Interested candidate may apply along with their Latest CV / Resume to our below mail id given. CONTACT DETAILS Mr Puneet Kumar, The HR Manager, Advent Medical Technologies DELHI, India email: adventmedicaltechnologiesatyahoo.com, AMTINDIAatYMAIL.COM pH:9350277195
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    860 2010-01-01 09:11:06 2010-01-01 09:11:06 open open biomedical-jobs-at-delhi publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262360366";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262360364";}";"; _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262337071 email_notification 1262337067 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    78 TEACHING JOBS AT NIT,RAIPUR FOR ARCHITECTURE, BIOMEDICAL,BIOTECHNOLOGY,CHEMICAL,COMPUTER SCIENCE,IT,ECE,ELECTRICAL,MECHANICAL,MCA,MINING AND MANY MORE...... http://biomedikal.in/78-teaching-jobs-at-nitraipur-for-architecture-biomedicalbiotechnologychemicalcomputer-scienceiteceelectricalmechanicalmcamining-and-many-more/ Fri, 01 Jan 2010 15:54:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=865 Ph.D. programmes in engineering and technology. Applications are invited from Indian Nationals for the following faculty positions: Details Of Vacancies :
    Name of the Department Asstt Professor Name of the Department Asstt Professor
    Architecture 08 Chemical Engineering 02
    Bio-Medical Engineering 05 Mechanical Engineering 08
    Bio-Technology 04 MCA 02
    Civil Engineering 07 Chemistry 02
    Computer Sc. & Engineering 06 Mathematics 04
    Electronics and Telecommunication 06 English 01
    Electrical Engineering 07 Applied Mechanics Nil
    Information Technology 05 Training and Placement Ni
    Metallurgical Engineering 06 Applied Geology Nil
    Mining Engineering 04 Physics 01
    Total 78
    Qualifications & Experience 1. Engineering and Technology : First Class M.E. / M.Tech. in appropriate branch of Engineering / Technology 2. MCA : First Class MCA or First Class M.E. / M.Tech. in a specialization of Computer Science and Engineering / Technology or Information Technology or relevant field. 3. Architecture : For one post of Assistant Professor First Class M.E. / M.Tech. in Civil Engineering with specialization in Structural Engineering. For remaining posts of Assistant Professor: First Class Master’s Degree in Architecture / Planning / relevant field together with Bachelor’s Degree in Architecture and valid registration with the Council of Architecture. 4. Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology Dept : First Class Master’s Degree in a specialization of Computer Science and Engineering / Technology or Information Technology with First Class Bachelor’s degree in any discipline of Engineering / Technology 5. Bio-Technology First Class M.E. / M.Tech. in Biotechnology / Biochemical Engg/ Bioengineering / Bioprocess Engg. / relevant field. OR Ph.D. in Applied Biological Sciences such as Microbiology, Biochemistry, Genetic Engineering, Molecular Biology, Pharmacy, Biophysics, and relevant fields. Desirable: Candidates fulfilling the above criteria and having B.E. / B. Tech. In Biotechnology shall be given preference 6. Bio Medical Engineering : First Class M.E. / M.Tech. in Biomedical Engineering / Instrumentation / Electronics with Bachelor’s Degree in Biomedical Engineering / Instrumentation / Electronics or relevant discipline. Desirable: Candidates fulfilling the above criteria and having B.E. / B.Tech. In Biomedical Engineering / Technology shall be given preference 7. English and Applied Science : Ph.D. Degree in relevant field with First Class in Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree in the relevant discipline. Pay Scale : Rs. 15600/- – 39100/- with AGP Rs. 6000/- How to Apply : Application in the prescribed format should be submitted along with attested copies of certificates, testimonials and with a processing fee of Rs. 500/- (no fee for SC/ST/PH candidates) by D.D. in favour of “Director, National Institute of Technology, Raipur” payable at Raipur. The candidate should submit the application in an envelope superscribing clearly “APPLICATION FOR THE POST OF …………… DISCIPLINE……….………..” to The REGISTRAR, National Institute of Technology, G.E. Road, Raipur – 492 010 (Chhattisgarh). Last date of receipt of application form is February-1-2010 (Monday) by Speed Post/ Registered post/ By hand. Details Here Download Application Form SOURCE Advertisement No./NITRR/Recruitment/2009/3171
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    865 2010-01-01 15:54:15 2010-01-01 15:54:15 open open 78-teaching-jobs-at-nitraipur-for-architecture-biomedicalbiotechnologychemicalcomputer-scienceiteceelectricalmechanicalmcamining-and-many-more publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262362249 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262363314";}";"; email_notification 1262361260 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262363316";}";";
    PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS By IRA J.KALET http://biomedikal.in/principles-of-biomedical-informatics-by-ira-j-kalet/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 05:46:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=871

    Book overview

    This book provides a foundation for understanding the fundamentals of biomedical informatics, which deals with the storage, retrieval, and use of biomedical data for biological problem solving and medical decision making. It covers the application of these principles to the three main biomedical domains of basic biology, clinical medicine, and public health. The author offers a coherent summary, focusing on the three core concept areas of biomedical data and knowledge representation, biomedical information access, biomedical decision making, and information and technology use in biomedical contexts. * Develops principles and methods for representing biomedical data, using information in context and in decision making, and accessing information to assist the medical community in using data to its full potential * Provides a series of principles for expressing biomedical data and ideas in a computable form to integrate biological, clinical, and public health applications * Includes a discussion of user interfaces, interactive graphics, and knowledge resources and reference material on programming languages to provide medical informatics programmers with the technical tools to develop systems
    DOWNLOAD BOOK
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    871 2010-01-03 05:46:31 2010-01-03 05:46:31 open open principles-of-biomedical-informatics-by-ira-j-kalet publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262498042 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1262497595 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514281";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514282";}";";
    MODERN CONTROL ENGINEERING By KATUSHIKO OGATA http://biomedikal.in/modern-control-engineering-by-katushiko-ogata/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 06:01:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=875

    Book overview

    Ogata's Modern Control Engineering, eoffers comprehensive coverage of control engineering, including frequency response approach, root-locus approach, and state-space approach to analysis and design of control systems. The text provides a gradual development of control theory, shows how to solve all computational problems with MATLAB, and avoids highly mathematical arguments. A wealth of examples and worked problems are featured throughout the text. The new edition offers many updates including coverage of ethics and an enhanced Companion Website that offers new links and new activities based in research and writing. Laplace transform; mathematical modeling of mechanical systems, electrical systems, fluid systems, and thermal systems; transient and steady-state-response analyses, root-locus analysis and control systems design by the root-locus method; frequency-response analysis and control systems design by the frequency-response; two-degrees-of-freedom control; state space analysis of control systems and design of control systems in state space. The new edition also includes coverage of ethics. MARKET: For control systems engineers.
    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK
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    875 2010-01-03 06:01:28 2010-01-03 06:01:28 open open modern-control-engineering-by-katushiko-ogata publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262499367 email_notification 1262498492 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514323";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514323";}";";
    FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS AND BIOMATERIALS-BIOMEDICAL BOOKS http://biomedikal.in/functional-materials-and-biomaterials-biomedical-books/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 06:23:20 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=878 ABOUT BOOK The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics andmaterial science. It is adressed to all scientists at universities and in industry who wish to keep abreast of advances in the topics covered.As a rule, contributions are specially commissioned. The editors and publishers will, however, always be pleased to receive suggestions and supplementary information. Papers are accepted for Advances in Polymer Science in English. In references Advances in Polymer Science is abbreviated Adv Polym Sci and is cited as a journaL. READ ABOUT THE BOOK FROM HERE http://www.springerlink.com/content/wt06q756t118/ DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK
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    878 2010-01-03 06:23:20 2010-01-03 06:23:20 open open functional-materials-and-biomaterials-biomedical-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263057466 email_notification 1262499814 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514481";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514482";}";";
    BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE:AN INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS IN MEDICINE-BIOMEDICAL BOOKS http://biomedikal.in/biomaterials-sciencean-introduction-to-materials-in-medicine-biomedical-books/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 06:31:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=884 Book overview
    The second edition of this bestselling title presents the most up-to-date comprehensive reviews of all aspects of biomaterials science by providing a balanced, curricular approach to learning biomaterials. An historical perspective of materials engineering principles is integrated with the biological interactions of biomaterials, regulatory and ethical issues and future directions of the field, and a state-of-the-art update of medical and biotechnological applications. From tissue engineering to cochlear prostheses and drug delivery systems, all aspects of this important and growing field are thoroughly addressed. Contributions detailing the principles of cell biology, immunology, and pathology from pre-eminent researchers and practitioners from diverse academic and professional backgrounds have been integrated into this important volume. The chapters focus on the clinical uses of biomaterials as components in implants, devices, and artificial organs and their uses in biotechnology as well as the characterization of the physical, chemical, biochemical and surface properties of these materials. *Over 80 contributors from academia, government and industry. *The most up-to-date comprehensive reviews of all aspects of biomaterials *Endorsed by the Society for Biomaterials *Provides comprehensive coverage of principles and applications of all classes of biomaterials *Integrates concepts of biomaterials science and biological interactions with clinical science and societal issues including law, regulation, and ethics *Discusses successes and failures of biomaterials applications in clinical medicine and the future directions of the field *Cover the broad spectrum of biomaterial compositions including polymers, metals, ceramics, glasses, carbons, natural materials, and composites
    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE
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    884 2010-01-03 06:31:15 2010-01-03 06:31:15 open open biomaterials-sciencean-introduction-to-materials-in-medicine-biomedical-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262500529 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262500279 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262611669";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262611671";}";";
    JOB DESCRIPTION OF A TYPICAL BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER http://biomedikal.in/job-description-of-a-typical-biomedical-engineer/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 09:00:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=892 Biomedical engineers apply engineering principles and materials technology to healthcare. This can include researching, designing and developing medical products, such as joint replacements or robotic surgical instruments; designing or modifying equipment for clients with special needs in a rehabilitation setting; or managing the use of clinical equipment in hospitals and the community. Biomedical engineers can be employed by health services, medical equipment manufacturers and research departments/institutes. Job titles can vary depending on the exact nature of the work. As well as biomedical engineer you are likely to come across bioengineer; design engineer; and clinical scientist (in a hospital setting/clinical situation).

    Typical work activities

    Work activities vary, depending on where you work and the seniority of the post, but typically involve:
    • using computer software and mathematical models to design, develop and test new materials, devices and equipment. This can involve programming electronics; building and evaluating prototypes; troubleshooting problems; and rethinking the design until it works correctly;
    • liaising with technicians and manufacturers to ensure the feasibility of a product in terms of design and economic viability;
    • conducting research to solve clinical problems using a variety of means to collate the necessary information, including questionnaires, interviews and group conferences;
    • liaising closely with other medical professionals, such as doctors and therapists as well as with end-users (patients and their carers);
    • discussing and solving problems with manufacturing, quality, purchasing and marketing departments;
    • assessing the potential wider market for products or modifications suggested by health professionals or others;
    • arranging clinical trials of medical products;
    • approaching marketing and other industry companies to sell the product;
    • writing reports and attending conferences and exhibitions to present your work and latest designs to a range of technical and non-technical audiences;
    • meeting with senior health service staff or other managers to exchange findings;
    • dealing with technical queries from hospitals and GPs and giving advice on new equipment;
    • testing and maintaining clinical equipment;
    • training technical or clinical staff;
    • investigating safety-related incidents;
    • keeping up to date with new developments in the field, nationally and internationally.
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    892 2010-01-03 09:00:39 2010-01-03 09:00:39 open open job-description-of-a-typical-biomedical-engineer publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262509249 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262509243 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514618";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262514618";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER SUMMER/SEMESTER TRAINING IN INDIA By KUSH TRIPATHI(all faq's included with full explanation) http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-summersemester-training-in-india-by-kush-tripathiall-faqs-included-with-full-explanation/ Sun, 03 Jan 2010 11:11:32 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=894
  • Where to do biomedical training?
  • How to apply for biomedical training?
  • Which institutes offer training to biomedical students in country?
  • Is this training compulsory?
  • Why should one do training?
  • What is taught in training?
  • Taking it in reverse order first of all i would like to highlight
    • What happens in training?
    It is a learning process that involves the acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of skills, concepts, rules, or changing of attitudes and behaviours to enhance the performance of students. Training is activity leading to skilled behavior.
    • It’s not what you want in life, but it’s knowing how to reach it
    • It’s not where you want to go, but it’s knowing how to get there
    • It’s not how high you want to rise, but it’s knowing how to take off
    • It may not be quite the outcome you were aiming for, but it will be an outcome
    • It’s not what you dream of doing, but it’s having the knowledge to do it
    • It's not a set of goals, but it’s more like a vision
    • It’s not the goal you set, but it’s what you need to achieve it
    Training is about knowing where you stand (no matter how good or bad the current situation looks) at present, and where you will be after some point of time. Training is about the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSA) through professional development This was the meaning of training SCENARIO OF SUMMER TRAINING IN INDIA "Actually in INDIA at student's level training is not taken seriously and people ought to unfair means of producing certificates from their links or resources" And those who truly take training do following things
    • if they are going for big brands of market then they are given table jobs,thus they have to just go to the company at time for some days after that you are given a certificate of longer duration so that they can produce it in college for(PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THEIR B.E/B.TECH).(35%% of students)
    • Some students are worried about their future so they join some certification program from the big brands like  NIIT technologies etc...;their they complete their courses on c/c++,java,dot net etc...,with the word that it will help them in getting a good future ,these institutes are also joined by those students who feel that they can't do training at good companies because they don't have any approach so lets pay n learn(45% students)
    • It has given rise to a great market of training industries in india who offer paid training and certifications
    There are only 5% students who get good training in companies and that too without any approach so it becomes too difficult for an engineer to decide about training;And it becomes more difficult for those students who study in college which not supports them in getting training. But all this can do good if you are doing engineering in core fields like electronics,computers,it,mechanical But when you come across training for an biomedical engineering there are very few institutes helping in this way also.
    • Why should an Biomedical engineer do summer training?
    The answer to this question is that in whichever college you are doing biomedical engineering, there will be no good labs to help you,thus you will be practically ignorant about the things AND also being an engineer means to be able to do practical work in the field related engineering colleges cannot afford big machines just for the sake of practice of bunch of students in the branch so almost all college lack in their biomedical labs (exceptions are always there) But this very fact makes the training more necessary for biomedical engineers as theory cannot be understood well without doing practicals you may learn all the facts given in the book but you can never practically apply them and innovate in those things I think this is the reason why training is necessary in the engineering career
    • Is this training compulsory?
    Training is not compulsory everywhere but their are many universities which have made it mandatory which is good
    • Which institutes offer training to biomedical students in country?
    There are many institute who offer training in biomedical field i will highlight some of them here
    1. Centre for biomedical engineering (IIT delhi & AIIMS joint venture)
    2. Defence research development organisation (DRDO) IN DELHI mainly INMAS AND DIPAS
    3. CARDEA LABS (COMPLETE BIOMEDICAL SOLUTION) only proffesional trainer for biomedical in delhi
    4. LABVIEW TRAINING BY NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTORS
    5. MICROCONTROLLER AND ITS APPLICATION TRAINING( MANY ARE THERE BUT TICO IS THE BEST ONE AT JANAKPURI,DELHI
    6. MATLAB TRAINING IN NEW DELHI, NOIDA
    7. SCIENTECH TECHNOLOGIES,INDORE
    8. FORTIS HOSPITALS
    9. APOLLO HOSPITAL
    10. ESCORTS HOSPITAL
    AND MANY MORE HOSPITALS IN DELHI ARE THERE BUT I AM NOT INCLUDING THEM AS THESE ARE THE BEST ONES FOR OTHER CITIES I WILL BE UPDATING SOON DON'T WORRY!!!!!
    • How to apply for biomedical training?
    FOR THAT YOU HAVE TO CONTACT ME I CAN TELL YOU INDIVIDUALLY I CAN'T EXPLAIN THAT THING IN WORDS SO FEEL FREE TO CONTACT ME EMAIL: KUSHTRIPATHI20006@GMAIL.COM WEBSITE: HTTP://BIOMEDINDIA.CO.NR CONTACT NUMBER +919899152047
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    894 2010-01-03 11:11:32 2010-01-03 11:11:32 open open biomedical-engineer-summersemester-training-in-india-by-kush-tripathiall-faqs-included-with-full-explanation publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262606063";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262606065";}";"; _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262517098 email_notification 1262517093 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SUMMER TRAINING OF TELEMEDICINE AT LUCKNOW-BIOMEDICAL TRAINING http://biomedikal.in/summer-training-of-telemedicine-at-lucknow-biomedical-training/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 12:35:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=896 Summer Training in the subject of Telemedicine, e Health and Biomedical Informatics is available now at the newly established School of Telemedicine & Biomedical Informatics, SGPGIMS, Lucknow. Details regarding Summer Training Schedule and Fees Structure will be posted at the site (www.sgpgi-telemedicine.org) Samples of past courses - Course content and schedule of training (Telemedicine & eHealth) offered to WHO delegation from Maldives and Delegation from U.P. & M.P. Govt. and Samples of short term courses offered in Biomedical Informatics ( last three batches ) can be found at the same site for reference. Certificate courses ( Short Term Courses ) tailoring to the need of the Candidate is now launched. It is available through out the year. Details at the site as above. Online Courses will be started in due course of time once regular courses are stream lined. The School has the state of the art World Class infrastructure and excellent faculty (In-house, Visiting, Online from India and overseas) and Teaching Assistants / Instructors. Besides didactic lectures, Practical Hands-on / Field Visits constitute an important part of our training programme. The candidates have an added advantage of getting exposed to Health IT environment at the Hospital such as Hospital Information System infrastructure and process, all tele-health and tele-educational infrastructure and process while they are here. All teaching and training programmes offered are to be charged. While fees structure for Summer Training and Short Term training follow the regular fee charged for similar courses in other disciplines in the Institute, fees structure for regular courses to be offered from next year are getting worked out. Lodging and Boarding facility is available in the campus on Payment and has to be reserved in advance. Details about the SGPGIMS, Lucknow can be found at www.sgpgi.ac.in and infrastructure and activities at the School of Telemedicine & Biomedical Informatics at www.sgpgi-telemedicine.org Further queries on Training Programme offered at the School of Telemedicine & BMI and any information on SGPGI Telemedicine & Biomedical Informatics Programme can be addressed to - telemedicine@sgpgi.ac.in / sgpgitelemedicine@yahoo.com SOURCE http://www.telemedindia.org/
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    896 2010-01-04 12:35:34 2010-01-04 12:35:34 open open summer-training-of-telemedicine-at-lucknow-biomedical-training publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262608540 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262608535 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262610805";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262610807";}";";
    Nanotechnology Applications to Telecommunications and Networking-Biomedical books http://biomedikal.in/nanotechnology-applications-to-telecommunications-and-networking/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 13:01:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=899 Book Description: Be a part of the nanotechnology revolution in telecommunications This book provides a unique and thought-provoking perspective on how nanotechnology is poised to revolutionize the telecommunications, computing, and networking industries. The author discusses emerging technologies as well as technologies under development that will lay the foundation for such innovations as: * Nanomaterials with novel optical, electrical, and magnetic properties * Faster and smaller non-silicon-based chipsets, memory, and processors * New-science computers based on Quantum Computing * Advanced microscopy and manufacturing systems * Faster and smaller telecom switches, including optical switches * Higher-speed transmission phenomena based on plasmonics and other quantum-level phenomena * Nanoscale MEMS: micro-electro-mechanical systems The author of this cutting-edge publication has played a role in the development of actual nanotechnology-based communication systems. In this book, he examines a broad range of the science of nanotechnology and how this field will affect every facet of the telecommunications and computing industries, in both the near and far term, including: * Basic concepts of nanotechnology and its applications * Essential physics and chemistry underlying nanotechnology science * Nanotubes, nanomaterials, and nanomaterial processing * Promising applications in nanophotonics, including nanocrystals and nanocrystal fibers * Nanoelectronics, including metal nanoclusters, semiconducting nanoclusters, nanocrystals, nanowires, and quantum dots This book is written for telecommunications professionals, researchers, and students who need to discover and exploit emerging revenue-generating opportunities to develop the next generation of nanoscale telecommunications and network systems. Non-scientists will find the treatment completely accessible. A detailed glossary clarifies unfamiliar terms and concepts. Appendices are provided for readers who want to delve further into the hard-core science, including nanoinstrumentation and quantum computing. Nanotechnology is the next industrial revolution, and the telecommunications industry will be radically transformed by it in a few years. This is the publication that readers need to understand how that transformation will happen, the science behind it, and how they can be a part of it. VIEW COMPLETE  BOOK & DOWNLOAD  FROM HERE Minoli D. Nanotechnology Applications to Telecommunications and Networking (Wiley, 2005)(ISBN 0471716391)(5...
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    899 2010-01-04 13:01:22 2010-01-04 13:01:22 open open nanotechnology-applications-to-telecommunications-and-networking publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262616771 _edit_last 11062180 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262610791";}";"; email_notification 1262610086 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262610793";}";"; 30 http://www.nanobroadcast.com/?p=5081 74.52.119.2 2010-01-04 14:27:31 2010-01-04 14:27:31 trash pingback 0 0
    Biomedical Signal Analysis: A Case-Study Approach By Rangaraj M. Rangayyan http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-signal-analysis-a-case-study-approach-by-rangaraj-m-rangayyan/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 15:05:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=905 Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, "Biomedical Signal Analysis: A Case-Study Approach" Wiley-IEEE Press | 2001 | ISBN: 0471208116 | 552 pages | PDF | 27 MB An authoritative assessment of the problems and applications of biomedical signals, rooted in practical case studies The development of techniques to analyze biomedical signals, such as electro-cardiograms, has dramatically affected countless lives by making possible improved noninvasive diagnosis, online monitoring of critically ill patients, and rehabilitation and sensory aids for the handicapped. Rangaraj Rangayyan supplies a practical, hands-on field guide to this constantly evolving technology inBiomedical Signal Analysis, focusing on the diagnostic challenges that medical professionals continue to face. Dr. Rangayyan applies a problem-solving approach to his study. Each chapter begins with the statement of a different biomedical signal problem, followed by a selection of real-life case studies and the associated signals. Signal processing, modeling, or analysis techniques are then presented, starting with relatively simple "textbook" methods, followed by more sophisticated research approaches. The chapter concludes with one or more application solutions; illustrations of real-lifebiomedical signals and their derivatives are included throughout. Among the topics addressed are: * Concurrent, coupled, and correlated processes * Filtering for removal of artifacts * Event detection and characterization * Frequency-domain characterization * Modeling biomedical systems * Analysis of nonstationary signals * Pattern classification and diagnostic decision The chapters also present a number of laboratory exercises, study questions, and problems to facilitate preparation for class examinations and practical applications.Biomedical Signal Analysis provides a definitive resource for upper-level under-graduate and graduate engineering students, as well as for practicing engineers, computer scientists, information technologists, medical physicists, and data processing specialists. DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE
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    905 2010-01-04 15:05:08 2010-01-04 15:05:08 open open biomedical-signal-analysis-a-case-study-approach-by-rangaraj-m-rangayyan publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262617525 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262617513 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Image Processing, Principles and Applications By Tinku Acharya, Ajoy K. Ray-Biomedical books http://biomedikal.in/image-processing-principles-and-applications-by-tinku-acharya-ajoy-k-ray-biomedical-books/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 15:43:46 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=908 BOOK DESCRIPTION Image processing-from basics to advanced applications Learn how to master image processing and compression with this outstanding state-of-the-art reference. From fundamentals to sophisticated applications, Image Processing: Principles and Applications covers multiple topics and provides a fresh perspective on future directions and innovations in the field, including: * Image transformation techniques, including wavelet transformation and developments * Image enhancement and restoration, including noise modeling and filtering * Segmentation schemes, and classification and recognition of objects * Texture and shape analysis techniques * Fuzzy set theoretical approaches in image processing, neural networks, etc. * Content-based image retrieval and image mining * Biomedical image analysis and interpretation, including biometric algorithms such as face recognition and signature verification * Remotely sensed images and their applications * Principles and applications of dynamic scene analysis and moving object detection and tracking * Fundamentals of image compression, including the JPEG standard and the new JPEG2000 standard Additional features include problems and solutions with each chapter to help you apply the theory and techniques, as well as bibliographies for researching specialized topics. With its extensive use of examples and illustrative figures, this is a superior title for students and practitioners in computer science, wireless and multimedia communications, and engineering. DOWNLOAD BOOK HERE Download File Now TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction. 1.1 Fundamentals of Image Processing. 1.2 Applications of Image Processing. 1.2.1 Automatic visual inspection system. 1.2.2 Remotely sensed scene interpretation. 1.2.3 Biomedical Imaging Techniques. 1.2.4 Defence surveillance. 1.2.5 Moving Object tracking. 1.3 Human Visual Perception. 1.3.1 Eyes detect motion. 1.3.2 Structure of Eyes. 1.3.3 Nervous Aspects of the Visual Sense. 1.3.4 Intuitionistic Philosophy. 1.3.5 Gray and Color Perception. 1.4 Components of an Image Processing System. 1.4.1 Digital Camera. 1.4.2 Capturing Colors. 1.5 Organization of this book. 1.6 How is this book different ? 16. 1.7 Summary 17. References 17. 2. Image Formation and Representation. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Image formation. 2.2.1 Illumination. 2.2.2 Reflectance Models. 2.3 Sampling and Quantization. 2.3.1 Image Quantization. 2.4 Binary Image. 2.4.1 Geometric properties. 2.5 Connected component labeling. 2.5.1 Three Dimensional imaging. 2.5.2 Stereo images. 2.5.3 Point Spread Function. 2.6 Image fled formats. 2.7 Some Important Notes. 2.8 Types of Image Processing Operations. 2.9 Summary. References. 3. Color and Color Imagery. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Perception of Colors and Spectral sensitivity of human eyes. 3.3 Color Space Quantization and the Just Noticeable Difference. (JND). 3.3.1 Need for color spaces. 3.4 Color Space and Transformation. 3.4.1 CMYK space. 3.4.2 NTSC or YIQ color space. 3.4.3 Y CbCr color space. 3.4.4 Perceptually uniform color space. 3.4.5 Need for perceptually uniform color space. 3.4.6 CIELAB color Space. 3.5 Color Interpolation or Demosaicing. 3.5.1 Non-adaptive color interpolation algorithms. 3.5.2 Adaptive algorithms. 3.5.3 A Fuzzy Assignment Based Adaptive Algorithm. 3.5.4 Experimental Results. 3.6 Summary. References. 4. Image Transformation. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Fourier Transforms. 4.2.1 One-Dimensional Fourier Transform. 4.2.2 Two-Dimensional Fourier Transform. 4.2.3 Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT). 4.2.4 Transformation Kernels. 4.2.5 Matrix Form Representation. 4.2.6 Properties. 4.2.7 Fast Fourier Transforms. 4.3 Discrete Cosine Transform. 4.4 Walsh Hadamard Transform (WHT). 4.5 Karhaunen-Loeve Transform or Principal Component Analysis. 4.5.1 Covariance Matrix. 4.5.2 Eigen vector and Eigen values. 4.5.3 Principal Component Analysis. 4.5.4 Singular Value Decomposition. 4.6 Summary. References. 5. Discrete Wavelet Transform. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Wavelet Transforms. 5.2.1 Discrete Wavelet Transforms. 5.2.2 Concept of Multiresolution Analysis. 5.2.3 Implementation by Filters and the Pyramid Algorithm. 5.3 Extension to Two-Dimensional Signals. 5.4 Lifting Implementation of the DWT. 5.4.1 Finite Impulse Response Filter and Z-transform. 5.4.2 Euclidean Algorithm for Laurent Polynomials. 5.4.3 Perfect Reconstruction and Polyphase Representation of Filters. 5.4.4 Lifting. 5.4.5 Data Dependency Diagram for Lifting Computation. 5.5 Why Do We Care About Lifting? 5.6 Applications Areas in Image Processing. 5.7 Summary. References. 6. Image Enhancement and Restoration. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Distinction between image enhancement and restoration. 6.3 Spatial Image Enhancement Techniques. 6.3.1 Unsharp Masking and Crisping. 6.3.2 Spatial Low Pass and High Pass Filtering. 6.3.3 Image Contrast Enhancement. 6.3.4 Local Area Histogram Equalization. 6.3.5 Histogram Hyperbolization. 6.3.6 Arithmatic/Logic operation for Enhancement. 6.4 Noise Filtering. 6.5 Image Enhancement - Frequency Domain approach. 6.5.1 Averaging and Spatial Low Pass Filtering. 6.5.2 Directional Smoothing. 6.5.3 Median Filtering. 6.5.4 Homomorphic Filter. 6.6 Noise Modeling. 6.6.1 Types of Noise in an Image and Their Characteristics. 6.7 Image Restoration. 6.7.1 Image Restoration of impulse noise embedded images. 6.7.2 Restoration of blurred image. 6.7.3 Inverse Filtering. 6.7.4 Wiener Filter. 6.7.5 Singular Value Decomposition. 6.8 Summary. References. 7. Image Segmentation. 7.1 Preliminaries. 7.2 Edge, Line, and Point Detection. 7.3 Edge Detector. 7.3.1 Robert Operator Based Edge Detector. 7.3.2 Sobel Operator Based Edge Detector. 7.3.3 Prewitt Operator Based Edge Detector. 7.3.4 Kirsch operator. 7.3.5 Canny's Edge Detector. 7.3.6 Operators Based on Second Derivative. 7.4 Image Thresholding Techniques. 7.4.1 Problems encountered and possible solutions. 7.4.2 Entropy Based Thresholding. 7.4.3 Region Growing. 7.4.4 Clustering of Multiband images. 7.5 Color Image Segmentation. 7.6 Waterfall algorithm for segmentation. 7.7 Document Image segmentation. 7.7.1 Match-based segmentation. 7.8 Summary. References. 8. Recognition of Image Patterns. 8.1 Introduction. 8.1.1 Decision Theoretic Pattern Classification. 8.2 Bayesian Decision Theory. 8.2.1 Parameter estimation. 8.2.2 Minimum Distance Classification. 8.3 Non-parametric Classification. 8.3.1 K-Nearest-Neighbor Classification. 8.4 Unsupervised Classification Strategies - clustering. 8.4.1 Single Linkage Clustering. 8.4.2 Complete Linkage clustering. 8.4.3 Average Linkage Clustering. 8.5 K-means Clustering Algorithm. 8.5.1 Syntactic Pattern Classification. 8.6 Primitive selection Strategies. 8.7 High Dimensional Pattern Grammars. 8.8 Formal Linguistic model. 8.9 Automata Theory. 8.9.1 Grammatical Inference. 8.10 Structural recognition of imprecise Patterns. 8.11 Symbolic Projection Method. 8.12 Classification using Neural Networks. 8.12.1 Error Backpropagation. 8.13 Crisp Neural Networks For Scene Classification. 8.14 Architecture of Back propagation network. 8.14.1 Kohonen's Self-Organizing Feature Map. 8.14.2 Counter propagation Neural Network. 8.15 Research Direction. 8.16 Summary. References. 9. Texture and Shape Analysis. 9.1 Introduction. 9.1.1 Classification of textures. 9.1.2 Discriminatory Power of Co-occurrence matrix. 9.2 Drawbacks of Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM). 9.2.1 Tone and Texture. 9.2.2 Weak and Strong Textures. 9.2.3 Primitives. 9.3 Spatial Relationship. 9.4 Weak Texture Measures. 9.5 Strong Texture Measures and Generalized Co-occurrence. 9.6 Texture Spectrum. 9.7 Texture Classification using Fractals. 9.7.1 Fractal lines and shapes. 9.8 Fractals in Texture Classification. 9.8.1 Computing fractal Dimension using Covering Blanket method. 9.9 Structural Methods. 9.10 Shape Analysis. 9.10.1 Polygon as shape Descriptor. 9.11 Dominant points in Shape Description. 9.11.1 Freeman Chain Code. 9.11.2 Curvature and its role in shape determination. 9.12 Polygonal Approximation for Shape Analysis. 9.13 Automatic recognition of Guns. 9.13.1 The Polygonal Approximation. 9.14 Active Contour modeling. 9.15 Gestalt Theory of Perception. 9.16 Summary. References. 10. Fuzzy Set Theory in Image Processing. 10.1 Introduction to Fuzzy Set Theory. 10.2 Why Fuzzy Image? 10.3 Introduction to Fuzzy Set Theory. 10.4 Preliminaries and Background. 10.4.1 Fuzzication. 10.4.2 Basic Terms and Operations. 10.5 Image as a Fuzzy Set. 10.5.1 Selection of the Membership Function. 10.6 Fuzzy Methods of Contrast Enhancement. 10.6.1 Contrast Enhancement Using Fuzzifier[7, 8]. 10.6.2 Asymmetry S function [3]. 10.7 Determination of the Fuzzication Parameters. 10.8 Results. 10.9 Fuzzy Spatial Filter for Noise Removal. 10.10 Smoothing Algorithm. 10.11 Fuzzy Histogram Modeling. 10.11.1Fuzzy histogram Specification Based on Local. Information. 10.11.2Fuzzy Histogram Modeling Predicting Missing or. Imprecise Grey Levels. 10.12 Image Segmentation using Fuzzy Methods. 10.12.1 Image Segmentation by Fuzzy Methods. 10.13 Fuzzy C Means Algorithm. 10.14 Fuzzy Approaches to Pattern Recognition. 10.15 Fusion of fuzzy logic with neural networks. 10.15.1Fuzzy MLP with back propagation learning. 10.16 Summary. References. 11. Image Mining and Content Based Image Retreival. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Representation of images in a CBIR System. 11.2.1 Color Histogram based representation. 11.2.2 Partition based representation. 11.2.3 Regional Approach for image representation. 11.3 Model of a image retrieval system. 11.4 Image Mining. 11.4.1 Color features. 11.4.2 Texture features. 11.4.3 Shape features. 11.4.4 Topology. 11.4.5 Multidimensional indexing. 11.4.6 Results of a simple CBIR system. 11.5 Video Mining. 11.5.1 MPEG-7: Multimedia content description interface. 11.5.2 Content-based video retrieval system. 11.6 Summary. References. 12. Biometric And Biomedical Image Processing. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Face Recognition. 12.2.1 Feature selection. 12.2.2 Extraction of front facial features. 12.2.3 Extraction of side facial features. 12.2.4 Extraction of features. 12.2.5 Face Identification. 12.3 Face Recognition Using Eigenfaces. 12.4 Signature Verification. 12.5 Preprocessing of Signature Patterns. 12.5.1 Feature Extraction. 12.6 Biomedical Image Analysis. 12.6.1 Macroscopic Image Analysis. 12.7 X - ray Image Analysis. 12.7.1 Bone disease Identification. 12.8 Uses of X-ray images. 12.9 Biomedical Imaging Techniques. 12.9.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). 12.9.2 Computed Axial Tomography. 12.9.3 x-ray images for lung disease identification. 12.9.4 x-ray images for Heart disease identification. 12.9.5 x-ray images for Congenital Heart Disease. 12.9.6 Enhancement of chest radiographs using gradient operators. 12.9.7 Adaptive Image Enhancement for Enhancement for chest X-ray images. 12.9.8 A Fuzzy based image enhancement technique for chest radiographs. 12.10 Dental x-ray image analysis. 12.10.1 classification of dental caries. 12.11 Mammogram Image Analysis. 12.11.1 Enhancement of Mammograms. 12.11.2 Smoothing algorithm. 12.11.3 Suspicious Area Detection. 12.11.4 Feature Selection and Extraction. 12.11.5 Important Features of the System. 12.11.6 Wavelet analysis of medical mammogram image. 12.12 Research direction. 12.13 Summary. References. 13. Remotely Sensed Multispectral Scene Analysis. 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Satellite sensors and imageries. 13.3 Features of Multispectral Images. 13.3.1 Data Formats For Digital Satellite Imagery. 13.3.2 Distortions and Corrections. 13.4 Spectral reflectance of various earth objects. 13.4.1 Water regions. 13.4.2 Vegetation Regions. 13.4.3 Soil. 13.4.4 Man-made/Artificial Objects. 13.5 Scene Classification Strategies. 13.5.1 Neural Network based Classifier using Error Back Propagation. 13.5.2 Counter propagation network. 13.5.3 Experiments and Results. 13.6 Spectral classification - A knowledge Based Approach. 13.6.1 Spectral information of natural/man-made objects. 13.6.2 Training site selection and feature extraction. 13.6.3 System Implementation. 13.6.4 Feature representation. 13.6.5 Rule Based Development. 13.7 Spatial Reasoning. 13.7.1 Evidence Accumulation. 13.7.2 Spatial rule Generation. 13.8 Fuzzy Set Theoretic Approaches in Remote Sensing. 13.9 Summary. References. 14. Dynamic Scene Analysis: Moving Object Detection and Tracking. 14.1 Introduction. 14.2 Problem Definition. 14.3 Adaptive Background Modelling. 14.3.1 Basic Background modelling strategy. 14.3.2 A Robust Method of Background Modelling. 14.3.3 Background Model Estimation. 14.4 Connected Component Labeling. 14.5 Shadow Detection. 14.6 Principles of object Tracking. 14.7 Model of Tracker System. 14.8 Condensation Algorithm. 14.9 Particle Filter Based object Tracking. 14.9.1 Particle Attributes. 14.9.2 Particle Filter Algorithm. 14.9.3 Results of Object Tracking. 14.10 Summary. References. 15. Introduction to Image Compression. 15.1 Introduction. 15.2 Information Theory Concepts. 15.2.1 Discrete Memoryless Model and Entropy. 15.2.2 Noiseless Source Coding Theorem. 15.2.3 Unique Decipherability. 15.3 Classification of Compression algorithms. 15.4 Source Coding Algorithms. 15.4.1 Run-length Coding. 15.5 Huffman Coding. 15.6 Arithmetic Coding. 15.6.1 Encoding Algorithm. 15.6.2 Decoding Algorithm. 15.6.3 The QM-Coder. 15.7 Summary. References. 16. JPEG: Still Image Compression Standard. 16.1 Introduction. 16.2 The JPEG Lossless Coding Algorithm. 16.3 Baseline JPEG Compression. 16.3.1 Color Space Conversion. 16.3.2 Source Image Data Arrangement. 16.3.3 The Baseline Compression Algorithm. 16.3.4 Coding the DCT Coefficients. 16.4 Summary. References. 17. JPEG2000 Standard. 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Why JPEG2000? 17.3 Parts of the JPEG2000 Standard. 17.4 Overview of the JPEG2000 Part 1 Encoding System. 17.5 Image Preprocessing. 17.5.1 Tiling. 17.5.2 DC Level Shifting. 17.5.3 Multi-component Transformations. 17.6 Compression. 17.6.1 Discrete Wavelet Transformation. 17.6.2 Quantization. 17.6.3 Region of Interest Coding. 17.6.4 Rate Control. 17.6.5 Entropy Encoding. 17.7 Tier-2 Coding and Bitstream Formation. 17.8 Summary. References. 18. Coding Algorithms in JPEG2000. 18.1 Introduction. 18.2 Partitioning Data for Coding. 18.3 Tier-1 Coding in JPEG2000. 18.3.1 Fractional Bit-Plane Coding. 18.3.2 Examples of BPC Encoder. 18.3.3 Binary Arithmetic Coding--MQ-Coder. 18.4 Tier-2 Coding in JPEG2000. 18.4.1 Bitstream Formation. 18.4.2 Packet Header Information Coding. 18.5 Summary. References. Index. About the Authors.
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    908 2010-01-04 15:43:46 2010-01-04 15:43:46 open open image-processing-principles-and-applications-by-tinku-acharya-ajoy-k-ray-biomedical-books publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262619834 email_notification 1262619827 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"1";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715738";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715745";}";";
    Speech, Audio, Image and Biomedical Signal Processing using Neural Networks (Studies in Computational Intelligence) By Bhanu Prasad, S.R.M. Prasanna http://biomedikal.in/speech-audio-image-and-biomedical-signal-processing-using-neural-networks-studies-in-computational-intelligence-by-bhanu-prasad-s-r-m-prasanna/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 15:55:32 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=911 Book overview
    Humans are remarkable in processing speech, audio, image and some biomedical signals. Artificial neural networks are proved to be successful in performing several cognitive, industrial and scientific tasks. This peer reviewed book presents some recent advances and surveys on the applications of artificial neural networks in the areas of speech, audio, image and biomedical signal processing. It consists of 18 chapters prepared by some reputed researchers and practitioners around the globe.
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    911 2010-01-04 15:55:32 2010-01-04 15:55:32 open open speech-audio-image-and-biomedical-signal-processing-using-neural-networks-studies-in-computational-intelligence-by-bhanu-prasad-s-r-m-prasanna publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262620558 email_notification 1262620545 geo_accuracy 0 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715877";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715884";}";";
    Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing: An Analog Wavelet Filter Approach for Pacemakers By Sandro A. P. Haddad, Wouter A. Serdijn http://biomedikal.in/ultra-low-power-biomedical-signal-processing-an-analog-wavelet-filter-approach-for-pacemakers-by-sandro-a-p-haddad-wouter-a-serdijn/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 16:04:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=915

    Book overview

    Often WT systems employ the discrete wavelet transform, implemented on a digital signal processor. However, in ultra low-power applications such as biomedical implantable devices, it is not suitable to implement the WT by means of digital circuitry due to the relatively high power consumption associated with the required A/D converter. Low-power analog realization of the wavelet transform enables its application in vivo, e.g. in pacemakers, where the wavelet transform provides a means to extremely reliable cardiac signal detection.In Ultra Low-Power Biomedical Signal Processing we present a novel method for implementing signal processing based on WT in an analog way. The methodology presented focuses on the development of ultra low-power analog integrated circuits that implement the required signal processing, taking into account the limitations imposed by an implantable device.
    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE
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    915 2010-01-04 16:04:28 2010-01-04 16:04:28 open open ultra-low-power-biomedical-signal-processing-an-analog-wavelet-filter-approach-for-pacemakers-by-sandro-a-p-haddad-wouter-a-serdijn publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262621099 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262621082 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ELECTRONIC PRINCIPLES By ALBERT MALVINO http://biomedikal.in/electronic-principles-by-albert-malvino/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 16:20:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=920 Book overview The new edition of Electronic Principles provides the clearest, most complete coverage for use in courses such as Electronic Devices, Linear Electronics, and Electronic Circuits. It's been updated to keep coverage in step with the fast-changing world of electronics. Yet, it retains Malvino's clear writing style, supported throughout by abundant illustrations and examples. DOWNLOAD BOOK FROM LINKS BELOW PART 1 PART 2 PART 3
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    920 2010-01-04 16:20:59 2010-01-04 16:20:59 open open electronic-principles-by-albert-malvino publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262622130 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262622064 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715932";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262715939";}";";
    Introductory biostatistics By Chap T. Le http://biomedikal.in/introductory-biostatistics-by-chap-t-le/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 16:27:25 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=924 Book overview
    • Provides many real-data sets in various fields in the form of examples at at the end of all twelve chapters in the form of exercises.
    • Covers all of the nuts and bolts of biostatistics in a user-friendly style that motivates readers.
    • Contains notes on computations at the end of most chapters, covering the use of Excel, SAS, and others.
    DOWNLOAD BOOK FROM HERE
    Uploading.com Uploadbox.com DepositFiles.com
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    924 2010-01-04 16:27:25 2010-01-04 16:27:25 open open introductory-biostatistics-by-chap-t-le publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262622586 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262622450 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Encyclopedia of Biostatistics complete set (8 volumes) http://biomedikal.in/927/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 16:43:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=927
    ABOUT BOOK
    The first edition of the Encyclopedia of Biostatistics proved an outstanding achievement in scientific publishing. A truly international work, its coverage ranges through statistical issues pertinent to life scientists, healthcare professionals and practising statisticians. Wiley is now pleased to announce the Second Edition of this landmark reference work publishing in February 2005. Drawing on the expertise of the original editorial team the new edition will be revised and expanded to provide, in particular, up-to-date material on bio-informatics and statistical genetics. This major publication is easily accessible for all those involved in statistical activities in medicine and health sciences, from health professionals who are not highly trained in statistics, through to fully qualified and experienced statisticians.
    DOWNLOAD LINKS ARE BELOW DOWNLOAD mirror
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    927 2010-01-04 16:43:22 2010-01-04 16:43:22 open open 927 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262623692 email_notification 1262623402 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOSTATISTICS-THE BARE ESSENTIALS-BIOMEDICAL BOOKS http://biomedikal.in/935/ Mon, 04 Jan 2010 17:10:35 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=935 About the book This new edition of the book will be produced in two versions. The textbook will include a CD-Rom with two videotaped lectures by the authors. This book translates biostatistics in the health sciences literature with clarity and irreverence. Students and practitioners alike, applaud Biostatistics as the practical guide that exposes them to every statistical test they may encounter, with careful conceptual explanations and a minimum of algebra. What?s New? The new Bare Essentials reflects recent advances in statistics, as well as time-honored methods. For example, ?hierarchical linear modeling? which first appeared in psychology journals and only now is described in medical literature. Also new, is a chapter on testing for equivalence and non-inferiority. As well as a chapter with information to get started with the computer statistics program, SPSS. Free of calculations and jargon, Bare Essentials speaks so plainly that you won?t need a technical dictionary. No math, all concepts. The objective is to enable you to determine if the research results are applicable to your own patients. Throughout the guide, you?ll find highlights of areas in which researchers misuse or misinterpret statistical tests. We have labeled these ?C.R.A.P. Detectors? (Convoluted Reasoning and Anti-intellectual Pomposity), which help you to identify faulty methodology and misuse of statistics. DOWNLOAD LINKS ARE BELOW
    depositfiles.com
    MEGAUPLOAD
    uploading.com
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    935 2010-01-04 17:10:35 2010-01-04 17:10:35 open open 935 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262628308 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262625048 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1
    IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION IN COMPUTED TOMOGRPHY(CT) http://biomedikal.in/939/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 03:01:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/05/939/
    [gigya width="425" height="355" src="http://static.slidesharecdn.com/swf/ssplayer2.swf?doc=ct-124292972908-phpapp02&stripped_title=ct-1470963" quality="high" wmode="tranparent" ]
    This slideshow provides extensive and interactive information about the computed tomography image reconstruction
    Most people have trouble understanding it
    But this is easy reference for better understanding
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    939 2010-01-05 03:01:31 2010-01-05 03:01:31 open open 939 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1262660496 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263236399 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1
    DISCLAIMER http://biomedikal.in/disclaimer/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 05:50:06 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?page_id=949 hosted weblog has had to rely exclusively on the blanket disclaimer provided for the corporate body of word*press addresses. While this kind of disclaimer is usually sufficient to protect a blogger from liability, it falls short when dealing with inherently offensive content, websites with a mind of their own and authors who are excessively paranoid about being dragged into court. With the above firmly borne in mind, we propose the following weblog disclaimer: Http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com (hereafter “this website”) will abide by, adhere to, accept responsibility for, endure under and act with respect toward the following weblog disclaimer: By accessing this website, a web browser (hereafter user) is consents that s/he is familiar with, understands and absolutely accepts the following weblog disclaimer: The views expressed by the authors on this website do not necessarily reflect the views of this website, those who link to this website, the author's mother, father, sister, brother, uncle, aunt, grandparents, cousins, step relations, any other blood relative and the author himself, this website’s web host, template designer, or any other organization, service, motto, logo, insignia or avatar in any way connected with this website. Comments on this website are the sole responsibility of their writers and the writer will take full responsibility, liability, and blame for any libel or litigation that results from something written in or as a direct result of something written in a comment. The accuracy, completeness, veracity, honesty, exactitude, factuality and politeness of comments are not guaranteed. All trademarks, service marks, collective marks, design rights, personality rights, copyrights, registered names, mottos, logos, avatars, insignias and marks used or cited by this website are the property of their respective owners and this website in no way accepts any responsibility for an infringement on one of the above. 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Eating before reading may result in unhealthy indigestion. Not recommended for people over the age of 120. This site does not infringe any Copyrights. It only lists through Freedom of Information Act, what is listed on Search Engines. All files are found using legitimate search engine techniques. This site does not and will not condone hacking into sites to create the links it list. We will and do assume that all links found on the search engines we use are obtained in a legal manner and the webmasters are aware of the links listed on the search engines. If you find a URL that belongs to you, and you did not realize that it was "open to the public", please email me to notify the webmaster of your request to remove it. Proof of URL ownership is required.
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    949 2010-01-05 11:20:06 2010-01-05 05:50:06 open open disclaimer publish 0 6 page 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263330924 _wp_page_template default
    Textbook of Medical Physiology - 11th Edition By Arthur C. Guyton, MD and John E. Hall (Prism Book (p) Ltd) http://biomedikal.in/textbook-of-medical-physiology-11th-edition-by-arthur-c-guyton-md-and-john-e-hall-prism-book-p-ltd/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 11:13:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=946 Description

    Physiology's classic text continues to uphold its rich tradition—presenting key physiology concepts in a remarkably clear and engaging manner. Guyton & Hall's Textbook of Medical Physiology covers all of the major systems in the human body, while emphasizing system interaction, homeostasis, and pathophysiology. This very readable, easy-to-follow, and thoroughly updated, 11th Edition features a new full-color layout, short chapters, clinical vignettes, and shaded summary tables that allow for easy comprehension of the material. The smart way to study! Elsevier titles with STUDENT CONSULT will help you master difficult concepts and study more efficiently in print and online! Perform rapid searches. Integrate bonus content from other disciplines. Download text to your handheld device. And a lot more. Each STUDENT CONSULT title comes with full text online, a unique image library, case studies, USMLE style questions, and online note-taking to enhance your learning experience.

    Key Features

    • Presents short, easy-to-read chapters in keeping with the Guyton and Hall tradition.
    • Provides shaded summary tables for easy reference.
    • Includes clinical vignettes, which allow readers to see core concepts applied to real-life situations.
    • Offers specific discussions of pathophysiology in most clinical areas of medicine.
    • Ensures a strong grasp of physiology concepts through well-illustrated discussions of the most essential principles.

    New to this Edition

    • Now in full color!
    • Offers access to the full text and other valuable features online via the STUDENT CONSULT website.
    • Uses full-color illustrations throughout, including 486 figures, 277 charts and graphs, 100 brand-new line drawings, and 36 ECGs.
    • Features a new full-color design that makes information more engaging and even easier to read.
    • Updated throughout to reflect the latest knowledge in the field.
    DOWNLOAD LINKS CHM VersioN Download Rapidshare PDF Version Download Rapidshare
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    946 2010-01-05 11:13:21 2010-01-05 11:13:21 open open textbook-of-medical-physiology-11th-edition-by-arthur-c-guyton-md-and-john-e-hall-prism-book-p-ltd publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262690757 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262690015 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-signal-and-systems/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 11:37:14 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=952
  • LECTURE 1 Introduction (PDF.)
  • LECTURE 2 CT and DT Systems (PDF)
  • LECTURE 3 DT Convolution (PDF)
  • LECTURE 4 CT Convolution, Impulses (PDF)
  • LECTURE 5 CT Fourier Series (PDF)
  • LECTURE 6 CT and DT Fourier Series (PDF)
  • LECTURE 7 Frequency Response, Filtering ( PDF)
  • LECTURE 8 CT Fourier Transform (PDF)
  • LECTURE 9 CT and DT Fourier Transform (PDF)
  • LECTURE 10 DT Fourier Transform (PDF)
  • LECTURE 11 Finish FT, Mag./Phase. of Freq. Responses (PDF)
  • LECTURE 12 Effects of Phase, 1st and 2nd order DT Systems (PDF)
  • LECTURE 13 Sample, Aliasing (PDF)
  • LECTURE 14 DT Processing of CT Signals ( PDF)
  • LECTURE 15 Sinusoidal Modulation (PDF)
  • LECTURE 16 Topics in Modulation (PDF)
  • LECTURE 17 Laplace Transforms (PDF)
  • LECTURE 18 Laplace Transforms (cont.) (PDF)
  • LECTURE 19 Use of Laplace Transforms (PDF)
  • LECTURE 20 Feedback (PDF)
  • LECTURE 21 Feedback z-Transforms (PDF)
  • LECTURE 22 z-Transforms (PDF)
  • LECTURE 23 z-Transforms (cont.) (PDF)
  • THANKS TO MIT OPEN COURSE WARE
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    952 2010-01-05 11:37:14 2010-01-05 11:37:14 open open lecture-notes-on-signal-and-systems publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262693175 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262691437 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Schaum's outline of theory and problems of signals and systems By Hwei Piao Hsu http://biomedikal.in/schaums-outline-of-theory-and-problems-of-signals-and-systems-by-hwei-piao-hsu/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 11:42:29 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=955 Book overview
    Confusing Textbooks? Missed Lectures? Tough Test Questions? Fortunately for you, there's Schaum's Outlines. More than 40 million students have trusted Schaum's to help them succeed in the classroom and on exams. Schaum's is the key to faster learning and higher grades in every subject. Each Outline presents all the essential course information in an easy-to-follow, topic-by-topic format. You also get hundreds of examples, solved problems, and practice exercises to test your skills. This Schaum's Outline gives you Practice problems with full explanations that reinforce knowledge Coverage of the most up-to-date developments in your course field In-depth review of practices and applications Fully compatible with your classroom text, Schaum's highlights all the important facts you need to know. Use Schaum's to shorten your study time-and get your best test scores! Schaum's Outlines-Problem Solved.
    DOWNLOAD THIS BOOK FROM HERE
    RAPIDSHARE
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    955 2010-01-05 11:42:29 2010-01-05 11:42:29 open open schaums-outline-of-theory-and-problems-of-signals-and-systems-by-hwei-piao-hsu publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262691885 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262691749 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Signals and Systems with MATLAB Computing and Simulink Modeling http://biomedikal.in/signals-and-systems-with-matlab-computing-and-simulink-modeling/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 11:50:53 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=960 Book overview
    This text contains a comprehensive discussion on continuous and discrete time signals and systems with many MATLAB and several Simulink examples. It is written for junior and senior electrical and computer engineering students, and for self-study by working professionals.
    The prerequisites are a basic course in differential and integral calculus, and basic electric circuit theory.This book can be used in a two-quarter, or one semester course.
    This author has taught the subject material for many years and was able to cover all material in 16 weeks, with 2 lecture hours per week.To get the most out of this text, it is highly recommended that Appendix A is thoroughly reviewed. This appendix serves as an introduction to MATLAB, and is intended for those who are not familiar with it.
    The Student Edition of MATLAB is an inexpensive, and yet a very powerful software package; it can be found in many college bookstores, or can be obtained directly from The MathWorks Inc., 3 Apple Hill Drive, Natick, MA 01760-2098 Phone: 508 647-7000, Fax: 508 647-7001 http://www.mathworks.com e-mail: info@mathworks.com
    The elementary signals are reviewed in Chapter 1, and several examples are given. The purpose of this chapter is to enable the reader to express any waveform in terms of the unit step function, and subsequently the derivation of the Laplace transform of it.
    Chapters 2 through 4 are devoted to Laplace transformation and circuit analysis using this transform.
    Chapter 5 is an introduction to state-space and contains many illustrative examples.
    Chapter 6 discusses the impulse response.
    Chapters 7 and 8 are devoted to Fourier series and transform respectively.
    Chapter 9 introduces discrete-time signals and the Z transform. Considerable time was spent on Chapter 10 to present the Discrete Fourier transform and FFT with the simplest possible explanations.
    Chapter 11 contains a thorough discussion to analog and digital filters analysis and design procedures.
    Appendix A is an introduction to MATLAB.
    Appendix B is an introduction to Simulink,
    Appendix C contains a review of complex numbers, and
    Appendix D is an introduction to matrix theory.
    New to the Second Edition
    This is an extensive revision of the first edition. The most notable change is the inclusion of the solutions to all exercises at the end of each chapter. It is in response to many readers who expressed a desire to obtain the solutions in order to check their solutions to those of the author and thereby enhancing their knowledge. Another reason is that this text is written also for self-study by practicing engineers who need a review before taking more advanced courses such as digital image processing.Another major change is the addition of a rather comprehensive summary at the end of each chapter. Hopefully, this will be a valuable aid to instructors for preparation of view foils for presenting the material to their class.New to the Third Edition The most notable change is the inclusion of Simulink modeling examples. The pages where they appear can be found in the Table of Contents section of this text. Another change is the improvement of the plots generated by the latest revisions of the MATLAB Student Version, Release 14.
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
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    960 2010-01-05 11:50:53 2010-01-05 11:50:53 open open signals-and-systems-with-matlab-computing-and-simulink-modeling publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262692526 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262692267 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    IIIT HYDERABAD POST GRADUATE ENTRANCE EXAM 2010 http://biomedikal.in/iiit-hyderabad-post-graduate-entrance-exam-2010/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 12:01:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=963 About Post-Graduate Entrance Examination (PGEE 2010): An all-India examination to test the preparedness of the applicants will be held on 18th April, 2010 (10 AM to 1.PM). The examination will be held at Hyderabad and a number of major cities (Bangalore, Calcutta, Delhi, Mumbai) in the country depending on the number of applicants from each region. The entrance examination will consist of two papers. Paper I test the general aptitude of the candidate and will consist of objective questions from Mathematics, Programming, and Logical Reasoning. Paper II is the Subject Paper, which tests the candidate's subject knowledge.

    How To Apply ?

    All applications should be submitted online in PGEE portal To submit the application, a candidate has to complete two registration forms: Pre-Registration Form and Main Registration Form.
    • Filling of Pre-Registration Form. After filling the Pre-Registration form, the candidate receives an E-Mail which contains the link and identification code. The link should be opened in a browser by supplying the identification code to fill in the Main Registration Form.
    • Filling of Main Registration Form. The main registration form can only be filled by opening the link received through the E-Mail, after filling in the preceeding pre-registration form.

    Important Notes :

    • PGEE portal opens for submitting applications on 1st Feb 2010 .
    • Last Date for the Submission of Main Registration Form will be 18th March 2010 .
    • Last date for the receipt of Application Fees (either through Credit card or Demand Draft) at IIIT, Hyderabad will be 22nd March 2010.
    • Availability of admit cards is 1st April 2010 .
    • Note that the Registration WILL NOT be considered until the candidate completes the Main Registration Form. After filling in the Main Registration Form, the candidate gets an Acknowledgement E-Mail, which confirms that the registration is complete.
    • The purpose of Pre-Pregistration Form is to Confirm the E-Mail address. So it is very important to give a valid E-Mail ID as it will be used for later communication.
    • Note that the candidate can also update the information such as program details and center till their application has been finalized, by following the same link which has been received after filling in pre-registration form.
    • Everytime you update or modify your information you will get an Updated Acknowledge Mail.
    • Most important, please check the acknowledgement E-Mails in your "Bulk" or "Junk" folders, because sometimes the mails may go there.
    • Application will be considered valid only after the Pre-Registration and Main-Registration form is completed, and the application fee is received by IIIT-H.

    About Application Fees:

    • Applicants can apply for one or more programmes in the same form by indicating choices.
    • The application fee is Rs. 1000/- for one programme and Rs. 50/- extra for each additional programme applied for.
    • Application fee can be paid either through Credit Card or through Demand Draft.
      • Credit Card - While filling-in the Main Registration form, the candidate can opt for Credit Card option follow the subsequent instruction.
      • Demand Draft- While filling-in the Main Registration form, the candidate can opt for Demand Draft option. After submitting the Main Registration form.Demand Draft in favor of IIIT, Hyderabad for appropriate amount should be drawn.A candidate must write application number (received in the confirmation mail) along with the name on the reverse side of the demand draft and send the same to the Chairman, PG Admissions, IIIT, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, Andhra Pradesh.
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    963 2010-01-05 12:01:41 2010-01-05 12:01:41 open open iiit-hyderabad-post-graduate-entrance-exam-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262693029 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262692902 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262705498";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262705503";}";";
    LIST OF GATE COLLEGES IN INDIA http://biomedikal.in/list-of-gate-colleges-in-india/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 13:04:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=967 GATE COLLEGES IN INDIA
    IISc Bangalore http://www.iisc.ernet.in
    IIT Bombay http://www.iitb.ac.in
    IIT Guwahati http://www.iitg.ernet.in
    IIT Kanpur http://www.iitk.ac.in
    IIT Kharagpur http://www.iitb.ac.in
    IIT Madras http://www.iitm.ac.in
    IIT Delhi http://www.iitd.ernet.in/
    IIT Roorkee http://www.iitr.ac.in
    TIFR http://www.tifr.res.in
    NIT Trichy http://www.nitt.edu
    NIT Warangal http://www.nitw.ac.in
    NIT Suratkal http://www.nitk.ac.in/
    Jadavpur University http://www.jadavpur.edu/
    NIT Jamshedpur http://www.nitjsr.ac.in
    BITS Pillani http://www.bits-pilani.ac.in/
    IT BHU http://www.itbhu.ac.in/
    MLNR Allahabad http://www.mnnit.ac.in/
    BIT Meshra http://www.bitmesra.ac.in/
    Delhi College of Engineering http://www.dce.edu/
    IIIT Hyderabad http://www.iiit.ac.in/
    Osmania University http://www.osmania.ac.in/
    Anna University http://www.annauniv.edu/
    The complete list of the colleges/institutes state wise, which take admission through GATE is as follows. We have provided the link to the websites of the colleges in some cases.
    ANDHRA PRADESH
    Central Institute of Tool Design, Hyderabad http://www.citdindia.org/
    Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology, Hyderabad http://cbit.ac.in/
    College of Engineering, Andhra Univ http://www.andhrauniversity.info/engg/
    GITAM Institute of Technology, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam http://gitam.edu/coe/engineering.asp
    JNTU College of Engineering, Anantapur www.jntu.ac.in/academics/anantapur.htm
    JNTU College of Engineering, Hyderabad http://www.jntu.ac.in
    JNTU College of Engineering, Kakinada www.jntu.ac.in/academics/kakinada.htm
    JNTU School of Planning & Architecture, Hyderabad http://www.jntu.ac.in/academics/spa.htm
    Kakatiya Institute of Technology & Science, Warangal http://www.kitswgl.org/
    Koneru Lakshmaiah College of Engineering, Guntur http://www.klce.ac.in
    Muffakham Jah College of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad http://www.mjcollege.ac.in/
    Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering & Technology, Nandyal http://www.rgitnandyal.com
    National Institute of Technology, Warangal http://www.nitw.ac.in
    SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram http://srkrec.ac.in
    SV University College of Engineering, Titupati. http://www.svuniversity.in
    Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantpur
    Osmania University http://www.osmania.ac.in/
    University College of Pharmaceutical Science, Warangal http://www.kakatiya.ac.in/
    University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad http://www.uohyd.ernet.in/
    V.R. Siddharatha Engineering College, Vijayawada http://www.vrsiddhartha.ac.in/
    NIPER, Hyderabad http://www.niperhyderabad.in/
    ARUNACHAL PRADESH
    North East Regional Institute of Science & Technology, Itanagar http://www.nerist.ac.in/
    ASSAM
    Assam Engineering College, Guwahati http://aec.ac.in/
    Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh http://www.dibru.ac.in/
    Jorhat Engineering College, Jorhat
    National Institute of Technology, Silchar http://www.nits.ac.in/
    Tezpur (Central) University, Tezpur http://www.tezu.ernet.in/
    BIHAR
    National Institute of Technology, Patna http://www.nitp.ac.in
    Muzaffarpur Institute of Technology, Muzaffarpur
    CHANDIGARH
    Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh http://www.pec.ac.in/
    Punjab University, Chandigarh http://www.puchd.ac.in/
    Technical Teachers Training Institute, Chandigarh http://www.nitttrchd.ac.in/
    CHATTISGARH
    Guru Ghasidas University, Bilaspur http://www.ggu.ac.in/
    Bhilai Institute of Technology, Durg http://www.bitdurg.org/
    Indira Gandhi Agriculture University, Raipur http://igau.edu.in/site/
    Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur http://www.prsu.ac.in/
    DELHI
    Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research http://www.dipsar.in/
    Delhi College of Engineering, Delhi http://dce.edu
    Indraprastha University, Delhi http://www.ipu.ac.in/
    Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi http://www.jamiahamdard.edu
    Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi http://jmi.nic.in/
    M.G. Institute of Integrated Rural Energy Planning & Development, Alipur
    Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Delhi www.nsit.ac.in
    Regional Power Training Institute, Delhi
    School of Planning & Architecture, Delhi http://www.spa.ernet.in/
    GOA
    Goa Engineering College http://www.gec.ac.in/
    Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji http://goagovt.nic.in/gcp/
    GUJARAT
    A.R. College of Pharmacy, Vallabh Vidyanagar
    BVM Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar http://bvmengineering.ac.in/
    Central for Environmental Planning & Technology, Ahmedabad www.cept.ac.in
    D. Desai Institute of Technology, Nadiad http://www.ddu.ac.in/
    K.B. Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research http://www.kbiper.org/
    L.D. College of Engineering, Ahmedabad http://www.ldceahd.org/
    L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad
    Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi http://www.lecollege.org/
    M.S. University, Vadodara http://www.msubaroda.ac.in/
    Nirma Institute of Technology, Ahmedabad www.nirmauni.ac.in
    S.V.National Institute of Technology, Surat www.svnit.ac.in/
    HARYANA
    Kurukshetra University, Hissar, Kurukshetra http://www.kukinfo.com/
    Maharishi Markandeswar Engineering College, Mullana, Ambala
    National Council for Cement & Building Materials, Ballabhgarh http://www.ncbindia.com/
    National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra http://www.nitkkr.ac.in/
    Technological Institute of Textile & Science, Haryana
    YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad http://www.ymcaie.ernet.in/
    JAMMU & KASHMIR
    National Institute of Technology, Srinagar http://www.nitsri.net/
    JHARKHAND
    Bihar Institute of Technology, Sindri http://www.bitsindri.ac.in/
    Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi www.bitmesra.ac.in/
    Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad www.ismdhanbad.ac.in
    National Institute of Foundry & Forge Technology, Ranchi http://www.nifft.ernet.in
    National Institute of Technology, Jamshedpur http://www.nitjsr.com/
    KARNATAKA
    Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Bangalore
    B.L.D.E. College of Engineering & Technology, Bijapur http://www.bldea.org/domains/technology/index.html
    B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bangalore http://www.bmsce.ac.in/
    B.V. Bhoomraddi College of Engineering & Technology, Hubli http://www.bvb.edu/
    Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davangere http://www.bietdvg.edu/
    Bapuji Pharmacy College, Davangere
    Basaveshwar Engineering College, Bagalkot
    College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal www.manipal.edu
    Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore http://www.dr-ait.org/
    Gogte Institute of Technology, Belgaum http://www.git.edu/
    Government College of Pharmacy, Bangalore
    Government Tool Room & Training Centre, Bangalore http://www.gttcnet.com/
    Government Tool Room & Training Centre, Mysore
    H.K.E. Society’s College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga http://www.hkespharmacy.org/
    J.N.N. College of Engineering, Shimoga http://www.jnnce.ac.in/
    J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, Mysore http://www.jsspharma.org/
    K.L.E. Society’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum http://www.kleslingarajcollege.com/
    K.L.E.S. College of Engineering & Technology, Belgaum http://www.kleslingarajcollege.com/
    K.L.E.S. College of Pharmacy, Hubli http://www.kleslingarajcollege.com/
    Karnataka College of Pharmacy, Bidar http://www.karnatakacollegeofpharmacy.com/
    Karnataka Law Society’s Institute of Technology, Belgaum
    Karnataka National Institute of Technology, Surathkal www.nitk.ac.in
    Khaja Banda College of Engineering, Gulbarga http://www.kbnce.org/
    Kurpanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore http://www.krupanidhi.edu.in
    Luqman College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga http://luqmanpharmacyglb.org/
    M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Tecnology, Bangalore www.msrit.edu
    M.V.J. College of Engineering, Bangalore www.mvjeducation.com
    Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan http://www.mcehassan.ac.in/
    Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal www.manipal.edu/mit
    N.M.A.M. Institute of Technology, Udupi
    National College of Pharmacy, Shimoga
    National Institute of Engineering, Mysore www.nie.ac.in
    NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mangalore
    P.E.S. College of Engineering, Mandya
    P.E.S. College of Pharmacy, Bangalore
    Pooja Doddappa College of Engineering, Gulbarga
    Rural Engineering College, Devanahalli
    S.C.S. College of Engineering, Harpanhalli
    S.D.M. College of Engineering & Technology, Dharwad http://www.sdmcet.ac.in
    S.J. College of Engineering, Mysore http://www.sjce.ac.in
    S.J.C. Institute of Technology, Chikkaballapur
    S.K.S.J. Technological Institute, Bangalore
    Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur http://www.sit.ac.in
    Sir M. Visvesvaraya Institute of Technology, Bangalore http://www.sirmvit.edu
    Sree Siddaganga College of Pharmacy, Tumkur
    T.M.A.E. Society’s S.C.S. College of Pharmacy, Harapanahalli
    University B.D.T. College of Engineering, Davangere
    University of Visvesvaraya College of Engineering, Bangalore http://www.uvce.in
    V.L. College of Pharmacy, Raichur
    Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bangalore
    KERALA
    Cochin University of Science & Technology, Cochin http://www.cusat.ac.in/
    College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapurm http://www.cet.ac.in
    College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram
    Government Engineering College, Thrissur http://www.gectcr.edu
    National Institute of Technology, Calicut www.nitc.ac.in
    T.K.M. College of Engineering, Kollam http://www.tkmce.org.in/
    University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram www.keralauniversity.edu
    MADHYA PRADESH
    B.R. Nahata College of Pharmacy, Mandsaur http://www.brncop.org/
    Barkatullah University, Bhopal http://www.bubhopal.nic.in
    National Institute of Technology, Raipur http://www.nitrr.ac.in
    Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal http://www.ciae.nic.in/
    Devi Ahilya, Vishwavidyalaya, Indore http://www.dauniv.ac.in/
    Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar http://sagaruniversity.nic.in/
    Jabalpur Engineering College http://www.jec-jabalpur.org
    IPS Academy College of Pharmacy Indore http://www.indoreonline.com/ips/
    Madan Mohan Malaviya Engineering College, Gorakhpur http://www.mmmec.net/
    Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior http://www.mitsgwl.ac.in/
    Maulana Azad College of Technology (National Institute of Technology), Bhopal www.manit.ac.in
    Military College of Telecom. Engineering http://indianarmy.nic.in/mctemain.htm
    Rajiv Gandhi Prodyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal
    Samrat Ashok Technological Institute, Vidisha http://www.satiengg.org
    Shri G.S. Institute of Technology & Science, Indore www.sgsits.ac.in
    Ujjain Engineering College (Govt. Engineering College), Ujjain http://www.uecu.org.in
    MAHARASHTRA
    Appasaheb Biranle College of Pharmacy, Sangli
    Babasaheb Naik College of Engineering, Pusad (Yavatmal) www.bncoepusad.com
    Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, Pune http://engg.bharatividyapeeth.edu/
    Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur http://pharmacy.bharatividyapeeth.edu/
    Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai http://www.bcpindia.org/
    C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy, Mumbai
    College of Military Engineering, Pune http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/ARMY/CME.html
    College of Engineering, Badnera http://www.coebadnera.com/
    D.Y. Patil College of Engineering, Pune http://www.dypce-ak.com/
    University Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai http://www.udct.org
    Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagpur University, Nagpur
    DKTE Society’s Textile & Engineering Institute, Kolhapur http://www.dktes.com/
    Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere (Mangaon) http://www.dbatechuni.org
    Dr. D.Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Pune
    Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues College of Engineering, Mumbai http://www.frcrce.ac.in/
    Government College of Engineering, Amravati http://www.gcoea.ac.in/
    Government College of Engineering, Aurangabad http://www.geca.ac.in/
    Government College of Engineering, Karad http://www.gcekarad.ac.in/
    Government College of Engineering, Pune http://www.coep.org.in
    Government College of Pharmacy, Karad http://www.gcopk.org/
    Guru Gobind Singhji College of Engineering, Nanded http://www.sggsnanded.org/
    Institute of Armament Technology, Pune
    Institute of Pharmacy, Wardha
    Jawahar Lal Nehru Engineering College, New Aurangabad http://www.jnec.ac.in
    K.B. Society’s College of Engineering & Polytechnic, Sakharale
    K.E. Society’s, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Talwalwa
    K.M. Kundnani College of Pharmacy, Mumbai http://www.kmkcp.com
    Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, Nagpur http://www.litnagpur.info/
    M.G.M.’s College of Engineering & Technology, Nanded
    Maharashtra Institute of Technology, Pune http://www.mitpune.com/
    N.D.M.V.P. Samaj’s College of Pharmacy, Nashik
    N.Y.S.S.’s Yeshwantraw Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur
    Sharad Pawar College of Pharmacy, Nagpur http://www.nyssspcp.org/
    National Institute of Industrial Engineering NITIE, Mumbai www.nitie.edu
    Pravara Rual Engineering College, Loni, Pravaranagar, Ahmednagar http://www.pravaraengg.org.in/
    Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Pune www.pictsctr.edu
    Pune Vidyarthi Griha’s College of Engineering & Technology, Pune http://www.pvgcoet.ac.in
    R.C. Patel College of Pharmacy, Shirpur http://www.shirpurpharmacy.ac.in/
    Regional Power Training Institute, Nagpur
    Sardar Patel College of Engineering, Mumbai http://www.spce.ac.in/
    Shri Ramdeobaba Kamla Nehru Engineering College, Nagpur http://www.rknec.edu/
    Sri Sant Gajanan Maharaj College of Engineering, Shegaon http://www.ssgmce.org/
    Sudhakhar Rao Naik Institute of Pharmacy, Pusad
    Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering & Technology, Warnanagar http://www.tkietwarana.org/
    Thadomal Sahani Engineering College, Mumbai http://www.tsec.edu/
    Veermata Jeejabai Technical Institute, Mumbai http://www.vjti.ac.in/
    Vidharbha Y.W.S.’s College of Engineering, Wardha
    Vishwakarma Institute of Technology, Pune http://www.vit.edu/
    Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur www.vnitnagpur.ac.in
    Vivekanand Education Society’s Institute of Technology, Mumbai http://www.vesit.edu/
    Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli http://www.walchandsangli.ac.in/
    Walchand Institute of Technology, Sholapur http://www.witsolapur.org/
    Yeshwant Rao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur http://www.ycce.edu/
    ORISSA
    College of Engineering & Technology, Bhubaneswar www.cetindia.org
    College of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Behrampur
    Indira Gandhi Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar
    National Institute of Science & Technology, Berhampur www.nist.edu
    National Institute of Technology, Rourkela www.nitrkl.ac.in
    Roland Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gunjam www.rips.ac.in/
    Seemanta Institute of Pharma. Sciences, Mayurbhanj http://www.seemantapharma.org
    Sri Jaydev College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naharkanta, Bhubaneshwar http://sjcpsorissa.org/
    University College of Engineering, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur http://www.uceburla.ac.in/
    PONDICHERRY
    Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry www.pec.edu
    Pondicherry University, Pondicherry www.pondiuni.org
    PUNJAB
    C.E.D.T., Mohali
    College of Agricultural Engineering, Ludhiana
    Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar www.nitj.ac.in
    Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana www.gndec.ac.in
    Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar www.gnduonline.org
    Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Sangrur http://www.sliet.ac.in
    Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala http://tiet.ac.in
    RAJASTHAN
    Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali www.banasthali.org
    Bhupal Nobles College of Pharmacy, Udaipur
    Birla Institute of Technology & Science, Pilani www.bits-pilani.ac.in
    Government College of Engineering, Akelgarh, Kota
    Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology, Jodhpur http://www.lachoomemorial.org/
    M.B.M. Engineering College, Jodhpur http://www.mbmcollege.org/
    Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur www.mnit.ac.in
    TAMIL NADU
    Alagappa Chettiar College of Engineering & Technology, Karaikudi http://www.accet.net/
    Alagappa College of Technology c/o Anna University, Chennai
    Amrita Institute of Technology & Science, Coimbatore
    Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar http://annamalaiuniversity.ac.in/
    Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Engineering, Krishanankoil http://www.akce.ac.in/
    Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman College of Engineering, Vadamavandal, Thiruvannamalai Dist. http://www.amacengg.org/
    Bharath Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai http://www.bharathuniv.com/
    Bharatidasan University, Tiruchirapali http://www.bdu.ac.in/
    C.L. Baid Mehta College of Pharmacy, Thorapakkam
    Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore http://www.citindia.com/
    College of Pharmacy, Sri Ramkrishna Institute of Paramedic, Coimbatore
    College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai http://www.annauniv.edu/ceg/
    Crescent Engineering College, Vandalur http://www.crescentcollege.org/
    Dr. M.G.R. Engineering College, , Chennai http://www.drmgrdu.ac.in/
    Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed University) http://www.ruraluniv.ac.in/
    Government College of Engineering, Salem http://www.gcesalem.edu.in
    Government College of Engineering, Kattabomman
    Government College of Technology, Coimbatore http://www.gct.ac.in/
    Hindustan College of Engineering, Kelambakkam http://www.hindustancollege.com/
    Hindustan Engineering Training Centre, Chennai http://www.hindustancollege.com/
    J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, Ootacamond http://www.jsscpooty.org/
    K.S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode http://www.ksrct.ac.in/
    Karunya Institute of Technology, Coimbatore http://www.karunya.edu/
    Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode http://www.kongu.ac.in/
    Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore http://www.kct.ac.in/
    M.S. University, Tirunelveli http://www.msuniversitytvl.net/
    Maharaja College of Engineering, Avinashi http://www.maharaja.in/mec/index.html
    Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Virudhunagar http://www.mepcoeng.ac.in/
    Mohammed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakkarai, Ramanathapuram Dist. http://www.msec.in/
    Madras Institute of Technology, Chennai http://www.mitindia.edu/
    Nandha College of Paramedical Sciences, Erode
    National Engineering College, Kovilpatti http://www.nationalenggcollege.org/
    Noorul Islam College of Engineering, Kanyakumari http://www.niceindia.com/
    Periyar Maniammai College of Technology for Women, Thanjavur http://210.212.253.105/
    PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore http://www.psgtech.edu/
    PSNA College of Engineering & Technology, Dindigul
    R.V.S. College of Engineering & Technology, Dindigul http://www.rvseng.ac.in/
    National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirapalli http://www.nitt.edu
    Regional Power Training Institute, Neyveli http://www.nptisr.com/PGDC.htm
    S.R.M. College of Pharmacy, S.R.M. Nagar http://www.srmuniv.ac.in
    S.R.M. Engineering College, Potheri http://www.srmuniv.ac.in/
    Satyabhama Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai
    School of Arch. & Planning, Anna University, Guindy http://www.annauniv.edu/sap/
    Sastra University http://www.sastra.edu/
    Sona College of Technology, Salem http://www.sonatech.ac.in/
    Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Coimbatore
    Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Pennalur, Sriperumbudur http://www.svce.ac.in/
    Technical Teachers Training Institute, Chennai http://www.nitttrc.ac.in/
    Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai http://www.tce.edu/
    V.L.B. Janakimmal College of Engineering & Technology, Coimbatore http://www.vlbjcet.ac.in
    Vel’s College of Pharmacy, Pallavaram http://www.velscollege.com/pharmacy/index.html
    Vellore Institute of Technology http://www.vit.ac.in/
    UTTARANCHAL
    Govind Ballabh Pant Engineering College, Pauri http://www.gbpec.net/
    Pant College of Technology, Pant Nagar http://www.gbpuat-tech.ac.in/
    UTTAR PRADESH
    Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh http://www.amu.ac.in/
    Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Allahabad http://www.aaidu.org/
    Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi http://www.itbhu.ac.in/
    Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jhansi http://biet.up.nic.in/
    Centre for Electronics Design & Technology, Gorakhpur
    Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra http://www.dei.ac.in/
    Electronics Research & Dev. Centre of India, Noida
    Government Central Textile Institute, Kanpur http://www.uptti.ac.in/
    Harcourt Butler Technology Institute, Kanpur http://hbti.ac.in/
    Institute of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow http://www.ietlucknow.edu/
    Kamla Nehru Institute of Technology, Sultanpur
    Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad http://www.mnnit.ac.in/
    Power Management Institute, Noida http://www.pmintpc.com
    WEST BENGAL
    Bengal Engineering College, Howrah
    College of Ceramic Technology, Belaghata
    College of Textile Technology, Bahrampore
    College of Leather Technology, Kolkata http://www.gcelt.gov.in/
    Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata www.isical.ac.in/
    Institute of Jute Technology, Kolkata http://www.ijtindia.org/
    Jadavpur University, Kolkata http://www.jadavpur.edu/
    National Institute of Technology, Burdwan
    Regional Power Training Institute, Durgapur http://www.npti.nic.in/
    University College of Science & Technology, Kolkata http://www.caluniv.ac.in/
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    967 2010-01-05 13:04:43 2010-01-05 13:04:43 open open list-of-gate-colleges-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262696696 email_notification 1262696685 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN KOLKATA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-kolkata-2/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 17:42:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=969
    Experience:
    1 - 4 Years
    Location:
    Kolkata
    Compensation:
    Negotiable
    Education:
    UG - Any Graduate - Any Specialization
    PG - Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:
    Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:
    Bio-Statistician
    Functional Area:
    Healthcare, Medical, R&D

    Job Description

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Degree / Diploma in Dialysis Technology from a reputed institute.

    Company Profile

    Rabindranath Tagore International Institute of Cardiac Sciences setup in April 2000 is a Unit of Asia Heart Foundation, a trust that aims to develop a network of Hospitals throughout India, to bring world-class cardiac care facilities within
    Contact Details
    Company Name:
    Rabindranath Tagore International Institutte Of Cardiac Sciences
    Website:
    Email Address:
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    ]]>
    969 2010-01-05 17:42:16 2010-01-05 17:42:16 open open biomedical-jobs-in-kolkata-2 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262713742 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262713735 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 32 sandrapaul12@gmail.com 202.131.117.195 2010-01-07 07:49:15 2010-01-07 07:49:15 1 0 0
    Gayatri College of Biomedical Sciences (GCBS) BSc, MSc Admission Open http://biomedikal.in/gayatri-college-of-biomedical-sciences-gcbs-bsc-msc-admission-open/ Tue, 05 Jan 2010 17:50:29 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=973 READMORE>>>>]]> 973 2010-01-05 17:50:29 2010-01-05 17:50:29 open open gayatri-college-of-biomedical-sciences-gcbs-bsc-msc-admission-open publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262714083 email_notification 1262713831 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 ADVANCES IN BIOMEDICAL AND BIOMIMETIC MATERIALS http://biomedikal.in/advances-in-biomedical-and-biomimetic-materials/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 12:08:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=976 BOOK OVERVIEW Advances in Biomedical and Biomimetic Materials: Ceramic Transactions (Ceramic Transactions Series) By Roger Narayan * Publisher: Wiley-American Ceramic Society * Number Of Pages: 204 * Publication Date: 2009-08-03 * ISBN-10 / ASIN:   0470408472 * ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780470408476 Product Description: This book contains the proceedings of the “Advances in Biomedical and Biomimetic Materials” symposium, held in 2008 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Presentations were given on recent developments in biomedical and biomimetic materials, including scaffolds for tissue engineering; bioceramics; biomimetic materials; surface modification of biomaterials; metallic implant materials; nanoparticles for medical diagnosis and treatment; as well as novel materials for drug delivery and biosensing. This symposium enabled discussion among the many groups involved in the development and use of biomaterials, including materials researchers, medical device manufacturers, and clinicians. Download links rapidshare
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    976 2010-01-06 12:08:07 2010-01-06 12:08:07 open open advances-in-biomedical-and-biomimetic-materials publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262779841 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262779698 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biomedical Engineering And Design Handbook, Volume 1-By Myer Kutz http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-and-design-handbook-volume-1-by-myer-kutz/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 12:22:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=982 BOOK OVERVIEW Biomedical Engineering and Design Handbook, Volume 1: Second Edition, Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals By Myer Kutz * Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional * Number Of Pages: 688 * Publication Date: 2009-06-22 * ISBN-10 / ASIN: 0071498389 * ISBN-13 / EAN: 9780071498388 Product Description: A State-of-the-Art Guide to Biomedical Engineering and Design Fundamentals and Applications The two-volume Biomedical Engineering and Design Handbook, Second Edition offers unsurpassed coverage of the entire biomedical engineering field, including fundamental concepts, design and development processes, and applications. This landmark work contains contributions on a wide range of topics from nearly 80 leading experts at universities, medical centers, and commercial and law firms. Volume 1 focuses on the basics of biomedical engineering, including biomedical systems analysis, biomechanics of the human body, biomaterials, and bioelectronics. Filled with more than 500 detailed illustrations, this superb volume provides the foundational knowledge required to understand the design and development of innovative devices, techniques, and treatments. Volume 1 covers:
    1. Modeling and Simulation of Biomedical Systems
    2. Bioheat Transfer
    3. Physical and Flow Properties of Blood
    4. Respiratory Mechanics and Gas Exchange
    5. Biomechanics of the Respiratory Muscles
    6. Biomechanics of Human Movement
    7. Biomechanics of the Musculoskeletal System
    8. Biodynamics
    9. Bone Mechanics
    10. Finite Element Analysis
    11. Vibration, Mechanical Shock, and Impact
    12. Electromyography
    13. Biopolymers
    14. Biomedical Composites
    15. Bioceramics
    16. Cardiovascular Biomaterials
    17. Dental Materials
    18. Orthopaedic Biomaterials
    19. Biomaterials to Promote Tissue Regeneration
    20. Bioelectricity
    21. Biomedical Signal Analysis
    22. Biomedical Signal Processing
    23. Intelligent Systems and Bioengineering
    24. BioMEMS

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

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    982 2010-01-06 12:22:41 2010-01-06 12:22:41 open open biomedical-engineering-and-design-handbook-volume-1-by-myer-kutz publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262781336 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262780574 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biomedical Engineering And Design Handbook,Volume 2:Second Edition, Biomedical Engineering Applications-By Myer Kutz http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-and-design-handbookvolume-2second-edition-biomedical-engineering-applications-by-myer-kutz/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 12:26:25 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=980 BOOK OVERVIEW Biomedical Engineering and Design Handbook, Volume 2: Second Edition, Biomedical Engineering Applications By Myer Kutz * Publisher:   McGraw-Hill Professional * Number Of Pages:   816 * Publication Date:   2009-06-22 * ISBN-10 / ASIN:   0071498397 * ISBN-13 / EAN:   9780071498395 Product Description: A State-of-the-Art Guide to Biomedical Engineering and Design Fundamentals and Applications The two-volume Biomedical Engineering and Design Handbook, Second Edition, offers unsurpassed coverage of the entire biomedical engineering field, including fundamental concepts, design and development processes, and applications. This landmark work contains contributions on a wide range of topics from nearly 80 leading experts at universities, medical centers, and commercial and law firms. Volume 2 provides timely information on breakthrough developments in medical device design, diagnostic equipment design, surgery, rehabilitation engineering, prosthetics design, and clinical engineering. Filled with more than 400 detailed illustrations, this definitive volume examines cutting-edge design and development methods for innovative devices, techniques, and treatments. Volume 2 covers:
    • Medical Product Design
    • FDA Medical Device Requirements
    • Cardiovascular Devices
    • Design of Respiratory Devices
    • Design of Artificial Kidneys
    • Design of Controlled-Release Drug Delivery Systems
    • Sterile Medical Device Package Development
    • Design of Magnetic Resonance Systems
    • Instrumentation Design for Ultrasonic Imaging
    • The Principles of X-Ray Computed Tomography
    • Nuclear Medicine Imaging Instrumentation
    • Breast Imaging Systems
    • Surgical Simulation Technologies
    • Computer-Integrated Surgery and Medical Robotics
    • Technology and Disabilities
    • Applied Universal Design
    • Design of Artificial Arms and Hands for Prosthetic Applications
    • Design of Artificial Limbs for Lower Extremity Amputees
    • Wear of Total Knee and Hip Joint Replacements
    • Home Modification Design
    • Intelligent Assistive Technology
    • Rehabilitators
    • Risk Management in Healthcare
    • Technology Planning for Healthcare Institutions
    • Healthcare Facilities Planning
    • Healthcare Systems Engineering
    • Enclosed Habitat Life Support
    DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE
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    980 2010-01-06 12:26:25 2010-01-06 12:26:25 open open biomedical-engineering-and-design-handbookvolume-2second-edition-biomedical-engineering-applications-by-myer-kutz publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262781326 email_notification 1262780788 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    VLSI Circuits for Biomedical Applications By Krzysztof Iniewski http://biomedikal.in/vlsi-circuits-for-biomedical-applications-by-krzysztof-iniewski/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 12:41:16 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=991 BOOK OVERVIEW VLSI Circuits for Biomedical Applications By Krzysztof Iniewski * Publisher: Artech House Publishers * Number Of Pages: 435 * Publication Date: 2008-06-30 * ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1596933178 * ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781596933170 Product Description: VLSI (very large scale integration) is the process of creating integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistor based circuits into a single chip. Written by top-notch international experts in industry and academia, this groundbreaking resource presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art overview of VLSI circuit design for a wide range of applications in biology and medicine. Supported with over 280 illustrations and over 160 equations, the book offers cutting-edge guidance on designing integrated circuits for wireless biosensing, body implants, biosensing interfaces, and molecular biology. You discover innovative design techniques and novel materials to help you achieve higher levels circuit and system performance. This invaluable volume is essential reading for anyone with a serious interest in circuit design and future biomedical technology, whether you're a seasoned practitioner or graduate student preparing for work in this challenging field. DOWNLOAD LINKS ]]> 991 2010-01-06 12:41:16 2010-01-06 12:41:16 open open vlsi-circuits-for-biomedical-applications-by-krzysztof-iniewski publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263282509 email_notification 1262781676 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 Biomedical Informatics in Translational Research By Hai Hu, Richard J. Mural, Michael N. Liebman http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-informatics-in-translational-research-by-hai-hu-richard-j-mural-michael-n-liebman/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 12:54:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=994 BOOK OVERVIEW Biomedical Informatics in Translational Research By Hai Hu, Richard J. Mural, Michael N. Liebman * Publisher: Artech House Publishers * Number Of Pages: 264 * Publication Date: 2008-07-31 * ISBN-10 / ASIN: 1596930381 * ISBN-13 / EAN: 9781596930384 Product Description: This groundbreaking resource on biomedical informatics gives you step-by-step insight into innovative techniques for integrating and federating data from clinical and high-throughput molecular study platforms as well as from the public domain. It details how to apply computational and statistical technologies to clinical, genomic, and proteomic studies to enhance data collection, tracking, storage, visualization, analysis, and knowledge discovery processes, and to translate knowledge from "bench to bedside" and "bedside to bench" with never-before efficiency. Filling the need for informatics applications that bridge the clinical-basic domains and facilitate the bi-directional flow of research, this definitive volume offers a systems-oriented approach to the subject that complements the traditional bottom-up approach of systems biology. You get clear insight into how to conduct biomedical informatics research at both the clinical and molecular levels, with detailed guidelines on study design, IRB protocol development, questionnaire design, specimen collection, and other procedures and applications. The book explains the latest data integration and federation approaches, and points the way to potential new data analysis and mining methodologies for tackling problems that cannot be readily resolved using current technologies. Complete with in-depth case examples demonstrating how to develop tools for specific biomedical informatics tasks, this pioneering work will prove invaluable to your efforts in managing clinical and high-throughput data and making the most of targeted basic research. CONTENTS Biomedical Informatics: Problems and Opportunities—Definition of Biomedical Informatics: How Biomedical Informatics differs from Bioinformatics. An overview of the ‘omics.’ Genomics: human and other species, websites. Proteomics: human and other species, websites. Tools, websites. From bed to bench, bench to data and models. From data/model to bench to bed. Clinical Perspective—Definition of clinical problems: prevalence, death, diagnosis methods, early detection. Patient care. Images: acquisition and processing. HIPPA/IRB. Patient centric questionnaire/questionnaire design. Questionnaire completion: patient interview, manual completion, electronic capturing. Subject enrollment: normal and diseased. Standard Operating Procedure, Quality Control, and Quality Assurance. Specimen Collections and Pathology—Blood sample collection: blood drawn, blood processing, PaxGene. Pathological sample collection: biopsy, mastectomy, etc. Discrepancies between pathologists, empirical standards. Pathological questionnaire completion: by pathology. Control subjects and samples collection. Sample tracking, storage/tissue banking. Standard Operating Procedure, Quality Control, and Quality Assurance. Genomic Studies—Microarray: overview of the platforms. Genotyping. Standard Operating Procedure, Quality Control, and Quality Assurance. Clinical applications/implications. Proteomic Studies—Protein separations. Protein identifications. Pattern identifications. Standard Operating Procedure, Quality Control, and Quality Assurance. Clinical applications/implications. Data Tracking—Overview of different systems in different fields. Cimarron system: modules. Tracking data models. Extensible architecture. Data Integration—Data warehouse, general, and applications in business. Data warehouse models: integrated, federated, hybrid. Normalization: in industry and in life sciences. Hardware and DBMS. Data source selection. Public data sources. Our product. Data Visualization, Data Analysis Tools—Spotfire. Research Gateway. caCORE/caBIG efforts. Clementine. Others. Research and Application: Examples—Use of the data warehouse and research tools for integrated research. Clinical study: disease associations with demographics, risk factors, lifestyles, environmental factors. Co-morbidities. Molecular study: statistical significance and biological significance. Text mining. Modeling. Molecular basis of disease. Example of biomarkers in clinical trials. Research and Application: Future Directions—Disease progression models. Object structure of the patient. Molecular basis of pathological diagnosis. How Biomedical Informatics will change the way drug is discovered. How Biomedical Informatics will change the way patient is treated. DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE FILE 2 BOX
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    994 2010-01-06 12:54:19 2010-01-06 12:54:19 open open biomedical-informatics-in-translational-research-by-hai-hu-richard-j-mural-michael-n-liebman publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262786133 email_notification 1262782460 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Artificial Muscles: Applications of Advanced Polymeric Nanocomposites http://biomedikal.in/artificial-muscles-applications-of-advanced-polymeric-nanocomposites/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 13:02:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=996 BOOK OVERVIEW Smart materials are the way of the future in a variety of fields, from biomedical engineering and chemistry to nanoscience, nanotechnology, and robotics. Featuring an interdisciplinary approach to smart materials and structures, Artificial Muscles: Applications of Advanced Polymeric Nanocomposites thoroughly reviews the existing knowledge of ionic polymeric conductor nanocomposites (IPCNCs), including ionic polymeric metal nanocomposites (IPMNCs) as biomimetic distributed nanosensors, nanoactuators, nanotransducers, nanorobots, artificial muscles, and electrically controllable intelligent polymeric network structures. Authored by one of the founding fathers of the field, the book introduces fabrication and manufacturing methods of several electrically and chemically active ionic polymeric sensors, actuators, and artificial muscles, as well as a new class of electrically active polymeric nanocomposites and artificial muscles. It also describes a few apparatuses for modeling and testing various artificial muscles to show the viability of chemoactive and electroactive muscles. The authors present the theories, modeling, and numerical simulations of ionic polymeric artificial muscles’ electrodynamics and chemodynamics. In addition, they feature current industrial and medical applications of IPMNCs. By covering the fabrication techniques of and novel developments in advanced polymeric nanocomposites, this book provides a solid foundation in the subject while stimulating further research. About the Author University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA University of Nevada, Reno, USA Eli Lilly & Company, Indiana, USA DOWNLOAD LINKS HOTFILE FILE2BOX RAPIDSHARE
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    996 2010-01-06 13:02:43 2010-01-06 13:02:43 open open artificial-muscles-applications-of-advanced-polymeric-nanocomposites publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262782972 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262782967 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Engineering materials for biomedical applications By Teoh Swee Hin, Swee Hin Teoh http://biomedikal.in/engineering-materials-for-biomedical-applications-by-teoh-swee-hin-swee-hin-teoh/ Wed, 06 Jan 2010 13:21:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1001 Book overview
    The success of any implant or medical device depends very much on the biomaterial used. Synthetic materials (such as metals, polymers and composites) have made significant contributions to many established medical devices. The aim of this book is to provide a basic understanding on the engineering and processing aspects of biomaterials used in medical applications. Of paramount importance is the tripartite relationship between material properties, processing methods and design. As the target audiences cover a wide interdisciplinary field, each chapter is written with a detailed background so that audience of another discipline will be able to understand. For the more knowledgeable reader, a detailed list of references is included.
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    1001 2010-01-06 13:21:08 2010-01-06 13:21:08 open open engineering-materials-for-biomedical-applications-by-teoh-swee-hin-swee-hin-teoh publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262784222 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262784081 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HUMAN ANATOMY OF SKELTAL SYSTEM SHORT NOTES (GOOD FOR BIOMECHANICS ALSO) http://biomedikal.in/human-anatomy-of-skeltal-system-short-notes-good-for-biomechanics-also/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 08:36:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1019 SKELETAL SYSTEM ARTICULATIONS/JOINTS HUMAN MOVEMENT HUMAN MUSCULATURE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM ANATOMY OF SHOULDER ANATOMY OF AN ELBOW ANATOMY OF WRIST AND HAND ANATOMY OF FOOT AND ANKLE ANATOMY OF THE KNEE ANATOMY OF HIP AND PELVIS GIRDLE ANATOMY OF SPINE ANATOMY OF POSTURE ANATOMY OF LOCATION COMPLETE GUIDE TO HUMAN ANTOMY VIEW ALL SYSTEMS OF BODY ONLY CLEAR ALL YOUR DOUBTS HERE GO TO THIS LINK INNER BODY CONFIGURATION
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    1019 2010-01-07 14:06:07 2010-01-07 08:36:07 open open human-anatomy-of-skeltal-system-short-notes-good-for-biomechanics-also publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262853505 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262853368 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HUMAN ANATOMY VIDEO LECTURES NOTES http://biomedikal.in/human-anatomy-video-lectures-notes/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 09:09:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1022 GENERAL HUMAN ANATOMY [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9WtBRNydso]

    SKELTAL SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjCIRLwkl3k] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EvrWHa1PLUQ] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gv0VcUWAaQw] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Him_dCGaVS4] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nT2Sbmp1We0] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4igRkNlth4] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpQ1S7ARs-k]

    MUSCULAR SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uSeCYT1g6eo] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4xUnplkc6g] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4DlAZJeFrrE]

    HEMATOLOGY

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XGS-gGsyMTw] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxoioZ4auoU] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P680vk8hPZg]

    BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P680vk8hPZg] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zIY8gGQnSVw]

    LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2bDMk1ciDm8]

    RESPIRATION SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0gbdNAXs9E]

    REVIEW LECTURE

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4THumADnB8]

    RESPIRATION SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lB91pPs_HWE]

    NEUROHISTOLOGY

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBoC8LNUrTU] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWnUo6nq-XY]

    DEVELOPMENT OF NERVOUS SYSTEM

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-LG0J20qnZE]

    SPINAL CORD AND NERVES

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9fNxlNLn1A]

    PERIPHERAL NERVES

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BEwOOEegKA]

    SENSORY AND MOTOR PATHWAYS

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxUJ7qTJRi8]

    MOTOR PATHWAYS AND FOREBRAIN

    [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4p-pkTkutU] FOREBRAIN [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hqiIrx5dME] EYE [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hyOQ6Dg4_E] REVIEW LECTURE [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hyOQ6Dg4_E] DIGESTIVE SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Y76SuDnVro] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=juSEiC8jo84] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rVyDLGRqfi4] URINARY SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5GhpmcWf_-Q] ENDOCRINE SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Du0nK8QQSTc] [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpZ75E72po0] FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5BWhx9oc8vE] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVLGICFkd2w] INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM [youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cFbRAaHhpJA0]
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    1022 2010-01-07 14:39:02 2010-01-07 09:09:02 open open human-anatomy-video-lectures-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262955960 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262855346 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Saladin: Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function, Third Edition http://biomedikal.in/saladin-anatomy-physiology-the-unity-of-form-and-function-third-edition/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 09:22:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1025

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    This book is meant especially for students who plan to pursue such careers as nursing, therapy, health education, medicine, and other health professions. It is designed for a two-semester combined anatomy and physiology course and assumes that the reader has taken no prior college chemistry or biology courses. I also bear in mind that many A&P students return to college after interruptions to raise families or pursue other careers. For returning students and those without college prerequisites, the early chapters will serve as a refresher on the necessary points of chemistry and cell biology. Many A&P students also are still developing the intellectual skills and study habits necessary for success in a health science curriculum. There are many, too, for whom English was not their original language. Therefore, I endeavor to write in a style that is clear, concise, and enjoyable to read, and to enliven the facts of science with analogies, clinical remarks, historical notes, biographical vignettes, and other seasoning that will make the book enjoyable to students and instructors alike. Each chapter is built around pedagogic strategies that will make the subject attainable for a wide range of students and instill the study and thinking habits conducive to success in more advanced courses. DOWNLOAD LINKS PART 1 PART2 PART 3 PART 4
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    1025 2010-01-07 14:52:24 2010-01-07 09:22:24 open open saladin-anatomy-physiology-the-unity-of-form-and-function-third-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262856146 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262856144 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Human Anatomy & Physiology (7th Edition) By Elaine N. Marieb, Katja Hoehn Katja Hoehn http://biomedikal.in/human-anatomy-physiology-7th-edition-by-elaine-n-marieb-katja-hoehn-katja-hoehn/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 09:27:45 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1028 BOOK OVERVIEW With each edition of her top-selling Human Anatomy and Physiology text, Elaine N. Marieb draws on her own, unique experience as a full-time AandP professor and part-time nursing student to explain concepts and processes in a meaningful and memorable way. With the Seventh Edition, Dr. Marieb has teamed up with co-author Katja Hoehn to produce the most exciting edition yet, with beautifully-enhanced muscle illustrations, updated coverage of factual material and topic boxes, new coverage of high-interest topics such as Botox, designer drugs, and cancer treatment, and a comprehensive instructor and student media package. The Human Body: An Orientation, Chemistry Comes Alive, Cells: The Living Units, Tissue: The Living Fabric, The Integumentary System, Bones and Skeletal Tissues, The Skeleton, Joints, Muscles and Muscle Tissue, The Muscular System, Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue, The Central Nervous System, The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity, The Autonomic Nervous System, The Special Senses, The Endocrine System, Blood, The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, The Lymphatic System, The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defensives, The Respiratory System, The Digestive System, Nutrition, Metabolism, and Body Temperature Regulation, The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, The Reproductive System, Pregnancy and Human Development, Heredity For all readers interested in humananatomy and physiology. DOWNLOAD LINK
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    1028 2010-01-07 14:57:45 2010-01-07 09:27:45 open open human-anatomy-physiology-7th-edition-by-elaine-n-marieb-katja-hoehn-katja-hoehn publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262856721 email_notification 1262856480 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 33 renaeboge@hotmail.com http://autonomousblogger.wordpress.com 69.57.201.157 2010-01-07 15:01:36 2010-01-07 09:31:36 1 0 0 34 kushtripathi20006@gmail.com http://bmeindia.co.nr 122.162.113.78 2010-01-07 15:02:24 2010-01-07 09:32:24 1 33 0 35 renaeboge@hotmail.com http://autonomousblogger.wordpress.com 69.57.201.157 2010-01-07 15:10:44 2010-01-07 09:40:44 1 34 0 36 renaeboge@hotmail.com http://autonomousblogger.wordpress.com 69.57.201.157 2010-01-07 15:11:44 2010-01-07 09:41:44 1 34 0 37 kushtripathi20006@gmail.com http://bmeindia.co.nr 122.162.113.78 2010-01-07 15:12:47 2010-01-07 09:42:47 1 36 0
    BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS By Roger Narayan http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-materials-by-roger-narayan/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 09:45:35 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1031 BOOK DESCRIPTION Biomedical Materials provides a comprehensive discussion of contemporary biomaterials research and development. Highlighting important topics associated with Engineering, Medicine and Surgery, this volume reaches a wide scope of professionals, researchers and graduate students involved with biomaterials. A pedagogical writing style and structure provides readers with an understanding of the fundamental concepts necessary to pursue research and industrial work on biomaterials, including characteristics of biomaterials, biological processes, biocompatibility, and applications of biomaterials in implants and medical instruments. Written by leading researchers in the field, this text book takes readers to the forefront of biomedical materials development, providing them with a taste of how the field is changing, while also serving as a useful reference to physicians and engineers. DOWNLOAD LINKS DEPOSIT FILES RAPIDSHARE
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    1031 2010-01-07 15:15:35 2010-01-07 09:45:35 open open biomedical-materials-by-roger-narayan publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262857547 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262857539 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HANDBOOK OF BIOSENSORS AND BIOCHIPS By Robert S. Marks, Christopher R. Lowe, David C. Cullen, Howard H. Weetall, Isao Karube http://biomedikal.in/handbook-of-biosensors-and-biochips-by-robert-s-marks-christopher-r-lowe-david-c-cullen-howard-h-weetall-isao-karube/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 09:51:29 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1035 Book overview
    With contributions from experts in the field, the Handbook of Biosensors and Biochips provides an essential reference, underpinning many of the applications used in medical diagnostics, environmental control and pharmaceutical and food industries. It presents an invaluable addition for those in both academia and industry.
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    1035 2010-01-07 15:21:29 2010-01-07 09:51:29 open open handbook-of-biosensors-and-biochips-by-robert-s-marks-christopher-r-lowe-david-c-cullen-howard-h-weetall-isao-karube publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262858623 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262857895 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY By David Feng http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-information-technology-by-david-feng/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 10:09:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1040

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    The enormous growth in the field of biotechnology necessitates the utilization of information technology for the management, flow and organization of data. The field continues to evolve with the development of new applications to fit the needs of the biomedicine. From molecular imaging to healthcare knowledge management, the storage, access and analysis of data contributes significantly to biomedical research and practice. All biomedical professionals can benefit from a greater understanding of how data can be efficiently managed and utilized through data compression, modelling, processing, registration, visualization, communication, and large-scale biological computing. In addition the book contains practical integrated clinical applications for disease detection, diagnosis, surgery, therapy, and biomedical knowledge discovery, including the latest advances in the field, such as ubiquitous M-Health systems and molecular imaging applications. DOWNLOAD LINKS
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    1040 2010-01-07 15:39:24 2010-01-07 10:09:24 open open biomedical-information-technology-by-david-feng publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262889865 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262858965 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BACKDOOR OPENING OF SOFTWARE ENGINEER JOBS IN GMR AT HYDERABAD http://biomedikal.in/backdoor-opening-of-software-engineer-jobs-in-gmr-at-hyderabad/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 16:42:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1045 backdoor joining in the company going on according to this scheme it has been written that BTECH of any stream can apply for this job the mail goes like following Hello, We have the urgent opening for the following requirement Designation : Software Engineer Client : GMR Group (CMM Level 5) Location : Hyderabad Qualification : B-Tech Fresher(Any stream) This is a Back door opening. You need to pay 3.0 lakhs as the processing fee. Initially you need to pay Rs.10,000/- and after getting the offer letter you need to pay the remaining amount. If you are interested, kindly revert me back. Regards, Shravan, sravan.freelance@gmail.com call me at: 09291531054.
    Disclaimer:
    The sender of this email is registered with naukri.com as Silver Streak Solutions (kkumar_raju@yahoo.com, H.No. 8-3-169/117, First Floor, Ameerpet, HYDERABAD, Andhra Pradesh - 500038) using Naukri.com services. The responsibility of checking the authenticity of offers/correspondence lies with you. If you consider the content of this email inappropriate or spam, you may:
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    1045 2010-01-07 22:12:21 2010-01-07 16:42:21 open open backdoor-opening-of-software-engineer-jobs-in-gmr-at-hyderabad publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262882776 email_notification 1262882554 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_skip_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262929136";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262929136";}";";
    Wiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering, 6-Volume Set http://biomedikal.in/wiley-encyclopedia-of-biomedical-engineering-6-volume-set/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 17:58:55 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1049 BOOK DESCRIPTION Wiley Encyclopedia of Biomedical Engineering, 6-Volume Set is a living and evolving repository of the biomedical engineering (BME) knowledge base. To represent the vast diversity of the field and its multi-and cross-disciplinary nature and serve the BME community, the scope and content is comprehensive. As a peer reviewed primer, educational material, technical reference, research and development resource, the project encompasses the "best" in terms of its intellectual substance and rigor. DOWNLOAD LINKS Uploading RAPIDSHARE TABLE OF CONTENTS Accelerometers., Adhesion of Bacteria., Adhesion of Cells to Biomaterials., Allogenic Cells and Tissues ., Alumina., American College of Clinical Engineering., American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering., Analog to Digital Conversion., Anesthesia Machines., Aortic Stenosis and Systemic Hypertension, Modeling of., Arterial Blood Pressure Processing ., Arthroscopic Fixation Devices., Articular Cartilage., Artificial Blood., Artificial Heart Valves., Artificial Kidney, Modeling of Transport Phenomena in., Assistive Robotics ., Assistive Technology., Atomic Force Microscopy., Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter., Autocorrelation and Crosscorrelation Methods., Autologous Platelet-Based Therapies., Back-Propagation., Batteries for Implantable Biomedical Applications., Bayesian Analysis., Bioacoustic Signals., Bioactive Bone Cements., Bioactive Glasses and Glass Ceramics., Biochemical Pathways Research., Biochemical Processes/Kinetics., Biocompatibility of Engineering Materials., Biocomputation ., Bioelectricity and Biomagnetism ., Bioenergetics and Systemic Responses to Exercise., Bioheat Transfer Model., Bioimpedance., Bioinformatics., Biological Database Integration., Biological Neural Control., Biological Neuronal Networks, Modeling of., Biomedical Electronics., Biomedical Products, International Standards for., Biomedical Sensors., Biomedical Transducers., Biometrics., Biomolecular Layers: Quantification of Mass and Thickness., Bio-Optical Signals., Bio-Optics:Optical Measurement of Pulse Wave Transit Time., Blind Source Separation., Blood Flow Measurement., Blood Flow Simulation, Patient Specific in-Vivo., Blood Oxygen Saturation Measurements., Blood Substitutes., Bone, Mechanical Testing of., Bone Resorption., Brain Function, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of., Cancer., Capillary Electrophoresis., Capillary Permeability., Carbyne-Containing Surface Coatings., Cardiac Action Potentials ., Cardiac Arrhythmia., Cardiac Electromechanical Coupling., Cardiac Hypertrophy., Cardiac Imaging., Cardiac Pacemakers., Cardiac Valves., Careers., Cartilage Scaffolds., Cell Adhesion Molecules: Conversational Signallers., Cell Patterning., Cell Surface Interactions., Cellular Engineering., Cellular and Molecular Imaging., Chaos., Clinical Decision Support Systems., Clinical Trials., Closed-Loop System Identification., Cochlear Implants., Cognitive Assistive Technology., Cognitive Systems., Coherence., Complexity, Scaling and Fractals in Biological Signals., Computed Tomography., Computer Aided Design., Computer Aided Surgery., Computer Assisted Radiation Therapy (CART)., Computer Assisted Radiology (CAR)., Confocal Microscopy., Cortical Bone Fracture., Data Mining., Data Visualization., Defibrillation., Deformable Objects, Interactive Simulation of ., Dentin., Dentin-Enamel Junction of Human Teeth., Diabetes Care, Biomedical and Information Technologies for ., Diffusion Tensor Imaging., Digital Filters., Discrete Fourier Transform., Distributed Processing., DNA Sequencing., Echocardiography., Ectopic Activity., Education., EEG-Based Brain-Computer Interface System., Elasticity., Elasticity Imaging., Electric Impedance Imaging, Injected Current., Electric Shock., Electrical Activity in Cardiac Tissue, Modeling of., Electrical Impedance Plethysmography., Electrical Impedance Technique for Cryosurgery Monitoring., Electrical Impedance Tomography, Induced Current., Electrical Safety., Electrocardiogram (ECG): Automated Diagnosis., Electrocardiogram (ECG): Inverse Problem., Electrocardiogram (ECG) Mapping., Electrocardiogram (ECG) Signal Processing., Electrochemical Biosensors., Electrodes., Electrodiagnosis in Neuromuscular Disorders., Electroencephalography (EEG)., Electroencephalography (EEG): Inverse Problems., Electrogastrography (EGG)., Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility., Electromagnetic Waves., Electromyography (EMG), Electrodes and Equipment for., Electromyography (EMG) Modeling., Electromyography (EMG), Needle., Electromyography (EMG) of Pelvic Floor Muscles., Electronic Health Record., Electrophoresis., Electrophysiology., Electroporation., Entropy., Epithelial Pre-Cancers and Cancers, Optical Technologies for Detection and Diagnosis of., Ethical Issues in Biomedical Research., Event-Related Potentials., Evoked Potentials, Adaptive Filtering of., Evolutionary Algorithms., Exercise Hyperpnea., Exercise Physiology., Extracellular Matrix., Extracorporeal Electrodes., Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation., Eye Movements., Fatigue., Fiber Optic Sensors., Flow in Healthy and Stenosed Arteries ., Flow Measurement., Force Measurement., Foreign Body Reaction ., Forward Problem., Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for Stroke Rehabilitation., Functional Optical Imaging of Intrinsic Signals in Cerebral Cortex., Fuzzy Neural Networks., F-Wave., Gait Patterns., Gait Retraining after Neurological Disorders ., Gene Expression Profiles, Nonlinear System Idenitification in., Genetic Algorithms ., Genomic Networks: Statistical Inference from Microarray Data., Haptic Devices and Interfaces., Haptic Interaction in Medical Virtual Environments., Health Care Technology for the Developing World., Heart Rate Variability (HRV)., Heart Rate Variability (HRV): Nonlinear HRV., Heart Rate Variability (HRV): Sleep Disordered Breathing., Heart Sounds and Stethoscopes., Heart Valve Tissue Engineering., Hemodialysis and Hemofiltration., Hidden Markov Models., Higher-Order Spectral Analysis., Higher-Order Statistics., Hilbert Transform., Hippocampus., Home Telehealth: Telematics-Supported Services., Homecare., Human Brain Interface: Signal Processing and Machine Learning., Human Factors Engineering., Human Motion Analysis., Human Nervous System, Noninvasive Coupling of Electronically Generated Data into., Hypercapnia., Hypertension: Time-Frequency Analysis for Early Diagnosis., Hypoxia., Image Coding., Independent Component Analysis., Information Retrieval in Biomedical Research., Intelligent Mobility Aids., Intelligent Patient Monitoring., Intestinal Motility., Ionic Channels., Ionizing Radiation, Biological Effects of., Ischemia., Knee Meniscus, Biomechanics of., Knowledge Engineering., Lung Tissue Viscoelasticity., Lyapunov Exponent., Magnetic Resonance Current Density Imaging., Magnetic Resonance - Electrical Impedance Tomography., Mammography., Markov Chains., Maximum Likelihood Estimation., Mechanical Testing., Mechanomyography., Medical Device Acquisition., Medical Device Industry., Medical Devices, Design and Modification of ., Medical Devices: Regulations, Codes and Standards., Medical Expert Systems., Medical Robotics in Surgery ., Meniscal Replacements., Metabolites, Noninvasive Optical Mea surements of., Microarray Data Analysis., Microfluidics., Micromechanical Devices., Microsensors and Nanosensors., Microvessel Permeability., Microwave Imaging., Molecular Electronics., Motor Unit., MRI Safety., Multimodal Presentation of Biomedical Data., Multiphoton Microscopy., Multivariate Biomedical Signal Processing., Muscle Fiber Conduction Velocity., Muscle Pain., Muscle Sensory Receptors., Muscle, Skeletal., Musculoskeletal Cell Mechanics., Myoelectric Control of Powered Upper Limb Prostheses., Myoelectric Manifestations of Muscle Fatigue., Myoelectric Signal Processing., Nanometer-Scale Probes., Nanoparticles in Biomedical Photonics., Nanophase Materials., Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging., Nernst Potential., Nerve Stimulation., Neural Control of Assistive Technology., Neural Networks., Neural Networks: Applications in Biomedical Engineering., Neuromuscular Coordination in Gait, EMG Analysis of., Neuromuscular Stimulation., Neuromuscular Systems., Noise in Instrumentation., Nonionizing Radiation., Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Electrical Stimulation Treatment., Oculomotor Control., Optical Microscopy., Optoelectronics., Orthopedic Bone Cement., Orthotics., Parametric Adaptive Identification and Kalman Filter., Pattern Classification., Pattern Recognition., Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Control., Phase Unwrapping., Photodiodes., Photomultipliers., Photovoltaic Cells., Piezoelectric Actuators., Piezoelectric Devices in Biomedical Applications., Platelet-Rich Plasma in Bone Repair., Plethysmography., Positron Emission Tomography (PET)., Pressure Sensors., Probability Distributions., Prosthetic Devices and Methods., Protein Structure, Folding, and Conformation., Proteomics., Pulmonary Mechanics., Pulmonary Medicine, Applications of Biomedical Engineering to., Pulse Oximetry., Radiation Safety ., Radiofrequency Energy, Biological Effects of., Radon Transform ., Recurrence Quantification Analysis., Rehabilitation Biomechanics., Rehabilitation Engineering: An Overview., Resorbable Materials in Orthopedic Surgery., Respiration Measurements., Respiratory Related Evoked Potentials., Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia., Risk Management., Risk Management for Medical Devices., Robotic Rehabilitation Therapy ., Robotic Surgery., Sampling Theorem and Aliasing in Biomedical Signal Processing ., Scaffolds for Cell and Tissue Engineering., Semiconductor-Based Implantable Prosthetic Devices., Sensor Biocompatibility and Biofouling in Real-Time Monitoring., Sensory Aids., Sepsis., Simulation Languages., Skin., Skin Lesions: Burns., Sleep., Sleep Apnea: Detection and Classification of Infant Patterns., Sleep Apnea Syndrome., Sleep Laboratory., Soft Tissue Scaffolds., Software Agents., Software Engineering., Space Physiology., Spasticity and Upper Motor Neuron Dysfunction., Spinal Cord Stimulation Systems., State-Space Methods., Stenosis and Thrombosis., Stress., Substrate Arrays of Microelectrodes for In Vitro Electrophysiology., Surface Electromyography (EMG) Signal Processing., Surface Electrostimulation Electrodes., Sutures., Technology Assessment of Medical Devices., Telemedicine., Telemedicine in Emergency Medical Services., Telemedicine: Teleconsultation between Medical Professionals., Telemedicine: Ubiquitous Patient Care., Telesurgery., Temperature Sensors., Temporomandibular Joint Disc., Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Biomaterials., Tissue Engineering., Tissue Engineering of Blood Vessels., Tissue Engineering of Cardiac Tissues., Tissue Engineering of Kidney, Bladder, and Urethra., Tissue Mechanics., Tissue-Engineered Bone., Tissue-Engineered Liver., Tissue-Engineered Peripheral Nerve., Tissues, Electrical Properties of., Titanium and Titanium Alloys ., Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation., Transcutaneous Magnetic Coupling of Power and Data., Transport Across Endothelial Barriers, Modeling of., Trees, Evolutionary., Ultrasonic Imaging., Ultrasonic Imaging of Carotid Atherosclerosis., Ultrasonic Transducers For Medical Imaging., Upper Airway Mechanics., Vascular and Capillary Endothelium ., Vascular Mechanics., Vascular Networks., Vector Quantization., Venous Air Embolism: Detection via Wavelet Transform., Ventilatory Pattern Variability in Mammals., Virtual Instrumentation., Virtual Reality., Viscoelasticity., Voice Analysis., Wearable Medical Devices., Wheelchair Engineering., Wide Area Networks., Wireless Biomedical Sensing., Wound Healing., Xenotransplantation.
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    1049 2010-01-07 23:28:55 2010-01-07 17:58:55 open open wiley-encyclopedia-of-biomedical-engineering-6-volume-set publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262887140 email_notification 1262887135 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    PRINCIPLES OF TISSUE ENGINEERING By Robert Lanza, Robert Langer, Joseph Vacanti http://biomedikal.in/principles-of-tissue-engineering-by-robert-lanza-robert-langer-joseph-vacanti/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 18:15:04 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1052

    COMPLETE INFORMATION ABOUT THE BOOK

    First published in 1997, Principles of Tissue Engineering is the widely recognized definitive resource in the field. The third edition provides a much needed update of the rapid progress that has been achieved in the field, combining the prerequisites for a general understanding of tissue growth and development, the tools and theoretical information needed to design tissues and organs, as well as a presentation by the worlds experts of what is currently known about each specific organ system. This edition includes greatly expanded focus on stem cells, including adult and embryonic stem cells and progenitor populations that may soon lead to new tissue engineering therapies for heart disease, diabetes, and a wide variety of other diseases that afflict humanity. This up-to-date coverage of stem cell biology and other emerging technologies is complemented by a series of new chapters on recent clinical experience in applying tissueengineering. The result is a comprehensive textbook that we believe will be useful to students and experts alike. *Organized into twenty parts that cover the basics of tissue growth and development, approaches to tissue and organ design, and a summary of current knowledge by organ system *Thoroughly revised and updated *Includes new chapters on biomaterial-protein interactions, nanocomposite and three-dimensional scaffolds, skin substitutes, spinal cord, vision enhancement, and heart valves *Expanded coverage of adult and embryonic stem cells of the cardiovascular, hematopoietic, musculoskeletal, nervous, and other organ systems *Full color presentation throughout Review: Indispensable for the Serious Scientist, whether Clinicial or Basic Principles of Tissue Engineering, Third Edition This text is so well written and organized that it virtually defines the frontiers of the life sciences for the next 100 years, an era that promises to deliver to mankind what our fellow humans only dreamed about for millennia. Truly this text is a milestone in what others have termed "The Century of the Biologist". As a craniofacial and dentoalveolar applied biologist I have shared the information in this book with my patients who not only marvel at the phenomenal explosion of data but also the practial applications that it explains and justifies. If you consider yourself an intellectual clinician, a dedicated educator of life science( at any pedagogical level) or commited basic scientists this text is the kind of absolutely requied reading you would voluntarily purchase for the thrill of free inquiry that feeds the disquiet spirits of the insatiably curious mind. Each edition will prove, no doubt, to be as eagerly anticipated by serious scientists as devotees and readers of television soap operas or mystery novels awaiting the next development in a captivating plot. For those of us in the "real world" of clinical translational studies we are proud and privileged to have such fertile and generous minds behind our professional endeavors and scholastic avocations. DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE
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    1052 2010-01-07 23:45:04 2010-01-07 18:15:04 open open principles-of-tissue-engineering-by-robert-lanza-robert-langer-joseph-vacanti publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262888794 email_notification 1262888104 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    TISSUE ENGINEERING By John P. Fisher, Antonios G. Mikos, Joseph D. Bronzino http://biomedikal.in/tissue-engineering-by-john-p-fisher-antonios-g-mikos-joseph-d-bronzino/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 18:25:33 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1058 BOOK DESCRIPTION Increasingly viewed as the future of medicine, the field of tissue engineering is still in its infancy. As evidenced in both the scientific and popular press, read.freeduan.com there exists considerable excitement surrounding the strategy of regenerativemedicine . To achieve its highest potential, a series of technological advances must be made. Putting the numerous breakthroughs made in this field into a broad context, TissueEngineering disseminates current thinking on the development of engineered tissues. Divided into three sections, the book covers the fundamentals of tissue engineering, enabling technologies, and tissue engineering applications. It examines the properties of stem cells, primary cells, growth factors, and extracellular matrix as well as their impact on the development of tissue engineered devices. Contributions focus on those strategies typically incorporated into tissue engineered devices or utilized in theirdevelopment, including scaffolds, nanocomposites, bioreactors, drug delivery systems, and gene therapy techniques. Finally, the book presents synthetic tissues and organs that are currently under development for regenerative medicine applications. The ability to engineer biocompatible tissue is the hallmark of modern biomedical engineering, integrating all aspects of every sub-discipline in the field. Featuring chapters drawn from the third edition of the best-selling Handbook of BiomedicalEngineering as well as new contributions not found in the handbook, Tissue Engineering surveys the latest advances in this relatively young area. The contributing authors are a diverse group with backgrounds in academia, clinicalmedicine , and industry. Furthermore, the text includes contributions from Europe, Asia, and North America, helping to broaden the views on thedevelopment and application of tissue engineered devices. DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE EASYSHARE
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    1058 2010-01-07 23:55:33 2010-01-07 18:25:33 open open tissue-engineering-by-john-p-fisher-antonios-g-mikos-joseph-d-bronzino publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262889701 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262888734 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    NANO AND MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS By Sergey Edward Lyshevski http://biomedikal.in/nano-and-micro-electromechanical-systems-by-sergey-edward-lyshevski/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 18:42:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1065

    Book overview

    Society is approaching and advancing nano- and microtechnology from various angles of science and engineering. The need for further fundamental, applied, and experimental research is matched by the demand for quality references that capture the multidisciplinary and multifaceted nature of the science.Presenting cutting-edge information that is applicable to many fields, Nano- and Micro-Electromechanical Systems: Fundamentals of Nano and Microengineering, Second Edition builds the theoretical foundation for understanding, modeling, controlling, simulating, and designing nano- and microsystems. The book focuses on the fundamentals of nano- and microengineering and nano- and microtechnology. It emphasizes the multidisciplinary principles of NEMS and MEMS and practical applications of the basic theory in engineering practice and technology development.Significantly revised to reflect both fundamental and technological aspects, this second edition introduces the concepts, methods, techniques, and technologies needed to solve a wide variety of problems related to high-performance nano- and microsystems. The book is written in a textbook style and now includes homework problems, examples, and reference lists in every chapter, as well as a separate solutions manual. It is designed to satisfy the growing demands of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals in the fields of nano- and microengineering, and to enable them to contribute to the nanotechnology revolution.
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    1065 2010-01-08 00:12:24 2010-01-07 18:42:24 open open nano-and-micro-electromechanical-systems-by-sergey-edward-lyshevski publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262889772 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262889755 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    BIO-MEMS TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS BY WANJUN WANG, STEVEN A.SOPER http://biomedikal.in/bio-mems-technologies-and-applications-by-wanjun-wang-steven-a-soper/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 18:53:42 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1069

    Book overview

    Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are evolving into highly integrated technologies for a variety of application areas. Add the biological dimension to the mix and a host of new problems and issues arise that require a broad understanding of aspects from basic, materials, and medical sciences in addition to engineering. Collecting the efforts of renowned leaders in each of these fields, BioMEMS: Technologies and Applications presents the first wide-reaching survey of the design and application of MEMS technologies for use in biological and medical areas.This book considers both the unique characteristics of biological samples and the challenges of microscale engineering. Divided into three main sections, it first examines fabrication technologies using non-silicon processes, which use materials that are appropriate for medical/biological analyses. These include UV lithography, LIGA, nanoimprinting, injection molding, and hot-embossing. Attention then shifts to microfluidic components and sensing technologies for sample preparation, delivery, and analysis. The final section outlines various applications and systems at the leading edge of BioMEMS technology in a variety of areas such as genomics, drug delivery, and proteomics.Laying a cross-disciplinary foundation for further development, BioMEMS: Technologies and Applications provides engineers with an understanding of the biological challenges and biological scientists with an understanding of the engineering challenges of this burgeoning technology.
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    1069 2010-01-08 00:23:42 2010-01-07 18:53:42 open open bio-mems-technologies-and-applications-by-wanjun-wang-steven-a-soper publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262890427 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262890423 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SENSORY ORGAN REPLACEMENT AND REPAIR BY GERARD E.MILLER ( GOOD BOOK FOR ALL SENSORY REPLACEMENTS & BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES) http://biomedikal.in/sensory-organ-replacement-and-repair-by-gerald-e-miller-good-book-for-all-sensory-replacements/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:03:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1073 Book overview
    The senses of human hearing and sight are often taken for granted by many individuals until they are lost or adversely affected. Millions of individuals suffer from partial or total hearing loss and millions of others have impaired vision. The technologies associated with augmenting these two human senses range from simple hearing aids to complex cochlear implants, and from (now commonplace) intraocular lenses to complex artificial corneas. Sensory Organs addresses the areas of human hearing and human sight in detail, also describing the associated array of technologies.
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    1073 2010-01-08 00:33:52 2010-01-07 19:03:52 open open sensory-organ-replacement-and-repair-by-gerald-e-miller-good-book-for-all-sensory-replacements publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262891170 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262891045 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MRI BASIC PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS (2ND EDITION) http://biomedikal.in/mri-basic-principles-and-applications-2nd-edition/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:29:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1078 Book overview
    MRI Basic Principles and Applications Second Edition Mark A. Brown, PhD and Richard C. Semelka, MD This updated edition provides a bridge between the theory of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its implementation in commercial scanners. As with its popular predecessor, MRI: Basic Principles and Applications, Second Edition integrates a clear discussion of the basic physics of MRI, including resonance absorption, relaxation, and pulse sequences, with an overview of the guiding principles of its clinical application (such as motion artifact reduction and fat suppression techniques). With over 80 images and numerous line drawings illustrating and clarifying key concepts and applications, MRI: Basic Principles and Applications, Second Edition remains an essential introductory text for radiologists, technologists, and radiology residents. From reviews of the First Edition "This book is well written and presents difficult concepts in an understandable fashion. It makes it easy for those with science backgrounds to understand clinical MR applications and for clinicians to understand the basics of MR physics." -Radiation Research Related Titles Clinical MR Spectroscopy: First Principles Nouha Salibi, PhD and Mark A. Brown, PhD Acquaints readers with the basic concepts of MR spectroscopy and provides guidelines for its clinical use PACS: Basic Principles and Applications H. K. Huang, DSc Integrates a comprehensive introduction to the imaging modalities and technical fundamentals of "filmless radiology" with guidelines for designing and implementing a PACS system
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
    DOWNLOAD BOOK
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    1078 2010-01-08 00:59:56 2010-01-07 19:29:56 open open mri-basic-principles-and-applications-2nd-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263223798";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263223803";}";"; _edit_lock 1262892855 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262892600 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MASTERING MRI: THE MUSCULOSKELTAL SYSTEM (CD ROM) http://biomedikal.in/mastering-mri-the-musculoskeltal-system-cd-rom/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:44:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1094 THIS IS AN INFORMATIVE COLLECTION ABOUT THE MRI Price: $250.00 BUT FOR YOU ITS  FREE DOWNLOAD LINKS ==> Download 28 mb part 1 ==> Download 28 mb part 2 ==> Download 28 mb part 3 ==> Download 28 mb part 4 ==> Download 28 mb part 5 ==> Download 28 mb part 6 ==> Download 8 mb part 7
    CREDIT GOES TO
    Munatih thats why PASSWORD:www.munatih-alsahab.blogspot.com
    ]]>
    1094 2010-01-08 01:14:34 2010-01-07 19:44:34 open open mastering-mri-the-musculoskeltal-system-cd-rom publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1262893478 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262894528 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ECHO-DOPPLER CD ROM - FRENCH & ENGLISH EDITION http://biomedikal.in/echo-doppler-cd-rom-french-english-edition/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:51:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1096
    ==> Download 31 mb part 1 ==> Download 31 mb part 2 ==> Download 31 mb part 3 ==> Download 31 mb part 4 ==> Download 31 mb part 5 ==> Download 31 mb part 6 ==> Download 28 mb part 7
    CREDIT GOES TO
    Munatih thats why PASSWORD:www.munatih-alsahab.blogspot.com
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    1096 2010-01-08 01:21:41 2010-01-07 19:51:41 open open echo-doppler-cd-rom-french-english-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 geo_public 1 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262895036 email_notification 1262893901 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MASTERING MRI:CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CD ROM) http://biomedikal.in/mastering-mricentral-nervous-system-cd-rom/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 19:54:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1102
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
    ==> Download 27 mb part 1 ==> Download 27 mb part 2 ==> Download 27 mb part 3 ==> Download 27 mb part 4 ==> Download 22 mb part 5
    CREDIT GOES TO
    Munatih thats why PASSWORD:www.munatih-alsahab.blogspot.com
    ]]>
    1102 2010-01-08 01:24:59 2010-01-07 19:54:59 open open mastering-mricentral-nervous-system-cd-rom publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262894936 email_notification 1262894102 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    MRI of the Brain and Spine by Scott W. Atlas 3rd Edition (CD ROM) http://biomedikal.in/mri-of-the-brain-and-spine-by-scott-w-atlas-3rd-edition-cd-rom/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 20:10:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1107
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
    ==> Download mb 37 part 1
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    CREDIT GOES TO
    Munatih thats why PASSWORD:www.munatih-alsahab.blogspot.com
    ]]>
    1107 2010-01-08 01:40:19 2010-01-07 20:10:19 open open mri-of-the-brain-and-spine-by-scott-w-atlas-3rd-edition-cd-rom publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262895023 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262895020 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    WHOLE BODY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) CDROM 2ND EDITION http://biomedikal.in/whole-body-computed-tomography-ct-cdrom-2nd-edition/ Thu, 07 Jan 2010 20:23:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1111
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
    CREDIT GOES TO
    Munatih thats why PASSWORD:www.munatih-alsahab.blogspot.com
    ]]>
    1111 2010-01-08 01:53:21 2010-01-07 20:23:21 open open whole-body-computed-tomography-ct-cdrom-2nd-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262896183 _wpas_done_twitter 1 email_notification 1262895808 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON DEFIBRILLATOR http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-defibrillator/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 12:49:58 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1116 Defibrillator lecture notes 1 Defibrillator lecture notes 2 ]]> 1116 2010-01-08 18:19:58 2010-01-08 12:49:58 open open lecture-notes-on-defibrillator publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262955913 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262955004 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 SHORT AND PRECISE LECTURE NOTES ON ECG (ELECTROCARDIOGRAM) http://biomedikal.in/short-and-precise-lecture-notes-on-ecg-electrocardiogram/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 13:16:04 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1131 ECG is a very big topic to talk about but when you feel you need to breif up about ECG then you can refer to this post which contains the basic information about ecg useful for all the newbies in the field of biomedical instrumentation LECTURE NOTES LECTURE 1  (BASIC ECG) LECTURE 2 (SIGNAL PROCESSING IN ECG)
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    1131 2010-01-08 18:46:04 2010-01-08 13:16:04 open open short-and-precise-lecture-notes-on-ecg-electrocardiogram publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262956571 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1262956567 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    SHORT PRECISE & BEST LECTURE NOTES ON ELECTRO-SURGICAL UNIT(ESU) "DIATHERMY MACHINE" http://biomedikal.in/short-precise-best-lecture-notes-on-electro-surgical-unitesu-diathermy-machine/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 13:19:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1133 LECTURE NOTES  ON DIATHERMY MACHINE]]> 1133 2010-01-08 18:49:17 2010-01-08 13:19:17 open open short-precise-best-lecture-notes-on-electro-surgical-unitesu-diathermy-machine publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262956765 email_notification 1262956759 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS(GOOD FOR BIOMEDICAL JOBS ASPIRANTS) COVERS DIFFERENT BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS http://biomedikal.in/troubleshooting-guide-for-biomedical-instrumentsgood-for-biomedical-jobs-aspirants-covers-different-biomedical-equipments/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 13:39:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1135
  • WHAT SHOULD YOU HAVE TO BE A TROUBLESHOOTER OF BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT?
  • PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
  • PRINCIPLES OF TROUBLESHOOTING
  • LOGICAL APPROACH TO TROUBLESHOOTING
  • CIRCUIT BOARD TROUBLESHOOTING
  • TRANSDUCERS TROUBLESHOOTING
  • ECG TROUBLESHOOTING
  • EEG TROUBLESHOOTING
  • DEFIBRILLATORS TROUBLESHOOTING
  • ELECTRO SURGICAL UNIT (DIATHERMY MACHINE) TROUBLESHOOTING
  • DOWNLOAD THE GUIDE FOR BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS TROUBLESHOOTING DOWNLOAD LINK A SEPARATE GUIDE SPECIALLY FOR ECG MACHINE HAS ALSO BEEN ADDED TO IT FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF STUDENTS DOWNLOAD ECG TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE ECG TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
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    1135 2010-01-08 19:09:34 2010-01-08 13:39:34 open open troubleshooting-guide-for-biomedical-instrumentsgood-for-biomedical-jobs-aspirants-covers-different-biomedical-equipments publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262958941 email_notification 1262957980 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262960509";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262960509";}";";
    COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON XRAYS FOR ANY UNIVERSITY OF INDIA http://biomedikal.in/complete-lecture-notes-on-xrays-for-any-university-of-india/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 14:20:55 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1139 FUNDAMENTAL OF XRAYS
    1. PRODUCTION OF XRAYS
    2. PROPERTIES OF XRAYS
    3. UNITS OF X RAY RADIATION
    X RAY MACHINE
    • XRAY GENERATOR
    1. HIGH VOLTAGE GENERATION
    2. HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATION
    3. AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL
    • XRAY TUBE
    • HIGH TENSION CABLE
    • COLLIMATORS & GRIDS
    Download from below LECTURE 1 LECTURE 2 LECTURE 3 LECTURE 4 LECTURE 5
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    ]]>
    1139 2010-01-08 19:50:55 2010-01-08 14:20:55 open open complete-lecture-notes-on-xrays-for-any-university-of-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1262960726 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262960469 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ORIGIN OF BIOPOTENTIALS-BASIS OF FORMATION OF ALL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS http://biomedikal.in/origin-of-biopotentials-basis-of-formation-of-all-medical-equipments/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 15:28:02 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1142 The Origin of Biopotentials (Review of physiological concepts) •  Bioelectric phenomenon is  of immense importance to biomedical engineers because these potentials are routinely recorded in modern clinical practice. •  ECG (Electrocardiogram), EMG (Electromyogram), EEG (Electroencephalogram), ENG (Electroneurogram), EOG (Electro-oculogram), ERG (Electroretinogram), etc. are some examples of biopotentials. •  As engineers, we should have a good physical insight into the nature of electromagnetic fields generated by bioelectric sources. Therefore we could contribute to quantitative solution of biological problems. To understand the origin of biopotentials we need to focus on: •  Bioelectric phenomena at the cellular level •  Volume conductor fields of simple bioelectric sources •  Volume conductor fields of complex bioelectric sources •  Volume conductor fields as a necessary link between cellular activity and gross externally recorded biological signals TO READ MORE ABOUT THIS CLICK HERE
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    1142 2010-01-08 20:58:02 2010-01-08 15:28:02 open open origin-of-biopotentials-basis-of-formation-of-all-medical-equipments publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262964488 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1262964483 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262977575";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1262977579";}";";
    2 STATES-By CHETAN BHAGAT http://biomedikal.in/2-states-by-chetan-bhagat/ Fri, 08 Jan 2010 16:47:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1146

    Love marriages around the world are simple: Boy loves girl. Girl loves boy. They get married. In India, there are a few more steps: Boy loves Girl. Girl loves Boy. Girl’s family has to love boy. Boy’s family has to love girl. Girl’s Family has to love Boy’s Family. Boy’s family has to love girl’s family. Girl and Boy still love each other. They get married.

    Welcome to 2 States, a story about Krish and Ananya. They are from two different states of India, deeply in love and want to get married. Of course, their parents don’t agree. To convert their love story into a love marriage, the couple have a tough battle in front of them. For it is easy to fight and rebel, but it is much harder to convince. Will they make it?

    From the author of blockbusters Five Point Someone, One Night @ the Call Center and The 3 Mistakes of My Life, comes another witty tale about inter-community marriages in modern India.

    Download : 2 States by Chetan Bhagat

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    1146 2010-01-08 22:17:26 2010-01-08 16:47:26 open open 2-states-by-chetan-bhagat publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1262969505 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1262969254 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    IBM INDIA SUMMER INTERNSHIP PROGRAM 2010 (LAST DATE 15 JANUARY 2010) http://biomedikal.in/ibm-india-summer-internship-program-2010-last-date-15-january-2010/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 07:18:25 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1150 DESCRIPTION OF INTERNSHIP IBM Research - India invites applications for 2010 Summer Internship Program from students interested in all areas of Computer Science and related fields at their locations in New Delhi, Bangalore and Hyderabad. They are seeking highly motivated undergraduate and post graduate students, who are interested in experiencing an exciting summer of research. The selected students will have the opportunity to work closely with an outstanding research team on challenging problems that range from leading-edge exploratory work to prototyping real-world systems and application. During the internship, the students will also have the opportunity to participate in the dynamic technical environment of the largest Industrial Research organization in the world and network with other top students from many different fields and universities.

    SUBJECTS IN WHICH INTERNSHIP IS GIVEN

    They offer internship positions in following research groups:
    1. High Performance Computing
    2. Information Management
    3. Infrastructure Management Services
    4. Next Generation Systems & Smarter Planet Solutions
    5. Analytics for services
    6. Software Service Technologies
    7. Services Science
    8. Telecom Research

    TIMELINES OF PROGRAM

    Application Deadline: Jan 15, 2010 Selection Process: Jan 15 – Feb 28, 2010 Offer Processing: March, 2010 Internship program: May – Aug

    HOW TO APPLY?

    Applications along with your latest CV and the application form can be sent to urirl@in.ibm.com. Please visit the given website for more details. WEBSITE http://www.research.ibm.com/irl/summer_intenrship.html' EMAIL ADDRESS urirl@in.ibm.com
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    1150 2010-01-09 12:48:25 2010-01-09 07:18:25 open open ibm-india-summer-internship-program-2010-last-date-15-january-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263022104 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263021506 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows By Mark Thiriet http://biomedikal.in/biology-and-mechanics-of-blood-flows-2/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 09:36:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/09/biology-and-mechanics-of-blood-flows-2/

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Biology and Mechanics of Blood Flows presents the basic knowledge and state-of-the-art techniques necessary to carry out investigations of the cardiovascular system using modeling and simulation. Part I of this two-volume sequence, Biology, addresses the nanoscopic and microscopic scales. The nanoscale corresponds to the scale of biochemical reaction cascades involved in cell adaptation to mechanical stresses among other stimuli. The microscale is the scale of stress-induced tissue remodeling associated with acute or chronic loadings. The cardiovascular system, like any physiological system, has a complicated three-dimensional structure and composition. Its time dependent behavior is regulated, and this complex system has many components. In this authoritative work, the author provides a survey of relevant cell components and processes, with detailed coverage of the electrical and mechanical behaviors of vascular cells, tissues, and organs. Because the behaviors of vascular cells and tissues are tightly coupled to the mechanics of flowing blood, the major features of blood flows and the Navier-Stokes equations of mass and momentum conservation are introduced at the conclusion of this volume. This book will appeal to any biologist, chemist, physics or applied mathematician with an interest in the functioning of the cardiovascular system.

    DOWNLOAD LINKS RAPIDSHARE
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    1156 2010-01-09 15:06:22 2010-01-09 09:36:22 open open biology-and-mechanics-of-blood-flows-2 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 geo_public 0 _edit_lock 1263030976 email_notification 1263029783 _edit_last 11062180
    BIOMATERIALS PAPERS http://biomedikal.in/summary-of-paper-from-biomaterials-journal/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 09:55:25 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1158 Chemically crosslinkable thermosensitive

    polyphosphazene gels as injectable materials

    for biomedical applications

    FULL PAPER: DOWNLOAD HERE SUMMARY: DOWNLOAD HERE
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    1158 2010-01-09 15:25:25 2010-01-09 09:55:25 open open summary-of-paper-from-biomaterials-journal publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263031492 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263030926 geo_public 0
    SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS & DEVICES BASIC PRINCIPLES BY DONALD A.NEAMEN http://biomedikal.in/semiconductor-physics-devices-basic-principles-by-donald-a-neamen/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 10:05:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1157 BOOK PREVIEW
    [scribd id=15347863 key=key-6nqzpsm5tluzzcfl6x3]

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    Neamen's Semiconductor Physics and Devices, Third Edition. deals with the electrical properties and characteristics of semiconductor materials and devices. The goal of this book is to bring together quantum mechanics, the quantum theory of solids, semiconductor material physics, and semiconductor device physics in a clear and understandable way.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Prologue Semiconductor and the Integrated Circuit 1 The Crystal Structure of Solids 2 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 3 Introduction to the Quantum Theory of Solids 4 The Semiconductor in Equilibrium 5 Carrier Transport Phenomena 6 Nonequilibrium Excess Carriers in Semiconductors 7 The pn Junction 8 The pn Junction Diode 9 Metal-Semiconductor and Semiconductor Heterojunctions 10 The Bipolar Transistor 11 Fundamentals of the Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor 12 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor: Additional Concepts 13 The Junction Field-Effect Transistor 14 Optical Devices 15 Semiconductor Power Devices Appendix A Selected List of Symbols Appendix B System of Units, Conversion Factors, and General Constants Appendix C The Periodic Table Appendix D The Error Function Appendix E "Derivation" of Schrodinger's Wave Equation Appendix F Unit of Energy- The Electron-Volt Appendix G Answers to Selected Problems
    DOWNLOAD LINKS
    MIHD
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    1157 2010-01-09 15:35:59 2010-01-09 10:05:59 open open semiconductor-physics-devices-basic-principles-by-donald-a-neamen publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1263031189 _edit_lock 1263031819 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program 2010 http://biomedikal.in/world-bank-graduate-scholarship-program-2010/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 10:21:20 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1015 DESCRIPTION Introduction: In 1987, the World Bank, with funding from the Government of Japan, established the World Bank Graduate Scholarship for graduate studies in subjects related to economic development. Each year, the Program awards scholarships to individuals from World Bank member countries to undertake graduate studies at renowned universities throughout member countries of the Bank. Now in its 23d year, the Regular Program has awarded 3,153 scholarships, selected from 58,944 applicants. In addition, 1,226 scholarships have been awarded in the various JJ/WBGSP Partnership Programs for a total of 4,379 awards. Eligibility: To apply for a JJ/WBGSP scholarship under the Regular Program, an applicant must: * Be a national of a World Bank member country eligible to borrow. * Be born after March 31, 1970. * Have, by March 31, 2010, at least 2, preferably 4 to 5, years of recent full time professional experience acquired after a university degree, in the applicant’s home country or in another developing country. * Hold a bachelor’s degree or its equivalent. * Be in good health. * Be of good character. * Not be a permanent resident or a national of any industrialized country. * Not be residing in an industrialized country for more than one year. Awards: The JJ/WBGSP scholarship provides annual awards to cover the cost of completing a master’s degree or its equivalent. The awards are given for one year and, provided that the academic program is longer than one year, may be renewed for a second consecutive year or a portion thereof, subject to satisfactory academic performance in the first year and the availability of funds. There is an absolute two year maximum limit on JJ/WBGSP awards. Selection Criteria: Eligible applications are assessed according to three main factors: academic excellence, professional experience, and relevance of program of study. Priority is given to candidates from the public sector with a high potential to impact the development in their own countries after completion of their studies. To the extent permitted by Program requirements and selection standards, the JJ/WBGSP: * Seeks to maintain a reasonably wide geographical distribution of awards and gives priority to applicants from low-income countries. * Supports promising female candidates. * Gives priority to those candidates who, other things equal, have limited financial resources. Contact: The World Bank Joint Japan/World Bank Graduate Scholarship Program 1818 H Street, NW – MSN J2-204 Washington, DC 20433 USA Email: jjwbgsp@worldbank.org Contact Number: +1 (202) 473-6849
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    1015 2010-01-09 15:51:20 2010-01-09 10:21:20 open open world-bank-graduate-scholarship-program-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263034083 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263032480 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049457";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049459";}";";
    LECTURE NOTES FROM ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT ANALYSIS BY DONALD A.NEAMEN (SPECIALLY ADDED FOR MDU ROHTAK STUDENTS) http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-from-electronics-circuit-analysis-by-donald-a-neamen-specially-added-for-mdu-rohtak-students/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 10:26:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1166 Book overview
    This junior-level electronics text provides a foundation for analyzing and designing analog and digital electronic circuits. Computer analysis and design are recognized as significant factors in electronics throughout the book. The use of computer tools is presented carefully, alongside the important hand analysis and calculations. The author, Don Neamen, has many years experience as an enginering educator and an engineer. His experience shines through each chapter of the book, rich with realistic examples and practical rules of thumb.The book is divided into three parts. Part 1 covers semiconductor devices and basic circuit applications. Part 2 covers more advanced topics in analog electronics, and Part 3 considers digital electronic circuits.

    CHAPTER 1(INTRODUCTION)

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    CHAPTER 3(DIODE CIRCUITS)

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    CHAPTER 5(BASIC BJT AMPLIFIERS)

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    CHAPTER 6(FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR)

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    1166 2010-01-09 15:56:31 2010-01-09 10:26:31 open open lecture-notes-from-electronics-circuit-analysis-by-donald-a-neamen-specially-added-for-mdu-rohtak-students publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263034809 email_notification 1263032801 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049454";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049454";}";";
    HANDBOOK OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING VOLUME II & III http://biomedikal.in/handbook-of-biomedical-engineering-volume-ii-iii/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 12:01:29 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1177

    The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, 3rd Edition (Volume 2 & 3) Summary:

    CRC | ISBN 0849321220 | 3rd edition (April 19, 2006) | PDF | 25 Mb | 1376 pages CRC | ISBN 0849321239 | 3rd edition (May 1, 2006) | PDF | 25 Mb | 1304 pages
    The Biomedical Engineering Handbook enters its third edition as a set of three carefully focused and conveniently organized books. Reviewing applications at the leading edge of modernbiomedical engineering, Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs explores transport phenomena, biomimetics systems, biotechnology, prostheses, artificial organs, and ethical issues. The book features approximately 90% new material in the tissue engineering section, integrates coverage of life sciences with a new section on molecular biology, and includes a new section on bionanotechnology. Prominent leaders from around the world share their expertise in their respective fields with many new and updated chapters. Already referred to as the "bible" of biomedical engineering, the third edition of The Biomedical Engineering Handbook is even more vast in its scope and depth than the previous two editions. Ranging from the theoretical to state-of-the-art applications, this edition includes so much new and updated material that it has expanded from two volumes into a three-volume set. The author again employs an interdisciplinary approach to the field. The second volume, Medical Devices and Systems has been updated to reflect the most recent advances in both research and practice in all pertinent fields. It authoritatively covers sensor and imaging technologies, signal analysis, medical instrumentation, and much more. DOWNLOAD LINKS Medical Devices and Systems Download from Uploading or Download from HotFile or Download from Megaupload ---------------------------------- Tissue Engineering and Artificial Organs Download from Uploading or Download from HotFile or Download from Megaupload
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    1177 2010-01-09 17:31:29 2010-01-09 12:01:29 open open handbook-of-biomedical-engineering-volume-ii-iii publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263038858 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1263038489 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049487";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049487";}";";
    SENSORS,NANOSCIENCE,BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING & INSTRUMENTS BY RICHARD C.DORF http://biomedikal.in/sensorsnanosciencebiomedical-engineering-instruments/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 12:21:01 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1181

    ABOUT THE BOOK

    In two editions spanning more than a decade, The Electrical Engineering Handbook stands as the definitive reference to the multidisciplinary field of electrical engineering. Our knowledge continues to grow, and so does the Handbook. For the third edition, it has expanded into a set of six books carefully focused on a specialized area or field of study. Each book represents a concise yet definitive collection of key concepts, models, and equations in its respective domain, thoughtfully gathered for convenient access. Sensors, Nanoscience, Biomedical Engineering, and Instruments provides thorough coverage of sensors, materials and nanoscience, instruments and measurements, and biomedical systems and devices, including all of the basic information required to thoroughly understand each area. It explores the emerging fields of sensors, nanotechnologies, and biological effects. Each article includes defining terms, references, and sources of further information. Encompassing the work of the world’s foremost experts in their respective specialties, Sensors, Nanoscience, Biomedical Engineering, and Instruments features the latest developments, the broadest scope of coverage, and new material on multisensor data fusion and MEMS and NEMS.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Sensors, Materials, and Nanoscience Sensors . Introduction; Rosemary L. Smith .     Electrochemical Sensors; Bryan Stewart Hobbs .     The Stannic Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensor; J. Watson An Introduction to Multi-Sensor Data Fusion; David L. Hall and James Llinas Magnetooptics; David Young and Yuan Pu Materials and Nanoscience . Carbon Nanotubes; M. Meyyappan .     Modeling MEMS and NEMS; John Pelesko .     Micromechatronics; Victor Giurgiutiu and Sergey Edward Lyshevski .     Nanocomputers, Nanoarchitectronics, and NanoICs; Sergey Edward Lyshevski .     Semiconductor Nano-electronics and Nano-Optoelectronics; Nelson Tansu, Ronald Arif, and Zhian Jin Instruments and Measurements . Explosion-Proof Instruments; Sam S. Khalilieh, P.E. .     Portable Instruments and Systems; Halit Eren .     G (LabVIEW™) Software Engineering; Christopher G. Relf Reliability Engineering; B.S. Dhillon Biomedical Systems Introduction; Joseph D. Bronzino Bioelectricity . Neuroelectric Principles; John A. White and Alan D. Dorval II .     Bioelectric Events; L.A. Geddes (revised by R.C. Barr) .     Biological Effects and Electromagnetic Fields; Bonnie Keillor Slaten and Dr. Frank Barnes .     Embedded Signal Processing; David R. Martinez, Robert A. Bond, and M. Michael Vai Biomedical Sensors; Michael R. Neuman Bioelectronics and Instruments . The Electroencephalogram; Joseph D. Bronzino .     The Electrocardiograph; Edward J. Berbari Tomography; M.D. Fox Mathematics, Symbols, and Physical Constants Introduction; Ronald J. Tallarida .     Greek Alphabet .     International System of Units (SI) .     Conversion Constants and Multipliers .     Physical Constants .     Symbols and Terminology for Physical and Chemical Quantities .     Credits .     Probability for Electrical and Computer Engineers; Charlie Therrien Index

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    1181 2010-01-09 17:51:01 2010-01-09 12:21:01 open open sensorsnanosciencebiomedical-engineering-instruments publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263039723 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263039672 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049531";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049532";}";";
    Sensors in biomedical applications: fundamentals, technology & applications By Gábor Harsányi http://biomedikal.in/sensors-in-biomedical-applications-fundamentals-technology-applications-by-gabor-harsanyi/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 12:37:44 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1186

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    While most books contain some information on related sensors topics, they are limited in their scope on biomedical sensors. Sensors in Biomedical Applications: Fundamentals, Design, Technology and Applications is the first systematized book to concentrate on all available and potential sensor devices of biomedical applications! Sensors in Biomedical Applications presents information on sensor types in a comprehensive and easy to understand format. The first four chapters concentrate on the basics, lending an understanding to operation and design principles of sensor elements. Introduced are sections on: basic terms, sensor technologies, sensor structure and sensing effects. The next three chapters describe application possibilities: physical sensors, sensors for measuring chemical qualities and biosensors. Finally, a chapter covers biocompatability, in addition to an appendix and glossary. Sensors in Biomedical Applications is the definitive reference book for a broad audience. All physicists, chemists and biologists interested in the chemical basis and effects of sensors will find this work invaluable. Biomedical engineers and sensor specialists will find the text useful in its pointed analysis of special design, processing and application problems. Physicians practicing with diagnostic tools will want to see the possibilities and limits of biomedical sensors. Finally, students of all of the above areas who wish to learn more about the basics of biomedical sensors need to have this book.

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    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Introduction Sensors And Their Characteristics Integrated And Smart Sensors: Up-To-Date Requirements Special Requirements Of Biomedical Applications Sensor Technologies Monolithic Semiconductor Technologies Ceramics Thin- And Thick-Film Technologies Processing Of Polymer Films Optical-Fiber Technologies Basic Sensor Structures Impedance-Type Structures Semiconductor Devices As Sensors Sensors Based On Acoustic-Wave Propagation Calorimetric Sensors Electrochemical Cells As Sensors Potentiometric Sensors Amperometric Sensors Other Types Of Electrochemical Measurements Sensors With Optical Waveguides Sensing Effects Thermoresistive Effects Thermoelectric Effect Other Thermoeffects Used In Sensors Piezoelectric Effect Electrets In Capacitive Transducers Pyroelectric Effect Piezoresistive Effect Hall Effect Further Effects For Sensing Magnetic Field Superconductor Quantum Interference Device (Squid) Radiation Induced Effects And Related Sensor Structures Adsorption And Absorption Of Chemical Species Selective Molecular Receptors Permeation Through Membranes Ion-Selective Membranes Chemical-Optical Transduction Effects Physical Sensors And Their Application In Biomedicine Measuring Temperature Measuring Core Temperature Surface Temperature Mapping Invasive Temperature Measurements Other Applications Of Temperature Sensors Skin Blood Flow Sensor Hot-Film Anemometry For Measuring Blood Flow Respiratory Flow Monitoring By Hot-Film Anemometry Mechanical Sensors In Biomedicine Noninvasive Blood Pressure Measurements Invasive Blood Pressure Sensors Mechanical Sensors In Spirometry Sensors For Pressure Pulses And Movement Measuring Internal Ocular Pressure Acoustic Sensors In Hearing Aids Sensors In Ultrasound Imaging Ultrasound Imaging Modes Ultrasound Transducers And Arrays Doppler-Sonography For Blood Flow Measurements Detectors In Radiology X-Ray Imaging With Sensors X-Ray Sensors In Computer Tomography Detectors In Nuclear Radiology Other Applications Of Nuclear Detectors Biomedical Applications Of Magnetic Field Sensors Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sensors For Recording Biomagnetism Magnetic Backprojection Imaging Further Applications Of Physical Sensors Electrodynamic Sensors For Blood Flow-Rate Sensors In Ophthalmoscopy Artificial Retina Tactile Sensors For Artificial Limbs Pick-Ups For Bioelectrical Measurements Microwave Tomography Sensors For Measuring Chemical Quantities In Biomedicine Sensors For Monitoring Blood Gases And Ph Operation Principles Of Electrochemical Cells Invasive Electrochemical Sensors Transcutaneous Electrochemical Sensors Optical Fiber Sensors Other Techniques Combined Sensors Optical Oximetry Theoretical Bases Of Blood Oximetry Invasive Oximetry Non-Invasive Ear-Oximetry Pulse Oximetry Other Oximetry Methods Other Applications Of Chemical Sensors Ionic Compounds In Blood And Other Secretions Chemical Parameters Of The Inner Eyelid Monitoring Ph In The Gastric Acid Measuring And Mapping Of Tissue Ph/Po2 Miscellaneous Gas Sensor Applications Biosensors Enzymatic Biosensors Theoretical Bases Time-Dependent And Stationary Measuring Methods Transducer Types Multi-Enzyme Reactions, Reagents In Enzymatic Processes Enzyme Immobilization Techniques Operation Characteristics Glucose Sensors Urea Sensors Other Enzymatic Sensor Types Application Perspectives Of Enzymatic Biosensors Affinity Biosensors Operation Principles Of Immunosensors Indirect (Labeled) Immunosensors Direct (Non-Labeled) Immunosensors Dna-Sensors Living Biosensors Microbial Biosensors Tissue-Based Sensors Microphysiometers Neuronal Biosensors Direct Methods For Monitoring Bioactive Compounds Direct Electrochemical Sensing Of Glucose Direct Optical Approaches Infrared Spectroscopy Biocompatibility Of Sensors Summary, Future Trends Appendix Glossary Of The Often Used Acronyms Index
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    1186 2010-01-09 18:07:44 2010-01-09 12:37:44 open open sensors-in-biomedical-applications-fundamentals-technology-applications-by-gabor-harsanyi publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263040673 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263040668 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049546";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049546";}";";
    BIOMATERIALS PAPER http://biomedikal.in/biomaterials-paper/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 12:57:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1189 Electrospun Chitosan-Based Nanofibers And Their Cellular Compatibility FULL PAPER: DOWNLOAD HERE SUMMARY BY SORAV BHATIA, MEHRAN NALIJYAN, GABRIELLE BUSTO. DOWNLOAD HERE ]]> 1189 2010-01-09 18:27:03 2010-01-09 12:57:03 open open biomaterials-paper publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263044396 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 email_notification 1263041823 FRAUD AND MISCONDUCT IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH BY STEPHEN LOCK,FRANK WELLS,MICHAEL FARTHING http://biomedikal.in/fraud-and-misconduct-in-biomedical-research-by-stephen-lockfrank-wellsmichael-farthing/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 12:58:04 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1190 CONTENTS OF BOOK Contributors vii Preface to the third edition ix Preface to the second edition x PART I SETTING THE SCENE 1 The concept of scientific dishonesty: ethics, value systems, and research 3 POVL RIIS 2 Regulations on scientific misconduct: lessons from the US experience 13 DRUMMOND RENNIE,C KRISTINA GUNSALUS 3 Pay cheques on a Saturday night: the changing politics and bureaucracy of research integrity in the United States 32 MARCEL C LA FOLLETTE PART II THE HISTORY OF FRAUD AND MISCONDUCT 4 Research misconduct 1974–1990: an imperfect history 51 STEPHEN LOCK 5 Counteracting research misconduct: a decade of British pharmaceutical industry action 64 FRANK WELLS PART III NATIONAL PRACTICAL ISSUES 6 A pharmaceutical company’s approach to the threat of research fraud 89 PETER BROCK 7 Role of the FDA, NIH, and other bodies in the United States 105 ARTHUR HOROWITZ8 The Danish committees on scientific dishonesty 126 HANS HENRIK BRYDENSHOLT 9 Scientific fraud and misconduct in Finland 131 VEIKKO LAUNIS 10 Experiences of fraud and misconduct in healthcare research in Norway 134 MAGNE NYLENNA 11 Dealing with misconduct in science: German efforts 140 STEFANIE STEGEMANN-BOEHL 12 Fraud and misconduct in medical research in France 152 JEAN-MARC HUSSON,JEAN-PAUL DEMAREZ PART IV ETHICS AND STATISTICS 13 The role of research ethics committees 173 JENNIFER BLUNT 14 Statistical aspects of the detection of fraud 186 STEPHEN EVANS PART V PERSONAL EXPERIENCES 15 Whistleblower 207 DAVID EDWARDS 16 Research fraud/misconduct: a glance at the human side 216 PETER JAY PART VI THE ROLE OF THE EDITOR 17 Fraud and misconduct in medical research: prevention 225 LESLEY H REES 18 Research misconduct: an editor’s view 244 MICHAEL FARTHING Appendix: Standard operating procedure (SOP) for the handling of suspected fraud/misconduct

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    1190 2010-01-09 18:28:04 2010-01-09 12:58:04 open open fraud-and-misconduct-in-biomedical-research-by-stephen-lockfrank-wellsmichael-farthing publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263041903 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263041894 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049560";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049560";}";";
    Embryonic Stem Cells By by John R. Masters, James A. Thomson, Bernhard O. Palsson http://biomedikal.in/embryonic-stem-cells/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 13:29:45 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1195

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Embryonic Stem Cells (Human Cell Culture) If you wish to grow or characterize embryonic stem cells or persuade them to differentiate into a particular cell type, then this book contains information that is vital to your success. The aim is to provide clear simple instructions and protocols for growing, maintaining and characterizing embryonic stem cells and details of the various methods used to make stem cells differentiate into specific cell types. The contents will be of interest to stem cell biologists, tissue engineers and scientists wishing to use embryonic stem cells for therapeutic purposes. Each chapter has been written and edited by internationally respected scientists working at the cutting edge of technological developments in human embryonic stem cells.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Preface     vii Defined Culture Media for Human Embryonic Stem Cells   Tenneille Ludwig   James A. Thomson     1 Generation of Disease-specific Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Stephen Minger     17 Characterization and Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells   Andrew L. Laslett   Adelia Lin   Martin F. Pera     27 Genetic Modification of Human Embryonic Stem Cells   Thomas P. Zwaka     41 Hematopoietic Differentiation   Chantal Cerdan   Veronica Ramos-Mejia   Mickie Bhatia     53 Neural Differentiation   Zhi-Jian Zhang   Jason S. Meyer   Su-Chun Zhang 85 Germ Cell Differentiation   Vanessa T. Angeles   Renee A. Reijo Pera     109 Mesodermal Differentiation   Nadav Sharon   Nissim Benvenisty     129 Three-dimensional Culture of Human Embryonic Stem Cells   Sharon Gerecht   Jason A. Burdick   Christopher Cannizzaro   Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic     149 Extraembryonic Cell Differentiation   Lyle Armstrong   Majlinda Lako     173 Pancreatic Cell Differentiation   Bettina Fishman   Hanna Segev   Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor     189 Cardiomyocyte Differentiation   Dinender K. Singla   Shreeya Jayaraman   Jianhua Zhang   Timothy J. Kamp     211 Human Embryonal Carcinoma (EC) Cells: Complementary Tools for Embryonic Stem Cell Research   Peter D. Tonge   Peter W. Andrews     235 Quality Control of Human Stem Cell Lines   Glyn N. Stacey     255 Index     277

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    1195 2010-01-09 18:59:45 2010-01-09 13:29:45 open open embryonic-stem-cells publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263045039 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 email_notification 1263043792 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049565";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049565";}";";
    Encyclopedia of Smart Materials [Volumes 1 and 2] M. Schwartz (2002) http://biomedikal.in/encyclopedia-of-smart-materials-vols-1-and-2-m-schwartz-2002/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 14:08:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1201

    DESCRIPTION OF BOOK

    Smart materials--materials and structures that can impart information about their environment to an observer or monitoring device--are revolutionizing fields as diverse as engineering, optics, and medical technology. Advances in smart materials are impacting disciplines across the scientific and technological landscape. Now, practictioners and researchers have an authoritative source to go to for answers about this emerging new area. Encyclopedia of Smart Materials provides A-to-Z coverage of the entire field of intelligent materials. Discussions of theory, fabrication, processing, applications, and uses of these unique materials are presented here in a collection of concise entries from the world's foremost experts in the field--including scientists, educators and engineers. This encyclopedia is as broad in scope as the technology itself, addressing daily, commercial applications as well as sophisticated units designed to operate in space, underwater, underground, and within the human body. Extensively cross-referenced and generously supplemented with bibliographies and indexes, this book's treatment also broaches the specialized properties and coatings that are required for the use of materials in extreme conditions. Illustrated with photographs, tables, line drawings, and equations, Encyclopedia of Smart Materials is the premier reference for material scientists, chemists, chemical engineers, process engineers, consultants, patent attorneys and students in these areas. An essential resource on the shelves of laboratories, government facilities, and academic libraries. Editor-in-Chief, Mel Schwartz has over forty years of experience with metals, ceramics, and composites, with special expertise in brazing. The holder of five patents, he has authored thirteen books and more than one hundred technical papers and articles.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Biomedical Sensing. Abstract. 1. Introduction. 2. Medical, Therapeutic, and Diagnostic Applications of Biosensors. 3. Polymers as Electrode Coatings and Biosensor Mediators. 4. Immobilization Techniques and Materials. 5. Smart Polymers for Immobilization and Bioconjugate Materials. 6. Biosensor Operation. 7. Glucose Sensors. 8. Other Analytes for Biological Sensing. 9. Modes of Response in Smart Polymers. 10. Molecular Imprinting. 11. Possibilities for Future Development. Bibliography. Figures. Tables. Wiley List Price: US $930.00 DOWNLOAD LINK RAPIDSHARE
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    1201 2010-01-09 19:38:27 2010-01-09 14:08:27 open open encyclopedia-of-smart-materials-vols-1-and-2-m-schwartz-2002 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263047236 _edit_last 11062180 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 email_notification 1263046108 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049567";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263049567";}";";
    INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BY JOHN ENDERLE http://biomedikal.in/introduction-to-biomedical-engineering-by-john-enderle/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 15:25:58 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1209

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    Under the direction of John Enderle, Susan Blanchard and Joe Bronzino, leaders in the field have contributed chapters on the most relevant subjects for biomedical engineering students. These chapters coincide with courses offered in all biomedical engineering programs so that it can be used at different levels for a variety of courses of this evolving field. Introduction to Biomedical Engineering, Second Edition provides a historical perspective of the major developments in the biomedical field. Also contained within are the fundamental principles underlying biomedical engineering design, analysis, and modeling procedures. The numerous examples, drill problems and exercises are used to reinforce concepts and develop problem-solving skills making this book an invaluable tool for all biomedical students and engineers. New to this edition: Computational Biology, Medical Imaging, Genomics and Bioinformatics.
    New to this edition: Computational Biology, Medical Imaging, Genomics and Bioinformatics. * 60% update from first edition to reflect the developing field of biomedical engineering * New chapters on Computational Biology, Medical Imaging, Genomics, and Bioinformatics * Companion site: intro-bme-book.bme.uconn.edu * MATLAB and SIMULINK software used throughout to model and simulate dynamic systems * Numerous self-study homework problems and thorough cross-referencing for easy use

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    PART1 PART2 PART3 PART4
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    1209 2010-01-09 20:55:58 2010-01-09 15:25:58 open open introduction-to-biomedical-engineering-by-john-enderle publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263050770 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263050761 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263051122";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263051122";}";";
    Introduction to medical electronics applications By D. Jennings http://biomedikal.in/introduction-to-medical-electronics-applications-by-d-jennings/ Sat, 09 Jan 2010 16:13:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1212

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    Medical electronics, or more specifically the instrumentation used in physiological measurement, has changed significantly over the last few years. Developments in electronics technology have offered new and enhanced applications, especially in the areas of data recording and analysis and imaging technology. These changes have been accompanied by more stringent legislation on safety and liability. This book is designed to meet the needs of students on the growing number of courses, undergraduate and MSc. It is a concise and accessible introduction offering a broad overview that encompasses the various contributing disciplines.

    CONTENTS

    Chapter 1: Physiology and Anatomy Chapter 2: Physiological Measurements Chapter 3: Computing Chapter 4: Imaging the Theory and the Modalities Chapter 5: Safety Chapter 6: Product Liability.

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    1212 2010-01-09 21:43:39 2010-01-09 16:13:39 open open introduction-to-medical-electronics-applications-by-d-jennings publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263054115 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263053622 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ABOUT ECG http://biomedikal.in/powerpoint-presentation-about-ecg/ Sun, 10 Jan 2010 11:24:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1252 EASY ECG- powerpoint presentations
    "The ECG learning modules are designed to help you learn how to look at ECG rhythm strips and interpret them. Is the strip the normal rhythm of the heart -- normal sinus rhythm? Or an abnormal and potential dangerous rhythm like ventricular fibrillation? You will also be introduced to the 12-lead ECG and learn how to look for signs of an acute myocardial infarction" - UCSF SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
    ALL THESE POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ARE NOT MY PROPERTY THESE HAVE BEEN DERIVED FROM http://medicalppt.blogspot.com AS THIS STUFF IS RELEVANT TO BIOMEDICAL SO I THOUGHT REPOSTING WILL BE BENEFICIAL TO ALL
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    1252 2010-01-10 16:54:52 2010-01-10 11:24:52 open open powerpoint-presentation-about-ecg publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 _edit_last 11062180 _oembed_4c0d8a22f4b205c2038b5bb9ecc97ac0 {{unknown}} _edit_lock 1263122827 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263122693 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _oembed_b1fcdd48c5c84a8f415c5957dacfbead {{unknown}} delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263129346";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263129346";}";"; _oembed_677af3f3407ba7aee631b5479b237668 {{unknown}}
    FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BY G.S SAWHNEY(ONE MORE SAWHNEY BOOK INDIAN STUDENTS OF ALL UNIVERSITIES ARE GONNA RELISH IT) http://biomedikal.in/fundamentals-of-biomedical-engineering-by-g-s-sawhneyone-more-sawhney-book-indian-students-of-all-universities-are-gonna-relish-it/ Sun, 10 Jan 2010 11:47:24 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1255 ADMINISTRATOR'S NOTE THIS BOOK HAS BEEN WRITTEN IN PRECISE NOTES FORM AND IS GOOD FOR STUDENTS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING FOR UNIVERSITY EXAM GOOD BOOK

    Book Description

    A well set out textbook explains the fundamentals of biomedical engineering in the areas of biomechanics, biofluid flow, biomaterials, bioinstrumentation and use of computing in biomedical engineering. All these subjects form a basic part of an engineer's education. The text is admirably suited to meet the needs of the students of mechanical engineering, opting for the elective of Biomedical Engineering. Coverage of bioinstrumentation, biomaterials and computing for biomedical engineers can meet the needs of the students of Electronic & Communication, Electronic & Instrumentation, Information Technology and Biotech Engineering. The book presents succinct coverage of the theory, definitions, formula and examples and is well supported by plenty of clear-cut diagrams and worked problems in order to make the underlying principles easily comprehensible. Key Features: Presents an introduction to basic biomedical engineering topics required by all engineering students in their studies Explains origin and simple rules to understand medical terminology Describes human joints and joint movements possible in various planes Presents methods to obtain various measurements from a human body Describes devices for prostheses and ortheses At the end of chapter objective type questions help students reinforce their conceptual understanding of the subject. About the Author(s): G.S. Sawhney is presently Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lord Krishna College of Engineering, Ghaziabad. Prior to Teaching, he served a full tenure in the Corps of Engineers followed by ten years in industries. Contents: Introduction Concepts of Physics, Mechanics and Fluid Mechanics Biomedical Engineering Biomechanics of Bone Biomechanics of Soft Tissues Skeletal Joints Mechanics of the Spinal Column Mechanics of Upper Limbs Machanics of Lower Limbs The Cardio vascular System and Blood Flow The Respiratory System The Function of the Kidney and Blood Flow Prostheses and Therapeutic Devices Orthosis Metallic Biomaterials Polymeric Biomaterials Bioceramics Composite Biomaterials Biogradable Polymeric Biomaterials Orthopedic Prostheses Fixation Physiological Singale & Transducers Signal Processing Digital Image Acquisition And Processing Radiography Computed Tomography Magnetic Resonance Imaging Ultrasound Imaging Radioisotopes and Radio Therapy Nuclear Medicine Healthcare Information & Communication Biotelemetry Applications of Computer in Medicine Telemedicine Database Design, Topologies & Network Security.
    Publisher: New Age International
    Author: G S Sawhney
    Edition Number: 1
    EAN:

    9788122421026

    No. of Pages: 300
    Deliverable Countries: This product ships to India, Sri Lanka

    DOWNLOAD LINK

    Rapidshare Hotfile i have taken this link from rapidshare so it also contains a pdf oon lecture notes on artificial intelligence sorry for that
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    1255 2010-01-10 17:17:24 2010-01-10 11:47:24 open open fundamentals-of-biomedical-engineering-by-g-s-sawhneyone-more-sawhney-book-indian-students-of-all-universities-are-gonna-relish-it publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263124069 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263124054 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263129353";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263129353";}";";
    Biotechnology for biomedical engineers By Martin L. Yarmush http://biomedikal.in/biotechnology-for-biomedical-engineers-by-martin-l-yarmush/ Sun, 10 Jan 2010 15:26:36 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1262

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, monoclonal antibody technology, and new technologies for studying and handling cells and tissues, the field of biotechnology has undergone a tremendous resurgence in a wide range of applications pertinent to industry, medicine, and science in general. A volume in the Principles and Applications in Engineering series, Biotechnology for Biomedical Engineers covers the topics in biotechnology of interest to the practicing biomedical engineer. Topics include protein engineering, monoclonal antibody production, applications of nucleic acid chemistry, antisense technology, applied virology, cell structure and function, and more.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    An Outline of Cardiovascular Structure and Function. Endocrine System. Nervous System. Vision System. Auditory System. The Gastrointestinal System. Respiratory System. Protein Engineering. Monoclonal Antibodies and Their Engineered Fragments. Antisense Technology. Tools for Genome Analysis. Vaccine Production. Gene Therapy. Cell engineering. Metabolic Engineering.

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

    RAPIDSHARE
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    1262 2010-01-10 20:56:36 2010-01-10 15:26:36 open open biotechnology-for-biomedical-engineers-by-martin-l-yarmush publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263137205 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263137200 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263184592";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263184592";}";";
    Digin – Internships 2010 http://biomedikal.in/digin-%e2%80%93-internships-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 01:57:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1265 Introduction: Digin is looking forward to hire enthusiastic students in their Internship Program which will run through Feb 8th 2010 – Jan 26th 2012. They have different Internship positions like Web development Intern, Content development Intern, Marketing/Publicity Intern for a period of 3/6/12 months. They are a team of young and enthusiastic undergraduate students with a goal to promote education for all sections of students. Their website will have different sections ranging from “Quizzes and content for a 6th standard Student” to “Tutorials for Graduate/Under-graduate students for all competitive examinations like CAT,GATE, GRE, TOEFL” .

    Eligibility:

    Web Development Intern:-Anyone with good skills in at least one programming language like C, C++, Java, .Net, HTML, PHP, Perl, Python or well equipped with Photoshop/Gimp, Flash can apply.

    Content Development Intern:

    -Anyone with good background in subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics or under-graduate students of different disciplines like Electronics and Communication, Electrical, Mechanical, Civil, Instrumentation and Computers can apply.

    Marketing Intern:-

    Currently they have Marketing Interns, but if you are interested, mail your resume and they will contact you. Students of MBA are preferred.

    How To Apply:

    Interested candidates please send your resume to internship@digin.in

    Email:

    internship@digin.in

    Contact:

    http://www.digin.in/contact_us

    Source:

    http://www.digin.in/internship
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    1265 2010-01-11 07:27:22 2010-01-11 01:57:22 open open digin-%e2%80%93-internships-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263193742 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 email_notification 1263175048 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217826";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217826";}";";
    Call for Abstracts-23rd European Conference on Biomaterials, the Annual Conference of the European Society for Biomaterials, September 11 – 15, 2010 http://biomedikal.in/call-for-abstracts-esb-2010-september-11-%e2%80%93-15-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 02:22:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1268 TOPICS FOR PAPERS:

    CNS = Central Nervous System CVS = Cardio Vascular System CMF = Cranio-Maxillo Facial ENT = Ear, Nose and Throat

    Dates & Deadlines:

    Deadline for oral presentations January 25th, 2010 Deadline for poster presentations March 15th, 2010 Notification of acceptance and mode of presentation (oral or poster) or rejection of abstracts in week 17 (end of April).

    General Information

    1. The abstract must be written in English. 2. Deadline: abstracts MUST BE RECEIVED no later than January 25, 2010 for oral and keynote presentations, and by March 15, 2010 for posters 3. Please indicate the presenting category (keynote, oral, or poster). 4. The abstract must be submitted online. 5. Presenting authors must pay the registration fee and attend the meeting. Authors of accepted abstracts will not be provided with travel funds. 6. All accepted abstracts will be exhibited throughout the duration of the conference.

    Content of the Abstract

    1. Abstracts are limited to 300 words. 2. Body of abstract: purpose of the study, methods used, summary of the results and conclusion reached. 3. Please try to limit your author list to 10 people. 4. Use standard abbreviations in parentheses after the full word the first time it appears. You must send two versions of your abstract 1. Abstract for blind review (without any names or details of the author!) 2. Abstract for proceedings Before you log in to start the abstract submission, kindly view the ESB2010 abstract templates to check the requested abstract format. The required styles illustrated in this Microsoft Word document, must be used as a template for production of abstracts: replace the relevant text shown with your own corresponding sections. The easiest way to use this abstract form is by cutting and pasting of unformatted text into the template to maintain the documents present format. Abstracts must not exceed one page or 3 Mb in size. Please submit the abstract as a Word document (doc-format) for Windows

    ABSRACT SUBMISSION INSTRUCTIONS

    Abstract submission

    HOW TO LOG IN?

    New users To log in for the first time, you have to request a password. On the welcome page select the "Request a password and submit abstract >>" link. Registered users If you have already received a password select the "Log in to view, review and manage abstracts >>" link to log in. How to return to welcome page? If you made a wrong (or an incorrect) selection, click the browser's back button to return to the welcome page. If your login fails If your login fails with the error message "The time allowed for the login process has been exceeded...", please check that cookies are enabled on your browser. After you have enabled cookies, (restart your browser) and try to log in again. E-MAIL ADDRESS To be able to submit your abstract, you need an e-mail address and you need to be able to read new mail sent to you during the submission process. If you cannot read new mail, you will not be able to complete the submission. This ensures that the e-mail address is typed correctly and you will be able to receive important messages regarding the status of the abstract.

    STEPS TO SUBMIT AN ABSTRACT WITH

    THE EVENTIZER® ABSTRACTS SERVICE

    Abstract submission consists of the following steps (please follow instructions given by submission wizard): Enter your e-mail address. A message containing a password is sent to the e-mail address you specified. Enter the password to proceed with submitting the abstract. Enter your name, affiliation and address. Enter the abstract title, authors and requirements. Enter the abstract text for blind review. Select presentation type and keywords. Submit the abstract file (in .doc-format for editorial work). A summary of the submitted information is displayed. Check that the information is correct and accept it by clicking the "Submit" button. The abstract is now ready to be reviewed. No additional e-mail confirmation will be sent. To check that your abstract is completed successfully, please log in any time you want into the service with your credentials. Please check that your personal information is correct (click the "Profile" link for details). You can edit abstract details until it is assigned to a reviewer.

    DEADLINES AND OTHER INFORMATION

    Submission deadline Deadline for oral presentations is January 25, 2010, and the deadline for poster presentations is March 15, 2010. Notification of acceptance or rejection You will be notified of the mode of your presentation (oral or poster) or rejection of your abstract at the end of April, week 17. At the same time you will be informed about the poster board size and given guidelines for your oral presentation. If an abstract for oral presentation is rejected, it will automatically be reviewed as a poster abstract. There is therefore no need to submit two separate abstracts for the same subject. NOTE: It is the authors' responsibility to proofread the abstract carefully before accepting the submission. Please submit your abstract here
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    1268 2010-01-11 07:52:26 2010-01-11 02:22:26 open open call-for-abstracts-esb-2010-september-11-%e2%80%93-15-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263194009 geo_latitude 41.062232 geo_longitude -73.533042 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address 60 strawberry hill ave, stamford connecticut 06902 geo_public 1 email_notification 1263176546 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217829";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217829";}";";
    Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) summer program-2010, last date feb 5, 2010 http://biomedikal.in/centre-for-cellular-and-molecular-biology-ccmb-summer-program-2010-last-date-feb-5-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:27:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1278

    DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM

    Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) has announced the Summer Program 2010. Each selected candidate/trainee will be assigned to a CCMB staff scientist, and he/she is expected to execute a small project work under the guidance of the scientist. At the end of the program the each trainee would need to submit a ‘Project Report’ of the work done, and also would be required to make an oral presentation. A committee nominated by the Director, CCMB, selects the trainees. ‘Statement of purpose’ and the  Recommendation/reference Letter’ are important considerations in the selection of candidates along with the academic record. The number of trainees intake varies between 30-45 candidates, and mainly depends upon the availability of bench space with different staff scientists of CCMB.

    ELIGIBILITY

    The training program is open to all branches of sciences and open to all Indian universities. Only the Students who are admitted in a Master’ program (M.Sc.) in year 2009 or B.Tech. (4yr) program in 2007 can apply; M.Tech. students are not eligible. Computer science students with flair for biology may also apply. Important dates: The program is for duration of 60 days (~eight weeks) in the months of May-July ‘ 2010. Hoisting of selected candidate’s LIST on CCMB homepage Between 10-15, April 2010 Tentative dates to join CCMB/ the program 12-15th May 2010 Please visit the given website for more details .
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    1278 2010-01-11 12:57:03 2010-01-11 07:27:03 open open centre-for-cellular-and-molecular-biology-ccmb-summer-program-2010-last-date-feb-5-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263194834 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263194827 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217830";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217830";}";";
    HYDROGEN STUDENT DESIGN CONTEST 2010:LAST DATE 22 JANUARY 2010 http://biomedikal.in/hydrogen-student-design-contest-2010last-date-22-january-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:44:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1281

    DESCRIPTION

    The Hydrogen Education Foundation has announced the The 2010 Hydrogen Student Design Contest . This will challenge university-level students to plan and design the basic elements of a hydrogen community in Southern California. The theme of the contest is : "Designing a Hydrogen community. the Contest showcases the talents of students in many disciplines, including engineering, architecture, marketing, and entrepreneurship". Any university team from around the world can participate at no cost. Team members must be enrolled in a college or university at the time of the Contest but do not have to be enrolled full-time. The recommended team size is 8-10 students. However, teams with fewer or greater members are permitted. Given the multi-disciplinary nature of the competition, teams are encouraged to include members from any field of study relevant to the team’s design. Common disciplines include: engineering, architecture/planning, industrial design, economics, business, environmental science, policy, chemistry, marketing, and education. The Grand Prize winning team is invited to present their design to experts in a keynote session of the National Hydrogen Association’s annual conference. Honorable Mention prize winners are also invited to present their designs in the poster presentations component of the conference. Cash prizes and awards are presented to the winning teams.

    KEY DATES

    Registration Deadline: January 22, 2010 Entries Due: March 24, 2010 Winners Notified: April 7, 2010

    ELIGIBILTIY

    The Contest is open to current college and university undergraduate and graduate students in the U.S. or abroad

    FOR MORE DETAILS

    Please visit the given website for more details. WEBSITE http://www.hydrogencontest.org/ EMAIL: info@hydrogencontest.org
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    1281 2010-01-11 13:14:00 2010-01-11 07:44:00 open open hydrogen-student-design-contest-2010last-date-22-january-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263195908 email_notification 1263195846 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217855";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217855";}";";
    CADENCE INDIA DESIGN CONTEST FOR ENGINEERS 2010( MARCH 1, 2010) http://biomedikal.in/cadence-india-design-contest-for-engineers-2010-march-1-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 08:14:38 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1285

    DESCRIPTION OF CONTEST

    Cadence India has announced the Cadence Design Contest 2010 .The contest is aimed at fostering innovation and realisation of ideas among engineering student community in India. The contest, an extension of the numerous initiatives by Cadence that nurture technical talent in electronic design in India, aims to challenge the student community and foster product innovation. This contest recognises outstanding design achievements and encourages competitiveness among students .

    NEW ADDITIONS

    For the first time, there will be two categories for which prizes will be given. A winner will be chosen in both these categories: 1. Full time B.E / B.Tech students 2. Full time M.E. / M.Tech students

    TIMELINE

    Design Contest launched November 18, 2009
    Abstract submission deadline March 1, 2010
    Shortlisted projects announced April 14, 2010
    Project papers due August 7, 2010
    Top 10 projects announced September 7, 2010
    Top 10 teams to present to Expert Committee End-September 2010
    Winner announced September / October 2010

    DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

    Submissions for both categories should be in either Analog, Digital or Board Design and can be in either of the following 2 design areas: - Operational chip design - designs have been implemented and tested - Conceptual design - need not have been implemented but must have been thoroughly simulated and must include a test plan All designs must use predominantly Cadence technology. The design work submission must have taken place as part of the students' course or research work at the university / institute, and must have been completed within 12 months prior to the submission deadline. Please vist the given website for more details. Website : WEBSITE LINK Email address: designcontest_india@cadence.com

    SUBMIT YOUR DESIGN HERE

    CLICK HERE TO SUBMIT
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    1285 2010-01-11 13:44:38 2010-01-11 08:14:38 open open cadence-india-design-contest-for-engineers-2010-march-1-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263198072 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263197691 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217856";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217856";}";";
    SUMMER INTERNSHIP FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS JNCASR SUMMER RESEARCH FELLOWSHIP 2010 http://biomedikal.in/summer-internship-for-biomedical-engineers-jncasr-summer-research-fellowship-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 08:43:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1289

    DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAMME

    Centre offers summer fellowships for two months to bright undergraduate and MSc students (renewable for a second year for selected students). This programme has proved to be popular and competitive; each year, about 5000 students from all over India apply for the 120 fellowships awarded. Fifty fellowships are supported by the Department of Science & Technology, Government of India, fifteen by the Rajiv Gandhi Institute for Contemporary Studies, New Delhi, and the rest by the Centre. Students are placed with research groups at the Centre or with scientists else where in India. They are paid travel expenses and a monthly stipend of Rs. 5000. Selected students get the opportunity to participate in cutting-edge research, and several summer projects have led to publications in leading journals. A random sample of projects pursued in past years is: Preparation of La0.5Sr0.5Co03 by Sol-Gel spin coating method; Study of correlated response to selection on faster development and early reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster; A study of the chaotic nature of flow in the neighborhood of vortices; Statistical analysis of fatal mining accidents in eight companies of Coal India Ltd. Many of the summer students of past years have gone on to pursue graduate studies and a research career, at the JNCASR or at another leading university.

    Eligibility for applying:

    Academic requirements: Students who have secured not less than 80% (science and maths subjects only) in their 10th , 12th(10 +2) and not less than first class in graduation and post graduation(if applicable). Only students presently studying in I and II  year of B.Sc., I, II and III year of B.E / B.Tech. / B.V.Sc./ MBBS / B.Pharm., I year of M.Sc. and I - IV year of Integrated M.Sc with the above mentioned academic requirements should apply. The students selected under this programme are placed with scientists at the Centre or elsewhere in India, for 2 months with a stipend of Rs. 5000 /- p.m and travel support as per Govt. of India norms. Detailed information and application forms can be downloaded from above mentioned site or may be obtained by writing to the address mentioned below with a self-addressed envelope of 16x25 cms with stamp of Rs. 10/- Those not fulfilling the criteria are advised not to apply. About 15 students will be chosen as Rajiv Gandhi Science Talent Research Fellows based on the completed project reports. Only selected candidates will be intimated by above mentioned date and the list will also be available on the web site. KEYDATES Selected Students will be intimated by: March 31, 2010 Mailing address: The Assistant Coordinator Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bangalore 560 064. WEBSITE: http://www.jncasr.ac.in/srfp.php
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    1289 2010-01-11 14:13:28 2010-01-11 08:43:28 open open summer-internship-for-biomedical-engineers-jncasr-summer-research-fellowship-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263199665 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263199412 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217871";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217871";}";";
    ELECTRONIC & CIRCUIT ANALYSIS USING MATLAB BY JOHN O.ATTIA http://biomedikal.in/1297/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 11:08:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1297

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Useful to students, professional engineers, scientists, and technicians, Electronics & Circuit Analysis Using MATLAB provides a simple, easy-to-understand, hands-on introduction to MATLAB
    • demonstrates the use of MATLAB for solving electronic problems
    • outlines various ways MATLAB solves circuit analysis problems
    • shows the flexibility of MATLAB for solving general engineering and scientific problems
    This book divides into three parts: introduction to MATLAB, applications of MATLAB in circuit analysis, and electronics applications with MATLAB. Topics covered include plotting functions, control statements, two-port networks, Fourier analysis, diodes, semiconductor physics, operational amplifiers, and transistor circuits.
    Features:
    • Provides a short primer on MATLAB
    • Covers problem solving in electronics with MATLAB
    • Discusses dc, ac, and transient analysis of circuits
    • Contains extensive examples and problems
    • Presents a bibliography and exercises at the end of each chapter
    • Includes a diskette - illustrating the principles and applications of electronics and circuit analysis with MATLAB
    • Serves as a supplement to other texts for courses in electronics, circuits analysis, and signals and systems

    Contents:

    MATLAB Fundamentals, MATLAB Basic, MATLAB Operations, Array operations, Complex Numbers, The Colon Symbol, M-Files, Plotting Functions, Graph Functions, X-Y Pots and Annotations, Logarithm and Polar Plots, Screen Control, Control Statements, For Loops, If Statements, While Loops, Input/Output Commands, DC Analysis, Nodal Analysis, Loop Analysis, Maximum Power Transfer, Transient Analysis, RC Network, RL Network, RLC Circuit, State Variable Approach, AC Analysis and, Network Functions, Steady State AC Power, Single and Three Phase, AC Circuits, Network Characteristics, Frequency Response, Two-Port Networks, Two-Port Network Representations, Interconnection of Two-, Port Networks, Termi nated Two- Port Networks, Fourier Analysis, Fourier Series, Fourier Transforms, Discrete and Fast, Fourier Transform, Diodes, Diode Characteristics, Analysis of Diode Circuits, Half-Wave Rectification, Full-Wave Rectification, Zener Diode Voltage, Regulator Circuit, Semiconductor Physics, Intrinsic Semiconductor, Extrinsic Semiconductor, PN Junction: Contact Potential, Junction Current, Depletion and Diffusion, Capacitances Breakdown Voltages of, PN Junctions, Operational Amplifiers Properties of OP Amps Inverting Configuration Non-Inverting Congfiguration Effects of Finite, Open-Loop Gain, Frequency Response of, OP Amps Slew Rate and Full-Power, Bandwidth Common-Mode Rejection, Transistor Circuits, Bipolar Junction Transistors Biasing of BJT Discrete Circuits Integrated Circuit Biasing Frequency Response of, Common-Emitter Amplifier MOSFET Characteristics Biasing of MOSFET Circuits Frequency Response of, Common-Source Amplifier

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

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    1297 2010-01-11 16:38:26 2010-01-11 11:08:26 open open 1297 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263208826 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263208116 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217889";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217889";}";";
    Image Processing with MATLAB: Applications in Medicine and Biology By Omer Demirkaya, Musa H. Asyali, Prasanna K. Sahoo http://biomedikal.in/1302/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 11:16:13 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/11/1302/
    Omer Demirkaya, Musa H. Asyali, Prasanna K. Sahoo, "Image Processing with MATLAB: Applications in Medicine and Biology" CRC | 2008-12-22 | ISBN: 0849392462 | 451 pages | DjVu | 5 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This text explains complex, theory-laden topics in image processing through examples and MATLAB® algorithms. It provides these algorithms to help scientists and researchers quickly identify the most effective solution method for a particular problem at hand. The authors emphasize three-dimensional processing and analysis as well as statistical and stochastic modeling. They cover the new areas of nonlinear diffusion filtering and PDE-based image filtering, address relatively advanced topics, such as Markov random field-based image segmentation, and highlight applications with images from medicine and biology. They also include real-world examples and exercises in every chapter.

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    1302 2010-01-11 16:46:13 2010-01-11 11:16:13 open open 1302 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1263208585 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _edit_lock 1263208778 _edit_last 11062180 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217899";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217899";}";";
    DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING (2ND EDITION) BY RAFAEL C.GONZALEZ,RICHARD E.WOODS SOLUTION MANUAL HAS ALSO BEEN ADDED http://biomedikal.in/digital-image-processing-2nd-edition-by-rafael-c-gonzalezrichard-e-woods/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 11:38:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1305 "Third generation book that builds on two highly successful earlier editions and the author’s twenty years of academic and industrial experience in image processing. Reflects new trends; document image compression and data compression standards."

    From the Back Cover

    Digital Image Processing has been the leading textbook in its field for more than 20 years. As was the case with the 1977 and 1987 editions by Gonzalez and Wintz, and the 1992 edition by Gonzalez and Woods, the present edition was prepared with students and instructors in mind. 771e material is timely, highly readable, and illustrated with numerous examples of practical significance. All mainstream areas of image processing are covered, including a totally revised introduction and discussion of image fundamentals, image enhancement in the spatial and frequency domains, restoration, color image processing, wavelets,image compression , morphology, segmentation, and image description. Coverage concludes with a discussion of the fundamentals of object recognition. Although the book is completely self-contained, a Companion Website (see inside front cover) provides additional support in the form of review material, answers to selected problems, laboratory project suggestions. and a score of other features. A supplementary instructor’s manual is available to instructors who have adopted the book for classroom use.

    New Features

    * New chapters on wavelets, image morphology, and color image processing. * More than 500 new images and over 200 new line drawings and tables. * A revision and update of all chapters, including topics such as segmentation by watersheds. * Numerous new examples with processed images of higher resolution. * A reorganization that allows the reader to get to the material on actual image processing much sooner than before. * Updated image compression standards and a new section on compression using wavelets. * A more intuitive development of traditional topics such as image transforms and image restoration. * Updated bibliography.

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    DOWNLOAD BOOK FOR DOWNLOADING THIS BOOK YOU HAVE TO MAKE A ESNIPS ACCOUNT AFTER CLICKING LINK ABOVE DIRECT DOWNLOAD LINK FROM RAPEDSHARE RAPIDSHARE

    SOLUTION MANUAL

    This manual contains detailed solutions to all problems in Digital Image Processing, 2nd Edition. We also include a suggested set of guidelines for using the book, and discuss the use of computer projects designed to promote a deeper understanding of the subject matter. The notation used throughout this manual corresponds to the notation used in the text. The decision of what material to cover in a course rests with the instructor, and it depends on the purpose of the course and the background of the students. We have found that the course outlines suggested here can be covered comfortably in the time frames indicated when the course is being taught in an electrical engineering or computer science curriculum. In each case, no prior exposure toimage processing is assumed. We give suggested guidelines for one semester courses at the senior and First year graduate levels. It is possible to cover most of the book in a two semester graduate sequence.

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    1305 2010-01-11 17:08:31 2010-01-11 11:38:31 open open digital-image-processing-2nd-edition-by-rafael-c-gonzalezrichard-e-woods publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263225988 email_notification 1263209925 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217907";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217907";}";";
    Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB By Rafael C.Gonzalez,Richard E.Woods,Steven L.Eddins http://biomedikal.in/digital-image-processing-using-matlab-by-rafael-c-gonzalezrichard-e-woodssteven-l-eddins/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 13:28:06 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1309

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB (DIPUM) is the first book to offer a balanced treatment of image processing fundamentals and the software principles used in their implementation.  The book integrates material from the leading text, Digital Image Processing by Gonzalez and Woods, and the Image Processing Toolbox from The MathWorks, Inc., a leader in scientific computing.  The Image Processing Toolbox provides a stable, well-supported software environment for addressing a broad range of applications in digital image processing.  A unique feature of Digital Image Processing Using MATLAB is its emphasis on showing how to enhance those tools by developing new code.  This is important in image processing, an area that normally requires extensive experimental work in order to arrive at acceptable application solutions. Some Highlights
    • This new edition is an extensive upgrade of the book.
    • The mathematical notation is compatible with the book Digital Image Processing by Gonzalez and Woods.
    • The book is self-contained and written in textbook format, not as a manual.
    • Nearly 120 new MATLAB image processing functions are developed— a 40 % increase over existing functions in the Image Processing Toolbox.
    • Algorithms and MATLAB functions in the mainstream of digital image processing are discussed and implemented, including: Intensity transformations; spatial filtering; fuzzy image processing; filtering in the frequency domain; image restoration and reconstruction; geometric transformations and image registration; color image processing; wavelets; image and video compression; morphology; image segmentation; image representation and description; and object recognition.
    • In addition to a major revision of the topics from the first edition, features in this edition include new coverage of: The Radon transform; image processing functions based on function-generating functions (function factories); geometric transformations; image registration; color profiles and device-independent color conversions; functions for video compression; adaptive thresholding algorithms; new image features, including minimum-perimeter polygons and local (corner) features.
    • All new functions are documented and listed in the book.
    • Using C code with MATLAB is covered in detail.
    • The design of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) is covered in detail.
    • All functions listed in the book are conveniently summarized in an appendix.
    • All functions developed in the book are available for download in p-code format, free of charge with purchase of a new book.

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    1309 2010-01-11 18:58:06 2010-01-11 13:28:06 open open digital-image-processing-using-matlab-by-rafael-c-gonzalezrichard-e-woodssteven-l-eddins publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263216768 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263216490 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217914";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217914";}";";
    The Image Processing Handbook, Fifth Edition By John C.Russ http://biomedikal.in/the-image-processing-handbook-fifth-edition/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 13:37:22 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1313

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Image processing is used in a wide variety of applications to improve the visual appearance of images and to prepare images for measurement. Covering techniques for both tasks, this best-selling handbook presents an extensive collection of image processing tools to help readers understand methods used in packaged software and learn to program additions for applications. With over 600 new and revised illustrations, this edition expands discussions on deconvolution, extended dynamic range images, and multichannel imaging with new material on principal components analysis. It also includes a new chapter on human vision and discusses the latest technologies for image capture and printing. John Russ’ book on image processing was never intended to be a textbook on how to understand and write your own image processing algorithms, as you might believe by looking through the table of contents. It does cover just about everything you would see in such a textbook, but from a user’s standpoint of these operations, not as an author ofimage processing code who needs to understand the algorithms behind these operations. Instead, Russ explains all of the operations, their value in various applications, and provides many illustrations showing before and after pictures of what each operation does. There are no algorithms, pseudocode, or mathematics in this book. The jewel in the crown of this book is the companion CD. It contains over 200 Photoshop plug-ins for performing the operations mentioned in this book. These plug-ins work on 8-bit grayscale and 24 bit RGB images and are divided into the categories of image adjustment, color manipulation, image math, boolean operations, Fourier processing, morphological operations, neighborhood processing, distance-map operations, thresholding, feature measurement, calibration, stereology, and surface rendering. The bad news is that you have to obtain the CD separately. If you need to understand the detailed mathematics behind such operations, you might consult DigitalImage Processing by Gonzalez and Woods, and then come back to this book for the tools to accomplish the operations explained in that book. The updates to this fifth edition include an additional chapter on human vision and how it ties into image processing. Also, the author has updated his sections on image acquisition hardware and software to describe the latest tools available. Finally, the topic of tomographic imaging has been expanded and given its own chapter and the chapter on 3-D image acquisition has been deleted. This is an excellent book on image processing from a systems engineering and user standpoint. You will be disappointed if you expect to learn the algorithms behind the techniques demonstrated in this book. Publisher:   CRC Number Of Pages:   818 Publication Date:   2006-12-19 Sales Rank:   38384 ISBN / ASIN:   0849372542 EAN:   9780849372544 Binding:   Hardcover Manufacturer:   CRC Studio:   CRC

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    PART 1 PART 2

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    ACQUIRING IMAGES Human Reliance on Images for Information Video Cameras CCD Cameras Camera Artifacts and Limitations Color Cameras Camera Resolution CMOS Cameras Focusing Electronics and Bandwidth Limitations Pixels Gray-Scale Resolution Noise High-Depth Images Color Imaging Digital Camera Limitations Color Spaces Color Correction Color Displays Image Types Range Imaging Multiple Images Stereoscopy Imaging Requirements HUMAN VISION What We See and Why Recognition Technical Specs Acuity What the Eye Tells the Brain Spatial Comparisons Local to Global Hierarchies It's About Time The Third Dimension How versus What Seeing What Isn't There, and Vice Versa Image Compression A World of Light Size Matters Shape (Whatever That Means) Context Arrangements Must be Made Seeing is Believing So, in Conclusion PRINTING AND STORAGE Printing Dots on Paper Color Printing Printing Hardware Film Recorders Other Presentation Tools File Storage Storage Media Magnetic Recording Databases for Images Browsing and Thumbnails Lossless Coding Reduced Color Palettes JPEG Compression Wavelet Compression Fractal Compression Digital Movies CORRECTING IMAGE DEFECTS Contrast Expansion Noisy Images Neighborhood Averaging Neighborhood Ranking Other Neighborhood Noise-Reduction Methods Defect Removal, Maximum Entropy, and Maximum Likelihood Nonuniform Illumination Fitting a Background Function Rank Leveling Color Images Nonplanar Views Computer Graphics Geometrical Distortion Alignment Interpolation Morphing IMAGE ENHANCEMENT (PROCESSING IN THE SPATIAL DOMAIN) Contrast Manipulation Histogram Equalization Laplacian Derivatives Finding Edges Rank Operations Texture Fractal Analysis Implementation Notes Image Math Subtracting Images Multiplication and Division Principal Components Analysis Other Image Combinations PROCESSING IMAGES IN FREQUENCY SPACE What Frequency Space is All About The Fourier Transform Fourier Transforms of Real Functions Frequencies and Orientations Preferred Orientation Texture and Fractals Isolating Periodic Noise Selective Masks and Filters Selection of Periodic Information Convolution Deconvolution Noise and Weiner Deconvolution Template Matching and Correlation Autocorrelation SEGMENTATION AND THRESHOLDING Thresholding Automatic Settings Multiband Images Two-Dimensional Thresholds Multiband Thresholding Thresholding from Texture Multiple Thresholding Criteria Textural Orientation Region Boundaries Selective Histograms Boundary Lines Contours Image Representation Other Segmentation Methods The General Classification Problem PROCESSING BINARY IMAGES Boolean Operations Combining Boolean Operations Masks From Pixels to Features Boolean Logic with Features Selecting Features by Location Double Thresholding Erosion and Dilation Opening and Closing Isotropy Measurements Using Erosion and Dilation Extension to Gray-Scale Images Morphology Neighborhood Parameters Examples of Use Euclidian Distance Map Watershed Segmentation Ultimate Eroded Points Skeletonization Boundary Lines and Thickening Combining Skeleton and EDM GLOBAL IMAGE MEASUREMENTS Global Measurements and Stereology Surface Area ASTM Grain Size Multiple Types of Surfaces Length Sampling Strategies Determining Number Curvature, Connectivity, and the Disector Anisotropy and Gradients Size Distributions Classical Stereology (Unfolding) FEATURE-SPECIFIC MEASUREMENTS Brightness Measurements Determining Location Orientation Neighbor Relationships Alignment Counting Features Special Counting Procedures Feature Size Circles and Ellipses Caliper Dimensions Perimeter Describing Shape Fractal Dimension Harmonic Analysis Topology Three-Dimensional Measurements FEATURE RECOGNITION AND CLASSIFICATION Template Matching and Cross-Section Parametric Description Decision Points Multidimensional Classification Learning Systems kNN and Cluster Analysis Expert Systems Neural Networks Syntactical Models TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING Volume Imaging vs. Sections Basics of Reconstruction Algebraic Reconstruction Methods Maximum Entropy Defects in Reconstructed Images Beam Hardening Imaging Geometries Three-Dimensional Tomography High-Resolution Tomography 3-D IMAGE VISUALIZATION Sources of 3-D Data Serial Sections Optical Sectioning Sequential Removal Stereo Measurement 3-D Data Sets Slicing the Data Set Arbitrary Section Planes The Use of Color Volumetric Display Stereo Viewing Special Display Hardware Ray Tracing Reflection Surfaces Multi-Ply Connected Surfaces Image Processing in 3-D Measurements on 3-D Images IMAGING SURFACES Producing Surfaces Devices that Image Surfaces by Physical Contact Noncontacting Measurements Microscopy of Surfaces Surface Composition Imaging Processing of Range Images Processing of Composition Maps Data Presentation and Visualization Rendering and Visualization Analysis of Surface Data Profile Measurements The Birmingham Measurement Suite Topographic Analysis and Fractal Dimensions REFERENCES INDEX
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    1313 2010-01-11 19:07:22 2010-01-11 13:37:22 open open the-image-processing-handbook-fifth-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263217420 email_notification 1263217052 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217920";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263217920";}";";
    DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY BERNARD JAHNE http://biomedikal.in/digital-image-processing-by-bernard-jahne/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 17:56:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1321

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    This book offers an integral view of image processing from image acquisition to the extraction of the data of interest. The discussion of the general concepts is supplemented with examples from applications on Pibased image processing systems and ready-to-use implementations of important algorithms. The fifth edition has been completely revised and extended. The most notable extensions include a detailed discussion on random variables and fields, 3-D imaging techniques and a unified approach to regularized parameter estimation. The complete.text of the book is now available on the accompanying CD-ROM. It is hyperlinked so that it can be used in a very flexible way. The CD-ROM contains a full set of exercises to all topics covered by this book and a runtime version of the image processing software heurisko. A large collection of images, image sequences, and volumetric images is available for practical exercises.

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    PART 1 PART2 PART 3
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    1321 2010-01-11 23:26:17 2010-01-11 17:56:17 open open digital-image-processing-by-bernard-jahne publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263232601 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1263232588 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263314844";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263314844";}";";
    PATTERN RECOGNITION AND IMAGE PREPROCESSING BY SING T.BOW http://biomedikal.in/pattern-recognition-and-image-preprocessing-by-sing-t-bow/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 18:20:30 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1323

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Describing non-parametric and parametric theoretic classification and the training of discriminant functions, this second edition includes new and expanded sections on neural networks, Fisher's discriminant, wavelet transform, and the method of principal components. It contains discussions on dimensionality reduction and feature selection, novel computer system architectures, proven algorithms for solutions to common roadblocks in data processing, computing models including the Hamming net, the Kohonen self-organizing map, and the Hopfield net, detailed appendices with data sets illustrating key concepts in the text, and more.

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    1323 2010-01-11 23:50:30 2010-01-11 18:20:30 open open pattern-recognition-and-image-preprocessing-by-sing-t-bow publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263234039 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263234031 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHIC IMAGING BY AVINASH C.KAK,MALCOLM SLANLEY http://biomedikal.in/1326/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 18:32:09 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1326 Principles of Computerized Tomographic Imaging (Classics in Applied Mathematics): Aninash C. Kak, Malcolm Slaney I.E.E.E. Press | ISBN: 0879421983 | 1989-01 | PDF (OCR) | 344 pages | 25.2 Mb

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Principles of Computerized Tomographic Imaging provides a comprehensive, tutorial-style introduction to the algorithms for reconstructing cross-sectional images from projection data and contains a complete overview of the engineering and signal processing algorithms necessary for tomographic imaging. In addition to the purely mathematical and algorithmic aspects of these algorithms, the book also discusses the artifacts caused by the nature of the various forms of energy sources that can be used for generating the projection data. Kak and Slaney go beyond theory, emphasizing real-world applications and detailing the steps necessary for building a tomographic system. Since the fundamental aspects of tomographic reconstruction algorithms have remained virtually the same since this book was originally published, it is just as useful today as it was in 1987. Review: Very useful This book is one of the clearest introductions to tomography. I use it as a text in my course, and my students have also liked it. Review: Excellent book on tomography! This is still a great text on the principles of tomographic imaging. Buy it! Review: Excellent book! This book, which has become a classic, is a must for anyone who wishes to study tomography.

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    1326 2010-01-12 00:02:09 2010-01-11 18:32:09 open open 1326 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263235106 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263234730 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONAL MRI BY RICHARD B.BUXTON http://biomedikal.in/1331/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 18:43:32 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1331
    Introduction to Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Principles and Techniques,Second Edition Publisher: Cambridge University Press | ISBN: 0521899958 | edition 2009 | PDF | 470 pages | 5 mb

    ABOUT THE BOOK

    There can be no argument that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionised basic and clinical neuroscience. This book provides an accessible and comprehensive review of the current state of functional beyond anatomy to measure aspects of local physiology’. The book does well as an ‘introduction’, given the complex nature of some of the issues (such as image reconstruction). I very much enjoyed reading it. MRI (fMRI), the use of MRI ‘that goes The book is organised into three sections, with Section I essentially providing an overview of what is discussed in detail in Sections II and III. Section I also includes a brief review of energy metabolism in the brain and the basic (classical) physics of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (an appendix discusses NMR in more detail, including the quantum physics perspective). Section II expands the principles of MRI, while Section III focuses on fMRI in particular. Section II thus covers image acquisition and reconstruction, including the basic concepts of T1, T2* and T2* relaxation, diffusion, gradient-echo and spin-echo sequences, slice-selection, phase-encoding, frequency-encoding, Fourier transforms and K-space, as well as various image artefacts. Section III covers techniques for perfusion imaging, including an introduction to tracer kinetics, contrast agents and arterial spin labelling (ASL), before finishing with the popular technique of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging. The book is well-written and suitable for graduate-level and beyond. There is some formalisation of important concepts, but the level of mathematics is not particularly advanced. There are many helpful illustrations, and text boxes that cover certain issues in more detail. Key references follow each chapter. My only complaint concerns the macro-organisation of the book, which appears to reflect pedagogical choices (probably reflecting the graduate courses from which the book evolved): the use of Section I to in Sections II and III may facilitate comprehension of the large number of requisite concepts. The downside however is that, when the book is read in a linear fashion, the summary in Section I becomes too dense in places (leading to some confusion), whereas parts of Sections II and III can involve repetition of concepts already grasped from Section I. On the upside, this redundancy is likely to help if one wishes to dip into selected chapters of the book. For example, most chapters (e.g. those on ASL or BOLD) begin with a brief summary of the relevant concepts covered earlier in the book. summarise the concepts that are later expanded As well as providing a theoretical background, the book is likely to be helpful for users of MRI. For example, though the book does not attempt an exhaustive list of current imaging sequences, it describes the basic background and relationship between the most common ones (e.g. FLASH, GRASS, MP-RAGE, which will be familiar acronyms to many MRI researchers/clinicians). More emphasis is placed on the most popular current technique for fMRI, echo-planar imaging, given its relevance toimaging. Indeed, BOLD imaging receives the greatest attention, covered in the final four chapters. The last two of these concern statistical analysis of BOLD data and efficient design of BOLD experiments, which are interesting for a researcher conducting brain mapping experiments, but perhaps somewhat incidental to other readers (I would have preferred that more space be given instead to the discussion of the physiological basis of the BOLD signal, linking back to the initial discussion of energy metabolism in the brain, and perhaps discussing recent work relating the BOLD signal to field potentials). BOLD neurophysiological measurements such as local The main value of the book, in my opinion, is to illustrate the huge potential of fMRI, in terms of its flexibility and range of applications; for example, to volume, flow and oxygenation. The book also captures the excitement surrounding the future of diffusion tensor imaging and ASL. Moreover, the author does an excellent job of explaining the complex ideas behind fMRI in relatively simple terms. In these senses, the book is a clear success. measure cerebral blood

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    1331 2010-01-12 00:13:32 2010-01-11 18:43:32 open open 1331 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263235495 email_notification 1263235424 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    AN INTRODUCTION TO PRINCIPLE OF MEDICAL IMAGING(REVISED EDITION) BY CHRIS GUY&DOMINIC FFYTCHE http://biomedikal.in/an-introduction-to-principle-of-medical-imagingrevised-edition-by-chris-guydominic-ffytche/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 18:54:43 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1335

    Chris Guy, Dominic Ffytche, "Introduction to the Principles of Medical Imaging" Imperial College Press | 2005-06 | ISBN: 1860945023 | 420 pages | PDF | 6,9 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    The introduction of X-ray computed tomography (CT) 25 years ago revolutionized medical imaging; X-ray CT itself provided the first clear cross-sectional images of the human body, with substantial contrast between different types of soft tissue. The enduring legacy of CT is, however, the spur that it gave to the subsequent introduction of tomographic imaging techniques into diagnostic nuclear medicine and the extraordinarily rapid development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over this period. This book is a non-mathematical introduction to the principles underlying modern medical imaging, taking tomography as its central theme. The first three chapters cover the general principles of tomography, a survey of the atomic and nuclear physics which underpins modern imaging, and a review of the key issues involved in radiation protection. The subsequent chapters deal in turn with X-ray radiography, gamma imaging, MRI and ultrasound. The clinical role of diagnostic imaging is illustrated in the final chapter through the use of fictional clinical histories. Three appendices provide a more mathematical background to the tomographic method, the principles of mathematical Fourier methods, and the mathematics of MRI. This revised edition includes new introductory sections on the relevant physics of molecules in general, and water, in particular. Every chapter now has a table of key points with cross-references to other sections. Several figures have also been revised. The book is intended to provide a broad introductory background to tomographic imaging for two groups of readers: the physics or engineering undergraduate thinking of specializing in medical physics, and the medical student or clinician using tomographic techniques in research and clinical practice.
  • Tomography
  • Atomic and Nuclear Physics
  • Radiation Protection
  • X-ray Radiography
  • Nuclear Medicine: Gamma Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Ultrasound Imaging
  • Imaging in Clinical Practice
  • Readership: Undergraduates in engineering and physics doing a medical physics option; postgraduates doing medical research. Review of the First Edition:“This book manages to cover a wide range of subjects in a relatively compact way and could form a useful introductory text … It is full of many historical details and these are interesting. There are lots of useful technical details in this book and the authors frequently illustrate the formulae they provide with specific numerical examples which helps to put them in context.”-Medical Engineering & Physics
    TABLEOF CONTENTS (88k)
    PREFACE(68)

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    1335 2010-01-12 00:24:43 2010-01-11 18:54:43 open open an-introduction-to-principle-of-medical-imagingrevised-edition-by-chris-guydominic-ffytche publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263236185 email_notification 1263236094 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    IMAGE PROCESSING IN C:ANALYZING AND ENHANCING DIGITAL IMAGES-BY DWAYNE PHILIPS http://biomedikal.in/image-processing-in-canalyzing-and-enhancing-digital-images-by-dwayne-philips/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:14:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1344 Dwayne Phillips, «Image Processing in C: Analyzing and Enhancing Digital Images, 2nd Edition CPM | 2nd edition, August 1, 1997 | English | ISBN: 087930443X | 720 pages | PDF | 6 Mb

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This book is a tutorial on image processing. Each chapter explains basic concepts. Print routines are provided for laser printers, graphics printers, and character printers. Display procedures are provided for monochrome, CGA, VGA, and EGA monitors. All of these functions are provided in a system that will run on a ” provide working edge detectors, filters, and histogram equalizers, I/O routines, display and print procedures that are ready to use, or can be modified for special , 2) a set of routines for Boolean operations on images — such as subtracting or adding one with another, 3) a batch system for performing offline processing (such as overnight for long involved manipulations). The C Image Processing System (CIPS) works with Tag Image File Format (TIFF) gray scale images. The entire system has been updated from the original publications to comply with the TIFF 6.0 specification from June 1993 (the magazine articles were written for the TIFF 5.0 specification.) The text and accompanying with words and figures, shows image processing results with photographs, and implements the operations in C. The C code in this book is based on a series of articles published in The C Users Journal from 1990 through 1993, and includes three entirely new chapters and six new appendices. The new chapters are 1) an introduction to the entire Audience: Programmers seeking tools for image processing, ranging from the basics to advanced techniques. System Requirements: Any PC with a hard disk. Slower the machine, the slower the processing, but the system does not require a math co-processor or special imaging board. A regular VGA monitor is preferred, but you can use the system with an EGA or CGA monitor. The code was compiled with Microsoft C v 6. The code should run using other compilers with little modification.

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

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    1344 2010-01-12 00:44:56 2010-01-11 19:14:56 open open image-processing-in-canalyzing-and-enhancing-digital-images-by-dwayne-philips publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1263237297 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263237548 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    FUNDAMENTAL OF 3-D DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY JUNICHIRO TORIWAKI,HIROYUKI YOSHIDA http://biomedikal.in/fundamental-of-3-d-digital-image-processing-by-junichiro-toriwakihiroyuki-yoshida/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:20:17 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1346
    Junichiro Toriwaki, Hiroyuki Yoshida, "Fundamentals of Three-dimensional Digital Image Processing" Springer | 2009 | ISBN: 184800172X | 288 pages | PDF | 8,1 MB

    ABOUT THIS BOOK

    There are many areas of science and engineering where three-dimensional (3-D) discrete data are collected and analyzed, such as medical imaging and geoscience. To design and to prove the validity of computational procedures for processing and analysis of such data, the need for a mathematical theory and algorithms for image processing is essential. Self-contained, accessible, and mathematically precise, this book serves as an introduction to the field of 3-D digital image processing, providing information that can be used immediately in practical algorithms for the analysis of 3-D data sets. By presenting problems of processing and analysis of practical 3-D data sets, readers will find the descriptions clear and accessible as concepts and methods are carefully introduced, defined, and illustrated with examples. A key textbook for graduates and resource for all working in areas of multidimensional image processing and analysis, this book is also excellent for self-study for practitioners in the field of 3-D digital image processing.
    Written for:
    Graduate students

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    UPLOADING.COM
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    1346 2010-01-12 00:50:17 2010-01-11 19:20:17 open open fundamental-of-3-d-digital-image-processing-by-junichiro-toriwakihiroyuki-yoshida publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263237625 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263237618 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT SAUDI ARABIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-saudi-arabia-2/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:29:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1349

    Biomedical Technicians  (2 - 7 yrs)

    AsiaPower Overseas Employment Services
    Location:
    INTERNATIONAL(Saudi Arabia)
    Key Skills:
    Biomedical Technician
    Specialization:
    Biomedical Technician
    Job Function:
    Bio Tech/R&D/Scientist
    Industry:
    Experience:
    2 - 7   yrs.
    Job Details:
    URGENTLY REQUIRED FOR ONE OF THE LEADING MULTISPECIALITY 600 BEDDED HOSPITAL IN DAMMAM, SAUDI ARABIA. MUSLIM CANDIDATES PREFERRED Diploma in Biomedical / Electronics & Communication Engineering with minimum 2 years experience in maintenance and repair of hospital and laboratory equipments or in any co. dealing with sales and service of medical equipments. CHENNAI BRANCH: Asiapower Overseas Employment Services 28, Aarti Arcade, 4th Floor, 86, Dr. Radhakrishna Road, Mylapore, Chennai 600004 Tel Fax No.: 28111390 Email: chennai@asiapoweroverseas.com DELHI BRANCH: Asiapower Overseas Employment Services Bldg no. 9, 2nd Floor, Above Royal Kitchen Restaurant, Sant Nagar, Main Road, East of Kailash, New Delhi 65. Fax No. 011 26231563 Email id: delhi@asiapoweroverseas.com KOCHI C/O Jomer Arcade, 3rd Floor, South Junction, Chittoor Road, Opp. Girls High School, Kochi - 682016. Fax : (0484) 4044520 Email : kochi@asiapowerltd.com
    Company Details:
    APOES, an ISO 9001-2000 Certified from ANSI RAB & UKAS is one of the India s Leading Government Recognized Manpower Supplier and duly Licensed from the Ministry of Labor. We have our own well-equipped and modern office premises in Mumbai & Chennai with associate s offices in all the major cities of the World.
    Contact Details:
    Address : Bezzola Complex, S T Rd, Opp. Suman Ngr, Chembur, Mum - 71.   Phone : +91-022-25230262
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    1349 2010-01-12 00:59:08 2010-01-11 19:29:08 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-saudi-arabia-2 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263238171 email_notification 1263238160 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263311396";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263311396";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER'S JOB IN SOUTH INDIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineers-job-in-south-india/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:40:47 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1351
    Experience:
    3 - 8 Years
    Location:
    Bengaluru/Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad / Secunderabad
    Compensation:
    Best in Industry
    Education:
    UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Any Specialization, Electrical, Electronics/Telecomunication, Instrumentation, Mechanical
    PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization,Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:
    Pharma/ Biotech/Clinical Research
    Role:
    Service/Maintenance Engnr
    Functional Area:
    Production, Maintenance, Quality

    Job Description

    (FSE) position will support the Southern and Western region. Candidate for this position will be based out of Bangalore/Hyderabad and will provide on-site customer product support for Illumina's products in South and Western territories.

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Degree in Electrical/Electronics Engineering, Mechanical. Experience in the biotechnology/biomedical industry. Travel required up to 60%. Highly motivated with strong problem solving ability. Excellent communication/computer skill. Customer oriented.

    Company Profile

    Premas is a fast growing, professionally managed Biotech company in drug discovery, with National/International customer. We are partners of Illumina providing cutting edge analysis through next generation genotyping and sequencing instruments.
    Contact Details
    Company Name:
    Premas Biotech Pvt. Ltd.
    Website:
    Executive Name:
    m.balachandran
    Email Address:
    Reference ID:
    Field Service Engineer
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    1351 2010-01-12 01:10:47 2010-01-11 19:40:47 open open biomedical-engineers-job-in-south-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263238871 email_notification 1263238860 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER HOSPITAL JOB IN MUMBAI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-hospital-job-in-mumbai/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:42:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1354 Position : Bio-Medical Engineer-Hospital-Mumbai Company Name : A Client of Mindbank Consultants Job Description : Working as Bio-Medical Engineer, Handling complete Maintenence an care of Medical equipments and Machinary. Coordination with the Medical Staff and Management Min. Exp. : 10   Max. Exp. : 15 Qualification (Graduation / Under graduation) : Graduation Qualification (Post graduation/ PPG) : None Location : Mumbai Contact Person : Deepak Contact Phone : 9811090695 Email : mindbankc@hotmail.com
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    1354 2010-01-12 01:12:27 2010-01-11 19:42:27 open open biomedical-engineer-hospital-job-in-mumbai publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263238966 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263238959 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    ENCYCLOPEDIA OF MEDICAL DEVICES & INSTRUMENTATION BY JOHN G.WEBSTER http://biomedikal.in/1356/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 19:47:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1356

    John G. Webster, ?Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation, 2nd Edition (6 Volume Set)

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Wiley-Interscience | ISBN: 0471263583 | 2 edition (March 10, 2006) | 3666 pages | PDF | 65 Mb The articles in The Encyclopedia of Medical Devices and Instrumentation focus on what is currently useful or is likely to be useful in future medicine. They answer the question, "What are the branches of medicine and how does technology assist each of them?" Articles focus on the practice of medicine that is assisted by devices, rather than including, for example, the use of drugs to treat disease. The title is the only resource on the market dealing with the subject in encyclopedic detail. * Accessible to practitioners with a broad range of backgrounds from students to researchers and physicians * Articles cover the latest developments such as nanotechnology, fiber optics, and signal processing

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Ablation, Activity Instrumentation, Alloys, Shape Memory, Ambulatory Monitoring, Analytical Methods, Automated, Anesthesia Machines, Anesthesia, Computers In, Anger Camera, Anorectal Manometry, Arrhythmia Analysis, Automated, Arteries, Elastic Properties Of, Audiometry, Biocompatibility Overview: Classes Of Materials, Inflammation, Infection, Bioelectrodes, Biofeedback, Bioheat Transfer, Bioinformatics, Biological Effects Of Ionizing Radiation, Biological Effects Of Nonionizing Electromagnetic Radiation, Biomagnetism, Biomaterials For Dentistry, Biomaterials, Absorbable, Biomaterials, An Overview, Biomaterials, Bioceramics, Biomaterials, Carbon, Biomaterials, Corrosion And Wear Of, Biomaterials, Polymers, Biomaterials, Surface Properties Of, Biomaterials, Testing And Structural Properties, Biomaterials, Tissue Engineering And Scaffolds, Biomechanics Of Exercise Fitnesss, Biomedical Engineering Education, Biomedical Engineering Literature, Biosurface Engineering, Cell Patterning, Biotelemetry, Bladder Dysfunction, Neurostimulation Of, Blind And Visually Impaired, Assisted Devices For, Blood Collection And Processing, Blood Gas Measurement, Blood Pressure Measurement, Blood Pressure, Automatic Control Of, Blood Rheology, Blood, Artificial, Bone And Teeth, Properties Of, Bone Cement, Acrylic, Bone Density Measurement, Bone Ununited Fracture, Electrical Treatment Of, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, Brachytherapy, High Dosage Rate, Brachytherapy, Intravascular, Capacitive Sensors, Carbon Dioxide Analyzers, Carbon Dioxide Electrodes, Arterial And Transcutaneous, Cardiac Accelerometer, Cardiac Output, Indicator Dilution Measurement Of, Cardiac Output, Thermodilution Measurement Of, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Cartilage And Menisci, Properties Of, Cell Counters, Blood, Cell Cultures, Mammalian, Cellular Imaging, Chemotherapy, Chromatography, Cine And Photospot Cameras, Clinical Chemistry, Applications Of Computers In, Co2 Electrode And Transcutaneous Co2 Electrode, Cobalt 60 Units For Radiometry, Cochlear Prostheses, Codes And Regulations, Codes And Regulations, Radiation, Colorimetry, Colostomy, Surgery And Equipment, Colposcopy, Communication Devices, Communicative Disorders, Computer Applications For, Composite Resins, Computed Tomography, Computed Tomography Screening, Computed Tomography Simulators, Computed Tomography, Single Photon Emission, Computers In The Biomedical Laboratory, Contact Lenses, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (Cpap), Contraceptive Devices, Coronary Angioplasty *(And Diagnostics)*, Cryosurgery, Cutaneous Blood Flow, Laser Doppler Measurement Of, Cystic Fibrosis, Sweat Test, Cytology , Automated, Defibrillators, Electrical, Differential Counts, Automated, Diffusion-Based Arrays, Digital Angiography, Digital Imaging And Computing, Digital Radiography Systems, Dna Sequence, Drug Delivery Systems, Drug Infusion Systems, Echocardiography And Doppler Echocardiography, Electroanalgesia, Systemic, Electrocardiographic Monitors, Electrocardiography, Electrocardiography, Computers In, Electrochemical Sensors, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Electroencephalography: Brain Electrical Activity, Electrogastrogram, Electromyography, Electron Microscopy, Electroneurography: Nerve Conduction Studies, Electrophoresis, Electrophysiology, Electroradiography, Electroretinography, Electrosurgical Unit, Endoscopes, Engineered Tissue, Environmental Control Units, Equipment Acquisition, Equipment Control Program, Equipment Maintenance, Biomedical, Esophageal Manometry, Evoked Potentials, Exercise Stress Testing, Eye Movement Measurement Techniques, Fetal Monitoring, Fiber Optics In Medicine, Fick Technique, Flame Photometry, Flowmeters, Electromagnetic, Fluorescence Measurements, Functional Electrical Stimulation, Gait Analysis, Gamma Knife, Gas And Vacuum Systems, Centrally Piped Medical, Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage, Genitourinary Prosthesis, Glucose Sensors, Heart Valve Prostheses, Heart Valve Prostheses, Heart Valve Prostheses In Vitro Flow Dynamics, Heart, Artificial, Heart, Total Artificial, Heart-Lung Machines, Heat And Cold, Therapeutic, Hemodynamics, High Frequency Ventilation, Hip Joints, Artificial, Home Health Care Devices, Hospital Information Systems, Human Factors In Medical Devices, Hydrocephalus, Tools For Diagnosis And Devices For Treatment, Hyperbaric Medicine, Hyperbaric Oxygenation, Hyperthermia, Interstitial, Hyperthermia, Systemic, Hyperthermia, Ultrasonic, Image Intensifiers, Imaging Devices, Immunologically Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors, Immunotherapy, Impedance Cardiography, Impedance Plethysmorgraphy, Impedance Spectroscopy, Incubators, Infant, Intelligent House, Intraaortic Balloon Pump, Intrauterine Surgical Techniques, Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Devices, Joints, Biomechanics Of, Kidney, Artificial, Laryngeal Prosthetic Devices, Laser Scalpel, Laser Surgery, Legal Issues In Medical Computing, Legal Liability In Medical Devices, Lenses, Intraocular, Ligaments And Tendons, Properties Of, Linear Accelerator, Medical, Linear Variable Differential Transformers, Lithotripsy, Liver Tranasplantation, Locomotion Measurement, Human, Lung Sounds, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mammography, Mass Spectrometers In Medical Monitoring, Medical Education, Computers In, Medical Engineering Societies, Organizations, Medical Gas Analyzers, Medical Physics Literature, Medical Physics, History Of, Medical Records, Computers In, Microarrays, Microbial Detection Systems, Microbioreactors, Microdialysis, Microfluidics, Microneural Probes, Micropower, Microscopy, Confocal, Microscopy, Electron, Microscopy, Fluorescent, Microscopy, Nearfield Scanning Optical, Microscopy, Scanning Force, Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling, Microsurgery, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mobility Aids, Monitoring In Anesthesia, Monitoring, Hemodynamic, Monitoring, Intracranial Pressure, Monitoring, Umbilical Artery And Vein, Monoclonal Antibodies, Mumps Programming Language, Nanoparticles, Neonatal Monitoring, Neuromuscular Blockade, Monitoring Of, Neutron Activation Analysis, Neutron Beam Therapy, Nitrogen Analyzers, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Nuclear Medicine Instrumentation, Nuclear Medicine, Computers In, Nutrition, Parenteral, Nystagmography, Obstetrics And Gynecology, Computers In, Ocular Fundus Reflectometry, Office Automation Systems, Optical Sensors, Optical Tweezers, Orthopedic Devices, Design Of Title Change New: Materials And Design Of Orthopedic Devices, Orthopedics, Prosthesis Fixation For, Oxygen Analyzers, Oxygen Carriers, Acellular, Oxygen Sensors, Pacemakers, Pain Relief Using Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (Tens), Pancreas, Artificial, Peripheral Vascular Noninvasive Measurements, Phantom Materials In Radiology, Pharmacokinetics, Phonocardiography, Photography, Medical, Physiological System Modeling, Picture Archiving & Communication Systems, Piezoelectric Sensors, Pneumotachometers, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Polymeric Materials, Porous Mat erials, Positron Emission Tomography, Prostate Seed Implants, Proton Beam Radiotherapy, Psychiatry, Computers In, Pulmonary Function Testing, Radiation Dose Planning, Computer-Aided, Radiation Dosimetry For Oncology, Radiation Dosimetry, 3-Dimensional, Radiation Oncology Information Systems, Radiation Oncology Quality Assurance, Radiation Protection Instrumentation, Radiation Quantities And Units, Radiation Therapy Simulator, Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning, Monte Carlo Calculations, Radiation Therapy, Intensity, Radio Therapy, Intraoperative, Radiology Information Systems, Radiology, Computer Assisted Detection, Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry, Radiosurgery, Stereotactic, Radiotherapy Accessories, Radiotherapy Treatment Planning, Optimization Of, Radiotherapy, 3-Dimensional Conformal, Radiotherapy, Heavy Ion, Radonuclide Production And Radioactive Decay, Recorders, Graphic, Rehabilitation, Computers In Cognitive, Rehabilitation, Muscle Testing And Therapeutic, Rehabilitation, Orthontics In, Rehabilitation, Prosthetics For, Renal Transplant, Perfusion Equipment, Respiratory Mechanics, Safety Program, Hospital, Scoliosis, Biomechanics Of, Screen-Film Systems, Sexual Instrumentation, Shock, Treatment Of, Simulators, Physiological, Skin Substitues For Burns (Title Changed), Skin Tissue Engineering For Regeneration, Skin, Biomechanics Of, Sleep Laboratory, Sleep Studies, Computer Analysis Of, Speech Pattern Analysis, Spinal Cord Stimulation, Spinal Implants, Spine Biomechanics Of Lumbar, Spine, Biomechanics Of Lumbar Statistical Methods, Statistical Methods, Stereotactic Surgery, Sterilization, Strain Gages, Tactile Stimulation, Telemetry, Teleradiology, Temperature Measurement In The Clinical Setting, Thermistors, Thermocouples, Thermography, Thermometry, Thermometry, Diode New Title: Thermometry, Integrated Circuit, Tissue Engineering, Tomotherapy, Tonometry, Arterial, Tooth And Jaw, Biomechanics Of, Tracer Kinetics, Transport Of The Critically Ill Patient, Ultrasonic Imaging, Ultraviolet Radiation In Medicine, Urodynamic Measurements, Vascular Prosthesis, Ventilators For Anesthesiology, Ventilators, Acute Medical Care, Ventilatory Monitoring, Ventricular Conduction System, Recording From, Visual Field Testing, Visual Prosthesis, X-Ray Attenuation In Matter, X-Ray Equipment Design, X-Ray Quality Control Program, X-Ray Therapy Equip;Ment, Low And Medium Energy, X-Rays, Production Of

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    1356 2010-01-12 01:17:34 2010-01-11 19:47:34 open open 1356 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263240242 email_notification 1263239254 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL PHOTONICS HANDBOOK BY TUAN VO-DINH http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-photonics-handbook-by-tuan-vo-dinh/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 20:13:47 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1360

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    A wide variety of biomedical photonic technologies have been developed recently for clinical monitoring of early disease states; molecular diagnostics and imaging of physiological parameters; molecular and genetic biomarkers; and detection of the presence of pathological organisms or biochemical species of clinical importance. However, available information on this rapidly growing field is fragmented among a variety of journals and specialized books.

    Now researchers and medical practitioners have an authoritative and comprehensive source for the latest research and applications in biomedical photonics. Over 150 leading scientists, engineers, and physicians discuss state-of-the-art instrumentation, methods, and protocols in the Biomedical Photonics Handbook. Editor-in-Chief Tuan Vo-Dinh and an advisory board of distinguished scientists and medical experts ensure that each of the 65 chapters represents the latest and most accurate information currently available.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION
    • 1. Biomedical Photonics: A Revolution at the Interface of Science and Technology, T. Vo-Dinh
    PHOTONICS AND TISSUE OPTICS
    • 2. Optical Properties of Tissues, J. Mobley and T. Vo-Dinh
    • 3. Light-Tissue Interactions, V.V. Tuchin
    • 4. Theoretical Models and Algorithms in Optical Diffusion Tomography, S.J. Norton and T. Vo-Dinh
    PHOTONIC DEVICES
    • 5. Laser Light in Biomedicine and the Life Sciences: From the Present to the Future, V.S. Letokhov
    • 6. Basic Instrumentation in Photonics, T. Vo-Dinh
    • 7. Optical Fibers and Waveguides for Medical Applications, I. Gannot and M. Ben David
    • 8. Biological Imaging Spectroscopy, G. Bearman and R. Levenson
    PHOTONIC DETECTION AND IMAGING TECHNIQUES
    • 9. Lifetime-Based Imaging, P. Herman, H.-J. Lin, and J.R. Lakowicz
    • 10. Confocal Microscopy, T. Wilson
    • 11. Two-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy, P.T.C. So, C.Y. Dong, and B.R. Masters
    • 12. Near-Field Imaging in Biological and Biomedical Applications, V. Deckert
    • 13. Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging, J.G. Fujimoto and M. Brezinski
    • 14. Speckle Correlometry, D.A. Zimnyakov and V.V. Tuchin
    • 15. Laser Doppler Perfusion Monitoring and Imaging, G.E. Nilsson, E.G. Salerud, T. Stromberg, and K. Wardell
    • 16. Light Scatter Spectroscopy and Imaging of Cellular and Subcellular Events, N.N. Boustany and N.V. Thakor
    • 17. Thermal Imaging, J. Gore
    BIOMEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS I
    • 18. Glucose Diagnostics, G.L. Cote and R.J. McNichols
    • 19. In Vitro Clinical Diagnostic Instrumentation, G. Cohn and R. Domanik
    • 20. Biosensors for Medical Applications, T. Vo-Dinh and L. Allain
    • 21. Functional Imaging with Diffusing Light, A.G. Yodh and D.A. Boas
    • 22. Photon Migration Spectroscopy Frequency-Domain Techniques, A.E. Cerussi and B.J. Tromberg
    • 23. Atomic Spectroscopy for Biological and Clinical Analysis, A. Taylor
    • 24. Capillary Electrophoresis Techniques in Biomedical Analysis, S.D. Gilman and M.J. Sepaniak
    • 25. Flow Cytometry, Francis Mandy, R. Varro and D. Recktenwald
    • 26. X-Ray Diagnostic Techniques, X. Wu, A.E. Deans, and H. Liu
    • 27. Optical Pumping and MRI of Hyperpolarized Spins, X. Wu, T. Nishino, and H. Liu
    BIOMEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS II: OPTICAL BIOPSY
    • 28. Fluorescence Spectroscopy for Biomedical Diagnostics, T. Vo-Dinh and B.M. Cullum
    • 29. Elastic-Scattering Spectroscopy and Diffuse Reflectance, J.R. Mourant and I.J. Bigio
    • 30. Raman Spectroscopy: From Benchtop to Bedside, A. Mahadevan-Jansen
    • 31. Quantitative Characterization of Biological Tissue Using Optical Spectroscopy, I. Georgakoudi, J. Motz, V. Backman, G. Angheloiu, A. Haka, M. Muller, R. Dasari, and M.S. Feld
    • 32. Recent Developments in Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Microspectroscopic Methods for Biomedical Analyses: From Single Point Detection to Two-Dimensional Imaging, R. Bhargava and I.W. Levin
    • 33. Near Infrared Fluorescence Imaging and Spectroscopy in Random Media and Tissues, E.M. Sevick-Muraka, E. Kuwana, A. Godavarty, J.P. Houston, A.B. Thompson, and R. Roy
    • 34. Optoacoustic Tomography, A.A. Oraevsky and A.A. Karabutov
    • 35. Ultrasonically Modulated Optical Imaging, J. Selb, S. Leveque-Fort, A. Dubois, B.C. Forget, L. Pottier, F. Ramaz, and C. Boccara
    THERAPEUTIC AND INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
    • 36. Mechanistic Principles of Photodynamic Therapy, B.W. Henderson and S.O. Gollnick
    • 37. Synthetic Strategies in Designing Porphyrin-Based Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy, R.K. Pandey
    • 38. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) and Clinical Applications, T.J. Dougherty and J.G. Levy
    • 39. Laser Tissue Welding, K.M. McNally-Heintzelman and A.J. Welch
    • 40. Lasers in Dermatology, K. Suthamjariya and R.R. Anderson
    • 41. Lasers in Interventional Pulmonology, A.N. Mathur and P.N. Mathur
    • 42. Lasers in Neurosurgery, D.K. Binder, M.H. Schmidt, R. Du, and M.S. Berger
    • 43. Lasers in Ophthalmology, E. Maguen, T.G. Chu, and D. Boyer
    • 44. Lasers in Otolaryngology, L. Reinish
    • 45. Lasers in Urology, J.T. Leyland II, D.F. Albrecht, and S.H. Selman
    • 46. Therapeutic Applications of Lasers in Gastroenterology, M. Panjehpour and B.F. Overholt
    • 47. Laser Treatment of Breast Tumors, G.M. Briggs, A. Lee, and S.G. Bown
    • 48. Low-Power Laser Therapy, T.I. Karu
    • 49. Image Guided Surgery, R.D. Bucholz and K.A. Laycock
    • 50. Lasers in Dentistry, D. Fried
    ADVANCED BIOPHOTONICS FOR GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS AND MEDICINE
    • 51. Biochips and MicroArrays: Tools for the New Medicine, T. Vo-Dinh
    • 52. Array Technologies and Multiplex Genetic Analysis, Y. Wang, C. Virgos, S. Singh, M.T. Cronin, S.J. Williams, and E.S. Mansfield
    • 53. DNA Sequencing using Fluorescence Detection, S.A. Soper, C.V. Owens, S.J. Lassiter, Y. Xu, and E. Waddell
    • 54. Living Cell Analysis Using Optical Methods, P.M. Viallet and T. Vo-Dinh
    • 55. Amplification Technologies for Optical Detection (PCR, hybrid SDA, FRET), G.D. Griffin, M.W. Williams, D.N. Stratis-Cullum, and T. Vo-Dinh
    • 56. Fluorescent Probes in Biomedical Applications, D.J. Bornhop and K. Licha
    • 57. Novel Fluorescent Molecular Beacon DNA Probes for Biomolecular Recognition, W. Tan, K. Wang, J. Li, X. Fang, S. Shuster, S. Kelley, H. Lou, J.J. Li, T. Beck, and R. Hogrefe
    • 58. Luminescent Quantum Dots as Ultrasensitive and Multicolor Biological Labels, W.C.W. Chan and S. Nie
    • 59. PEBBLE Nanosensors for In Vitro Bioanalysis, Eric Monson, M. Brasuel, M.A. Philbert, and R. Kopelman
    • 60. Nanosensors for Single-Cell Analysis, B.M. Cullum and T. Vo-Dinh
    • 61. Optical Trapping Techniques in Bioanalysis, K. Yasuda
    • 62. In Vivo Bioluminescence Imaging as a Tool for Drug Development, C.H. Contag and P.R. Contag
    • 63. Liposome-Based Systems for Biomedical Diagnostics and Therapy, T. Nguyen, G. Dumitrascu, and Z. Rosenzweig
    • 64. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) for Biomedical Diagnostics, T. Vo-Dinh and D.L. Stokes

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    1360 2010-01-12 01:43:47 2010-01-11 20:13:47 open open biomedical-photonics-handbook-by-tuan-vo-dinh publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263240831 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263240828 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging http://biomedikal.in/encyclopaedia-of-medical-imaging/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 20:15:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1364

    The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging
    Publisher: NICER Institute/ISIS Medical Media | ISBN: 8291942005 | Publish Year: 2001 | CD | 397.95 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    “A review of The Encyclopaedia of Medical Imaging requires superlatives. Truly a magnum opus, it is available either as a CD-ROM or as eight separate volumes, all of which have been created in the past 4 years. This herculean undertaking was directed by editor-in-chief Holger Pettersson with the aid of an assistant editor and associate editors of world renown in radiology, including representatives from both North America and western Europe.” The encyclopedia is not only massive in heft but also broad in scope. The 20,000 entries are arranged alphabetically within each volume, each entry consisting of at least one paragraph often accompanied by high-quality images. The images displayed encompass the full panoply of diagnostic imaging, ranging from conventional radiographs to MR images. The first seven volumes are devoted to physics techniques and procedures, normal anatomy, musculoskeletal and soft-tissue imaging (including breast imaging), gastrointestinal and urogenital imaging, chest and cardiovascular imaging, neuroradiology, and pediatric radiology.

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    1364 2010-01-12 01:45:54 2010-01-11 20:15:54 open open encyclopaedia-of-medical-imaging publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263240960 email_notification 1263240954 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374195";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374196";}";";
    Introduction to the Mathematics of Medical Imaging, 2 Edition By Charles L. Epstein http://biomedikal.in/introduction-to-the-mathematics-of-medical-imaging-2-edition-by-charles-l-epstein/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 20:24:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1366

    Charles L. Epstein, "Introduction to the Mathematics of Medical Imaging, 2 Ed" Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics | 2007 | ISBN: 089871642X | 795 pages | Djvu | 3,7 MB

    BOOKS DESCRIPTION

    At the heart of every medical imaging technology is a sophisticated mathematical model of the measurement process and an algorithm to reconstruct an image from the measured data. This book provides a firm foundation in themathematical tools used to model the measurements and derive the reconstruction algorithms used in most imaging modalities in current use. In the process, it also covers many important analytic concepts and techniques used in Fourier analysis, integral equations, sampling theory, and noise analysis. This text uses X-ray computed tomography as a "pedagogical machine" to illustrate important ideas and incorporates extensive discussions of background material making the more advancedmathematical topics accessible to readers with a less formal mathematical education. The mathematical concepts are illuminated with over 200 illustrations and numerous exercises. New to the second edition are a chapter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a revised section on the relationship between the continuum and discrete Fourier transforms, a new section on Grangreat s formula, an improved description of the gridding method, and a new section on noise analysis in MRI. Audience The book is appropriate for one- or two-semester courses at the advanced undergraduate or beginning graduate level on themathematical foundations of modern medical imaging technologies. The text assumes an understanding of calculus, linear algebra, and basic mathematical analysis.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Preface to the Second Edition; Preface; How to Use This Book; Notational Conventions; Chapter 1: Measurements and Modeling; Chapter 2: Linear Models and Linear Equations; Chapter 3: A Basic Model for Tomography; Chapter 4: Introduction to the Fourier Transform; Chapter 5: Convolution; Chapter 6: The Radon Transform; Chapter 7: Introduction to Fourier Series; Chapter 8: Sampling; Chapter 9: Filters; Chapter 10: Implementing Shift Invariant Filters; Chapter 11: Reconstruction in X-Ray Tomography; Chapter 12: Imaging Artifacts in X-Ray Tomography; Chapter 13: Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques; Chapter 14:Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Chapter 15: Probability and Random Variables; Chapter 16: Applications of Probability; Chapter 17: Random Processes; Appendix A: Background Material; Appendix B: Basic Analysis; Index.

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    1366 2010-01-12 01:54:21 2010-01-11 20:24:21 open open introduction-to-the-mathematics-of-medical-imaging-2-edition-by-charles-l-epstein publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263241493 email_notification 1263241473 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Bionanotechnology: Lessons from Nature By David S. Goodsell http://biomedikal.in/bionanotechnology-lessons-from-nature-by-david-s-goodsell/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 21:02:21 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1368

    ISBN: 047141719X Title: Bionanotechnology : Lessons from Nature Author: David S. Goodsell Publisher: Wiley-Liss Publication Date: 2004-01-29 Number Of Pages: 352

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Discussions of the basic structural, nanotechnology, and system engineering principles, as well as an introductory overview of essential concepts and methods in biotechnology, will be included.  Text is presented side-by-side with extensive use of high-quality illustrations prepared using cutting edge computer graphics techniques.  Includes numerous examples, such applications in genetic engineering.  Represents the only available introduction and overview of this interdisciplinary field, merging the physical and biological sciences.  Concludes with the authors' expert assessment of the future promise of nanotechnology, from molecular "tinkertoys" to nanomedicine.  David Goodsell is author of two trade books, Machinery of Life and Our Molecular Nature, and Arthur Olson is the world's leader in molecular graphics and nano-scale representation.

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    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    1. The Quest for Nanotechnology.Biotechnology and the Two-Week Revolution. From Biotechnology to Bionanotechnology. What is Bionanotechnology? 2. Bionanomachines in Action. The Unfamiliar World of Bionanomachines. Gravity and Inertia are Negligible at the Nanoscale. Nanomachines Show Atomic Granularity. Thermal Motion is a Significant Force at the Nanoscale. Bionanomachines Require a Water Environment. Modern Biomaterials. Most Natural Bionanomachines are Composed of Protein. Nucleic Acids Carry Information. Lipids are Used for Infrastructure. Polysaccharides are Used in Specialized Structural Roles. The Legacy of Evolution. Evolution has Placed Significant Limitations on the Properties of Natural Biomolecules. Guided Tours of Natural Bionanomachinery. 3. Biomolecular Design and Biotechnology. Recombinant DNA Technology. DNA may be Engineered with Commercially Available Enzymes. Site-Directed Mutagenesis makes Specific Changes in the Genome. Fusion Proteins Combine Two Functions. Monoclonal Antibodies. Biomolecular Structure Determination. X-ray Crystallography Provides Atomic Structures. NMR Spectroscopy may be Used to Derive Atomic Structures. Electron Microscopy Reveals Molecular Morphology. Atomic Force Microscopy Probes the Surface of Biomolecules. Molecular Modeling. Bionanomachines are Visualized with Computer Graphics. Computer Modeling is Used to Predict Biomolecular Structure and Function. The Protein Folding Problem. Docking Simulations Predict the Modes of Biomolecular Interaction. New Functionalities are Developed with Computer-Assisted Molecular Design. 4. Structural Principles of Bionanotechnology. Natural Bionanomachinery is Designed for a Specific Environment. A Hierarchical Strategy Allows Construction of Nanomachines. The Raw Materials: Biomolecular Structure and Stability. Molecules are Composed of Atoms Linked by Covalent Bonds. Dispersion and Repulsion Forces Act at Close Range. Hydrogen Bonds Provide Stability and Specificity. Electrostatic Interactions are Formed Between Charged Atoms. The Hydrophobic Effect Stabilizes Biomolecules in Water. Protein Folding. Not All Protein Sequences Adopt Stable Structures. Globular Proteins have a Hierarchical Structure. Stable Globular Structure Requires a Combination of Design Strategies. Chaperones Provide the Optimal Environment for Folding. Rigidity Can Make Proteins More Stable at High Temperatures. Many Proteins Make Use of Disorder. Self-Assembly. Symmetry Allows Self-Assembly of Stable Complexes with Defined Size. Quasisymmetry is Used to Build Assemblies too Large for Perfect Symmetry. Crowded Conditions Promote Self-Assembly. Self-Organization. Lipids Self-Organize into Bilayers. Lipid Bilayers are Fluid. Proteins May be Designed to Self-Organize with Lipid Bilayers. Molecular Recognition. Crane Principles for Molecular Recognition. Atomicity Limits the Tolerance of Combining Sites. Flexibility. Biomolecules Show Flexibility at All Levels. Flexibility Poses Great Challenges for the Design of Bionanomachines. 5. Functional Principles of Bionanotechnology. Information-Driven Nanoassembly. Nucleic Acids Carry Genetic Information. Ribosomes Construct Proteins. Information is Stored in Very Compact Form. Energetics. Chemical Energy is Transferred by Carrier Molecules. Light is Captured with Specialized Small Molecules. Protein Pathways Transfer Single Electrons. Electrical Conduction and Change Transfer have Been Observed in DNA. Electrochemical Gradients are Created across Membranes. Chemical Transformation. Enzymes Reduce the Entropy of a Chemical Reaction. Enzymes Create Environments that Stabilize Transition States. Enzymes Use Chemical Tools to Perform a Reaction. Regulation. Protein Activity May be Regulated through Allosteric Motions. Protein Action May be Regulated by Covalent Modification. Biomaterials. Helical Assembly of Subunits Forms Filaments and Fibrils. Microscale Infractures is Built from Fibrous Components. Minerals are Combined with Biomaterials for Special Applications. Elastic Proteins Use Disordered Chains. Cells Make Specific and General Adhesives. Biomolecular Motors. ATP Powers Linear Motors. ATP Synthase and Flagellar Motors are Rotary Motors. Brownian Ratchets Rectify Random Thermal Motions. Traffic Across Membranes. Potassium Channels Use a Selectivity Filter. ABC Transporters Use a Flip-Flop Mechanism. Bacteriorhodopsin Uses Light to Pump Protons. Biomolecular Sensing. Smell and Taste Detect Specific Molecules. Light is Sensed by Monitoring Light-Sensitive Motions in Retinal. Mechanosensory Receptors Sense Motion Across a Membrane. Bacteria Sense Chemical Gradients by Rectification of Random Motion. Self-Replication. Cells are Autonomous Self-Replicators. The Basic Design of Cells is Shaped by the Processes of Evolution. Machine-Phase Bionanotechnology. Muscle Sarcomeres. Nerves. 6. Bionanotechnology Today. Basic Capabilities. Natural Proteins May be Simplified. Proteins are Being Designed from Scratch. Proteins May be Constructed with Nonnatural Amino Acids. Peptide Nucleic Acids Provide a Stable Alternative to DNA and RNA. Nanomedicine Today. Computer-Aided Drug has Produced Effective Anti-AIDS Drugs. Immunotoxins are Targeted Cell Killers. Drugs May be Delivered with Liposomes. Artificial Blood Saves Lives. Gene Therapy will Correct Genetic Defects. General Medicine is Changing into Personalized Medicine. Self-Assembly at Many Scales. Self-Assembling DNA Scaffolds have Been Constructed. Cyclic Peptides Form Nanotubes. Fusion Proteins Self-Assemble into Extended Structures. Small Organic Molecules Self-Assemble into Large Structures. Larger Objects May be Self-Assembled. Harnessing Molecular Motors. ATP Synthase is Used as a Rotary Motor. Molecular Machines have Been Built of DNA. DNA Computers. The First DNA Computer Solved a Traveling Salesman Problem. Satisfiability Problems are Solved by DNA Computing. A Turning Machine has Been Built with DNA. Molecular Design Using Biological Selection. Antibodies May be Turned into Enzymes. Peptides May be Screened with Bacteriophage Display Libraries. Nucleic Acids with Novel Functions May be Selected. Functional Bionanomachines are Surprisingly Common. Artificial Life. Artificial Protocells Reproduce by Budding. Self-Replicating Molecules are in Elusive Goal. ATP is Made with  an Artificial Photosynthetic Liposome. Poliovirus has Been Created with Only a Genetic Blueprint. Hybrid Materials. Nanoscale Conductive Metal Wires May be Constructed with DNA. Patterned Aggregates of Gold Nanoparticles are Formed with DNA. DNA Flexes a Sensitive Mechanical Lever. Researchers are Harnessing Biomineralization. Biosensors. Antibodies are Widely Used as Biosensors. Biosensors Detect Glucose Levels for Management of Diabetes. Engineered Nanopores Detect Specific DNA Sequences. 7. The Future of Bionanotechnology. A Timetable for Bionanotechnology. Lessons for Molecular Nanotechnology. Three Case Studies. Case Study: Nanotube Synthase. Case Study: A General Nanoscale Assembler. Case Study: Nanosurveillance. Ethical Considerations. Respect for Life. Potential Dangers. Final Thoughts. Literature. Sources. Index.
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    1368 2010-01-12 02:32:21 2010-01-11 21:02:21 open open bionanotechnology-lessons-from-nature-by-david-s-goodsell publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263244137 email_notification 1263243746 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374194";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374195";}";";
    BIONNOTECHNOLOGY BY ELISABETH S.PAPAZOGLOUA http://biomedikal.in/1372/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 21:12:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1372
    BioNanotechnology by Elizabeth Papazoglou Morgan and Claypool Publishers | ISBN 1598291386 | 2007-08-21 | PDF | 139 Pages | 4.6 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This book aims to provide vital information about the growing field of bionanotechnology for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as working professionals in various fields. The fundamentals of nanotechnology are covered along with several specific bionanotechnology applications, including nanobioimaging and drug delivery which is a growing $100 billions industry. The uniqueness of the field has been brought out with unparalleled lucidity; a balance between important insight into the synthetic methods of preparing stable nano-structures and medical applications driven focus educates and informs the reader on the impact of this emerging field. Critical examination of potential threats followed by a current global outlook completes the discussion. In short, the book takes you through a journey from fundamentals to frontiers of bionanotechnology so that you can understand and make informed decisions on the impact of bionano on your career and business.

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    CONTENTS

    Introduction 0.1 Bionanotechnology: A Historical Perspective 0.2 Nanotechnology and Bionanotechnology 0.3 Notable Nanoimages in Bionanotechnology 0.3.1 AFM-Qd 0.3.2 Nano-drug Delivery Chip 0.3.3 Atomic Force Microscopy Image (AFM) of SWNT 0.3.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy Image (SEM) of SWNT 0.4 Opportunities and Challenges of Bionanotechnology 0.5 Growth potential of Nanotechnology and Related Expenditures References 1. The Significance of Nano Domain 1.1 Limitations of Micron Size 1.2 Need for Nano-Size—Surface Volume Ratio Significance 1.3 Significance and Key Features of Nano-Size 1.4 Derivation of Bohr’s Atomic Radius of a Hydrogen Atom 1.5 Comparison of Particle Behavior at Nano-Size to Macro Size: Gold and Titania 1.6 Advantages of Scaling Down—Nano-Size References 2. Nano Drug Delivery 2.1 Conventional Drug Delivery 2.1.1 First Pass Effect 2.1.2 Routes of Delivery 2.2 Targeted Drug Delivery 2.3 Chemistry of Drug Delivery Vehicles 2.3.1 Nanocapsules 2.3.2 Unilamellar Liposomal Vesicles 2.3.3 Nanoparticles 2.3.4 Microemulsions 2.4 Delivery Profiles 2.4.1 Rate-Preprogrammed Drug Delivery Systems 2.4.2 Activation-Modulated Drug Delivery Systems 2.4.3 Feedback-Regulated Drug Delivery Systems 2.4.4 Site-Targeting Drug Delivery Systems 2.5 The Role of Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery 2.5.1 Transdermal 2.5.2 Blood Brain Barrier 2.6 Advantages of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems References 3. BioNanoimaging 3.1 Quantum Dots 3.2 Ultrasound Contrast Agents 3.3 Magnetic Nanoparticles References 4. Successful Applications of Bionanotechnology 4.1 Nanostructures and Nanosystems 4.1.1 Nanopore Technology 4.1.2 Nano Self-Assembling Systems 4.1.3 Cantilevers 4.1.4 Nanoarrays 4.2 Nanoparticles 4.2.1 Quantum Dots (QDs) 4.2.2 Paramagnetic Iron Oxide Crystals 4.2.3 Dendrimers 4.2.4 Carbon Nanotubes 4.2.5 Nanosomes and Polymersomes 4.3 In Vitro Diagnostics 4.4 Medical Application of Nanosystems and Nanoparticles 4.4.1 Drug Delivery Applications 4.4.2 Nanoparticles in Molecular Imaging 4.5 Summary and Conclusions References 5. Synthesis of Gold, Titania, and Zinc Oxide 5.1 Synthesis of Gold 5.1.1 Background 5.1.2 Brust Method of Synthesis of Thiol Derivatized Gold NPs by Biphasic Reduction 5.1.3 Gold Colloids 5.1.4 Gold Nanofilm 5.1.5 Gold Nanorods 5.2 Synthesis of Titania Nanostructures 5.2.1 Background 5.2.2 Solvo-Thermal Synthesis of Titania Nano Crystals 5.2.3 Sol-Gel Template Synthesis of Titania Nano Tubes and Rods 5.2.4 Overview of Other Synthesis Methods 5.3 Synthesis of Zinc Oxide 5.3.1 Background 5.3.2 The Solid-Vapor Synthesis of ZnO 5.1 5.1.1 Brust Method of Synthesis of Thiol Derivatized Gold NPs by Biphasic Reduction 5.2 5.2.1 Solvo-Thermal Synthesis of Titania Nano Crystals 5.2.2 Sol-Gel Template Synthesis of Titania Nano Tubes and Rods 5.2.3 Overview of Other Synthesis Methods 5.3 5.3.1 The Solid-Vapor Synthesis of ZnO: Horizontal Tube Furnace 5.3.2 Wurtzite Structure of ZnO References 6. Is Bionanotechnology a Panacea? 6.1 Background 6.2 Primary Concerns 6.3 Assessing Potential Risks 6.3.1 Inhalation 6.3.2 Contact/Dermal Delivery 6.3.3 Other Routes of Contact 6.3.4 Environmental Impacts of NPs and the Food Chain 6.3.5 Explosion Hazards 6.4 Lessons from the Past 6.5 Conclusion References 7. Roadmap to Realization of Bionanotechnology 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Nano Vision: the Futuristic Goals of Bionanotech 7.3 Working toward Realization: Current Progress 7.4 Screenshot of Reality: Bionano-Unbiased/Uncensored 7.5 The Nano Mission: Roadmap to Realization of Translation Research 7.5.1 Bionano in the US 7.5.2 Bio-Nano in Japan 7.5.3 Bio-Nano in UK 7.5.4 UK–Japan Joint Initiative for Bionanotechnology 7.5.5 The EU Initiative in Bionanotech 7.5.6 Bionano in Asia
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    1372 2010-01-12 02:42:00 2010-01-11 21:12:00 open open 1372 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263362203 email_notification 1263244325 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374194";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374193";}";";
    Bionanotechnology: Proteins to Nanodevices By V. Renugopalakrishnan , Randy V. Lewis http://biomedikal.in/bionanotechnology-proteins-to-nanodevices-by-v-renugopalakrishnan-randy-v-lewis/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 21:18:55 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1375

    V. Renugopalakrishnan (Editor), Randy V. Lewis (Editor), Bionanotechnology: Proteins to Nanodevices Springer | Pages: 312 | 2006-06-01 | ISBN / ASIN: 1402042191 | PDF | 30,7 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Bionanotechnology is the key integrative technology of the 21st century and aims to use the knowledge, gathered from the natural construction of cellular systems, for the advancement of science and engineering. Investigating the topology and communication processes of cell parts can lead to invention of novel biological devices with exciting applications. Though microscale to nanoscale research offers an excellent space for the development of futuristic technologies, a number of challenges must be overcome. Due to paucity of a dedicated literature on the protein based nanodevices we bring you this monograph that combines collective research works of scientists probing into this fascinating universe of bionanotechnology. The monograph has been written with an aim of surveying engineering design principles of biomolecular nanodevices, prototype nanodevices based on redox proteins, bacteriorhodopsins and natural fibers, and touching upon the future developments in the field.

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    1375 2010-01-12 02:48:55 2010-01-11 21:18:55 open open bionanotechnology-proteins-to-nanodevices-by-v-renugopalakrishnan-randy-v-lewis publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263244739 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263244736 _wpas_done_yup 1 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374191";}";"; delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263374192";}";";
    REQUEST SECTION FOR BOOKS & NOTES http://biomedikal.in/check-out-my-guestbook/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 22:19:34 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/12/check-out-my-guestbook/ 1379 2010-01-12 03:49:34 2010-01-11 22:19:34 open open check-out-my-guestbook publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1263248375 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263334026 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373799";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373800";}";"; EMPLOYMENT NEWS 9 JANUARY 2010 http://biomedikal.in/employment-news-9-january-2010/ Mon, 11 Jan 2010 22:52:10 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1384 Recruitment of Lecturers in UP Higher Education Services Commission Vacancies in BUNDELKHAND UNIVERSITY Recruitment of Stenographers in Department of Atomic Energy Assistant Vacancies in Archaeological Survey of India Recruitment in Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission Vacancies of Officer in Punjab Public Service Commission Recruitment of Multible Positions in Anna University Vacancies of Assistant in Food Corporation of India Recruitment of Multible Positions in Union Public Service Commission Vacancies of Officer in THE INDIAN NAVY Recruitment of Multible Positions in Punjabi University Walk-In Interview at Satyawadi Raja Harish Chander Hospital Vacancies of Project Assistant in Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute Recruitment in National Fertilizers Limited Vacancies of Multible Positions in LGB Regional Institute of Mental Health Recruitment in Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan Vacancies of Engineer in GAIL Gas Limited Recruitment in Air India Air Transport Services Limited Vacancies of Engineer in RITES LIMITED Vacancies of Artisans in Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited Recruitment of Clerk in Uttar Bihar Gramin Bank Vacancies of Medical Officer in Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd Recruitment of Engineer in Canter for Development of Advance Computing Vacancies in Canter for Development of Advance Computing Recruitment of Manager in Unique Identification Authority of India Vacancies of Faculty in National Institute of Technology Vacancies of Assistant in Archaeological Survey of India Recruitment of Faculty in Punjab University Vacancies of Manager in Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India Ltd Recruitment of Officer in Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited Recruitment of Faculty in MOHANLAL SUKHADIA UNIVERSITY Vacancies of Scientific Officer in Union Public Service Commission Recruitment of Multible Positions in Delhi Subordinate Services Selection Board Vacancies of Officer in National Institute of Open Schooling Recruitment of Multible Positions in Government Medical College & Hospital Vacancies of Engineer in National Council of Science Museums Faculty Recruitment in Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Vacancies in Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission
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    Design of VLSI Systems http://biomedikal.in/design-of-vlsi-systems/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 07:54:37 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1387 BOOK DESCRIPTION Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating integrated circuits by combining thousands of transistor-based circuits into a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when complex semiconductor and communication technologies were being developed. The microprocessor is a VLSI device. The term is no longer as common as it once was, as chips have increased in complexity into the hundreds of millions of transistors. The first semiconductor chips held one transistor each. Subsequent advances added more and more transistors, and as a consequence more individual functions or systems were integrated over time. The first integrated circuits held only a few devices, perhaps as many as ten diodes, transistors, resistors and capacitors, making it possible to fabricate one or more logic gates on a single device. Now known retroactively as “small-scale integration” (SSI), improvements in technique led to devices with hundreds of logic gates, known as large-scale integration (LSI), i.e. systems with at least a thousand logic gates. The same process led to ICs with thousands of devices, becoming LSI. Current technology has moved far past this mark and today’s microprocessors have many millions of gates and hundreds of millions of individual transistors. Start reading by clicking on the link below:- The whole ebook Chapter 1 – Introduction to VLSI Systems Chapter 2 – CMOS Fabrication Technology and Design Rules Chapter 3 – Full-Custom Mask Layout System Chapter 4 – Parasitic Extraction and Performance Estimation from Physical Structure Chapter 5 – Clock Signals and System Timing Chapter 6 – Arithmetic for Digital Systems Chapter 7 – Low-Power VLSI Circuits and Systems Chapter 8 – Testability of Integrated Systems Chapter 9 – Fuzzy Logic Systems Chapter 10 – VLSI For Multimedia Applications – Case Study: Digital TV Chapter 11 – VLSI For Telecommunication Systems Chapter 12 – Digital Signal Processing Architectures Chapter 13 – Architectures for video processing
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    1387 2010-01-12 13:24:37 2010-01-12 07:54:37 open open design-of-vlsi-systems publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263282957 email_notification 1263282878 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HANDBOOK OF OPERATIONAL AMPILFIER APPLICATIONS http://biomedikal.in/handbook-of-operational-ampilfier-applications/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 08:02:07 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1390 DOWNLOAD LINKS DOWNLOAD BOOK]]> 1390 2010-01-12 13:32:07 2010-01-12 08:02:07 open open handbook-of-operational-ampilfier-applications publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263283334 email_notification 1263283329 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373776";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373777";}";"; BIOINSTRUMENTATION & BIOSENSORS BY DONALD L.WISE http://biomedikal.in/bioinstrumentation-biosensors-by/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 09:02:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1393

    BOOK OVERVIEW

    Product Details

    • Pub. Date: January 1991
    • Publisher: CRC Press
    • Format: Hardcover, 824pp

    Synopsis

    This reference text consists of contributed chapters by specialists directly carrying out research and development in this emerging field which joins advanced microelectronics with modern biotechnology. Chapters present novel biotechnology-based microelectronic instruments, such as those used for de

    Booknews

    This reference text consists of contributed chapters by specialists directly carrying out research and development in this emerging field which joins advanced microelectronics with modern biotechnology. Chapters present novel biotechnology-based microelectronic instruments, such as those used for detection of very low levels of hazardous chemicals, as well as new medical diagnostic instruments. In the medical diagnostics area, bioinstrumentation and biosensors are described that provide for direct assay and readout of antibody/antigen binding information (in contrast to traditional immunological systems in which an electrical instrument is used simply as an observer). Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

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    1393 2010-01-12 14:32:19 2010-01-12 09:02:19 open open bioinstrumentation-biosensors-by publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263287413 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263286943 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    HOW TO ACE ANY JOB INTERVIEW? IN JUST 30 MINUTES OR FREE http://biomedikal.in/1397/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 09:13:44 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/12/1397/ Image Hosted by pixs.ru

    Publisher: Wingas of Success | ASIN: B0030ZRLR2 | edition December 15, 2009 | PDF | 82 pages | 1.3 mb

    Times are tought and you need every advanatge you can get. Trying to find a job is hard enough, not to mention actually being the one hired. Before your next job interview be prepared by reading this free HOW TO ACE ANY INTERVIEW book and land that job!

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    1397 2010-01-12 14:43:44 2010-01-12 09:13:44 open open 1397 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1263287627 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _edit_lock 1263287680 _edit_last 11062180
    BASICS OF ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY FROM IIT KHARAGPUR http://biomedikal.in/basics-of-electrical-technology-from-iit-kharagpur/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 09:19:51 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1399

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    CONTENTS

    Module 1 Introduction Lesson 1 - Introducing the Course on Basic Electrical Lesson 2 - Generation, Transmission and Distributio of Electic Power an Overwiew Module 2 DC Circuit Lesson 3 Introducing of Electric Circuit Lesson 4 Loop Analysis of resistive circuit in the context of dc voltages and currents Lesson 5 Node-voltage analysis of resistive Circuit in the context of dc voltages and currents Lesson 6 Wye - Delta or Deta - Wye Transformations Lesson 7 Superposition Theorem in the context of dc voltages and current sources acting in a resistive network Lesson 8 Thevenin's and Norton' theorems in the context of dc voltage and current sources in acting in a resistive network Lesson 9 Analysis of dc resistive network in presence of one non-linear element Module 3 R-L & R-C Transients Lesson 10 Study of DC transients in R-L and R-C circuits Lesson 11 Study of DC transients in R-L-C Circuits Module 4 Single-phase AC Circuits Lesson 12 Generation of Sinusoidal Voltage Waveform (AC) and some fundamental Concepts Lesson 13 Representation of Sinusoidal Signal by a Phasor and Solution of Current in R-L-C Series Circuits Lesson 14 Solution of Current in R-L-C Series Circuits Lesson 15 Solution of Current in AC Series and Parallel Circuits Lesson 16 Solution of Current AC Parallael and Series-parallel Circuits Lesson 17 Resonance in Series and Parallel Circuits Lesson 18 Three-phase Balanced Supply Module 5 Three-phase AC Circuits Lesson 19 Three-phase Delta-Connected Balanced Load Lesson 20 Measurement of Power in a Three-phase Circuit Module 6 Magnetic Circuits and Core Losses Lesson 21 Magnetic Circuits Lesson 22 Eddy Current & Hysteresis Loss Module 7 Transformer Lesson 23 Ideal Transformer Lesson 24 Practical Transformer Lesson 25 Testing, Efficiency & Regulation Lesson 26 Three Phase Transformer Lesson 27 Autotransformer Lesson 28 Problem solving on Transformers Module 8 Three-phase Induction Motor Lesson 29 Rotating Magnetic Field in three-phase Induction Motor Lesson 30 Construction and Principle of Operation of IM Lesson 31 Equivalent Circuit and Power Flow Diagram of IM Lesson 32 Torque Slip (speed) Characteristics of Induction Motor (IM) Lesson 33 Different Types of Startes for Induction Motor (IM) Module 9 DC Machines Lesson 35 Constructional Features of D.C Machines Lesson 36 Principles of Operation of D.C Machines Lesson 37 AMF & Torque Equation Lesson 38 D.C Generators Lesson 39 D.C Motors Lesson 40 Losses, Efficiency and Testing of D.C Machines Lesson 41 Problem Solving on D.C Machines Module 10 Measuring Instruments Lesson 42 Study of DC-AC Measuring Instruments Lesson 43 Study of Electro-Dynamic Type Instruments Lesson 44 Study of Single Phase Induction Type Energy Meter or Watt-hour Meter

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    1399 2010-01-12 14:49:51 2010-01-12 09:19:51 open open basics-of-electrical-technology-from-iit-kharagpur publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263288017 email_notification 1263288007 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    LIST OF ALL BIOMEDICAL RESOURCES ONLINE http://biomedikal.in/list-of-all-biomedical-resources-online/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 09:34:42 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1402 Literature Searches and Document Delivery: PubMed  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi Includes citations for biomedical articles from MEDLINE and other life science journals. Links to sites providing full text articles are included MedBioWorld http://www.medbioworld.com/med/journals/med-bio.html Links to sites of medical journals Infotrieve http://www4.infotrieve.com/docdelivery.asp Provides delivery of published documents via e-mail, fax, and conventional mail Information about Diseases and Conditions: MayoClinic.com http://www.mayoclinic.com/findinformation/diseasesandconditions/index.cfm Searchable information about diseases and conditions, including signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment PDQ (Physician’s Data Query) http://www.nci.nih.gov/cancerinfo/pdq/cancerdatabase#summaries NCI’s comprehensive cancer database, includes summaries on cancer treatment, screening, prevention, genetics, and supportive care.  The site also includes a registry of cancer clinical trials, and directories of physicians and other professionals providing cancer care Information about Drugs: MayoClinic.com http://www.mayoclinic.com/findinformation/druginformation/index.cfm Searchable information about drugs, including brand names, indications, prescribing information and side effects FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Drug Information http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/default.htm New drug approvals, safety information, public health alerts and warning letters Information about Clinical Trials: ClinicalTrials.gov  http://clinicaltrials.gov Searchable, updated information about federally and privately supported clinical trials, including study purpose, who may participate, locations, and phone numbers for more details PDQ (Physician’s Data Query) http://www.nci.nih.gov/clinicaltrials/ NCI’s comprehensive cancer database, includes a registry of cancer clinical trials.  Site also includes summaries on cancer treatment, screening, prevention, genetics, and supportive care and directories of physicians and other professionals providing cancer care Dictionaries and Encyclopedias: MedLine Plus Medical Encyclopedia http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/encyclopedia.html adam Health Illustrated Encyclopedia covering diseases, tests, symptoms, injuries, and surgeries. Includes  photographs and illustrations MedLine Plus Medical Dictionary http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/mplusdictionary.html Medi-Lexicon  http://www.pharma-lexicon.com Dictionary of medical, pharmaceutical, biomedical and healthcare acronyms and abbreviations Dictionary of Units of Measurement http://www.unc.edu/~rowlett/units Includes a conversion tool Human and Animal Cell Lines http://www.biotech.ist.unige.it/cldb/cname-1c.html Names and descriptions for cell lines such as 3T3, HeLa, etc. On-line Medical Dictionary http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/ OMD is a searchable dictionary created by Dr Graham Dark and contains terms relating to biochemistry, cell biology, chemistry, medicine, molecular biology, physics, plant biology, radiobiology, science and technology. Professional Organizations: American Society of Indexers (ASI)  http://www.asindexing.org/site/index.html American Medical Writers Association (AMWA)  http://www.amwa.org Drug Information Association (DIA)  http://www.diahome.org/docs/index.cfm Regulatory Affairs Professionals Society (RAPS)  http://www.raps.org/s_raps/index.asp Special Libraries Association (SLA) http://www.sla.org/index.cfm Directory of Medical Associations http://www.mednet.ca/html/association.htm Links to web sites for medical societies including the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Government Agencies: National Library of Medicine http://www.nlm.nih.gov/nlmhome.html National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism http://www.niaaa.nih.gov
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    1402 2010-01-12 15:04:42 2010-01-12 09:34:42 open open list-of-all-biomedical-resources-online publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263288923 email_notification 1263288898 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    A TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS BY S. ANANTHI http://biomedikal.in/a-textbook-of-medical-instruments-by-s-ananthi/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 10:12:47 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1404
    S. Ananthi, "A Textbook of Medical Instruments" New Age Publications 2006 | ISBN-10: 8122415725 | 578 Pages | PDF | 8,4 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This book has therefore subdivided the realm of medical instruments into the same sections like a text on physiology and introduces the basic early day methods well, before dealing with the details of present day instruments currently in use. Some principles of diagnosis are also included in order that a new researcher could understand the requirements of the Physician rather than blindly proceed in his developments using his knowledge of circuity, software and methods of signal processing. Further, medical diagnostic practice has been conservative in preserving the acumen the Physicians have imbided from their seniors. For example, in the ECG, the very same trace occupying just 2 mm-3 mm with a chart paper is the vital (QRS) component in diagnosis, though, at present, the same information can be presented in a much better time-scale with greater detail. Because ECG diagnosis is still based on this standard record, a researcher intending to produce a new algorithm for a detection of typical pathology (automatically) would need to know the principles of pathological detection from the ECG in current use. That is why, the book has spent some pages on such aspects as well.
    After covering the several instruments under the different heads of Physiology, the Present day instruments like the CT scanner, the MRI, Ultrasound and Lasers are included. These deserve typically separate volumes on their own, but even here, the essentials are covered both from the medical and technical angles.
    Particular importance has been given to safety aspects as has been widely made known through several papers in the IEEE magazines, in a separate chapter. A chapter on possible further developments and another on signal processing examples have been included to the advantage of a medical reader intending to exploit the technological developments.
    A final chapter on the use of computers for medical data management and the use of the Web at large concludes the book.
    In a book of this kind, meant to be of use for the student who gets himself introduced to medical instruments for the first time, a large number of books, journals and manufacturers material had to be referred to. Today, the subject is growing at a very fast pace and newer methods in surgery and diagnostics are coming up every day. The book could cover only such material as are current and it is up to the reader to keep himself abreast of the developments by looking into the useful journals for example, the IEEE issues. A little work done by the authors own Biomedical and Engineering group has been included in the chapter on New developments.

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    1404 2010-01-12 15:42:47 2010-01-12 10:12:47 open open a-textbook-of-medical-instruments-by-s-ananthi publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263291362 email_notification 1263291168 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373787";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373787";}";";
    Biomedical Engineering: Bridging Medicine and Technology By W. Mark Saltzman http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-bridging-medicine-and-technology-by-w-mark-saltzman/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 12:02:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1409

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This is an ideal text for an introduction to biomedical engineering. The book presents the basic science knowledge used by biomedical engineers at a level accessible to all students and illustrates the first steps in applying this knowledge to solve problems in human medicine.Biomedical engineering now encompasses a range of fields of specialization including bioinstrumentation, bioimaging, biomechanics, biomaterials, and biomolecular engineering. This introduction to bioengineering assembles foundational resources from molecular and cellular biology and physiology and relates them to various sub-specialties ofbiomedical engineering . The first two parts of the book present basic information in molecular/cellular biology and human physiology; quantitative concepts are stressed in these sections. Comprehension of these basic life science principles provides the context in whichbiomedical engineers interact. The third part of the book introduces the sub-specialties in biomedical engineering, and emphasizes - through examples and profiles of people in the field - the types of problems biomedical engineers solve.

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    1409 2010-01-12 17:32:08 2010-01-12 12:02:08 open open biomedical-engineering-bridging-medicine-and-technology-by-w-mark-saltzman publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263297870 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263297733 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373747";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373747";}";";
    Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 26th edition By Robert K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell http://biomedikal.in/1413/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 12:16:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1413 Robert K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell (Authors), "Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 26th ed" English | PDF | 702 pages | 6.82 MB | ISBN: 0071389016 | RS.com

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of theinformation contained in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that theinformation contained in this work is accurate and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in connection with new or infrequently used drugs.

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    EASYSHARE

    TABLE OF CONTENTS

    Click on an individual Section title to collapse or expand the Section view.

    Chapter 1 Biochemistry & Medicine
    Chapter 2 Water & pH

    Section I. Structures & Functions of Proteins & Enzymes

    Chapter 3 Amino Acids & Peptides
    Chapter 4 Proteins: Determination of Primary Structure
    Chapter 5 Proteins: Higher Orders of Structure
    Chapter 6 Proteins: Myoglobin & Hemoglobin
    Chapter 7 Enzymes: Mechanism of Action
    Chapter 8 Enzymes: Kinetics
    Chapter 9 Enzymes: Regulation of Activities
    Chapter 10 Bioinformatics & Computational Biology

    Section II. Bioenergetics & the Metabolism of Carbohydrates & Lipids

    Chapter 11 Bioenergetics: The Role of ATP
    Chapter 12 Biologic Oxidation
    Chapter 13 The Respiratory Chain & Oxidative Phosphorylation
    Chapter 14 Carbohydrates of Physiologic Significance
    Chapter 15 Lipids of Physiologic Significance
    Chapter 16 Overview of Metabolism & the Provision of Metabolic Fuels
    Chapter 17 The Citric Acid Cycle: The Catabolism of Acetyl-CoA
    Chapter 18 Glycolysis & the Oxidation of Pyruvate
    Chapter 19 Metabolism of Glycogen
    Chapter 20 Gluconeogenesis & the Control of Blood Glucose
    Chapter 21 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway & Other Pathways of Hexose Metabolism
    Chapter 22 Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Ketogenesis
    Chapter 23 Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids & Eicosanoids
    Chapter 24 Metabolism of Acylglycerols & Sphingolipids
    Chapter 25 Lipid Transport & Storage
    Chapter 26 Cholesterol Synthesis, Transport, & Excretion

    Section III. Metabolism of Proteins & Amino Acids

    Chapter 27 Biosynthesis of the Nutritionally Nonessential Amino Acids
    Chapter 28 Catabolism of Proteins & of Amino Acid Nitrogen
    Chapter 29 Catabolism of the Carbon Skeletons of Amino Acids
    Chapter 30 Conversion of Amino Acids to Specialized Products
    Chapter 31 Porphyrins & Bile Pigments

    Section IV. Structure, Function, & Replication of Informational Macromolecules

    Chapter 32 Nucleotides
    Chapter 33 Metabolism of Purine & Pyrimidine Nucleotides
    Chapter 34 Nucleic Acid Structure & Function
    Chapter 35 DNA Organization, Replication, & Repair
    Chapter 36 RNA Synthesis, Processing, & Modification
    Chapter 37 Protein Synthesis & the Genetic Code
    Chapter 38 Regulation of Gene Expression
    Chapter 39 Molecular Genetics, Recombinant DNA, & Genomic Technology

    Section V. Biochemistry of Extracellular & Intracellular Communication

    Chapter 40 Membranes: Structure & Function
    Chapter 41 The Diversity of the Endocrine System
    Chapter 42 Hormone Action & Signal Transduction

    Section VI. Special Topics

    Chapter 43 Nutrition, Digestion, & Absorption
    Chapter 44 Micronutrients: Vitamins & Minerals
    Chapter 45 Free Radicals and Antioxidant Nutrients
    Chapter 46 Intracellular Traffic & Sorting of Proteins
    Chapter 47 Glycoproteins
    Chapter 48 The Extracellular Matrix
    Chapter 49 Muscle & the Cytoskeleton
    Chapter 50 Plasma Proteins & Immunoglobulins
    Chapter 51 Hemostasis & Thrombosis
    Chapter 52 Red & White Blood Cells
    Chapter 53 Metabolism of Xenobiotics
    Chapter 54 Biochemical Case Histories

    Appendix I
    Appendix II

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    1413 2010-01-12 17:46:08 2010-01-12 12:16:08 open open 1413 publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263298661 email_notification 1263298569 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373743";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373743";}";";
    Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry 4th edition By David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox http://biomedikal.in/lehninger-principles-of-biochemistry-4th-edition/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 12:21:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1418 David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox, "Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry" (4th Edition) W. H. Freeman | ISBN 0716743396 | 2004 Year | PDF | 32 Mb | 1100 Pages

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    There basically are two top contenders for the #1 position for a biochemistry textbook: Lehninger vs Voet. At first sight, the 1650+ pages Voet text for 'chemistry' oriented students seems like it is too much for the competition. So, how can Lehninger do better in 1100 pages? There are several factors at play, and the 4th edition of Lehninger simply dominates Voet and the rest of the biochem texts out there as follows. The Lehnninger text has a long history, but given that biochemical knowledge doubles every 5 years or so, it matters what a text offers now, not in the past. The writing style is simple, direct, engaging, not too easy but neither too esoteric. The principles (as the title suggests) and the unity in diversity are emphasized, so that the student understands biochemical principles not merely facts, acronyms, pathways. The graphics are very professional. They are comparable to any review article in hot journals such as Nature, Science, Cell, etc. The rendering of protein surfaces, and the different angles through which a structure is seen is outstanding (a good example is the section on the ribosome). The structures have been rendered from the PDB (protein data bank) coordinates. Most are rendered in the ribbon representation, but in many cases the surface is rendered in grey, depending on the level of detail. Contrast this with the 3rd edition of Voet: the authors have not bothered to re-render their graphics, most are identical to the 1995 edition, a time when people only cared if you could generate a structure. Voet's graphics are not done uniformly; the backgrounds can be white, grey, black, some structures are taken directly from the original literature and vary widely in the format and rendering. It is not enough that Voet updated the text on biochemical developments from 1995-2004. TheLehninger pages on the most important protein folds, for example, are very helpful in giving the student a feel for the fold, the domain composition, the size, and names of model proteins one is expected to encounter over and again in the research literature. But pretty pictures are not the only thing that setsLehninger apart from the rest. The material is distilled such that almost the same ammount of information is contained in this text, even though Voet is 50% bigger. There can be no such text as "Advanced Biochemistry" for grad students etc. -- if one is looking for that sort of thing, then one should purchase a life sciences encyclopedia. For undergraduates, any text is bound to be a bit overwhelming, butLehninger is clear enough that the above average student should assimilate the material preparing for an exam without too much confusion or difficulty. I also like the typesetting inLehninger much better than Voet, which again, uses the same boring format as the 2nd 1995 edition. The quality of paper is good in both texts.Lehninger 's text feels like the space is utilized well, whereas Voet's space is a bit overcrowded, though strangely, some of the Voet structures are too large, and take up too much space.Lehninger encompases all the new developments up to 2004: RNAi, genomes, new facts on controversial enzyme mechanisms etc. Speaking of enzyme mechanism, both texts do a good job in deriving the Michaelis-Menten equation step by step rather than simply saying something like "through trivial algebra eqn 34 transforms into 45". The literature reference section ofLehninger is one of the best parts of the text: the references are a mixture of classic, outstanding work, and recent review materials, which should guide the more curious student to navigate the overwhelming ammount of information in modern biochemistry and molecular biology. I loved the numerous photos of key players in biochemistry. For example, Francis Crick is shown as a young man when the text refers to the model for DNA, and as a middle aged man in another chapter. The historical emphasis is well placed. The "working in biochemistry" boxes are similarly relevant and well placed. I only wish the current authors had added a brief sketch of AlbertLehninger . In fact, they do not mention the history of the text, which is a little strange. The text contains brief solutions to all the end-of-chapter problems so the solutions manual (unfortunately titled "The Absolute, Ultimate Guide...") is not really neccessary for the good student. I think the criticism that Voet is 'tougher' and has more 'chemistry' in it is not entirely fair. Any researcher cannot expect to find his/her answers for a particular mechanism in any textbook -- that's the whole point of research. The principles on the other hand, can be sufficiently explained with a selection of enzymes and their mechanism, whichLehninger delivers. The metabolism middle part of the book is a bit too large, but it is difficult to avoid this, as when it boils down to it, molecular biophysics and biology have to account for the behavior of a particular system. Grad students these days tend to ignore metabolism, but as they mature, they start to see its point (and the memory slowly starts to assimilate all these enzymes, substrates, products, inhibitors, conditions, pathways...). Voet, of course, also covers metabolism in a comprehensive way. In conclusion, contrary to what Voet reviewers said to "supplementLehninger with Voet", I am suggesting students get a copy of Lehninger, either from the library or by purchasing their own copy, to supplement any biochemistry text with Lehninger. There is no other text out there that comes close to Lehninger. Which leads to the natural question, "why are there 10-20 biochem books currently in print?". Well, I certainly hope Lehninger will drive out of print most of them.

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    1418 2010-01-12 17:51:03 2010-01-12 12:21:03 open open lehninger-principles-of-biochemistry-4th-edition publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263299071 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263298876 reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373735";}";"; geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373735";}";";
    CAREER SCOPE http://biomedikal.in/career-scope-of-biomedical-engineering/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 16:03:13 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?page_id=1442

    BIO INSTRUMENTATION

    Bio Instrumentation is the application of electronics and measurement principles to develop devices and tools used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. The use of computers is increasing in bio instrumentation now a day from the microprocessor which is used to a wide variety of small tasks in a single purpose instrument to the extensive computing power needed to process huge amount of information in a medical system.

    BIO MECHANICS

    Bio mechanics deals with the application of mechanics to medical field to solve biological and medical problems. It comprises the study of motion, material deformation, transport of chemical substances across biological membranes, and flow inside the body. Research in bio mechanics helped in the development of artificial heart valves, artificial kidney, artificial hip, etc. It also helps in the study of organs and the skeletal system.

    BIO MATERIALS

    Bio materials deal with the materials and the living tissues that are implanted in the body. In the design of the implanted materials, understanding the properties of the living material is a vital aspect. One of the most challenging tasks faced by a bio medical engineer is the selection of an appropriate material that is to be placed in the human body. The bio materials that are to be implanted should be non-toxic, non-carcinogenous, chemically inert, stable, and mechanically strong enough to withstand the strong forces in the body.

    CLINICAL ENGINEERING

    Clinical engineering is the application of technology for health care in hospitals. The clinical engineer forms a part of the health care team along with physicians, nurses and other hospital staff. Clinical engineers develop and maintain the computer data bases of medical instrumentation, equipment records and purchase as well as use the sophisticated medical instruments. They may also work on projects to adapt instrumentation to the specific needs of the physician and the hospital. This involves the interface of instruments with computers and customized software for data analysis and instrument control. In short, clinical engineers apply the latest technology to health care.

    REHABILITATION ENGINEERING

    Rehabilitation engineering is one of the new and upcoming fields in bio medical engineering. The main function of the rehabilitation engineers is to enhance the quality of life and capabilities of the individuals with physical and congenital impairments. They are concerned with developing assistive technology that improves the mobility, seating, communication of the patient. They also develop hardware and software computer adaptations to help the people with congenital impairments.

    MEDICAL IMAGING

    Medical imaging is one of the unique techniques that involve the merging of physical phenomenon such as light, sound, magnetism, etc with high speed electronic data processing, analysis and display to create an image. These images can completely be obtained using non-invasive techniques rather than using invasive techniques as they are less painful and can be repeated any number of times.

    TISSUE & GENETIC ENGINEERING

    Cellular, Tissue and Genetic Engineering involve more recent attempts to solve biomedical problems at the microscopic level. In order to understand disease processes and to be able to intervene at very specific sites, these areas utilize anatomy, biochemistry and mechanics of cellular and sub-cellular structures. With these capabilities, miniature devices deliver compounds that can stimulate or inhibit cellular processes at precise target locations to promote healing or inhibit disease formation and progression.

    SYSTEMS PHYSIOLOGY

    Systems Physiology is the term used to describe that aspect of biomedical engineering in which engineering strategies, techniques and tools are used to gain a comprehensive and integrated understanding of the function of living organisms ranging from bacteria to humans. Computer modeling is used in the analysis of experimental data and in formulating mathematical descriptions of physiological events. In research, predictor models are used in designing new experiments to refine our knowledge. Living systems have highly regulated feedback control systems that can be examined with state-of-the-art techniques. Examples are the biochemistry of metabolism and the control of limb movements.

    BIO INFORMATICS

    Bio informatics is one of the bio medical engineering which involves the development and usage of computer tools to collect and analyze data related to biology and medicine. The research work in bio informatics comprises the usage of sophisticated techniques to manage and generate data bases of gene sequences.

    BIO MEMS

    MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) are nothing but the integration of sensors, mechanical elements, actuators, and other electronics on a single silicon chip. Bio MEMS are the application and development of MEMS in biology and medicine. Some of the examples of research in bio MEMS include the development of micro robots that perform surgery in the body, and the development of tiny devices that could be implanted inside the body to deliver drugs to the desired body parts.

    BIO SIGNAL PROCESSING

    Bio signal processing involves the processing of bio signals in order to extract the useful information for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It involves the study of cardiac signals to determine whether a patient can be susceptible to sudden cardiac death, development of speech recognition systems which nullify the background noise, detection of brain signals that can be used to run a computer.

    BIO TECHNOLOGY

    Bio technology is a combination of various powerful tools that involve living organisms to make or modify products, develop micro organisms for specific purposes. The ancient techniques in bio technology involved traditional animal and plant breeding techniques, the use of yeast in bread, cheese, wine and beer. Recent research in bio technology comprises of the industrial applications of recombinant DNA, bio processing methods, fusion of the cells. All of these are used to nullify the genetic defects in humans. It also involves the degradation of harmful contaminants with the help of living organisms.

    BIO SENSORS

    Bio sensors involve the development of hardware and software used to detect or measure the biological signals. This comprises the design of different sensors that capture different biological signals. The obtained signal is then amplified and filtered. Now a days there is a lot of research going on bio sensors.

    MICRO & NANO TECHNOLOGY

    Micro technology comprises the design and development of devices on the scale of a micrometer, and nano technology involves the development of devices on the scale of a nano meter. These specializations involve the development of tiny sensors that have the capability to identify the changes in the properties of the tissue, hence helping the surgeon to identify and remove the unhealthy tissue. Nanometer cantilevers have the tendency to bend along with the cardiac protein levels which helps the physicians in the early and rapid diagnosis of heart attacks.

    NEURAL SYSTEMS & ENGINEERING

    This is one of the emerging interdisciplinary fields in bio medical engineering. It involves the study of brain and nervous system; it also involves the replacement or restoration of lost sensory and motor abilities, the development of neuro robots, the study of complexities of neural systems in nature and neuro electronics.

    PROTEOMICS

    A proteome is a set of all proteins produced by a species. Proteomics is the study of proteomes. It comprises the study of the location, structure, interactions, and function of the proteins. An advanced research in proteomics discovered how infections occur in humans, which helps in the treatment of infectious diseases. Moreover, the advances in proteomics have led to the discovery of a method to detect protein patterns in the blood for the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Research in proteomics can also pave way for the development of hardware devices that provide accurate and rapid measurements of protein levels.
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    1442 2010-01-13 01:03:13 2010-01-12 16:03:13 open open career-scope-of-biomedical-engineering publish 0 3 page 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1271421993 _edit_last 1 _wp_page_template default 42 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/2010/01/13/frequently-asked-questions-by-a-biomedical-engineer-every-now-and-then/ 74.200.245.227 2010-01-13 01:23:13 2010-01-12 19:53:13 1 pingback 0 0
    ALL IN ONE COMPILATION OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS http://biomedikal.in/all-in-one-compilation-of-digital-image-processing-for-university-students/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:13:56 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1422 IMAGE PROCESSING IT IS ONE OF THE BEST DOCUMENT TO READ ABOUT DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING. http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571321/DigitalImageProcessingimpdmos.pdf.html IMAGE PROCESSING TOOLBOX- http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571349/Image_Processing_Toolbox.doc.html IMAGE SEGMAENTATION http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571367/IMAGESEGMENTATION.PDF.html IMAGE RESTORATION http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571368/IMAGERESTORATION.PDF.html IMAGE REGISTRATION http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571392/IMAGEREGISTRATION.PDF.html http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571366/IMAGEREGISTRATION2.PDF.html PROCESSING THE RADIOGRAPH BEST NOTES ON THIS TOPIC ARE IN THIS DOCUMENT http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571353/PROCESSINGTHERADIOGRAPH.PDF.html LAST BUT NOT THE LEAST TEXTBOOK OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING BY GONZALEZ WOODS 2ND EDITION http://www.ziddu.com/download/7571443/DIGITALIMAGEPROCESSING2NDEDITIONBYGONZALEZWOODS.rar.html
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    1422 2010-01-12 22:43:56 2010-01-12 17:13:56 open open all-in-one-compilation-of-digital-image-processing-for-university-students publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263317033 _edit_last 11062180 _wpas_done_twitter 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 geo_public 1 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_accuracy 0 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_latitude 28.372060 email_notification 1263316442 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373731";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373731";}";";
    BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-projects/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:28:23 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?page_id=1461
  • HOW TO MAKE AN INFRARED SWITCH FOR THE PROJECT?-BIOMEDICAL ELECTRONICS PROJECTS

  • AN IDEA TO BUILD LOW COST CAT SCANNER?-BIOMEDICAL IDEAS OF PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE AN DETECTOR FOR X-RAY AND GAMMA RADIATION SOURCE?-BIOMEDICAL IMAGING PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE AN INEXPENSIVE X RAY MACHINE?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE A HEARING AID?

  • HOW TO MAKE A METAL DETECTOR?-ELECTRONICS PROJECT

  • HOW TO MAKE A HEART RATE SENSOR?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE HEART RATE MONITOR RECEIVER By RICK MOLL?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE INFRARED HEART PULSE MONITOR?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • IMPROVED VERSION OF MUSCULAR BIO STIMULATOR-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE A DEVICE IN WHICH EYE CONTROLS WRITING?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE ULTRASONIC PAIN FIELD GENERATOR-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • 16 CHANNEL BRAIN TISSUE STIMULATOR-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE AN IMPEDANCE CARDIOGRAPH-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • FINGER PLETHSYMOGRAPH TO MEASURE BLOOD RESISTIVITY-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • 12 LEAD ECG TRAINER-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • COMPUTER ASSISTED ERG ACQUISTION AND ANALYSIS-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • MAKE YOUR OWN EEG DEVICE-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • ELECTRONICS COMPONENTS SHOPS IN MUMBAI

  • GUIDANCE OF WHEEL CHAIR USING ELECTROOCCULOGRAPHY-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • USB BASED ECG ACQUISITION SYSTEM - BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO CHECK AMOUNT OF SALT IN LIQUID?-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • HOW TO MAKE A WIRELESS ELECTROCARDIOGRAM(ECG) MONITOR-BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS

  • ]]>
    1461 2010-01-13 02:28:23 2010-01-12 17:28:23 open open biomedical-projects publish 0 1 page 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1271269555 _edit_last 1 _wp_page_template default
    Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9th Ed – International Editon By Robert L. Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky http://biomedikal.in/electronic-devices-and-circuit-theory-9th-ed-%e2%80%93-international-editon-by-robert-l-boylestad-louis-nashelsky/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:40:20 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1427

    Author : Boylestad Publisher : Prentice Hall Publish Date : May 12, 2005 Pages : 912

    Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 9th Ed – International Editon

    Hardcover: 912 pages Publisher: Prentice Hall; 9 edition (May 12, 2005) Language: English ISBN-10: 0131189050 ISBN-13: 978-0131189058

    Book Description

    "Completely updated with the most current computer analysis coverage, this classic book on electronic devices and circuit theory provides a detailed study and high level of accuracy, offering users a complete and comprehensive survey on all the essentials they will need to understand in order to be successful on the job. Divided into two main components (the dc analysis and the ac or frequency response), it uses a "building block" approach, progressing from one chapter to another in a systematic manner. Featuring a well-designed color format that highlights and defines important concepts, it covers a majority of the important configurations and applications for each device, and includes numerous examples and applications to reinforce and enhance understanding. "Ensures comprehension of fundamental concepts such as diodes and transistors before tackling the more advanced topics such as compound configurations and oscilloscopes. Offers complete coverage of small-signal analysis, and reflects on the growing importance of operational amplifiers in today's market. Examines all of the typical configurations of JFET and MOSFET circuits, along with the basics of designing FET amplifier networks. Devotes a full chapter to BJT transistor modeling to ensure a clear and correct understanding of this key topic, and integrates troubleshooting sections in most chapters that provide general hints on how to isolate a problem, how to identify its causes, and what action to take

    Download Links

    part1

    or

    part2

    Password : Gordack

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    1427 2010-01-12 23:10:20 2010-01-12 17:40:20 open open electronic-devices-and-circuit-theory-9th-ed-%e2%80%93-international-editon-by-robert-l-boylestad-louis-nashelsky publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263326107 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263318033 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373723";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373724";}";";
    COMPLETE PACKAGE FOR PLACEMENT REASONING:VERBAL REASONING BY R.S AGGARWAL http://biomedikal.in/complete-package-for-placement-reasoningverbal-reasoning-by-r-s-aggarwal/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:49:32 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1430

    The book is unique for its coverage of all types of questions asked including those in logical deduction and all the study material available around. It contains a huge collection of practisable questions with fully solved examples and explanatory answers. This book is meant for competitive examinations like Bank Clerical, Bank P.O., LIC, GIC, M.B.A., Assistant Grade, Excise & Income Tax, IAS, IFS, AAO, Railways and others.

    Download

    Verbal Reasoning by R.S.Agarwal

    CREDIT GOES TO MR ASHISH MALIK FROM

    HTTP://MYNINJAWAY.WORDPRESS.COM

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    1430 2010-01-12 23:19:32 2010-01-12 17:49:32 open open complete-package-for-placement-reasoningverbal-reasoning-by-r-s-aggarwal publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263319069 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263318573 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373710";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373710";}";";
    USEFUL BIOMEDICAL RESOURCES http://biomedikal.in/useful-biomedical-resources/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 18:08:19 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1433 Universities offering BME program around the World

    Top Notch Medical Equipment Manufacturers

    • Philips Medical Systems
    • GE Healthcare
    • Siemens Medical Systems
    • Medtronic, Inc.
    • Boston Scientific
    • Beckman Coulter, Inc.
    • Toshiba Medical Systems
    • Hitachi Medical Systems
    • Sysmex Corporation
    • Tyco Healthcare (Valleylab)
    • B.Braun
    • Maquet
    • Nova Biomedical Corporation
    • L & T Medical Systems
    • Edwards Life Sciences
    • St.Jude Medicals

    Foundations Supporting Biomedical Research

    • Indian Council for Medical Research
    • Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
    • Department of Science & Technology
    • Whitaker Foundation
    • Wallace H. Coulter Foundation
    • Howard Hughes Medical Institute
    • W.M.Keck Futures Initiative
    • Pew Charitable Trust
    • Sloan Foundation
    • Burroughs Wellcome Foundation
    • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
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    1433 2010-01-12 23:38:19 2010-01-12 18:08:19 open open useful-biomedical-resources publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263320093 email_notification 1263319715 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL SOCITIES AROUND THE WORLD http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-socities-around-the-world/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 18:46:52 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1436 Biomedical Societies In the wake of supporting research and education in biomedical engineering, various societies have been formed across the world. The Bio-Medical societies across the world are listed below.
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    1436 2010-01-13 00:16:52 2010-01-12 18:46:52 open open biomedical-socities-around-the-world publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263322032 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263322017 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373699";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373699";}";";
    FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS BY A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER EVERY NOW AND THEN http://biomedikal.in/frequently-asked-questions-by-a-biomedical-engineer-every-now-and-then/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 19:00:10 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1439

    1. What is the scope of Biomedical Engineering in the future? 2. How are the job prospects for Biomedical Engineering? 3. What Kind of a role does a Biomedical Engineer perform in a hospital? 4. What is the pay scale for a Biomedical Engineer? 5. What can I gain by attending a conference on Biomedical Engineering? 6. What is Biomedical Research? 7. How to select an area of Specialization? 8. Where can a Biomedical Engineer work other than a hospital?

    1. What is the scope of Biomedical Engineering in the future?

    Biomedical Engineering offers a very good scope for the future. There are various specializations in Biomedical Engineering such as Biomedical Imaging, Biomechanics, Bio Instrumentation, Biomedical optics, Biosensors, Rehabilitation Engineering, Biomaterials, etc which pose tremendous challenges in research, diagnosis and treatment of several artifacts of the body.  Health care & medical manufacturers also innovate in their own terms to promote industrial research. Hence, there shall be wide scope for clinical as well as industrial research and development. And, the innovations in management and business also throw a vast scope for Entrepreneurship

    2. How are the job prospects for Biomedical Engineering?

    The U.S. Department of Labor predicts a massive 21% increase in employment opportunities for Biomedical Engineers in the U.S. over the next decade .The growth rate is expected to be MUCH higher than the average growth rate. The significance of providing quality health care to urban as well as rural population raises the scope for further innovations in Biomedical Engineering cross the globe. Hence, Biomedical Engineering is believed to be a promising career for many in the years to come.

    Click here to view the statistics.

    http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm

    3. What Kind of a role does a Biomedical Engineer perform in a hospital?

    A Biomedical Engineer working in a hospital is referred to as a Clinical Engineer. Clinical Engineers maintain the performance and quality of Biomedical Equipments in a hospital. They are in-charge of all the equipments in various departments in a hospital. Their work involves quality control, troubleshooting and grading of the equipments in a hospital. Clinical Engineers also assist a physician in using certain instruments during surgeries, etc.

    4. What is the pay scale for a Biomedical Engineer?

    This link gives you an estimate of the wages paid for a Biomedical Engineer according to the U.S. Department of Labor.

    http://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes172031.htm#nat

    The wages paid in an industry differ from that paid in a hospital or any other research institution. But, Health care professionals are paid very high compared to others depending upon their experience and skills. Hence, a Biomedical Engineer may be paid less in early days, but upon experience, his/her pay scale will be very good.

    5. What can I gain by attending a conference on Biomedical Engineering?

    A conference is organized for the updates, suggestions, and exchange of ideas between various people working in the field of Biomedical Engineering. It stands as a platform to interact with different people working on various specializations in Biomedical Engineering. You can get a clear note of the latest research works going on, you can get suggestions from many good researchers around the globe, you can even interact with many professors from various universities, various medical equipment manufacturers, etc. On the whole, a Biomedical Conference helps you to explore the various facets of Biomedical Engineering, and you can get a good learning experience.

    6. What is Biomedical Research?

    Biomedical research involves the understanding of several problems that exist in the current medical technology, various health disorders of the human body, abnormalities in the human anatomy, and the invention of new ideas that can overcome these difficulties. It also involves the innovation to utilize inter disciplinary ideas, (ideas from various engineering disciplines, such as Electrical, mechanical, chemical, etc) to solve various medical problems. Biomedical Research is classified into sixteen different streams.

    To know more, click here.

    7. How to select an area of Specialization?

    Selecting the area of Specialization is completely an individual task. It depends upon your interest and capability. Before selecting an area of specialization, just explore about the subjects in which you should be thorough to select that specialization. For instance, Bio Instrumentation involves much of electronics, Biomechanics deals with the application of mechanics to body etc. Once you know that just analyze whether your interest matches with that or not. Once you find your interested area, then explore about the recent innovations in it and just carry on.

    If you need much more detailed explanation, just e-mail us and we shall reply you as soon as possible

    8. Where can a Biomedical Engineer work other than a hospital?

    Biomedical Engineers work in hospitals as clinical engineers. Apart from that they also work in Medical manufacturing industries as Product Specialists, etc, in Research organizations as Research Engineers, in medical companies as Service Engineers etc. Hence the work of a biomedical engineer is in Manufacturing Industry, Maintenance and Research & development of Medical devices.

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    1439 2010-01-13 00:30:10 2010-01-12 19:00:10 open open frequently-asked-questions-by-a-biomedical-engineer-every-now-and-then publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263325982 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263324470 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373683";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373683";}";";
    WHAT IS BME? http://biomedikal.in/introduction-to-bme/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 19:58:15 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?page_id=1451 History of Biomedical Engineering
    • The Biomedical Engineering has been with us for centuries, perhaps even thousands of years. In 2000, German archeologists uncovered a 3,000-year-old mummy from Thebes with a wooden prosthetic tied to its foot to serve as a big toe. Researchers said the wear on the bottom surface suggests that it could be the oldest known limb prosthesis.
    • In 1816, modesty prevented French physician Rene Laennec from placing his ear next to a young woman’s bare chest, so he rolled up a newspaper and listened through it, triggering the idea for his invention that led to today’s ubiquitous stethoscope.
    • The roots of biomedical engineering reach back to early developments in electrophysiology, which originated about 200 years ago.
    • In 1848, an early landmark occured in electrophysiology. When Hermann von Helmholtz, is credited with applying engineering principles to a problem in physiology and identifying the resistance of muscle and nervous tissues to direct current.
    • In 1895, Wilhelm Roentgen accidentally discovered that a cathode-ray tube could make a sheet of paper coated with barium platinocyanide glow, even when the tube and the paper were in separate rooms. Roentgen decided the tube must be emitting some kind of penetrating rays, which he called “X” rays. This set off a flurry of research into the tissue-penetrating and tissue-destroying properties of X-rays, a line of research that ultimately produced the modern array of medical imaging technologies and virtually eliminated the need for exploratory surgery.

    Origin of Biomedical Engineering

    • Biomedical Engineering originated during World war -II. Biologists were needed to do work involving advances on Radar Technology, which led them for the electronic developments in medicine. Due to this developments the next generation of biologists could not benifit this technology as they couldn't understand it.
    • Obviously, a bridge was needed to fill the gap between technical knowledge & biology. Doctors and Biologists who ever interested in engineering and electrical engineers intersted in biology, became the first bio engineers. Those primarily concerned with medicine became the first Biomedical Engineers.
    • The unique mix of engineering, medicine and science in biomedical engineering emerged alongside biophysics and medical physics early this century.

    Major Milestones in BME

    Biomedical engineering achievements range from early devices, such as crutches, platform shoes, wooden teeth, and the ever-changing cache of instruments in a doctor’s black bag, to more modern marvels, including pacemakers, heart-lung machine, dialysis machines, diagnostic equipment, imaging technologies of every kind, and artificial organs, medical implants and advanced prosthetics.
    • 1895 - Conrad Roentgen (Germany) discovered the X-Ray using gas discharged tubes.
    • 1896 - Henry Becquerel (France) discovered X-rays were emitted from uranium ore.
    • 1901 - Roentgen received the Nobel Prize for discovery of X-Rays.
    • 1903 - William Eindhoven discovered the Electrocardiogram (ECG).
    • 1921 - First formal training in Biomedical Engineering was started at Oswalt Institute for Physics in Medicine, Frankfurt, Germany.
    • 1927 - Discovery of Drinker Respirator.
    • 1929 - Hans Berger discovers the Electroencephalogram (EEG).
    • 1930's - X-rays were being used to visualize most organ systems using radio-opaque materials.
    • 1930's - Refrigeration, Permitted Blood banks.
    • mid 1930's - early 1940's - Antibiotics, Sulfanilamide and Pencillin reduced cross-infection in hospitals.
    • 1940's - Cardiac Catheterization.
    • 1943 - International Bio-Physical Society was formed.
    • 1948 - The first conference of Engineering in Medicine & Biology was held in United States.
    • 1950's - Electron Microscope.
    • 1950's - early 1960's - Nuclear Medicine.
    • 1953 - Cardiopulmonary bypass (Heart-Lung Machine).
    • 1970's - Computer Tomography(CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI).
    • 1975 - Whitaker Foundation was founded.
    • 1980's - Gamma Camera, Positron Emission Tomography(PET) & SPECT.
    • 1997 - First Indigenous Endo vascular Coronary Stent ( Kalam-Raju Stent) was developed by Care Foundation.
    No matter what the date, biomedical engineering has provided advances in medical technology to improve human health. As per the statistics of the National Academy of Engineering, currently about 32000 bioengineers are working in various areas of Health care technology
    ]]>
    1451 2010-01-13 01:28:15 2010-01-12 19:58:15 open open introduction-to-bme publish 0 2 page 0 _searchme 1 _wp_page_template default _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1271507855
    HOW TO START USING WEB FOR STUDYING BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING? http://biomedikal.in/how-to-start-using-web-for-studying-biomedical-engineering/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 20:50:54 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1456 undergraduates in any discipline who have interest in their field and doesn’t know how to start. These are the steps which must be followed to understand your field and to get the direction in which work must be carried out. •  Firstly, know your field by searching it in Google. This process is known as “Googling”. This step must be followed initially to understand your field. This helps form a brief idea about your field. •  Next, “wiki” your field. i.e. search about your field in wikipedia, the best online encyclopedia. This fills you with broader aspects in your field. After wiki, you will get to know most of your field. •  Now, Search about specializations in your field. Google and Wiki about every specialization. Try to understand every sub-field and get more and more information on every sub-field. •  Don’t try to confine to one field now itself. Learn basics of every specialization. Try to assure that you know something about almost everything in your field. •  Now, its time to choose a specialization. From your basic knowledge of all sub-fields, go for one specialization which not only interests you but also has good career opportunities. Learn everything about it in detail. Leave nothing from google search pages and wiki pages. Download and study as much material as possible on that field. Excel in it. IF YOU ARE STILL NOT ABLE TO FIND ANYTHING THEN RETURN TO MY SITE WHERE YOU WILL GET ALL THE ANSWERS TO YOUR QUESTIONS.

    BIOMEDINDIA.CO.NR

    IF YOU WANT TO INNOVATE  IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BY MAKING NEW INTERESTING BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS THEN AGAIN AFTER LOOPING THROUGH ABOVE PROCEDURE RETURN TO ME I WILL GIVE YOU ALL THE MATERIAL REQUIRED

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    THEN YOU WOULD BE WONDERING WHY I HAVE WRITTEN THIS ARTICLE IF I HAVE ALL THE DATA WRITTEN HERE THAT IS BECOZ OF THE FACT IF I WOULD DIRECTLY PROVIDE YOU THE DATA THEN IT WILL BE SPOON FEEDING & YOU WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO LEARN & TAKE UP NEW THINGS
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    1456 2010-01-13 02:20:54 2010-01-12 20:50:54 open open how-to-start-using-web-for-studying-biomedical-engineering publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263329462 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263329455 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    EMPLOYMENT NEWS 2 JANUARY 2010(2.1.2010) (GOVERNMENT JOBS) http://biomedikal.in/employment-news-2-january-20102-1-2010-government-jobs/ Tue, 12 Jan 2010 22:02:59 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1468 Recruitment of Faculty in UNIVERSITY OF JAMMU Vacancies of Health Inspector in Municipal Corporation of Delhi Recruitment in Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing Examination of UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Stenographer Recruitment in Container Corporation of India Ltd Vacancies in Damodar Valley Corporation Limited Recruitment of Officer in THE INDIAN NAVY Walk-In-Interview at MECON LIMITED Faculty Recruitment in National Institute of Technology Vacancies of Administrator in STAFF SELECTION COMMISSION Recruitment of Stenographer in High Court of Chhatisgarh Vacancies of Multible Positions in Assam University Recruitment of Technician in Satish Dhawan Space Centre Vacancies of Engineer in Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Recruitment In Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research Assistant Vacancies in Archaeological Survey of India Recruitment of Assistant in Food Corporation of India Multiple Vacancies in National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research Vacancies of Multible Positions in Damodar Valley Corporation Limited Recruitment in STATE BANK Of INDIA Vacancies of Engineer in NTPC BHEL Power Projects Private Limited Recruitment of Manager in Indian Railway Catering & Tourism Corporation Ltd Vacancies in STATE BANK Of INDIA Recruitment in National Fertilizers Limited Vacancies of Officer in INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE FORCE Recruitment in BUNDELKHAND UNIVERSITY Faculty Vacancies in Cochin University of Science and Technology Recruitment in THE INDIAN NAVY Vacancies of Multible Positions in Punjab Technical University Recruitment of Officer in Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Lecturer Vacancies in Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission Recruitment of Faculty in Malaviya National Institute of Technology
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    1468 2010-01-13 03:32:59 2010-01-12 22:02:59 open open employment-news-2-january-20102-1-2010-government-jobs publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263333785 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263333780 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOURNALS OF INDIA http://biomedikal.in/medical-journals-of-india/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 08:27:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1472
  • Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia
  • Endodontology
  • Health Administrator
  • Indian Journal of Aerospace Medicine
  • Indian Journal of Allergy Asthma and Immunology
  • Indian Journal of Anaesthesia
  • Indian Journal of Chest Diseases and Allied Sciences
  • Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry
  • Indian Journal of Community Medicine
  • Indian Journal of Gastroenterology
  • Indian Journal of Medical & Paediatric Oncology
  • Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology
  • Indian Journal of Medical Research
  • Indian Journal of Nephrology
  • Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine
  • Indian Journal of Occupational and Enviornmental Medicine
  • Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy
  • Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
  • Indian Journal of Pediatrics
  • Indian Journal of Pharmacology
  • Indian Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine
  • Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging
  • Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
  • Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
  • Indian Pediatrics
  • J.K. Practitioner
  • Journal, Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine
  • Journal of Family Welfare
  • Journal of Indian Academy of Applied Psychology
  • Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine
  • Journal of Indian Rheumatology Association
  • Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India
  • Journal of The Anatomical Society of India
  • Journal of Indian Association of Pediatrics Surgeons
  • Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
  • Lung India
  • Medical Journal Armed Forces India
  • NTI Bulletin
  • Trends in Biomaterials and Artificial Organs
  • ]]>
    1472 2010-01-13 13:57:26 2010-01-13 08:27:26 open open medical-journals-of-india publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263371443 email_notification 1263371252 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL COMPANIES IN INDIA AS PER HUM-MOLGEN http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-companies-in-india-as-per-hum-molgen/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 08:32:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1476 A

    A Indian Neem Tree Company TM, Mumbai -400069 A One Scientific & Laboratory Instruments Co, Ambala Cantt A1 LABORATORY CHEMICALS COMPANY, 382445 AGRI LIFE , IDA BOLLARAM 502 325 MEDAK DISTRICT (HYDERABAD) ANDHRA PRADESH AGRI LIFE, IDA BOLLARAM 502 325 MEDAK DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH AGS INDIA, Baroda 390008 Alkaloids Corporation, Calcutta, 700001, India All-Season Herbs Pvt. Ltd, Varthur Main Road,, Bangalore - 560 067 ANAGHA DATTA TRADE, Chennai,600017 Anami Organics, Killa Pardi, 396 125, Gujarat, Ankit Scientific Industries, ambala cantt ATG LAB, Pune ATG LAB Pune office , PUNE ATNT LABORATORIES, MUMBAI Auro Laboratories Ltd, Mumbai 400030

    B

    Bio Ops, Hyderabad 500 049 Bioaxis DNA Research Centre Pvt Ltd, Hyderabad Bioinfiz, Trivandrum - 695 005 BioInformatics Support and Analysis, Chandigarh BioOnco, Tenali, Andhra Pradesh Biosweet Ventures, Surat, 395007 BioZen (Zenith Engineers), Agra BrandPrinciples.com, Hyderabad 500044 BVM MEDITECH PVT LTD, DILSHAD GARDEN, LSC, DELHI-110095

    C

    CAREWELL BIOTECH PVT LTD, New Delhi-110008 Casca Remedies (P) Ltd, Ambala Cantt 133 004 Chempure Pvt Ltd, Calcutta India 700073 Clarion Drugs Ltd, Nagpur - 440 004 , INDIA COREY ORGANICS LIMITED, Hyderabad - 500 038 CORPORATE CHANNELS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED, UDAIPUR, 313 001 , INDIA

    D

    Del-Tech Instruments Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi DIMPLE ASSOCIATES, VADODARA-390023 Divine International, Delhi-110006 DmeyK Health-Care, Mumbai-410210 DVS BioLife Limited, Hyderabad 500 049

    E

    Edutek Instrumentation, Ambala Cantt EON Meditech Pvt. Ltd., Surat, 395006 EROSE Glass Agencies, Ambala Cantt-133001 eXample Consulting Group, 560003, 400072, 600011

    F

    FAIRDEAL TRADING CO, Mumbai 400068 Finornic Chemicals (I) Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai 400 022

    G

    GENEMAT, DELHI, 110092 GenxBio, 110091 GLAND Pharma Ltd, Hyderabad Glass Agencies, Ambala Cantt Glass Agencies, Ambala Cantt-133001,India GLOBAL HEALTHCARE INDUSTRIES, Banglore-560047 Gwalior Forest Products Ltd, Shivpuri, 473551

    H

    H.Bilal & Co, Tuticorin HIMALAYA HERB STORES, SAHARANPUR / 247001 Hospital Instrumentation, Ambala Cantt,133001 HYSEL INDIA PVT. LTD., NEW DELHI - 110 019

    I

    I View Holdings Pvt.Ltd., Banglore, 560047 INDIAN DRUGS AND BOTANICAL HERBS CO, delhi : 110051 Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), 721173 Intas Biopharmaceuticals Limited, Ahmedabad- 382 210 Integrated Biopixl Pvt Ltd, NOIDA, UP Invitro Biotech Ltd, Hyderabad 500072 IVIEW Soft Solutions, Chennai,

    J

    J.Inc, 380006 JOY BIOTECH, CHANDIGARH Jyoti Chemical Centre, Mumbai-400002 , INDIA

    K

    Kapur Scientific Traders, Ambala Cantt 133001 Khem Krazy Labs (P) Limited, 500072 King Stubb & Kasiva - Advocates & Attorneys, New Delhi, 110048 King, Stubb & Kasiva - Advocates & Attorneys - India, 110048 Kodetrade International, Hyderabad, India- 500013 Kshitij Innovations, Ambala Cantt-133001

    L

    La-Medicca India Private Limited, Gurgaon, Haryana Life Technologies (India) Private Limited, Pitampura, Delhi Life Technologies (India) Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi-110026 LINE MARK TRADING, JABALPUR , 482002

    M

    M.S.S. ASAN EXPORTS, Nagercoil - 629 001 M/s HiGlance Laboratories Private Limited., Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201306 - INDIA M/S A One Scientific & Laboratory Instruments Co, Ambala Cantt-133001 M/s. Bimal Pharma Pvt. Ltd., 400097. Magene Life Sciences, Hyderabad 500 073 Mahamaya Lifesciences P Ltd, GURGAON - 122002, HARYANA Manus Aktteva, Ahmedabad, 380006, Gujarat, Maya Biotech, 226010 Medical Point, New Delhi-110002 Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut - 250 002 mehar healthcare corporation, new delhi Micro Instrument Company, Ambala-133 001 Multilab, 600013

    N

    Nanobioservices, Chandigarh Narayan & Co., Mumbai 400 057 India NATIONAL DRUGS & CHEMICALS, MUMBAI Naugra Export, Haryana Neelam Industry, Ahmedabad-380050 Nikunj Chemical Limited, Gujarat, 390002 Nivon Pharma (India), 400703 Nivon Specialties (India), 400703

    P

    P.C.CHEM INDIA, MUMBAI-400043 INDIA percon instruments and services pvt.ltd, N.Delhi - 110015 Pioneer Enterprise, Bombay - 400003. India Plantech Medical Systems Pvt.Ltd., Ahmedabad-380 024 Polyclone Bioservices Pvt LTD, Bangalore - 560070 Popular Science Apparatus Workshops Pvt. Ltd, 133001 POPULAR SCIENCE APPARATUS WORKSHOPS PVT LTD, AMBALA CANTT : 133001 (INDIA) Praavi Pharmalabs Pvt.Ltd., Pune 411 019 PREMAS BIOTECH PVT LTD, GURGAON,HARYANA PREMIER AGENCIES, RAICHUR-584101 Pristine Biomedical, Munirka PROFESSIONAL BIOTECH PVT. LTD, NEW DELHI-110 058

    Q

    QUARTESECT , Domlur,Bangalore Quartesian Clinical Research PVT LTD, Bangalore,560025

    R

    Raj Biotech (India) Pvt. Ltd., Dist. : Satara, Maharashtra, Rattan Sales Corporation, New Delhi 110005

    S

    S. S. Herbals, New Delhi S.I. CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES, 425409 S.S. LAB SOLUTIONS, DELHI-110088 SAMITEK INSTRUMENTS, NEW DELHI Sankari Pharmaceuticals, Gobichettipalayam Sapcon Level Instruments, Indore 452004 Sara Pharmaceuticals, Nagercoil 629004 TN , India Scigenics biotech Pvt Ltd, Chennai-600041 SCL BIOSCIENCES, Bangalore 560047 Serum Biotec Ltd, Pune- 411004 SHAM SUNIL EXPORTS, AMRITSAR-143006 SOGO Bio-Lab Equipment, Mumbai 400067 India SOJAT HERBS, 306104 SOLAX BIO SCIENCES, HYDERABAD-500076 SOM Phytopharma (India) Limited, BioPesticides, BioFertilizers, Probiotics Company, 502 325 spirochemie solutions, Hyderabad SR BIOSYSTEM Pvt. Ltd., NEW DELHI-110058 SR BIOSYSTEM Pvt. Ltd., NEW DELHI - 58 Sri Dhanalakshmi Industries, Sivakasi - 626189 Standardcon Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai - 400003 Sugen Life Sciences, Tirupati, 517 505, India Supreme Enterprises, Ambala Cantt - 133001

    T

    Technical Resources, Mumbai Tulip Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., Bhavnagar - 364001

    U

    ubio Biotechnology Systems Pvt Ltd, Cochin Unigenetics Instruments Pvt. Ltd., 110091 UP-TO-DATE INDUSTRIES, Delhi - 110006

    V

    VANDANA CHEMICALS, Ankleshwar - 393002 Vedic Lifesciences, Mumbai,400053 Vinar BioGenes, MUMBAI 400 053 INDIA Viscus Infotech Pvt. Ltd., Indore, 452 001 Viswagen Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Pala, Kerala 686 575 Vivo Bio Tech Ltd, Hyderabad-500 029

    W

    Welch Chemie, Mumbai 400 006 India

    X

    Xzeogenics, Trivandrum,Kerala

    Z

    Zytex (India) Pvt. Ltd. - Arun & Co., Mumbai - 400 059

    ?

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    1476 2010-01-13 14:02:26 2010-01-13 08:32:26 open open biomedical-companies-in-india-as-per-hum-molgen publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263372298 email_notification 1263371552 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Circuits, Signals, and Systems for Bioengineers: A MATLAB-Based Introduction By John L. Semmlow http://biomedikal.in/circuits-signals-and-systems-for-bioengineers-a-matlab-based-introduction-by-john-l-semmlow/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 09:06:48 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1484 Circuits, Signals, and Systems for Bioengineers: A MATLAB-Based Introduction Academic Press | Mar 2005 | ISBN: 0120884933 | 464 pages | PDF | 2,7 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Approaches such as the Transfer Function and the Fourier and the Laplace transforms are important tools for bioengineers that often considered borrowed from electrical engineering. This text allows bioengineering students and bioengineers the ability to foster a sense of ownership of these tools by providing them with a solid foundation in the concepts of linear systems analysis. Circuits, Signals and Systems for Bioengineers guides readers through the basic engineering concepts that underlie biological systems, medical devices, biocontrol, and biosignal analysis. Material important to their study and traditionally taught in an electrical engineering service course can now be embraced by bioengineers. To further enhance the effectiveness of the book, instructive illustrations and MATLAB routines and examples are provided throughout the book with additional material available on a CD-ROM. * Translates important electrical engineering tools such as Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform, analog modeling, systems modeling, and other linear systems analysis techniques for bioengineering students. * Includes MATLAB examples and problems. * Includes CD-Rom with PowerPoint presentations, extra examples, figures, and support routines.

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    1484 2010-01-13 14:36:48 2010-01-13 09:06:48 open open circuits-signals-and-systems-for-bioengineers-a-matlab-based-introduction-by-john-l-semmlow publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263373613 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263373609 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 delicious s:86:"s:78:"a:3:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:9:"post_tags";s:0:"";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373677";}";"; reddit s:63:"s:55:"a:2:{s:5:"count";s:1:"0";s:4:"time";s:10:"1263373677";}";";
    Design of Medical Electronic Devices By Reinaldo Perez http://biomedikal.in/design-of-medical-electronic-devices-by-reinaldo-perez/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 09:18:31 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1491

    Reinaldo Perez, "Design of Medical Electronic Devices" Academic Press; 1st edition (March 14, 2002) | English | 0125507119 | 279 pages | PDF | 2.23 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    The design of medical electronics is unique because of the background needed by the engineers and scientists involved. Often the designer is a medical or life science professional without any training in electronics or design. Likewise, few engineers are specifically trained in biomedical engineering and have little or no exposure to the specific medical requirements of these devices. Design of Medical Electronic Devices presents all essential topics necessary for basic and advanced design. All aspects of the electronics of medical devices are also covered. This is an essential book for graduate students as well as professionals involved in the design of medical equipment. Covers every stage of the process, from design to manufacturing to implementation Topics covered include analogue/digital conversions, data acquisition, signal processing, optics, and reliability and failure

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    1491 2010-01-13 14:48:31 2010-01-13 09:18:31 open open design-of-medical-electronic-devices-by-reinaldo-perez publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263380818 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263374311 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 43 synergythris786@gmail.com http://synergythris786.wordpress.com 122.173.68.193 2010-01-13 15:03:14 2010-01-13 09:33:14 1 0 0
    Clinical Engineering Handbook By Joseph Dyro http://biomedikal.in/clinical-engineering-handbook-by-joseph-dyro/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 09:19:08 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1487 Joseph Dyro “Clinical Engineering Handbook" Academic Press | 2004-08-27 | ISBN: 012226570X | 696 pages | PDF | 11,9 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    As the biomedical engineering field expands throughout the world, clinical engineers play an evermore-important role as translators between the medical, engineering, and business professions. They influence procedure and policy at research facilities, universities, as well as private and government agencies including the Food and Drug Administration and the World Health Organization. The profession of clinical engineering continues to seek its place amidst the myriad of professionals that comprise the health care field. The Clinical Engineering Handbook meets a long felt need for a comprehensive book on all aspects of clinical engineering that is a suitable reference in hospitals, classrooms, workshops, and governmental and non-governmental organization. The Handbooks thirteen sections address the following areas: Clinical Engineering; Models of Clinical Engineering Practice; Technology Management; Safety Education and Training; Design, Manufacture, and Evaluation and Control of Medical Devices; Utilization and Service of Medical Devices; Information Technology; and Professionalism and Ethics. The Clinical Engineering Handbook provides the reader with prospects for the future of clinical engineering as well as guidelines and standards for best practice around the world. From telemedicine and IT issues, to sanitation and disaster planning, it brings together all the important aspects of clinical engineering. * Clinical Engineers are the safety and quality faciltators in all medical facilities. * The most definitive, comprehensive, and up-to-date book available on the subject of clinical engineering. * Over 170 contributions by leaders in the field of clinical engineering.

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    1487 2010-01-13 14:49:08 2010-01-13 09:19:08 open open clinical-engineering-handbook-by-joseph-dyro publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263380537 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263374348 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 44 synergythris786@gmail.com http://synergythris786.wordpress.com 122.173.68.193 2010-01-13 15:03:09 2010-01-13 09:33:09 1 0 0
    Atlas of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord http://biomedikal.in/atlas-of-the-human-brain-and-spinal-cord/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 11:15:42 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1497

    Atlas of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers | Language: English | ISBN: 0763753181 | 223 pages | Data: 2008 | PDF | 35 Mb

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    The Second Edition of Atlas of the Human Brain and Spinal Cord offers the essentials of neuroanatomy in a newly revised format. This atlas allows students to synthesize a three-dimensional concept of the major motor and sensory systems ofthe human brain and spinal cord by providing a photographic survey of the macroscopic and microscopic structure of the central nervous system. It is organized into 6 sections and covers material on gross anatomy, spinal cord, brain stem, coronal sections, axial sections, parasagittal sections, arteries and angiograms, neuroanatomical lesions, nuclear magnetic images of brain tumors, and more. The atlas plates are labeled with emphasis on major neuroanatomic structures important in clinical neurology. In addition to the high quality plates that made the first edition a best-seller, thesecond edition now features

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    1497 2010-01-13 16:45:42 2010-01-13 11:15:42 open open atlas-of-the-human-brain-and-spinal-cord publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263381859 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263381355 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Cancer Imaging Volume 2: Instrumentation and Applications By M. A. Hayat http://biomedikal.in/cancer-imaging-volume-2-instrumentation-and-applications-by-m-a-hayat/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 11:37:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1503 M. A. Hayat, "Cancer Imaging, Volume 2: Instrumentation and Applications" Academic Press | 2007-12-07 | ISBN: 0123741831 | 792 pages | PDF | 27,5 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    This second of two volumes on Cancer Imaging covers the three major topics of imaging instrumentation, general imaging applications, and imaging of a number of human cancer types. Where the first volume emphasized lung and breast carcinomas, Volume 2 focuses on prostate, colorectal, ovarian, gastrointestinal, and bone cancers. Although cancer therapy is not the main subject of this series, the crucial role of imaging in selecting the type of therapy and its post-treatment assessment are discussed. The major emphasis in this volume is on cancer imaging; however, differentiation between benign tumors and malignant tumors is also discussed. Concentrates on the application of imaging technology to the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate, colorectal, ovarian, gastrointestinal, and bone cancers Addresses relationship between radiation dose and image quality Discusses the role of molecular imaging in identifying changes for the emergence and progression of cancer at the cellular and/or molecular levels

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    1503 2010-01-13 17:07:00 2010-01-13 11:37:00 open open cancer-imaging-volume-2-instrumentation-and-applications-by-m-a-hayat publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263382745 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263382620 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Fundamentals of Medical Imaging By Paul Suetens http://biomedikal.in/fundamentals-of-medical-imaging-by-paul-suetens/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 11:56:00 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1508 Paul Suetens "Fundamentals of Medical Imaging" Cambridge University Press | English | 2009-08-31 | ISBN: 0521519152 | 264 pages | PDF | 15 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Fundamentals of Medical Imaging, second edition, is an invaluable technical introduction to each imaging modality, explaining the mathematical and physical principles and giving a clear understanding of how images are obtained and interpreted. Individual chapters cover each imaging modality - radiography, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine and ultrasound - reviewing the physics of the signal and its interaction with tissue, the image formation or reconstruction process, a discussion of image quality and equipment, clinical applications and biological effects and safety issues. Subsequent chapters review image analysis and visualization for diagnosis, treatment and surgery.

    New to this edition:

    • Appendix of questions and answers

    • New chapter on 3D image visualization

    • Advanced mathematical formulae in separate text boxes

    • Ancillary website containing 3D animations: www.cambridge.org/suetens

    • Full colour illustrations throughout Engineers, clinicians, mathematicians and physicists will find this an invaluable aid in understanding the physical principles of imaging and theirclinical applications.

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    1508 2010-01-13 17:26:00 2010-01-13 11:56:00 open open fundamentals-of-medical-imaging-by-paul-suetens publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263383820 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263383764 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Biomedical Ethics for Engineers: Ethics and Decision Making in Biomedical and Biosystem Engineering By Daniel A.Vallero http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-ethics-for-engineers-ethics-and-decision-making-in-biomedical-and-biosystem-engineering-by-daniel-a-vallero/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 12:35:28 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1511

    Biomedical Ethics for Engineers: Ethics and Decision Making in Biomedical and Biosystem Engineering Publisher: Academic Press | Pages: 408 | 2007-03-30 | ISBN 0750682272 | PDF | 7 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Biomedical Ethics for Engineers provides biomedical engineers with a new set of tools and an understanding that the application of ethical measures will seldom reach consensus even among fellow engineers and scientists. The solutions are never completely technical, so the engineer must continue to improve the means of incorporating a wide array of societal perspectives, without sacrificing sound science and good design principles. Dan Vallero understands that engineering is a profession that profoundly affects the quality of life from the subcellular and nano to the planetary scale. Protecting and enhancing life is the essence of ethics; thus every engineer and design professional needs a foundation in bioethics. In high-profile emerging fields such as nanotechnology, biotechnology and greenengineering , public concerns and attitudes become especially crucial factors given the inherent uncertainties and high stakes involved. Ethics thus means more than a commitment to abide by professional norms of conduct. This book discusses the full suite of emerging biomedical and environmental issues that must be addressed by engineers and scientists within a global and societal context. In addition it gives technical professionals tools to recognize and address bioethical questions and illustrates that an understanding of the application of these measures will seldom reach consensus even among fellow engineers and scientists.

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    1511 2010-01-13 18:05:28 2010-01-13 12:35:28 open open biomedical-ethics-for-engineers-ethics-and-decision-making-in-biomedical-and-biosystem-engineering-by-daniel-a-vallero publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263386138 email_notification 1263386132 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Bioelectrical Signal Processing in Cardiac and Neurological Applications By Leif S rnmo,Pablo Laguna http://biomedikal.in/bioelectrical-signal-processing-in-cardiac-and-neurological-applications-by-leif-s-rnmopablo-laguna/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 13:05:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1515

    Bioelectrical Signal Processing in Cardiac and Neurological Applications Publisher: Academic Press | Pages: 688 | 2005-06-15 | ISBN 0124375529 | PDF | 33 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    The analysis of bioelectrical signals continues to receive wide attention in research as well as commercially because novel signal processing techniques have helped to uncover valuable information for improved diagnosis and therapy. This book takes a unique problem-driven approach to biomedical signal processing by considering a wide range of problems in cardiac and neurological applications?the two "heavyweight" areas of biomedical signal processing. The interdisciplinary nature of the topic is reflected in how the text interweaves physiological issues with related methodological considerations. Bioelectrical Signal Processing is suitable for a final year undergraduate or graduate course as well as for use as an authoritative reference for practicing engineers, physicians, and researchers. Solutions Manual available online at http://www.textbooks.elsevier.com

    Audience

    Biomedical Engineers, Electrical Engineers, Signal Processing Engineers, Electrocardiologists and other medical professionals involved in biomedical engineering research and biomedical instrument/device development.

    Contents

    Preface 1. Introduction 1.1 Biomedical Signal Processing: Objectives and Contexts 1.2 Basics of Bioelectrical Signals 1.3 Signal Acquisition and Analysis 1.4 Performance Evaluation 2. The Electroencephalogram – A Brief Background 2.1 The Nervous System 2.2 The EEG – Electrical Activity Measured on the Scalp 2.3 Recording Techniques 2.4 EEG Applications 3. EEG Signal Processing 3.1 Modeling the EEG Signal 3.2 Artifacts in the EEG 3.3 Nonparametric Spectral Analysis 3.4 Model-based Spectral Analysis 3.5 EEG Segmentation 3.6 Joint Time-Frequency Analysis 4. Evoked Potentials 4.1 Evoked Potential Modalities 4.2 Noise Characteristics 4.3 Noise Reduction by Ensemble Averaging 4.4 Noise Reduction by Linear Filtering 4.5 Single-Trial Analysis Using Basic Functions 4.6 Adaptive Analysis Using Basis Functions 4.7 Wavelets 5. The Electromyogram 5.1 The Electrical Activity of Muscles 5.2 Amplitude Estimation in the Surface EMG 5.3 Spectral Analysis of the Surface EMG 5.4 Conduction Velocity Estimation 5.5 Modeling the Intramuscular EMG 5.6 Intramuscular EMG Signal Decomposition 6. The Electrocardiogram – A Brief Background 6.1 Electrical Activity of the Heart 6.2 Generation and Recording of an ECG 6.3 Heart Rhythms 6.4 Heartbeat Morphologies 6.5 Noise and Artifacts 6.6 Clinical Applications 7. ECG Signal Processing 7.1 Baseline Wander 7.2 Powerline Interference (50/60 Hz) 7.3 Muscle Noise Filtering 7.4 QRS Detection 7.5 Wave Delineation 7.6 Data Compression 8. ECG Signal Processing: Heart Rate Variability 8.1 Acquisition and RR Interval Conditioing 8.2 Time Domain Measures 8.3 Heart Rhythm Representations 8.4 Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability 8.5 Clustering of Beat Morphologies 8.6 Dealing with Ectopic Beats 8.7 Interaction with Other Physiological Signals Appendix A: Review of Important Concepts A.1 Matrix Fundamentals A.2 Discrete-Time Stochastic Process Appendix B: Symbols and Abbreviations B.1 Mathematical Symbols B.2 Abbreviations Index

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

    UPLOADING.COM
    RAPIDSHARE
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    1515 2010-01-13 18:35:41 2010-01-13 13:05:41 open open bioelectrical-signal-processing-in-cardiac-and-neurological-applications-by-leif-s-rnmopablo-laguna publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263388079 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263387945 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    Principles of Regenerative Medicine By Anthony Atala, Robert Lanza, Robert Nerem, James A. Thomson http://biomedikal.in/principles-of-regenerative-medicine-by-anthony-atala-robert-lanza-robert-nerem-james-a-thomson/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 13:31:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1519

    Anthony Atala, Robert Lanza, Robert Nerem, James A. Thomson, "Principles of Regenerative Medicine" Academic Press | 2007 | ISBN: 0123694108 | 1372 pages | PDF | 16,9 MB

    BOOK DESCRIPTION

    Virtually any disease that results from malfunctioning, damaged, or failing tissues may be potentially cured through regenerative medicine therapies, by either regenerating the damaged tissues in vivo, or by growing the tissues and organs in vitro and implanting them into the patient. Principles of Regenerative Medicine discusses the latest advances in technology and medicine for replacing tissues and organs damaged by disease and of developing therapies for previously untreatable conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, and renal failure. * Key for all researchers and instituions in Stem Cell Biology, Bioengineering, and Developmental Biology * The first of its kind to offer an advanced understanding of the latest technologies in regenerative medicine * New discoveries from leading researchers on restoration of diseased tissues and organs

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

    uploading.com
    depositfiles.com
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    1519 2010-01-13 19:01:27 2010-01-13 13:31:27 open open principles-of-regenerative-medicine-by-anthony-atala-robert-lanza-robert-nerem-james-a-thomson publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263390837 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263389498 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    GERMAN-INDIA ACADEMIC EXCHANGE SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM (DAAD SCHOLARSHIP) http://biomedikal.in/german-india-academic-exchange-scholarship-program-daad-scholarship/ Wed, 13 Jan 2010 17:29:41 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1525 DAAD Scholarship for Indian nationals The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) in India annually offers fellowships for Indian nationals for research and study at universities and research institutes in the Federal Republic of Germany. The DAAD Regional Office, New Delhi, has made the announcement of the DAAD programs for the academic year 2010-2011. There are scholarships available for:
    1. Students to do their summer internships or summer jobs in Germany,
    2. Graduates and doctoral students and,
    3. For post-doctorates and research scientists.
    //
    // This year DAAD offers master's scholarships in Public Policy and Good Governance and also for postgraduate courses with relevance to developing countries. For further information on DAAD Scholarships, contact: chennai@daadindia.org. IGTC offers PGPBA: The Indo - German Training Centre (IGTC) is an educational and training initiative of the lndo-German Chamber of Commerce. The centre imparts a unique, industry - focused PGPBA program based on the German Dual System of Education. The postgraduate program in business administration is divided into four theory phases for a duration of 12 months. Practical training phase for a period of six months will be at Indian and German companies. For further details Contact: 32, G.N. Chetty Road, T.Nagar, Chennai - 600 017, Phone: 044 - 28340107 / 28340067, Mobile: 98400 20672, Website: www.igtcindia.com.
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    1526 2010-01-13 22:59:41 2010-01-13 17:29:41 open open german-india-academic-exchange-scholarship-program-daad-scholarship publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263403914 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 email_notification 1263403782 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS IN DELHI/NCR,ACADEMIC OPENINGS:BIOMEDICAL TEACHING JOBS & LAB TECHNICIAN JOBS IN PDM,BAHADURGARH,DELHI-NCR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-in-delhincracademic-openingsbiomedical-teaching-jobs-lab-technician-jobs-in-pdmbahadurgarhdelhi-ncr-9-days-left-apply-fast/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 07:44:27 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1528 PDM College of Engineering
    Approved by AICTE, Ministry of HRD, Govt. of India &
    DTE, Govt. of Haryana and affiliated to Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak

    Invites applications for

    Professors / Asst. Professors / Lecturers in the disciplines of Computer Science & Engg., Information Technology, Mechanical Engg., Electronics & Communication Engg., Bio-Medical Engg. Instrumentation & Control Engg., Applied Sciences

    , Management & MCA

    Lab Technicians / Instructors in the disciplines of Computer Science & Engg., Information Technology, Mechanical Engg., Electronics & Communication Engg., Bio-Medical Engg., Instrumentation & Control Engg., Applied Sciences

    System Engineer/ System Programmer / Web Designer / Junior Engineer (Horticulture) / Graphic Designer / Stenographer / Receptionist

    Qualifications & Pay scale as per AICTE / UGC/Haryana Govt. Norms. Higher start possible for outstanding candidates. Retired persons of proven academic record are also eligible. The pay package for other positions will commensurate with qualifications and experience. Applications should reach this Institution within 10 days from the date of publication of this advertisement.

    Transport facilities are available for Delhi, Rohtak, Sonipat, Gurgaon

    Recretary

    PDM Education Institutions
    Bahadurgarh - 124 507 Haryana
    Phone Nos.: 01276-221761, 221748. Fax: 01276-221714

    Website: www.pdmce.com

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    1528 2010-01-14 13:14:27 2010-01-14 07:44:27 open open biomedical-jobs-in-delhincracademic-openingsbiomedical-teaching-jobs-lab-technician-jobs-in-pdmbahadurgarhdelhi-ncr-9-days-left-apply-fast publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263455384 email_notification 1263455068 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT DELHI/MUMBAI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-delhimumbai/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 07:56:33 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1532 Job Description: To help sales engineer maximize their time efficiently sales. To give technical & critical support n the OR or the ICU, to provide user solution. Organize some local events based on technique & therapy to support solution. Experience Required: 3 - 8 Years Education Required: UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical Job Title Application Specialist : Bio-medical products : MNC: MUMBAI/ DELHI Classification Pharma, Healthcare & Biotechnology Jobs Job Type Full-time Job Salary Rupees 3,00,000 - 7,00,000 Company and Contact Details Company An international leader in the fields of medical and safety technology. Company Profile German based MNC, has nearly 11,000 employees worldwide & is present in over 190 countries. Dealing products like : gas detection sys, respiratory protection, alcohol & testing instru, anesthesia workstations, ventilation equipt,ventilation unit ETC Email - placement.sharp@gmail.com]]> 1532 2010-01-14 13:26:33 2010-01-14 07:56:33 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-delhimumbai publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263456880 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 email_notification 1263455793 _wpas_done_twitter 1 BIOMEDICAL JOBS AT KOCHI /LUCKNOW http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-at-kochi-lucknow/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 08:22:39 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1535 About Company KLB Instruments Co (P) Ltd Job Description About us:
    We are an All India based company with our offices in all major cities of India and we work with the leading companies of Japan US and Germany
    Job Profile:
    The person should hold an engineering degree in Electronics or Bio Medical Engineering or MSc in Physics or Chemistry. The person should be energetic and willing to travel extensively.
    Job Summary Company Name KLB Instruments Co (P) Ltd Location Kochi, Lucknow Experience 2 - 4 years Key Skills "Sales Engineer", "Service Engineer", Engineer, Sales Education B.E/B.Tech, M.E/M.Tech/MS, M.Sc Category Sales Role • Area/ Territory Sales Manager • Sales Exec/ Sales Representative • Business Development Executive
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    1535 2010-01-14 13:52:39 2010-01-14 08:22:39 open open biomedical-jobs-at-kochi-lucknow publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263457497 email_notification 1263457370 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON MEDICAL IMAGING http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-medical-imaging/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:13:26 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1540 ABC’s of Radiology Principles of MRI PDF PDF Trauma and Fracture Healing PDF PDF MRI Principles PDF PDF Introduction to MRI Spine Imaging of the Hip PDF PDF Spine Lecture PDF PDF Spine Lecture PDF PDF Computed Tomography PDF PDF CPECT/PET 2008 PDF PDF MEG PET PDF PDF PDF2 PDF MRI of the Knee, Shoulder and Hip PDF PDF MRI of the Shoulder PDF PDF MRI Knee 2008 PDF PDF US Physics for Imaging PDF PDF Radiology Reports Presentation PDF PDF X-Ray Femoralneck Fracture PDF PDF CT Tibialplateau Fracture PDF PDF X-Ray Wrist Fracture PDF PDF CT Tibialfibular Fractures PDF PDF X-Ray TKR PDF PDF CT Brain PDF PDF MR Cervicalspine PDF PDF MR Lumbarspine PDF PDF ]]> 1540 2010-01-14 15:43:26 2010-01-14 10:13:26 open open lecture-notes-on-medical-imaging publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_lock 1263464010 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263464006 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1 LECTURE NOTES ON PRINCIPLES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-principles-of-nanotechnology/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:21:23 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1542
  • Nanoparticles (Lecture notes)
  • Nanotubes - 1 (Lecture notes)
  • Nanotube Synthesis (Lecture notes)
  • Nanotube purification (Lecture notes)
  • ]]>
    1542 2010-01-14 15:51:23 2010-01-14 10:21:23 open open lecture-notes-on-principles-of-nanotechnology publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263465037 email_notification 1263464484 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON NANOTECHNOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-nanotechnology/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:24:03 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1544

    Lecture 1: Introduction

    Lecture 2: Nanofabrication and characterization

    Lecture 3: Quantum particle in a box

    Lecture 4: Tunnel junctions

    Lecture 5: Coulomb blockade

    Lecture 6: Single electron island

    Lecture 7: Double tunnel junction

    Lecture 8: Single electron transistor

    Lecture 9: Two dimensional electron gas (2DEG)

    Lecture 10: Nanowires, quantization of electrical resistance

    Lecture 11: Quantum point contact

    Lecture 12: Quantum dots; molecular electronics

    Post-midterm reading list (partial)

    Lecture 13: Carbon nanotubes

    SOURCE http://nano.ece.uci.edu

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    1544 2010-01-14 15:54:03 2010-01-14 10:24:03 open open lecture-notes-on-nanotechnology publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263465542 email_notification 1263464647 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON NANOTECHNOLOGY FROM MIT http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-nanotechnology-from-mit/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:30:53 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1550 LEC # TOPICS iTunes Audio Internet Archive Audio 1 Introduction to Nanotechnology and Nanoscale Transport Phenomena; Microscopic Pictures of Heat Carriers (PDF) (MP3 - 38MB) (MP3 - 38MB) 2 Characteristic Time and Length, Simple Kinetic Theory, Characteristic (PDF) (MP3 - 40.1MB) (MP3 - 40.1MB) 3 Schrödinger Equation (PDF) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (RM - 10MB) 4 Quantum Wells, Harmonic Oscillators, Rigid Rotors, and Hydrogen Atoms (PDF) (MP3 - 38.8MB) (MP3 - 38.8MB) (RM - 10MB) 5 Rigid Rotors, Hydrogen Atom, Electronic Levels in One-dimensional Lattice Chain (PDF) (MP3 - 38.9MB) (MP3 - 38.9MB) (RM - 10MB) 6 Electronic Energy Levels in Crystals (PDF) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (RM - 10MB) 7 Phonon Energy Levels in Crystals, Crystal Structures (PDF) (MP3 - 39.2MB) (MP3 - 39.2MB) (RM - 10MB) 8 Reciprocal Lattice, X-ray (PDF) (MP3 - 36.9MB) (MP3 - 36.9MB) (RM - 9.6MB) 9 Energy Spectrum in Nanostructures, Density of States, Statistical Distributions (PDF) (MP3 - 33.8MB) (MP3 - 33.8MB) (RM - 8.8MB) 10 Specific Heat of Molecules, Electrons, Phonons; Blackbody Radiation (PDF) (MP3 - 38.5MB) (MP3 - 38.5MB) (RM - 10MB) 11 Effects of Nanostructures on Energy Storage, Energy Transfer by Waves, Electron Waves (PDF) (MP3 - 39.2MB) (MP3 - 39.2MB) (RM - 10MB) 12 Electromagnetic Waves, Reflection of Waves at a Single Interface (PDF) (MP3 - 40.5MB) (MP3 - 40.5MB) (RM - 10MB) 13 Acoustic Waves, Interference and Tunneling (PDF) (MP3 - 39.3MB) (MP3 - 39.3MB) (RM - 10MB) 14 Laudauer Formalism (PDF) (MP3 - 38.5MB) (MP3 - 38.5MB) (RM - 10MB) 15 Midterm 1 16 Transport in Carbon Nanotubes (Guest Lecture Courtesy of Prof. Mildred Dresselhaus, MIT. Used with permission.) (PDF) (MP3 - 39.9MB) (MP3 - 39.9MB) (RM - 10MB) 17 Transition to Particle Description, Louiville Equation (PDF) (MP3 - 37.9MB) (MP3 - 37.9MB) (RM - 9.9MB) 18 Boltzmann Equation, Relaxation Time Approximation (PDF) (MP3 - 27.5MB) (MP3 - 27.5MB) (RM - 7.2MB) 19 Fourier Law and Newton's Shear Stress Law (PDF) (MP3 - 38.1MB) (MP3 - 38.1MB) (RM - 10MB) 20 Ohm's Law and Thermoelectric Effect (PDF) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (MP3 - 39.1MB) (RM - 10MB) 21 Nanostructured Thermoelectrics (Guest Lecture Courtesy of Prof. Mildred Dresselhaus, MIT. Used with permission.) (PDF) (MP3 - 38.3MB) (MP3 - 38.3MB) (RM - 10MB) 22 Take Home Exam 2 23 Thermoelectric Effect (PDF) (MP3 - 35.6MB) (MP3 - 35.6MB) (RM - 9.3MB) 24 Classical Size Effects, Parallel Direction (PDF) (MP3 - 38.7MB) (MP3 - 38.7MB) (RM - 10MB) 25 Classical Size Effects, Perpendicular Direction (PDF) (MP3 - 6.1MB) (MP3 - 6.1MB) (RM - 10MB) 26 Liquid, Brownian Motion, Forces and Potentials, Electrokinetics, Surface Tension (PDF) (MP3 - 34MB) (MP3 - 34MB) (RM - 8.9MB)
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    1550 2010-01-14 16:00:53 2010-01-14 10:30:53 open open lecture-notes-on-nanotechnology-from-mit publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 geo_latitude 28.372060 _edit_last 11062180 _edit_lock 1263465165 enclosure http://www.archive.org/download/MIT2.57F04/2.57-Lecture26.rm 9318595 audio/x-pn-realaudio email_notification 1263465055 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    VIDEO LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEMS & BIONANOTECHNOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/video-lectures-on-biomems-bionanotechnology/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:40:38 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1554 An Introduction to BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology

    BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology have the potential to make significant impact in a wide range of fields and applications. This lecture series introduces the basic concepts and topics underlying the interdisciplinary areas of BioMEMS and Bionanotechnology. Advances in this field require the knowledge of polymer processing and soft lithography in addition to silicon-inspired fabrication. Since the primary aim of many of these devices and systems is to form sensors for biological and chemical entities, an introduction to DNA, proteins, and microbiology is also essential. These devices and systems are designed to handle fluids at these small scale and hence the basic concepts of microfluidics need to be reviewed. Means to transport fluids and biological entities in these devices are necessary for the proper functioning and design of integrated devices, that can perform complete analysis on biological and chemical samples. These key topics are reviewed in this lecture series to equip the listener to get engaged deeper in these exciting areas of research.

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    1554 2010-01-14 16:10:38 2010-01-14 10:40:38 open open video-lectures-on-biomems-bionanotechnology publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 _edit_last 11062180 email_notification 1263465640 _edit_lock 1263466567 _wpas_done_twitter 1 enclosure http://www.nanohub.org/resource_files/2006/01/01000/2005.02.07-bashir4.asx 615 video/x-ms-asf geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON FUNDAMENTAL OF NANOELECTRONICS http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-fundamental-of-nanoelectronics/ Thu, 14 Jan 2010 10:56:11 +0000 http://kushtripathi.wordpress.com/?p=1561 Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics Lectures contain: Lecture 1: Energy Level Diagram; Lecture 2: What Makes Electrons Flow?; Lecture 3: Quantum of Conductance; Lecture 4: Charging Effects 1; Lecture 5: Charging Effects 2; Lecture 6: Charging Effect, Towards Ohm's Law; Lecture 7: Hydrogen Atom; Lecture 8: Schrödinger Equation 1; Lecture 9: Schrödinger Equation 2; Lecture 10: Finite Difference Method 1; Lecture 11: Finite Difference Method 2; Lecture 12: Separation of Variables; Lecture 13: Atomic Energy Levels; Lecture 14: Covalent Bonds; Lecture 15a: Basis Functions 1; Lecture 15b: Basis Functions 2; Lecture 15c: Basis Functions 3; Lecture 16: Bandstructure 1; Lecture 17: Bandstructure 2; Lecture 18: Bandstructure 3; Lecture 19: Bandstructure 4; Lecture 20: Reciprocal Lattice; Lecture 21: Graphene Bandstructure; Lecture 22: Carbon Nanotubes; Lecture 23: Subbands; Lecture 24: Density of States; Lecture 25: Density of States: General Approach; Lecture 26: Density of States in Nanostructures; Lecture 27: Minimum Resistance of a Wire 1; Lecture 28: Minimum Resistance of a Wire 2; Lecture 29: Effective Mass Equation; Lecture 30: Quantum Capacitance; Lecture 31: Broadening; Lecture 32: Broadening and Lifetime; Lecture 33: Local Density of States; Lecture 34: Current/Voltage Characteristics; Lecture 35: Transmission; Lecture 36: Coherent Transport; Lecture 37: Wavefunction versus Green's Function; Lecture 38: Ohm's Law; Lecture 39: Coulomb Blockade Abstract: The development of "nanotechnology" has made it possible to engineer material and devices on a length scale as small as several nanometers (atomic distances are ~ 0.1 nm). The properties of such "nanostructures" cannot be described in terms of macroscopic parameters like mobility or diffusion coefficient and a microscopic or atomistic viewpoint is called for. The purpose of this course is to convey the conceptual framework that underlies this microscopic viewpoint using examples related to the emerging field of nanoelectronics.
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    1561 2010-01-14 16:26:11 2010-01-14 10:56:11 open open lecture-notes-on-fundamental-of-nanoelectronics publish 0 0 post 0 _searchme 1 email_notification 1263466584 _edit_lock 1263466730 _edit_last 11062180 geo_latitude 28.372060 geo_longitude 77.318543 geo_accuracy 0 geo_address Sector 11, Old Faridabad, Faridabad, Haryana, India geo_public 1 _wpas_done_yup 1 _wpas_done_twitter 1
    header-biomedical(2) http://biomedikal.in/?attachment_id=3 Wed, 14 Apr 2010 16:38:38 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/header-biomedical2.jpg 3 2010-04-14 16:38:38 2010-04-14 16:38:38 open open header-biomedical2 inherit 0 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/header-biomedical2.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/header-biomedical2.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"902";s:6:"height";s:3:"156";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='22' width='128'";s:4:"file";s:30:"2010/04/header-biomedical2.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:30:"header-biomedical2-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:29:"header-biomedical2-300x51.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:2:"51";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} LECTURE NOTES http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes/ Wed, 14 Apr 2010 18:07:55 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?page_id=1568 BIOMATERIALS COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMATERIALS (ALL TOPICS)

    UNIVERSITY EXAMS TOPIC WISE NOTES ON BIOMATERIALS

    UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON TOPICS OF BIOMATERIALS (CONTINUED………….)

    UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON ALL THE TOPICS OF BIOMATERIALS

    BIOMECHANICS

    MUSCLE CONTRACTION-MECHANICS-BIOMECHANICS NOTES

    BIOMEMS & BIO-NANOTECHNOLOGY

    VIDEO LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEMS & BIONANOTECHNOLOGY

    POWERPOINT LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEMS

    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING TOPICS

    BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

    LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

    BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL ANALYSIS

    ORIGIN OF BIOPOTENTIALS-BASIS OF FORMATION OF ALL MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS

    BEST LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING & BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

    ALL IN ONE COMPILATION OF DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING-BIOMEDICAL NOTES PROCESING THE RADIOGRAPH-DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING NOTES

    IMAGE PROCESSING LECTURE NOTES

    ELECTRONICS

    LECTURE NOTES FROM ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT ANALYSIS BY DONALD A.NEAMEN (SPECIALLY ADDED FOR MDU ROHTAK STUDENTS)

    HUMAN ANATOMY

    HUMAN ANATOMY VIDEO LECTURES NOTES

    LECTURE NOTES ON HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

    HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

    LECTURE NOTES ON QUANTITATIVE PHYSIOLOGY

    MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

    LECTURE NOTES ON MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

    MEDICAL IMAGING

    LECTURE NOTES ON MEDICAL IMAGING COMPLETE LECTURE NOTES ON XRAYS FOR ANY UNIVERSITY OF INDIA

    LECTURE NOTES EXPLANATION OF ALL IMAGING MODALITY

    MRI

    STUDY GUIDES LECTURE NOTES & TUTORIALS ON MRI (MRI SIMPLIFIED)

    COMPLETE & BEST POWERPOINT LECTURE NOTES ON MRI (MUST DOWNLOAD FOR UNIVERSITY PAPERS AS WELL AS UNDERSTANDING MRI)

    NANOTECHNOLOGY

    LECTURE NOTES ON FUNDAMENTAL OF NANOELECTRONICS LECTURE NOTES ON NANOTECHNOLOGY FROM MIT LECTURE NOTES ON NANOTECHNOLOGY LECTURE NOTES ON PRINCIPLES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

    TROUBLESHOOTING OF BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS

    TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS(GOOD FOR BIOMEDICAL JOBS ASPIRANTS) COVERS DIFFERENT BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS SHORT PRECISE & BEST LECTURE NOTES ON ELECTRO-SURGICAL UNIT(ESU) "DIATHERMY MACHINE" SHORT AND PRECISE LECTURE NOTES ON ECG (ELECTROCARDIOGRAM) LECTURE NOTES ON DEFIBRILLATOR
    ]]>
    1568 2010-04-15 03:07:55 2010-04-14 18:07:55 open open lecture-notes publish 0 0 page 0 _edit_lock 1272168377 _edit_last 1
    WELCOME TO MY NEW SITE http://biomedikal.in/welcome-to-my-new-site/ Wed, 14 Apr 2010 18:47:48 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1578 HI TO ALL, IT WAS HARD TO GASP IN AIR AFTER I LOST ALL MY CONTROL OVER MY BLOG ON BIOMEDICAL AT WORDPRESS I WAS TOLD THAT I HAD VIOLATED THE TERMS AND CONDITION AS YOU PEOPLE WHO ARE VISITING ME WOULD HAVE HEARD IT WAS REALLY PAINFUL TO LOOSE THE SITE WHICH HAD AROUND 200 SUBSCRIBERS 1 LAKH FORTY TWO THOUSAND VISITS FROM AROUND 170 COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD THEN SUDDENLY CAME THE IDEA OF HAVING THE OWN DOMAIN NAME WHERE THERE ARE NO RESTRICTION SO I CAME HERE PLEASE HELP NOW IN MAKING THIS SITE BEST SITE IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING]]> 1578 2010-04-15 03:47:48 2010-04-14 18:47:48 open open welcome-to-my-new-site publish 0 0 post 1 _edit_lock 1271481907 _edit_last 1 61 dr.nasarbme6@gmail.com 115.248.6.197 2010-04-22 19:31:30 2010-04-22 10:31:30 1 0 0 57 manuvirgo18@gmail.com 59.178.52.187 2010-04-19 04:20:51 2010-04-18 19:20:51 1 0 0 49 najiummer@gmail.com 117.193.6.84 2010-04-17 11:42:23 2010-04-17 02:42:23 1 0 0 90 nazanin.hemmati@gmail.com 212.6.58.207 2010-05-07 16:19:57 2010-05-07 07:19:57 1 0 0 HOW A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER DEVELOPS IN INDIA? http://biomedikal.in/how-a-biomedical-engineer-develops-in-india/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 02:56:22 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1582 STEP  1 All of us have the biggest problem in our life time as biomedical.We assume it as our biggest constraint in job attaining ability. When a person wants to take admission in engineering colleges let it be good engineering colleges like NIT,IIT or any other college which has good reputation in their area. Some students give importance to branch they are being offered like wise they always going for premier branches like ECE,COMPUTERS,IT,MECHANICAL, I am calling these branches a premier branches not because they have good in them, but they are valued in job prospects when we passout. Many of the students are aware of the fact that they would not get placements easily if they are not in one of the core or premier branches,So they prefer branch over college they aspired and often take admission in colleges which are not equivalent to their ranks only because of branch. A  live example of such a thing is my friend anupam karn author of anupamtimes.com, He also left NIT because of craze for electronics and communication even after getting good approachable rank. Now you would be wondering why I have started  all this topic and what do i want to signify. I just basically want to highlight the other kind of people who take college up irrespective of branch, and most of them belong to the race of biomedical engineers. All those students who take up like any branch in hope of getting promoted to other good ones in the premier college are the main sufferers or I can say like around 80-85% of engineers learn about their branch what it is when they are in second year They never have the interest in same but had to take up as their rank in the competitive examination was not good and they were not able to get good colleges and they also not want to be the dropout's. This lack of interest,awareness regarding the field forms the first step of being a biomedical engineer and then the search starts............for finding the identity what i am ? STEP2 Now as the student has taken up biomedical engineering branch in first year , He would be asked a simple yet so difficult question by every teacher they face, as in first year a students needs to learn basics of engineering which comprises the lectures by teachers from all the branches , Thus all of them are curious in Knowing WHAT IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING? WHY DID YOU TURN UP FOR THIS BRANCh? These two questions kill the interest whatever they had in this field . As when the fellow students answer most have a same lame reply "sir , biomedical engineeering is a combination of medicine & engineering" Then after that the lecturer asks even if he hasnt got yet what biomedical engineering really is? He shoots his second question Why did you choose this branch? Then all the biomedical engineers proudly reply in this fashion " sir, actually the thing is that we weren't able to crack the medical entrance exam and also our AIEEE(engineering entrance exam) rank was not that good , so as we had interest in medicine so we decided to take up admission in this branch which will help us keep in touch to medicine along with the engineering background" So now we see that students are taking biomedical engineering as an alternative option or like an option in which they were unable to get admission in medical entrance exam so switched over their field as they were certain about the fact that they would not be able to get good college again, The students who have given the above answers are still good there are some more answers to the same lame question. Some students say"  sir i took biomedical engineering coz my parent wanted to see me as a graduate engineer as this branch needs the least rank and i was not good at studies so I took up this branch" and some say that " sir actually mujhe toh MBA hi karni thi ,ye toh bas graduation pura karne ke liy he (i took this branch because i had to do MBA & being an engineer for that is good)" and some say that " they wish to change branch so they have taken this branch to shift over to some another branch in the same college" This is how it is  decided why one wants to be a biomedical engineer in most of the situation..... THESE WERE THE STEPS 1 & 2 OF HOW BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER DEVELOPS IT IS A SERIES OF POST SO WAIT FOR THE NEXT POST.
    ]]>
    1582 2010-04-15 11:56:22 2010-04-15 02:56:22 open open how-a-biomedical-engineer-develops-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271300185 _edit_last 1 47 nanuajesh@gmail.com 81.102.105.180 2010-04-15 12:22:59 2010-04-15 03:22:59 1 0 0
    REQUEST SECTION http://biomedikal.in/request-section/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 03:13:52 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?page_id=1584 ALL BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS ARE REQUESTED TO QUERY HERE REGARDING BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS AND YOU CAN ASK FOR ANYTHING YOU WISH TO KNOW RELATED TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE ALL YOUR QUERIES WOULD BE FORWARDED TO OUR SUPPORT STAFF OR YOU CAN MAIL US AT SUPPORT@BIOMEDIKAL.IN HAPPY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING]]> 1584 2010-04-15 12:13:52 2010-04-15 03:13:52 open open request-section publish 0 7 page 0 _edit_lock 1271302046 _edit_last 1 What my Bachelors degree help me do http://biomedikal.in/this-image-is-self-explanatory-but-still-read-the-note-below-it/what-my-bachelors-degree-help-me-do/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 16:06:31 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do.jpg 1588 2010-04-16 01:06:31 2010-04-15 16:06:31 open open what-my-bachelors-degree-help-me-do inherit 1587 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"637";s:6:"height";s:3:"336";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='67' width='128'";s:4:"file";s:47:"2010/04/What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:47:"What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:47:"What-my-Bachelors-degree-help-me-do-300x158.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"158";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} THIS IMAGE IS SELF EXPLANATORY (but still read the note below it) http://biomedikal.in/this-image-is-self-explanatory-but-still-read-the-note-below-it/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 16:13:50 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1587

    THIS IS WHAT COMES INTO MIND WHEN ONE THINKS WHAT REALLY BTECH DEGREE HAS GIVEN HIM

    We all do engineering but there are very few people who stick to their engineering discipline and the reason behind this lack of fan falling for core engineering job is the lack of practical education.

    People just talk like that no one likes to do anything regarding it.

    I with my this tiny blog want to help students get off the shackels of barriers put on by the college and move into a new dimension of studies which has knowledge with fun.

    This is the sole motive and hope it is understood.

    ]]>
    1587 2010-04-16 01:13:50 2010-04-15 16:13:50 open open this-image-is-self-explanatory-but-still-read-the-note-below-it publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271348032 _edit_last 1
    bin http://biomedikal.in/matlab-essentials-for-biomedical-engineers/bin/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 18:02:50 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/bin.jpg 1592 2010-04-16 03:02:50 2010-04-15 18:02:50 open open bin inherit 1590 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/bin.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/bin.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"618";s:6:"height";s:3:"125";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='25' width='128'";s:4:"file";s:15:"2010/04/bin.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:15:"bin-150x125.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"125";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:14:"bin-300x60.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:2:"60";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} MATLAB ESSENTIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS http://biomedikal.in/matlab-essentials-for-biomedical-engineers/ Thu, 15 Apr 2010 18:13:28 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1590

    MATLAB is a very important tool for every engineer but it plays a special role in the life of biomedical engineer so i decided to start up on MATLAB in a totally different fashion First Steps in MATLAB First of all officially  "MATLAB is a software package that lets you do mathematics and computation, analyse data, develop algorithms, do simulation and modelling, and produce graphical displays and graphical user interfaces." GETTING STARTED IN MATLAB
    1. To run matlab on a PC double-click on the matlab icon.To run matlab on a unix system, type matlab at the prompt.
    2. To end a matlab session type quit or exit at the matlab prompt.
    3. You can type help at the matlab prompt, or pull down the Help
    4. menu on a PC.When starting matlab you should see a message: To get started, type one of these commands: helpwin, helpdesk, or demo >>
    NOW HOW TO PERFORM FUNCTIONS IN MATLAB ADDITION: for adding two numbers just go to command prompt and just type 1+1 and press enter you will get the output as 2 ; it is as simple as that. MATLAB gives output as ans = 2 This  "ans" can be used also as a variable for the further operations.For example you can type ans*ans to check that 2 × 2=4 MATLAB  has updated the value of ans to be 4. Matrices' The basic object that MATLAB deals with is a matrix. A matrix is an array of numbers. For example the following are matrices: The size of a matrix is the number of rows by the number of columns. The ?rst matrix is a 3×3 matrix. The (2,3)-element is one million—1e6 stands for 1 × 106—and the (3,2)-element is pi = ? =3.14159 ... . The second matrix is a row-vector, the third matrix is a column-vector containing the number i, which is a pre-de?ned matlab variable equal to the square root of ?1. The last matrix is a 1 × 1 matrix, also called a scalar. Variables Variables in matlab are named objects that are assigned using the equals sign = . They are limited to 31 characters and can contain upper and lowercase letters, any number of ‘_’ characters, and numerals. They may not start with a numeral. matlab is case sensitive: A and a are di?erent variables. The following are valid matlab variable assignments: a=1 speed = 1500 name = ’biomedin’ invalid assignments: 2for1 = ’yes’ first one = 1 Please try this article if you like it i will post more
    ]]>
    1590 2010-04-16 03:13:28 2010-04-15 18:13:28 open open matlab-essentials-for-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271355254 _edit_last 1
    UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON ALL THE TOPICS OF BIOMATERIALS http://biomedikal.in/university-lecture-notes-on-all-the-topics-of-biomaterials/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 11:47:19 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1595 Overview Classes of Materials Used in Medicine Polymeric Materials – Part I Polymeric Materials – Part II Acute Wound Healing Blood Clotting Chronic Wound Healing and Foreign Body Response Surface Properties of Biomaterials Surface Characterization Surface & Protein Interactions Inflammation: Part I Inflammation: Part II-Degradation of Implanted Materials Device Regulation Device Development Biomaterials and Related Infections Prevention and Sterilization Surface Coatings Anti-Infective Coatings Wound Dressings and Sutures Elastomers Applications in Cardiology Hollow Fiber Membranes Applications in Nephrology Hydrogels Applications in Ophthalmology Metallic biomaterials 1 Metallic biomaterials 2 Applications in Orthopedics Ceramics and Bioglasses Adhesives and Sealents Applications in Dentistry Degradable Materials-Part I Degradable Materials-Part II]]> 1595 2010-04-16 20:47:19 2010-04-16 11:47:19 open open university-lecture-notes-on-all-the-topics-of-biomaterials publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271418442 _edit_last 1 POWERPOINT LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEMS http://biomedikal.in/powerpoint-lecture-notes-on-biomems/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 11:51:38 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1597 BioMEMS – Class 0 – CMEMS BioMEMS – Class 1 – Intro BioMEMS – Class 2 – Electrochemistry I BioMEMS – Class 3 – Electrochemistry II BioMEMS – Class 4 – Optics BioMEMS – Class 5 – Ion Selective Electrodes BioMEMS – Class 6 – PCR BioMEMS – Class 7 – DNA Arrays BioMEMS – Class 8 – Microfluidics Compared]]> 1597 2010-04-16 20:51:38 2010-04-16 11:51:38 open open powerpoint-lecture-notes-on-biomems publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271418701 _edit_last 1 UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON TOPICS OF BIOMATERIALS (CONTINUED.............) http://biomedikal.in/university-lecture-notes-on-topics-of-biomaterials-continued/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 11:52:50 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1599
    • Lecture 1: Molecular Design and Synthesis of Biomaterials I: Biodegradable Solid Polymeric Materials (PDF – 1.6 MB) Polyanhydride Deg Rates (XLS)
    • Lecture 2: Molecular Design and Synthesis of Biomaterials I: Biodegradable Materials (PDF)
    • Molecular Design and Synthesis of Biomaterials I: Biodegradable Solid Polymeric Materials (continued) (PDF)
    • Lecture 3: Degradable Materials with Biological Recognition (PDF – 1.5 MB)
    • Lecture 4: Degradable Materials with Biological Recognition (part II) (PDF)
    • Lecture 5: Controlled Release Devices (PDF)
    • Lecture 6: Programmed / Pulsed Drug Delivery and Drug Delivery in Tissue Engineering (PDF – 1.3 MB)
    • Biodegradable Polymers for Tissue Engineering (PDF)
    • Lecture 7: Hydrogel Biomaterials: Structure and Physical Chemistry (PDF – 1.4 MB)
    • Hydrogel Biomaterials: Structure and Physical Chemistry. (PDF)
    • Gel Swelling Calcs (XLS)
    • Lecture 8: Physical Hydrogels (PDF – 1.3 MB)
    • Lecture 9: Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels (PDF – 1.5 MB)
    • Brannon-Peppas Theory of Swelling in Ionic Hydrogels. (PDF)
    • Ionization Calcs (XLS)
    • Lecture 10: Bioengineering Applications of Hydrogels: Molecular Imprinting and Drug Delivery (PDF)
    • Hydrogels in Drug Delivery (PDF)
    • Lecture 11: Molecular Design and Synthesis of Biomaterials III: Inorganic Biomaterials (PDF – 2.2 MB)
    • Lecture 12: Organic Templating of Inorganic Materials and Bone Biomimesis (PDF – 2.4 MB)
    • Lecture 13: Molecular Devices (PDF – 1.3 MB)
    • Molecular Switches in the Cell: Fibronectin as a Mechanical Switch (Vogel, 2002) (PDF)
    • Lecture 14: Nano- and Micro-Particle Carriers (PDF)
    • PEGylated Surface Model (XLS)
    • Lecture 15: ‘Stealth’ Particles (PDF)
    • Lecture 16: Intracellular Drug Delivery (PDF)
    • Lecture 17: Drug Targeting (PDF)
    • Lecture 18: Biosensors (PDF)
    • Lecture 19: Biosensors (continued) (PDF – 2.3 MB)
    • Lecture 20: Cell- and Tissue-Based Biosensors (PDF – 1.3 MB)
    ]]>
    1599 2010-04-16 20:52:50 2010-04-16 11:52:50 open open university-lecture-notes-on-topics-of-biomaterials-continued publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271419311 _edit_last 1
    50 POWER POINT PRESENTATIONS FOR SEMINARS http://biomedikal.in/50-power-point-presentations-for-seminars/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:04:16 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1601
    1. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

    2. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON NIGHT VISION TECHNOLOGY

    3. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON MICROPROCESSOR

    4. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON RADAR

    5. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON NANOTECHNOLOGY

    6. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Mobile COMMUNICATION

    7. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS

    8. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON speech recognition

    9. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON frequency hoping

    10. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON NMS security System

    11. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON network security

    12. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON DSP and DIP 1

    13. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON DSP and DIP2

    14. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON GPRS

    15. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON MULTIMEDIA

    16. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BLUETOOTH 1

    17. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BLUETOOTH 2

    18. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON CDMA

    19. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON GSM

    20. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON 4G-1

    21. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON 4G 2

    22. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON DIGITAL JEWELLERY

    23. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON ELECTRO MAGNETIC TECHNIQUES

    24. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Compression Using Wavelets

    25. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON FUZZY

    26. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON DNA Computing-RBM284

    27. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BUS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

    28. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Brain gate system

    29. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON AUTOMOTIVE

    30. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BIOMEDICAL

    31. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON ADVANCED LEARNING METHODOLOGIES

    32. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BIOMETRICS   1

    33. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON BIOMETRICS   2

    34. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON GLOBALPOSITIONING SYSTEM (GPS)

    35. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON HIGH COMPRESSION OF FACES IN VIDEO SEQUENCES

    36. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Haptic technology

    37. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON HAM Radio Communication

    38. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Smart IR Temperature Sensor

    39. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON SOFT INSTRUMENTATION

    40. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Single event errors

    41. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON SENSOR TECHNOLOGY

    42. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Mobile

    43. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON MITRIONICS TURNING FPGA’S INTO SUPER COMPUTERS

    44. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON NANOTECHNOLOGY AND MEMS

    45. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON MICRO CONTROLLER BASED ANESTHESIA INJECTION

    46. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS PAPER

    47. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON PLC Based sequential batch process control system

    48. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON SED APROACH FOR INTELLIGENT MONITORING OF ROBOTIC SYSTEMS

    49. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON Robotics

    50. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON PRESSURE AND LEVEL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

    51. POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ON SELF-REPLICATING ROBOTS

    ]]>
    1601 2010-04-16 21:04:16 2010-04-16 12:04:16 open open 50-power-point-presentations-for-seminars publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271419530 _edit_last 1
    UNIVERSITY EXAMS TOPIC WISE NOTES ON BIOMATERIALS http://biomedikal.in/university-exams-topic-wise-notes-on-biomaterials/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:08:35 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1604

    Biomaterials: General

    Biomaterials: Implant Response

    Biomaterials: Metals

    Biomaterials: Ceramics

    Biomaterials: Polymers

    Regenerative Medicine: Cell and Gene Therapy

    Regenerative Medicine: Tissue Engineering

    ]]>
    1604 2010-04-16 21:08:35 2010-04-16 12:08:35 open open university-exams-topic-wise-notes-on-biomaterials publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271419784 _edit_last 1
    UNIVERSITY LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING & BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING http://biomedikal.in/university-lecture-notes-on-biomedical-image-processing-biomedical-signal-processing/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:28:08 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1608 Lecture 1. Signals and mathematical models Lecture 2 Digital representation of signals Lecture 3 Signal discretization by sampling Lecture 4 Element-wise quantization Lecture 5 Principles of signal and image coding Lecture 6 Signal transformations and their discrete representation. Digital filters Lecture 7 Discrete representations of Fourier Transform Lecture 8 Applications of DFT and SDFTs Lecture 9 Principles of signal parameter estimation Lecture 10 Signal reconstruction and enhancement: linear filters Lecture 11Signal/image restoration: nonlinear filters Lecture 12 Correlational averaging as a method for signal restoration Lecture 13 Ultrasound image processing for quantitative analysis of fetal movement Test signals and images for exercises]]> 1608 2010-04-16 21:28:08 2010-04-16 12:28:08 open open university-lecture-notes-on-biomedical-image-processing-biomedical-signal-processing publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271420956 _edit_last 1 LECTURE NOTES EXPLANATION OF ALL IMAGING MODALITY http://biomedikal.in/explanation-notes-regarding-all-imaging-modalities/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:37:04 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1611 Lecture 1: Principles of X-ray imaging (940 kB)

    Lecture 2 : Technology and applications for planar X-ray imaging (1.2 MB)

    Lecture 3 : Principles of X-ray Computed Tomography (660 kB)

    Lecture 4 : X-ray CT applications (1 MB)

    Lecture 5 : Nuclear Medicine (356 kB)

    Lecture 6 : Emission Tomographies (1.5 MB)

    Lecture 7 : Principles of Ultrasound imaging (576 kB)

    Lecture 8 : Applications of Ultrasound imaging (884 kB)

    Lecture 9 : Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (776 kB)

    Lecture 10 : Magnetic Resonance Imaging (1.8 MB)

    Reblog this post [with Zemanta]
    ]]>
    1611 2010-04-16 21:37:04 2010-04-16 12:37:04 open open explanation-notes-regarding-all-imaging-modalities publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271422149 _edit_last 1
    IMAGE PROCESSING LECTURE NOTES http://biomedikal.in/image-processing-lecture-notes/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:51:43 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1617 Introduction

    Lecture 1. Imaging devices

    Lecture 2. Elements of the theory of 2D signal processing

    Lecture 3. Signal transformations and mathematical models of imaging systems

    Lecture 4. Principles of signal digitization. Signal sampling

    Lecture 5. Image quantization

    Lecture 6. Principles of image coding

    Lecture 7. Digital representation of signal transformations

    Properties of DFT

    Lecture 8. Orthogonal Transforms in Digital Image Processing

    Lecture 9. Statistical Image and Noise Models

    Lecture 10. Principles of Image Restoration

    Lecture 11. Image enhancement

    ]]>
    1617 2010-04-16 21:51:43 2010-04-16 12:51:43 open open image-processing-lecture-notes publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271422305 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING TOPICS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-topics/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 12:57:33 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1619
  • Introduction to Biomedical Engineering

  • Origin of Biopotentials

  • Circuits, Systems & Signals

  • Signals and Filters

  • Hudgkin-HuxleyModel

  • H&H Model (cont.)

  • Biopotential Electrodes

  • Electrocardiography ECG Lab

  • Drug Delivery (Dr. Farrell)

  • Cardiovascular Dynamics

  • Hemodynamics

  • Measuring Blood Pressure

  • Biopotential Amplifiers

  • Blood Flow Meas.

  • Blood Volume Measurement

  • Clinical Systems

  • Pulmonary System I

  • Pulmonary System II

  • Pulmonary Measurements

  • DSP (Full lecture)

  • Pulmonary Lab Electrical Safety

  • Biomedical Imaging

  • Nervous System

  • ]]>
    1619 2010-04-16 21:57:33 2010-04-16 12:57:33 open open biomedical-engineering-topics publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271425067 _edit_last 1
    MRI TRAINING AT IIT BOMBAY IN SUMMER 2010 (HURRY UP 3 DAYS LEFT) http://biomedikal.in/mri-training-at-iit-bombay-in-summer-2010-hurry-up-3-days-left/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 13:48:34 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1622 Overview As the scope and clinical applications of MRI go on increasing, there is an increasing need for a training programme which is dedicated to the understanding of the basic principles on which an MRI works and how best the equipment can be put to use. Though the advancement in hardware and software have made the machines more user friendly, the need to understand the basic principles of MRI remains. Keeping this in mind we have developed this course, which is one of its kind in India.  Here we have tried to bring together speakers from various specialties like radiology, physics and engineering.  We have professors from IIT Bombay to explain the NMR physics and image production in a simple way, application specialists from the imaging industry to teach the tricks of striking a balance between image quality and imaging time, and radiologists to explain the various clinical aspects. Also there will be a workshop / demonstration on protocol planning. This five day course is designed to cater to the requirements of various professionals who handle MRI equipment on a daily basis. Each day of the course is dedicated to a specific topic - protocol planning, NMR physics, quality control, clinical aspects and advanced applications. At the end of the course the participants will gain in-depth technical knowledge of MRI and will be able to use it to its fullest potential What will This course cover?
    • How an MRI machine works?
    • How are images produced?
    • How to plan a study?
    • How to improve the quality of the images?
    • How to cut down on the imaging time for each study?
    • Maintenance issues
    • Basic human anatomy
    • Advanced MRI applications like spectroscopy, fMRI, 3T MRI, cardiac imaging.
    Who should attend the course and why? Technicians: Fresh technicians can learn the basics of MRI and their application. Technicians who are already working on MRI machines can enhance their skills and know more about improving the quality of MRI. They can also upgrade their knowledge about the latest applications like spectroscopy, fMRI and cardiac MRI. Biomedical engineers: You can understand the basics of functioning of the MRI machine and also learn about basic maintenance issues. This will help the engineers who are working in a hospital set up. For others who are willing to take up careers in the imaging industry, this can be a basic primer for their future professional activities. Application specialists: This course offers a complete coverage of the various aspects of MR imaging and it will be a good platform for you to interact with your professional colleagues from other companies and also the end users – technicians and radiologists. MRI Researchers: You can gain a complete understanding of the physics, engineering, instrumentation, applied and clinical aspects of the MRI. Radiologists: This course offers you a never before opportunity to really understand everything you wanted to know about MRI. It will help you in improving the imaging quality as well as saving a lot of imaging time. It is advisable that you attend the course with your technicians so that you can make the most out of this course. Radiology Residents: It will help you in preparing for imaging physics questions of postgraduate examinations. Course Contents
    • MRI Physics
    • MRI instrumentation
    • Parameter Tradeoffs
    • Pulse sequences
    • Optimizing scan - quality and time
    • Planning a study
    • Artifacts
    • Post processing
    • Documentation and Data storage
    • Recent Advances - Functional imaging, diffusion weighted imaging, cardiac imaging, 3T MRI, Spectroscopy.
    • MR contrast
    • MR safety and patient care
    • Clinical studies
    Faculty Prof. Vikram Gadre, IIT Bombay Dr. Deepak Patkar, Radiologist, Mumbai Dr. Abhijit Pawar, Radiologist, Pune Prof. Ajay V. Deshmukh, PhD, IITBombay Mr. Rajeshkumar, Siemens Mr. Ajit Kumar, GE Venue F.C. Kohli Auditorium IIT Bombay, Powai. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDENTS ü      Graduate / Post Graduate / Diploma students of any Engineering and Science stream . ü      Students should submit letter from H.O.D. (Sample format is given below.) Click here for sample format CERTIFICATE On successful completion of the program, IITB certificate of participation will be provided to the participants Registration Fee: Till April 19th For students and technicians  : Rs 3000/_ For Professionals                      : Rs 5000/_ For registrations after April 19th For students and technicians  : Rs 3500/_ For Professionals                      : Rs 6000/_ Certificate from the Head of Department is a must for students. Registration Process: Participants can send the registration form along with a DD in favor of The Registrar, IIT Bombay (CEP A/c), so as to reach on or before 19th April 2010 at the address given below. Prof. Dr. P. S. V. Nataraj, Room 114 A, CRNTS Building, (Old ACRE building), Behind Central Library, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai  400076. ACCOMMODATION Accommodation can be provided (on payment basis)                                              on first come first serve basis, in the students’ hostel on IITB campus. Charge Details For Gents: RS.275/- per day For Ladies: RS.115/- per day. For further queries Ms. Bhavya Sreejith Email: mri_carimo@sc.iitb.ac.in Mobile:  9619118749            9619118749 Ph: 022-2576 4891               022-2576 4891 Fax: 022- 25720057 Important dates Program DATE: MAY 19th - MAY 23rd, 2010 Last date for Registration: APRIL 19th, 2010 Click here to download the Brochure Click here to download the Registration form (.doc) Click here to download the Registration form (.pdf)
    ]]>
    1622 2010-04-16 22:48:34 2010-04-16 13:48:34 open open mri-training-at-iit-bombay-in-summer-2010-hurry-up-3-days-left publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271425784 _edit_last 1
    SUMMER TRAINING AT NBRC GURGAON FOR BIOMEDICAL STUDENTS 2010 http://biomedikal.in/summer-training-at-nbrc-gurgaon-for-biomedical-students-2010/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 13:58:58 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1626 The Summer Training Program is open to candidates who are currently in the penultimate year of their degree program (for example second year of a three year Bachelors or first year of a two year Masters Programme).
    The program is open to students of all branches of Biology / Maths / Physics / Chemistry / Psychology / Engineering / computer science and Medical Sciences or equivalent.
    The programme will be conducted for a period of two months between the months of May- August.
    The exact starting date can be flexible depending on candidates’ convenience but cannot be later than June 15th. Selected candidates will be paid a stipend of Rs. 1000/- per month and will be provided free accommodation. Candidates will have to bear the cost of travel, meals and other expenses.
    General Instructions for Summer Training Programme
    The candidates should apply with their curriculum vitae giving details of education starting from 10th standard. In addition, the candidates should submit a small project proposal of not more than 1000 words that should identify a research problem, and describe how it can be tackled experimentally.
    The research proposal could be in the areas of active research at NBRC (see our website www.nbrc.ac.in) or outside but related to neuroscience. Selection will be based on candidates academic career, level of interest and the project proposal that will be evaluated for originality and feasibility.
    FEES:
    1. Annual Fees(Non-refundable) Rs. 5000/- (Payable in two instalments before 15th July / 15th January every year).
    2. Hostel Deposit Rs. 4000/- (Refundable)
    3. Library Deposit Rs. 1000/- (Refundable)
    ]]>
    1626 2010-04-16 22:58:58 2010-04-16 13:58:58 open open summer-training-at-nbrc-gurgaon-for-biomedical-students-2010 publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271426468 _edit_last 1
    CERTIFICATE COURSE FOR SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE OF HOSPITAL (ICCU) EQUIPMENTS-BIOMEDICAL TRAININGS http://biomedikal.in/certificate-course-for-servicing-and-maintenance-of-hospital-iccu-equipments-biomedical-trainings/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 14:05:22 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1629 PAMTRONS BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS

    A-212, Pratik Ind. Estate, Near Wokhardt Hospital, Mulund Goregaon Link Road,

    Bhandup (W), Mumbai 400 078, Maharashtra, India.

    Email: pamtron@yahoo.com

    WEBSITE: www.pamtrons.com

    Telefax. (022) 25667951 / 52 Mobile: 098201 59016.

    PAMTRON

    CERTIFICATE COURSE FOR SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE OF HOSPITAL (ICCU) EQUIPMENTS

    7 DAYS training programme specially designed for Students of B.E./ B.Tech/ Diploma from Biomedical/ Instrumentation/ Electronics Stream. COURSE CONTENT : Our course includes the on hand training of equipments, study materials (circuit diagrams, Block diagrams, manuals) and Certificate. Training will be provided on the Equipments (running hospital models) from reputed medical companies. Training will be offered by Senior Service Engineers/ faculty from industries Institutes.

    BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING TECHNIQUES :

    Use of test equipment e.g. CRO, DMM & Tools. Soldering Techniques & Practice. Troubleshooting techniques. Installation & Application training.

    REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENTS :

    Usage (application), handling, operation, routine maintenance and repairs of following equipment: 1. MONDAY : ECG BASIC PATIENT CABLES, POWER SUPPLY, ECT. 2. TUESDAY : ECG UNIT (MANUAL , AUTOMATIC, PC BASED UNITS) 3. WEDNESDAY : BEDSIDE MONIOTR , PULSE OXIMETER, OXIMONITOR 4. THURSDAY : NIBP, TEMPRAURE, RESPIRATION MONITOR, NEBULIZER, OXIGEN GENERATOR 5. FRIDAY : DEFIBRILLATOR, STRESS TEST. 6. SATURDAY : X –RAY, INFUSION PUMP 7. SUNDAY : ULTRASONOGRAPHY UNIT, SYRINGE PUMP.

    DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE TRAINING BROCHURE HERE

    training-course

    To view Company profile, ADMISSION PROCEDURE, Fees and further information go to the website.

    WEBSITE: http://www.pamtrons.com

    DOWNLOAD THE COMPANY PROFILE Company Profile
    ]]>
    1629 2010-04-16 23:05:22 2010-04-16 14:05:22 open open certificate-course-for-servicing-and-maintenance-of-hospital-iccu-equipments-biomedical-trainings publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271426806 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE TRAINING AT CDAC MOHALI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-equipment-servicing-and-maintenance-training-at-cdac-mohali/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 14:10:24 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1632
    1. BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES

    2. Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) is an autonomous Scientific society of Department of Electronics, Govt. of India. Apart from leading edge research in Electronics & IT technology, C-DAC endeavors train manpower in Information Technology, Electronics Product Design, Manufacturing and Repair & Maintenance. The institute provides value addition courses to the students of engineering and other professional institutes to meet specific needs of the industry. In addition, the information technology and telecom sectors have opened up suddenly those vistas, which require a very large specially trained manpower. Moreover, these sectors are highly dynamic and need training and re-training of the manpower, at a rapid rate. The growing gap of requirement of the industry and its fulfillment has created a challenging situation before role in meeting this challenge and are making concerted efforts to fill this important gap. C-DAC also develops entrepreneurs and designers in electronics, maintains close links with industries, R & D Centres and academic institutions undertakes product development, contract research and consultancy. C-DAC Centres are imparting training annually to about 350 students through short-term training courses. The C-DAC training programmes are well received by industry as well as individuals who desire to setup their own industries. So far, most of the students trained in these Centres have been suitably employed by industry or have become self-employed.
    3. C-DAC, MOHALI (CHANDIGARH)

    4. C-DAC, Mohali established in May 1989 caters to the training, consultancy, design and product development needs of electronics industry and allied sectors and also promotes potential entrepreneurs through various services and training programmes. The Centre has recently been awarded ISO 9002 Certification. C-DAC Mohali has its own impressive building having a covered area of approximately 4300sq. Mtr. In a 10 acre plot near Semiconductor Complex Ltd. The location of the Centre in the ELTOP (Electronics Town of Punjab) Complex amidst a large number of industries manufacturing electronics product relating to computers, peripherals, communication equipment and components, offers a great professional challenge to the faculty and staff of the Centre. The institute has a student’s hostel with all modern facilities. The Centre, at present, offers courses relating to Product Design and Technology, Microprocessor based System Design, Quality and Reliability aspects of Electronics Equipment, Manufacturing Technologies, Biomedical instrumentation, Communication Systems, Maintenance Engineering, Power Electronics, PCB Technology, Computers in Industry, Transformer Design and Technology, Management of Electronic Industry and Entrepreneurship Development in Electronics etc. Special industry –oriented courses related to computer communications and networking, ASIC design, EMI/EMC, Micro controllers, switched mode power supplies, advance microprocessors, management information systems, computer aided design and data base management are regularly conducted a the Centre. C-DAC, Mohali has the following 11 laboratories having sophisticated state of the art equipment and latest versions of all major software packages: Microprocessor Lab, Computer Lab, Measurement Lab, Prototype Development Lab, PCB Lab, Power Electronics Lab, Digital Communication Lab, Bio-Medical Equipment Lab and R & D Lab. The Centre has so far conducted over 400 courses and has trained more than 5000 students through these courses. The institute has its own hostel and catering facility. Air-conditioned accommodation for the course participants is also available. Beside this, there are a number of hotels in the city, which charge reasonable rates for accommodation.
    5. IMPORTANCE OF REPAIR, SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

    6. Healthcare is increasingly becoming technology oriented. Sophisticated machines are being used in almost all medical settings. This equipment not only requires special operational training but also their maintenance is very costly in monetary as well as opportunity terms. To facilitate maintenance of these equipment the operators are required to be made more conversant with the technology, simple handling and maintenance processes. Trained Biomedical Engineers are required to take care of these systems cost-effectively. Specially trained engineers are required to take up the repair & maintenance of these systems. The course aims at:· Preparing engineers to take up repairs medical equipment. · Preparing medical personnel to maintain & use medical equipment optimally
    7. BENEFITS EXPECTED

    8. Whereas the participants after training will be assets to their countries, C-DAC, Mohali will be contributing in building up professional interaction amongst the countries. The trained participants will be effective in – Savings for the Hospital – Direct savings in equipment repair and maintenance costs Savings in terms of enhanced equipment life Capacity building for their nation Trained manpower for repair and service of various medical equipment is scarce in developing and under developed nations. This training shall contribute immensely towards meeting these manpower needs. Proper utilization and effective management of medical equipment The equipment can be utilized to best in most effective manner if one is fully trained on its technology. This will also help in identification proper equipment requirements and their procurement.

    YEAR & DATE OF Estb. : May 1989

    ACCOMMODATION : Institute Guest House Duration and Work Schedule Duration:Eight weeks No. of participants per course: Maximum 25 weeks Financial Estimates: US $ 200 per participant per week Eligibility Criteria
    1. B.E/Diploma in Electronics/ Electrical/ Instrumentation. Engineers aspiring to take up hospital equipment maintenance jobs.
    2. Hospital staff involved in maintenance & management of medical equipment.
    3. Junior or Middle level officers having the prior basic knowledge of Electronics
    Admission procedure Steps for International students Admissions
    1. Application: Submit the application form along with photocopies of the required documents and one photograph.
    2. Letter of acknowledgement: When your application is received, you will be sent a letter of acknowledgement informing you that your application has been registered. Students will also be intimated if additional information is required
    3. Confirmed admission: A letter of confirmed admission is sent when the course tuition fee is paid. This letter may be used by foreign students to apply for a student visa.
    4. Final information package: Four weeks prior to the commencement of classes, information pertaining to hostels, academic calendar, travel and local hotel will be sent. This letter will also indicate the date of registration at CDAC,Mohali
    5. Registration: Students are advised to reach Mohali 2-3 days prior to the commence of classes for submission of their official documents. They can also move into the allotted hostels.

    Course Content

    BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING TECHNIQUES:-
    1. Basic & Digital Electronics
    2. Use of Test Equipment e.g.CRO, DMM & Tools
    3. Soldering Techniques & Practice
    4. Troubleshooting techniques
    MICROCONTROLLERS (architecture, programming and interfacing):-
    1. Introduction to mcs-51 family of microcontrollers, architecture of 8051, Memory concepts
    2. Timers and Interrupts, serial communication, Interfacing concepts
    REPAIR & MAINTENANCE OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT :- Theory of operation, related physics, physiology, usage (application), handling, operation, routine maintenance and repairs of following equipment:
    1. Anaesthesia Machine – Basic diagnostic equipment (Stethoscope and BP apparatus)
    2. Suction Machine
    3. ECG
    4. EEG
    5. Pulse Oximeter
    6. Cardiac monitor
    7. Defibrillator
    8. Microscope (Optical)
    9. Colorimeter
    10. Spectrophotometer
    11. Semi-Auto Analyzer
    12. Centrifuge & oven
    13. X-Ray & Ultrasound machine
    14. Short-Wave Diathermy
    15. Ultrasonic Diathermy & Ventilator
    16. Baby Incubator
    17. Cardiac Pacemaker
    18. Heart Lung Machine
    MISC.
    1. Maintenance of battery operated Medical equipment
    2. Use of computers in equipment and healthcare Management
    MEDICAL EQUIPMENT MANAGEMENT Preventive maintenance schedules/ Procedures, Equipment specification ( framing/comparison), Equipment inspection & testing, Equipment management system TELEMEDICINE
    1. Introduction to telemedicine technology
    2. Overview of International standards
    3. Demonstration of telemedicine technology
    4. Hands-on practice
    PROJECT WORK AND TRAINING
    1. Library reading assignment and hands on Maintenance work
    2. Visit to local hospitals and their maintenance workshops
    3. Visit to local medical equipment industries.
    INDUSTRIAL VISITS Visits to various hospitals and industries will be arranged to have a hands-on feet and understanding of the bio-medical equipment.

    for indian nationals

    ADMISSION PROCEDURE For admission application may be sent on a plain paper stating course applied for, name, mailing address, educational qualification, practical experience and a demand draft/cash for the applicable fee drawn in favour of “The Director”,C-DAC, Mohali. Fee can be paid in two equal installments for Diploma courses. # Contents of any particular course, if required, can be obtained from Training Counsellor, C-DAC Mohali. # Course Fee once deposited will not be refunded. HOSTEL ACCOMMODATION Request for hostel accommodation should be indicated in the application for admission HOSTEL CHARGES Room Rent: Rs.15/- per day per bed; Air-Conditioned Guest is Rs.250/- per day per bed; Meals: Rs.55/- per day(Approx)
    ]]>
    1632 2010-04-16 23:10:24 2010-04-16 14:10:24 open open biomedical-equipment-servicing-and-maintenance-training-at-cdac-mohali publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271427026 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT SERVICING & MAINTENANCE TRAINING FOR STUDENTS http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-equipment-servicing-maintenance-training-for-students/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 14:14:02 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1634 BRIDGE YOUR KNOWLEDGE GAP BY TRUE BIOMEDICAL EXPERTS AND LEARN THE WAY THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY WANTS YOU TO BE !!

    CURRICULUM OVERVIEW :

    This structured training program would be divided in THREE modules consisting of 30 days intensive training, provided through lectures, MS-Powerpoint presentation on PC, extracts printed as additional course materials from user and service manuals of reputed national & international manufacturers in association with the set of medical equipments presented before the participants at and off-venue.

    MODULE 1

    • General Introduction to Medical Equipments
    • Life-saving medical equipments
    • Ethics and norms followed in maintenance
    • Introduction to Equipment related Safety
    • Safety considerations in vital zones of hospital
    • General considerations in troubleshooting and repair
    • Maintenance with Electronic and mechanical tools
    • Other tools useful in preventive maintenance
    • Special care for Life-saving medical equipments

    MODULE 2

    • E.C.G. machines
    • Single & Multiparameter Monitors
    • Ventilator / Artificial Respirators with different modes
    • Defibrillator (with monitors and optional pacemakers)
    • Treadmill Tester
    • Pulse Oximeters (with and without plethysmographs)
    • Syringe and Volumetric infusion pumps
    • Diathermy (Electrosurgical Generators)
    • O.T. Lighting systems

    MODULE 3

    • Anaesthesia Machines (with anaesthetic ventilators)
    • Pacemakers (Single and Dual chamber)
    • EtCO2 monitoring
    • Medical gas control system
    • EtCO2 monitoring,
    • Nebulisers
    • Ultrasonographs
    • Special sessions on Service topology
    • Asset management techniques

    INTAKE AND FEES :

    • Maximum 15 per batch (Full-time)
    • Training cost includes lunch and tea at venue, excludes transportation.
    • Rs. 6000/- (SIX THOUSAND) only per student to be paid before the admission.
    • Outstation candidates would be guided for staying. Please contact in advance.
    • If you have additional queries, contact us through e-mail or telephone
    CONTACT DETAILS +91 9331021555           +91 9331021555 +91 9836815625               +91 9836815625 indiankite@gmail.com , referbme@gmail.com.
    ]]>
    1634 2010-04-16 23:14:02 2010-04-16 14:14:02 open open biomedical-equipment-servicing-maintenance-training-for-students publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271427981 _edit_last 1
    image019 http://biomedikal.in/?attachment_id=1637 Fri, 16 Apr 2010 15:46:01 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image019.gif 1637 2010-04-17 00:46:01 2010-04-16 15:46:01 open open image019 inherit 1655 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image019.gif _wp_attached_file 2010/04/image019.gif _wp_attachment_metadata a:5:{s:5:"width";s:2:"72";s:6:"height";s:2:"72";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:22:"height='72' width='72'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2010/04/image019.gif";s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} image001 http://biomedikal.in/?attachment_id=1638 Fri, 16 Apr 2010 15:46:02 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image001.gif 1638 2010-04-17 00:46:02 2010-04-16 15:46:02 open open image001 inherit 1655 0 attachment 0 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width='60'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2010/04/image016.gif";s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} image017 http://biomedikal.in/?attachment_id=1653 Fri, 16 Apr 2010 15:46:16 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image017.gif 1653 2010-04-17 00:46:16 2010-04-16 15:46:16 open open image017 inherit 1655 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image017.gif _wp_attached_file 2010/04/image017.gif _wp_attachment_metadata a:5:{s:5:"width";s:2:"48";s:6:"height";s:2:"48";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:22:"height='48' width='48'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2010/04/image017.gif";s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} image018 http://biomedikal.in/?attachment_id=1654 Fri, 16 Apr 2010 15:46:16 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image018.gif 1654 2010-04-17 00:46:16 2010-04-16 15:46:16 open open image018 inherit 1655 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/image018.gif _wp_attached_file 2010/04/image018.gif _wp_attachment_metadata a:5:{s:5:"width";s:2:"72";s:6:"height";s:2:"72";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:22:"height='72' width='72'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2010/04/image018.gif";s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} CONTACT ME http://biomedikal.in/contact-me/ Fri, 16 Apr 2010 19:17:32 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?page_id=1658 ]]> 1658 2010-04-17 04:17:32 2010-04-16 19:17:32 open open contact-me publish 0 5 page 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1271445520 BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS @ MUMBAI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-mumbai/ Sat, 17 Apr 2010 03:48:33 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1660
    Experience:5 - 8 Years
    Location:

    Mumbai, Mumbai Suburbs

    Compensation:Rupees 5,00,000 - 7,00,000
    Education:UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization,Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:Tech. Lead/Project Lead
    Functional Area:Engineering Design, R&D

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Degree holder in Bio medical Engineering with 5-6 years relevant experience. Preference to candidates having prior experience in Maintenance/Operation of equipments in Operation theaters. experience in Hospital is preferred.

    Job Description

    To Carry out routine maintenance of Bio Medical equipments,checking of functional parameters of equipments in operation theaters, liaison with maintenance contractors. ONLY MALE CANDIDATE NEED TO APPLY.
    Keywords: Equipments operation theaters

    Company Profile

    We are a Recruitment, Training & Development consultancy firm, we have an opening for Sr biomedical engineer for one of well known hospital in Mumbai.
    Contact Details
    Company Name:AIS
    Executive Name:Mr. Gopal
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Email Address:gopal@aiservices.co.in
    Telephone:9768886131
    ]]>
    1660 2010-04-17 12:48:33 2010-04-17 03:48:33 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-mumbai publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1271476115
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS @ PATNA,BHOPAL & DELHI NCR http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-patnabhopal-delhi-ncr/ Sat, 17 Apr 2010 03:51:11 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1662
    Experience:5 - 10 Years
    Location:

    Bhopal, Delhi/NCR, Patna

    Education:UG - B.Tech/B.E.,Diploma PG - Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:Construction/ Engineering/Cement/Metals
    Role:Bio/Pharma Informatics-Associate/Scientist
    Functional Area:Engineering Design, R&D

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Experience : 5- 10 years Qualification : BE/ Btech/Diploma Looking for BE/ Btech with minimum 5 years of Experience in Buildings In case of Diploma holders minimum experience has to be 10 years

    Job Description

    Looking for Bio Medical Engineer.
    Keywords: Bio Medical Engineer

    Company Profile

    A multi- disciplinary engineering consultancy organization, seeks qualified and experienced professional at all levels fo various disciplines for AIIMS Bhopal/ Patna / Delhi NCR project and ongoing projects in different parts of India
    Contact Details
    Company Name:Enarch Consultants
    Website:Not Mentioned
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Email Address:enarchjobs@gmail.com
    Telephone:Not Mentioned
    ]]>
    1662 2010-04-17 12:51:11 2010-04-17 03:51:11 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-patnabhopal-delhi-ncr publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271476272 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS @ NIGERIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-nigeria/ Sat, 17 Apr 2010 03:56:25 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1664 Experience:2 - 3 Years Location:

    Nigeria

    Compensation:Compensation details will be discussed in interviews
    Education:UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical PG - Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:Industrial Engnr
    Functional Area:Production, Maintenance, Quality

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Should be BE or equivalent with minimum of 2 to 3yrs experience, Should be able to work ‘Solo’, will report to the Technical Head of the branch.Should be well versed with Computer. Reporting to the Technical Head 2 years contract renewal on performance basis Applicants must possess valid international passports. "All successful applicants will be requested to ask their respective institutions here in India to forward their academic transcripts to the appropriate regulatory agencies in Nigeria to acquire the necessary work permit"

    Job Description

    1. To Undergo 1-2 months training prior to departure for Lagos. The training will be held in India at the manufacturers’ site related to the various equipments being installed in Nigeria. 2. To assist in installation of equipments in Nigeria. 3. To follow the manufacturers’ instruction in maintaining and servicing of equipments to ensure minimum breakdown.
    Keywords: bio - medical, bio, medical, bio medical engineer, engineer, lagos, nigeria.

    Company Profile

    Me Cure is a renowned Healthcare and Pharmaceutical company in Lagos, Nigeria fully owned by Indians. Over 100 expatriates (Indians) are gainfully employed and working in it’s set ups at Lagos. Me Cure Health care has won highly acclaimed and prestigious awards most distinguishing of which are “Best Health Care Company of the Year 2009” by Commerce and Industries dept. of Lagos state government and ”West Africa's Best Diagnostics Services Company for Year 2009".by the Institute of Direct Marketing of Nigeria respectively. MeCure’s “State-of -the -Art” Healthcare Centre in Lagos is well equipped with most modern and automated equipments.
    Contact Details
    Company Name:MeCure Industries
    Website:Not Mentioned
    Executive Name:Saurav Guha
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Email Address:info@mecure.co.in
    Telephone:022-61405151
    ]]>
    1664 2010-04-17 12:56:25 2010-04-17 03:56:25 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-nigeria publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271476841 _edit_last 1 118 rnbcoopclaiminsurance@sonic.net http://www.claiminsurance.org 222.124.213.118 2010-07-03 18:09:33 2010-07-03 09:09:33 1 0 0
    Artificial Tactile Sensing in Biomedical Engineering http://biomedikal.in/artificial-tactile-sensing-in-biomedical-engineering/ Sat, 17 Apr 2010 08:33:40 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1671

    Siamak Najarian, Javad Dargahi, Ali Mehrizi, "Artificial Tactile Sensing in Biomedical Engineering" 2009 | ISBN-10: 0071601511 | 260 Pages | PDF | 3,3 MB

    Filled with high-quality photographs and illustrations, including some in color, this definitive guide details the design and manufacturing of artificial tactile systems and their applications in surgical procedures. Artificial Tactile Sensing in Biomedical Engineering explains the fundamentals of the human sense of touch and the latest techniques for artificially replicating it. The book describes the mechanistic principles of static and dynamic tactile sensors and discusses cutting-edge biomedical applications, including minimally invasive surgery, tumor detection, robotic surgery, and surgical simulations.

    Download via rapidshare

    or

    Download via uploading.com

    ]]>
    1671 2010-04-17 17:33:40 2010-04-17 08:33:40 open open artificial-tactile-sensing-in-biomedical-engineering publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1271493222
    HOW A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER DEVELOPS IN INDIA ? PART 2 http://biomedikal.in/how-a-biomedical-engineer-develops-in-india-part-2/ Sun, 18 Apr 2010 05:08:57 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1675 I wrote a part of it earlier in the blog as written below if you have not read that you can read it from below given link

    HOW A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER DEVELOPS IN INDIA?

    Now the story continues from where I left STEP 3 Now as if a student has entered the second year of biomedical engineering , he/she realizes the fact that " they are on such a island where there are no basic resources like books,notes,guidance etc . They have to do that on their own and it is the most difficult thing for a indian school bred student who has had a habit of cramming the lecture notes given by the student As other branches are already well established so you can have notes, books from your seniors as well as teachers , if not like that you can take them from the students of other colleges But as biomedical is in very few college so arranging previous year papers , notes ,books becomes very difficult. This can be treated as a fact that you are all alone in the island and you have to sail through alone to a place in abroad where you  are valued as a biomedical engineer This unceratinity about future and continuous discouragement by the environment around a biomedical engineer leads to the fact that they start losing interest in what they are ? STEP 4 Now if one has entered this field so he/she needs to complete it , and in that case you cant get any reference books , good articles and journals to study you just are confined to the some text which is availaable in books Also a biomedical engineer needs to be good in electronics as well as biology Thus he needs to know everything for good , This application part kills as most of indian education teaches theoretical application ,practical applications are often ignore due to the dearth of labs LABORATORIES & TRAINING This issue i would like to take up separately in my next article happy reading.................

    ]]>
    1675 2010-04-18 14:08:57 2010-04-18 05:08:57 open open how-a-biomedical-engineer-develops-in-india-part-2 publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271567339 _edit_last 1
    HOW TO GET GOOD TRAINING IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING? 5 STEPS GUIDE http://biomedikal.in/how-to-get-good-training-in-biomedical-engineering-5-steps-guide/ Sun, 18 Apr 2010 05:40:23 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1677 Biomedical engineering training is the most crucial part of his/her life

    This is because of the fact that there are no laboratories in the colleges so the students have to look out through the market,industry for getting the best practical knowledge as an engineer

    This article is not about criticizing it is about what steps to be implemented to get the best out of what you have. STEP1 First of all you should convince yourself that whatever training you are doing is best among your fellow classmates and you would be learning something You should not do the training for time pass as there is lot of time in college for that So your first focus is to develop a positive attitude out of whatever you have got a hospital ,  a industry , or a private firm for the training. STEP2 Training is about WHAT HOW & WHY ? if you are successful in putting up these questions at your guide it means you are doing something , at least you are interested in the subject concerned. now i will tell you HOW THIS WORKS? Wherever you go the person who is teaching you has greater knowledge and experience then you have So you should first of all become a big zero in ego respect & be humble and you must show respect to the person who is teaching you you must be able to grasp and suck what all he knows . I tell you IT works (its my personnal experience) once you have considered him your guru your learning chapter becomes easy STEP3 How to ask those questions > what,how & why? It's not like that you should continuosly ask these three questions you should ask whenever there is a doubt and doubt is always there if you are listening or seriously attending him whenever you ask a question never feel shy about the fact that you dont know instead you should be happy that till date you were not aware of that fact & now you have learned it n you would be now able to tell all your juniors and mates about it Main thing is never hesitate in asking questions No question is stupid in this world all the answers are stupid as they give rise to questions because of their incompleteness

    "SHUN INHIBITION & BE ENTHUSIASTIC"

    This is the moral you should beleive while you learn. There are certain students who tend to ask those things which they already know in order to create a good impression over teacher But this only spoils the time of the class There are also certain students who study to embarras the teacher in the class , so they study beforehand and differently But these tactics are also not good So the thing is simple this question tactics can work in both sense positive as well as negative STEP 4 Never say "YES" till you yourself get the concept. It is generally seen theat there are certain dominant alleles in class as well as training which tend to mask the presence of other They can do it because they have sharp minds , but there are students who dont get the things they dont nod the head in "No" because they feel it is very silly question that is coming into their mind One should realise the fact that if they dont know that thing then that thing is not silly for him /her may be it is silly for others , so the jist is that you need to be selfish while taking training and you should not leave anything like that "anyone else will tell me" STEP 5 One should be well disciplined and punctual in the training as it is the only place where they will get to learn about the engineering itself You must go into your training with a spirit that you need to learn the best at any costs and as you have to be the best among all your fellows There must be passion a proud feeling that

    "WE ARE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS & BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS ARE FOR FOREVER"

    I WOULD BE WRITING FURTHER UP YOUR COMMENTS WOULD BE APPRECIATED

    ]]>
    1677 2010-04-18 14:40:23 2010-04-18 05:40:23 open open how-to-get-good-training-in-biomedical-engineering-5-steps-guide publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271613625 _edit_last 1 56 biomedin@biomedikal.in 122.162.109.226 2010-04-19 03:03:30 2010-04-18 18:03:30 1 54 1 54 shikhanayyar90@yahoo.in 122.161.219.53 2010-04-19 00:43:46 2010-04-18 15:43:46 1 0 0 55 dragwena_255@hotmail.com 200.95.162.194 2010-04-19 02:08:11 2010-04-18 17:08:11 1 0 0 87 dr.nasarbme6@gmail.com 115.248.6.197 2010-05-05 02:06:15 2010-05-04 17:06:15 1 0 0 117 rajking111@gmail.com 61.17.82.235 2010-06-28 18:35:12 2010-06-28 09:35:12 1 0 0
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING NETWORK IN INDIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineering-network-in-india/ Sun, 18 Apr 2010 18:21:03 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1680 biomedical engineers that is the place where you can interact with the fellow biomedical engineers,you can have chat with the fellow biomedical engineers
    • you can discuss your academics,your status of biomedical.
    • ask questions from various experienced person who have joined the industry
    • establish references with the people
    • write your own blogs
    • make groups of your college
    • make a job statement to the company concerned

    for all these facilities you just need to sign up yourself at

    BIOMEDIKAL.NING.COM

    It is the official network of biomedical engineers of the country which will be active throughout As its my word and i never let my words down , This network will work and work the best and gain accolades from people all around
    ]]>
    1680 2010-04-19 03:21:03 2010-04-18 18:21:03 open open biomedical-engineering-network-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271614866 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS GETTING IN CAMPUS PLACEMNETS IN CORE COMPANIES-TIMES ARE CHANGING http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineers-getting-in-campus-placemnets-in-core-companies-times-are-changing/ Mon, 19 Apr 2010 17:33:36 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1682 1682 2010-04-20 02:33:36 2010-04-19 17:33:36 open open biomedical-engineers-getting-in-campus-placemnets-in-core-companies-times-are-changing publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271698417 _edit_last 1 PAPER PRESENTATIONS & SEMINARS GIVE NOTHING EXCEPT CERTIFICATES (comments are invited) http://biomedikal.in/paper-presentations-seminars-give-nothing-except-certificates-comments-are-invited/ Tue, 20 Apr 2010 12:03:46 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1685
  • he will switch on his pc open google.com
  • search for "paper presentation topics in lets suppose biomechanics
  • google will popup many results now student will select the topic
  • if he/she is not able to get the topic then he will post the topic in some forum or ask any person concerned online
  • now the student gets the topic now he will type in google itself the various papers related to that topic
  • now he will read one of them and write it in his own language
  • paper is ready for presentation
  • Now readers tell me what these paper presentation are making us learn just to type in google see what others have done copy paste in own language and present. I think this is not the way. Sometimes I feel like laughing (i should not laugh sorry if it is offensive). I will tell you why i feel like laughing this because the teachers or lecturers and professors who are listening him never ask about the source and what the topic has? This is because of the fact that they themselves are not fully aware about the topic this helps the student in be-fooling them. This just only improves the searching skill of student . The odd most the topic is the most it is appreciated. It can be taken other ways also if the topic is too much known to the listeners then their will be lot of cross questioning & that will help the presenter if he/she successfully faces them and gives satisfactory answers. But at last question is same what is the gain? and the answer is nothing Paper presentations were earlier done after years of research & implementations but now days every technical fest hosts the paper presentation competition tell me from where does this much research is started at student level No one does the research all just do " research the google" This is what causing poor research interest in india . All the technical paper presentations are driven by the certificates and prizes being offered and people are judged on oddness & debate this will summarise my whole post. One thing more I would like to share about is SEMINARS. All of us attend technical seminars/symposiums what we get out of there is certificates we never take knowledge out of there. I have seen that in the seminars only certain students are attentive others are just enjoying the cool air of AC . This is because of the fact that seminars are not interactive they are just for name sake discussions and comments on this topic will be highly appreciated]]>
    1685 2010-04-20 21:03:46 2010-04-20 12:03:46 open open paper-presentations-seminars-give-nothing-except-certificates-comments-are-invited publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271823425 _edit_last 1 60 lakshmi.nambi@gmail.com 117.193.32.57 2010-04-21 08:45:19 2010-04-20 23:45:19 1 0 0 58 nidhi.080808@gmail.com 122.168.37.73 2010-04-21 00:17:31 2010-04-20 15:17:31 1 0 0
    HEALTHCARE 2050-A scientific symposium held at Indian Institute of Technology, Madras http://biomedikal.in/healthcare-2050-a-scientific-symposium-held-at-indian-institute-of-technology-madras/ Tue, 20 Apr 2010 14:41:13 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1688 Healthcare Outlook 2050

    A scientific symposium held at

    Indian Institute of Technology, Madras In association with

    LAILA PHARMACEUTICALS PVT. LTD. On

    3RD May 2010 (Monday)

    ABOUT

    The most valuable asset we have in life is health. Hence  healthcare, caring and managing health, is one of the most important features of our modern life.

    India ranks as the second most populous country in the world constituting  over 17% of the entire world's population with an annual increase of over 2%. With  this this  ever increasing  numbers, healthcare  in India  is a quintessential point of concern and focus & demands more attention .

    FOR MORE DETAILS ABOUT CONFERENCE CLICK HERE

    FOR THE PURPOSE OF REGISTRATION CLICK HERE

    ]]>
    1688 2010-04-20 23:41:13 2010-04-20 14:41:13 open open healthcare-2050-a-scientific-symposium-held-at-indian-institute-of-technology-madras publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271774543 _edit_last 1
    WHY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING IS DISCRIMINATED EVERYWHERE EVEN IN MTECH ADMISSIONS?- A MUST READ FOR FUTURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS (your comments are appreciated) http://biomedikal.in/why-biomedical-engineering-is-discriminated-everywhere-even-in-mtech-admissions-a-must-read-for-future-biomedical-engineers-your-comments-are-appreciated/ Tue, 20 Apr 2010 15:17:55 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1691 THIS IS THE QUESTION I WOULD LIKE TO ASK EVERY MANAGEMENT OF THE ENGINEERING COLLEGES IN INDIA

    THEY OPEN UP THE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING BRANCH WITH KEEN INTEREST BUT THEY NEVER FOLLOW UP BY PROVIDING GOOD LABS TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS

    THERE ARE NO BOOKS IN LIBRARY IF THERE ARE BOOKS THEN THERE NUMBER IS QUITE LESS . THE STUDENTS WHO ARE QUICK-WIT TAKE UP ALL THE BOOKS N OTHER SEE THERE FACES ,THIS SHOULDN'T BE THERE AS ALL PAY EQUAL FEES STILL THERE ARE NO BIOMEDICAL BOOKS IN LIBRARY

    THE THING MUCH MORE INTERESTING THEN THAT IS THEY TELL STUDENTS THAT THEY WILL BE SOON UPDATING THE LIBRARY THEY CHARGE EQUAL FEES BUT STILL ALL RESOURCES FOR BIOMEDICAL BRANCH ARE DEGRADED AS COMPARED TO OTHER CORE BRANCHES LIKE ECE MECHANICAL

    I DONT WHY IT HAPPENS BUT IT HAPPENS.

    ITS NOT THAT BIOMEDICAL STUDENTS ARENT GOOD BUT THEY NEVER HAVE A EQUAL SHARE OF VOTE IN THE FACILITIES OFFERED BY COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION

    I CAN BET ON THE FACT THAT BIOMEDICAL BRANCH HAS MORE SCOPE OF DEVELOPMENT AND PEOPLE WILL GAIN INTEREST ONLY IF IT IS PROMOTED

    MOST OF ECE STUDENTS MAKE BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS AS THERE FINAL YEAR AS THEY HAVE NO OTHER TOPICS TO EXPLORE STILL THERE ARE LABS EXCLUSIVELY FOR ECE DEPARTMENTS BUT NOT FOR BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENTS IN COLLGEE

    COLLEGE ALSO NOT HEARS TO THE DEMANDS ALSO

    PLACEMENT COMPANIES FOR BIOMEDICAL ARE NOT CALLED

    NOW LAST BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT POINT.

    WHY BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS ARE RESTRICTED FROM ENTERING OTHER BRANCHES IN MTECH AFTER BTECH?

    THIS IS THE MAIN QUESTION

    AS IF WE KNOW THAT ALL BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS SEEK ADMISSION INTO MTECH IF THEY DONT GET PLACEMENTS FROM THERE BASE COLLEGE OF GRADUATION EITHER THEY HAVE TO GIVE GATE FOR MTECH IN INDIA OR DO MS FROM OUTSIDE

    THE PROBLEM WE FACE IS IN INDIA

    NOW AS THERE IS NO SEPARATE PAPER FOR GATE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS SO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS GIVE THEIR GATE EXAM IN INSTRUMENTATION OR ECE OR LIFE- SCIENCES

    SO AFTER WRITING THE EXAM IN THE FOLLOWING BRANCHES A BIOMEDICAL STUDENT AS IF WANTS TO SHIFT HIS BRANCH AND GET INTO INSTRUMENTATION RELATED SUBJECTS POST GRADUATION THEN HE/SHE IS NOT ALLOWED BECAUSE THE BASE DEGREE WAS B.E BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

    BUT STUDENTS FROM ALL THE BRANCHES LIKE ECE,IN,CSE,IT,MECH,CIVIL I MEAN ALL BRANCHES ARE ELIGIBLE TO APPLY IN MTECH BIOMEDICAL WITH THEIR GATE SCORE

    THIS THING REDUCES THE SEATS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS AS THEY ARE NOT ALLOWED TO APPLY FOR OTHER BRANCHES EVEN AFTER GIVING GATE IN OTHER BRANCH ,

    SO IF A BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER WANTS A ADMISSION THROUGH GATE THEN HIS/HER RANK SHOULD BE UNDER 1000 FOR GENERAL CATEGORY BUT AS IF A ECE STUDENT OR IN STUDENT WANTS TO TAKE ADMISSION THEN THIS RANK GOES BACK TO 3000 THIS IS BECAUSE OF THE FACT THAT STUDENTS FROM OTHER BRANCHES WANT TO JOIN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING AS ITS A SPECIALISATION WHICH HAS THE MOST VAST SCOPES.

    AND ALSO IF A STUDENT IS GETTING IIT HE WONT LEAVE ANY BRANCH THIS FACT IS VISIBLE TO EVERY STUDENT

    SO THIS DIRECTLY AFFECTS THE STUDENT

    IIT'S HAVE MADE THIS CRITERIA BUT THE THING IS THAT THIS CRITERIA WAS GOOD TILL OLD TIMES WHEN THERE WERE NOT MUCH BTECH BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING COURSES IN INDIA AND THERE WERENT ENOUGH STUDENTS IN B.E BIOMEDICAL WHO CAN FILL UP THE SEATS IN MTECH BIOMEDICAL

    SO BECAUSE OF THIS THING THEY MIGHT HAVE OPENED THIS FOR ALL THE BRANCHES BUT NOW AS IN BIOMEDICAL GRADUATION IS GROWING STUDENTS RARELY FIND THROUGH IIT EVEN AFTER GETTING GOOD RANKS

    ALSO ONE MORE FACT IS THAT EVEN IF A STUDENT DOES B.E BIOMEDICAL THEN HE IS NOT ELIGIBLE TO APPLY IN PUBLIC SECTOR UNITS EVEN IF THEIR REQUIREMENT IS BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER ,THEY ALWAYS PICK ECE N INSTRU ENGINEERS

    I WANT TO CONVEY THIS MESSAGE TO ALL THE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS IN THE COUNTRY AND IT MUST BE A WAKE UP CALL FOR ALL OUR ESTEEMED EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS .

    PLEASE REPLY ALL YOUR COMMENTS WILL BE HIGHLY APPRECIATED

    I WANT TO KNOW WHAT YOU THINK ABOUT THIS

    ]]>
    1691 2010-04-21 00:17:55 2010-04-20 15:17:55 open open why-biomedical-engineering-is-discriminated-everywhere-even-in-mtech-admissions-a-must-read-for-future-biomedical-engineers-your-comments-are-appreciated publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271823404 _edit_last 1 59 ruta.giovanni@gmail.com http://hosiris.wordpress.com 95.247.96.79 2010-04-21 00:32:25 2010-04-20 15:32:25 1 0 0 83 biomedical89@gmail.com 59.92.19.7 2010-05-03 23:38:00 2010-05-03 14:38:00 1 0 0
    BIOMEDICAL SALES JOB AT KOCHI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-sales-job-at-kochi/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 12:33:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1696 Job Description: Minimum 5+ years of sales experience in Analytical /Biotechnology /Medical Instruments/Lab instruments / Industrial product Marketing , Can able to handle team of engineers, Achieving targets set by the company. Desired Candidate Profile Minimum 5+ years of sales experience in Analytical /Biotechnology /Medical Instruments/Lab instruments Marketing, Business Development and Customer Relationship Management, Can able to handle team of engineers, Achieving targets set by the company. Experience Required: 5 - 10 Years Education Required: UG - B.Pharma - Pharmacy,B.Sc - Bio-Chemistry, Biology, Botany, Chemistry, Electronics, Microbiology,B.Tech/B.E. - Bio-Chemistry/Bio-Technology, Biomedical, Electronics/Telecomunication, Instrumentation, Mechanical,Diploma - Electronics/Telecomunication,Other Graduate PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization Company Elico Ltd. Company Profile ELICO is a renowned manufacturer of a wide range of Analytical instruments. Contact Person Name Smita EMAIL hrd@elicoltd.com
    ]]>
    1696 2010-04-21 21:33:00 2010-04-21 12:33:00 open open biomedical-sales-job-at-kochi publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271853182 _edit_last 1
    PCB TEST ENGINEER JOBS AT ELICO LTD KOCHI http://biomedikal.in/pcb-test-engineer-jobs-at-elico-ltd-kochi/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 12:36:25 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1698 PCB Test engineer Qualification :  Diploma  / Btech  - Electronics Experience    :  2 - 4 yrs FOR APPLYING FOR THIS JOB http://www.elicoltd.com/jobopenings.htm]]> 1698 2010-04-21 21:36:25 2010-04-21 12:36:25 open open pcb-test-engineer-jobs-at-elico-ltd-kochi publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271853532 _edit_last 1 BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS SERVICING JOBS AT DELHI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-equipments-servicing-jobs-at-delhi/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 12:43:59 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1701 Boss & Peers Consultant Location: Delhi Company Profile Boss & peers consultant Job Description Key Skills: Biomedical Engineer - Medical equipments , biomedical hospital maintenance bio - medical medical instrumentation electonics diploma BE diploma/BE - Biomedical with 2-7 years experience in maintenance and servicing of medical equipments.Job DescriptionHandling preventive maintenance, troubleshooting, servicing of biomedical equiptments in hospital. Contact Details Name Ms Neha ADDRESS OF BOSS & PEER CONSULTANTS 54, Mohan Singh Place, Park Lane, Connaught Place New Delhi 110001
    ]]>
    1701 2010-04-21 21:43:59 2010-04-21 12:43:59 open open biomedical-equipments-servicing-jobs-at-delhi publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271853986 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOBS AT SILLIGURI,WEST BENGAL http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-silliguriwest-bengal/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 12:53:33 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1704 Experience:0 - 2 Years
    Location:

    Siliguri

    Compensation:Attractive. Commensurate with Qualifications & Experience.
    Education:UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Biomedical PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization
    Industry Type:Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:Admin Services/Medical Facilities
    Functional Area:Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Posted Date:19 Apr

    Desired Candidate Profile

    1. Maintaining all the instruments & AMC's 2. Troubleshooting. 3. Identify regular problems. 4. Implementation of regular work. 5. Presenting a good quality work.

    Job Description

    1. Maintaining all the instruments & AMC's. 2. Troubleshooting. 3. Identify regular problems. 4. Implementation of regular work. 5. Presenting a good quality work.
    Keywords: Biomedical ,B -tech Biomedical engineer

    Company Profile

    log on to www.mnbc.in
    Contact Details
    Company Name:Medica North Bengal Clinic Pvt. Ltd.
    Executive Name:Keerti Saha
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Email Address:keerti.saha@mnbc.in
    Reference ID:Bio -Med-27.01.2010
    ]]>
    1704 2010-04-21 21:53:33 2010-04-21 12:53:33 open open biomedical-engineer-jobs-at-silliguriwest-bengal publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271854553 _edit_last 1
    MEDICAL DEVICE TRAINING JOBS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS http://biomedikal.in/medical-device-training-jobs-for-biomedical-engineers/ Wed, 21 Apr 2010 12:57:37 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1707 Experience:1 - 3 Years
    Location:

    Delhi/NCR

    Compensation:Rupees 3,00,000 - 6,00,000
    Education:UG - B.Pharma - Pharmacy,B.Sc - Any Specialization,B.Tech/B.E. - Any Specialization PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization,Post Graduation Not Required
    Industry Type:Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:Lab Technician/Medical Technician/Lab Staff
    Functional Area:Healthcare, Medical, R&D
    Posted Date:21 Apr

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Person would be responsible for North and East India, so would involve traveling. * Should be Eng/Science grad . with exp. not exceeding 3 years. * Prior exp. in Service and support of Medical Devices mandatory. * EXCELLENT command over English.

    Job Description

    • Application training to surgeons, nursing staff and OT technicians. • Product training to channel partners and sales force. • Product demo at customer site. • Tech. support to field force. • Loaner and Demo inventory management.
    Keywords: medical, divices, diagnostics, equipment, sale, training

    Company Profile

    Mangla Manpower Consultants is an Executive Search firm, catering to clients in various industries and domains. Our Client is a Fortune 250, Medical Devices Company.
    Contact Details
    Company Name:Client of Mangla Manpower Consultants, A Fortune 250 MNC
    Website:Not Mentioned
    Executive Name:Mr. Shashank Aggarwal
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Telephone:Not Mentioned
    Reference ID:TSE
    ]]>
    1707 2010-04-21 21:57:37 2010-04-21 12:57:37 open open medical-device-training-jobs-for-biomedical-engineers publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271854851 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-human-anatomy-physiology/ Thu, 22 Apr 2010 12:42:58 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1712 Presentation of course, cell physiology

    Nerve cell and the central nervous system structure and function

    Somatosensor senses,

    Spinal cord and peripheral nervous system

    Visual, gustatory, olfactory sensory

    Hearing, sense of balance and movement control

    Bone and muscle

    Sleep

    Higher brain functions, consciousness, unconsciousness

    Clinical neurophysiologic measurements

    Cardiac electrical properties

    Mechanical properties of the heart, heart studies

    Circulatory system and its regulation

    Capillary and lymphatic circulation

    Respiratory physiology

    Digestive activity of the body A structure

    Digestive activity of the body B: Anatomy

    Renal function

    The body's defense mechanisms, blood clotting

    Thermoregulation

    The body's hormonal regulation

    ]]>
    1712 2010-04-22 21:42:58 2010-04-22 12:42:58 open open lecture-notes-on-human-anatomy-physiology publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271941437 _edit_last 1
    BEST LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING http://biomedikal.in/best-lecture-notes-on-biomedical-signal-processing/ Thu, 22 Apr 2010 13:41:15 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1715

    Introduction to biomedical signals and their processing

    Recapitulation of essential techniques

    Frequency domain analysis

    Signal modeling

    Analysis of non-stationary signals

    Removal of artifacts and interference

    Event detection

    Artificial neural networks

    Wavelet techniques

    Nonlinear dynamics and measures of complexity

    Preprocessing and feature extraction

    Evaluation and assessment of methods

    Case: Measuring depth of anesthesia

    ]]>
    1715 2010-04-22 22:41:15 2010-04-22 13:41:15 open open best-lecture-notes-on-biomedical-signal-processing publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271945845 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON MEDICAL ELECTRONICS http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-medical-electronics/ Thu, 22 Apr 2010 14:24:01 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1718 1. Introduction to Medical Electronics

    2. Coupling mechanisms of external noise

    • Lecture notes 2a

      • coupling through fields

      • coupling conductively

      • other mechanisms

    • Lecture notes 2b

      • example: noise factors in the recording of the ECG

    • references:

      • P.J. Fish: Electronic Noise and Low Noise design: Chapter 3. Noise Connected with Layout or Construction

      • Webster: Medical Instrumentaion. Chapter 6. Biopotential amplifiers

    3. Biopotential electrodes

    • Lecture notes 3

      • electrochemical basis of electrodes

      • equivalent circuit

      • electrode-skin interface

      • electrode noise

    4. Cabling and grounding

    • Lecture notes 4a

      • effect of shielded cables on capacitive coupling

      • effect of shielded cables on inductive coupling

    • Lecture notes 4b

      • grounding principles

      • ground loops

    5. Intrinsic noise sources

    6. Active device noise

    7. Amplifiers, opamps, parameters

    8. Amplifier noise, special issues related to the biopotential amplifier, isolation

    9. Patient safety

    10. Bioimpedance

    11. Holter recording, Pacemakers

    12. Sleep recording technologies - Lecturer: Atte Joutsen

    • Lecture notes

      -sleep recordings in Tampere University Hospital

      -sensors, recorders, software

    ]]>
    1718 2010-04-22 23:24:01 2010-04-22 14:24:01 open open lecture-notes-on-medical-electronics publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1271946243 _edit_last 1
    Cells: Structure & Function http://biomedikal.in/cells-structure-function/ Fri, 23 Apr 2010 06:54:21 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1720 All Living Organisms are Made Up of Units Called Cells
    • Cell theory:
      • All living creatures are made from 1 or more cells
      • All cells are produced from previously existing cells (no spontaneous generation)
    • All cells appear to be descended from the first cell which existed about 4 billion years ago
    • For a species to exist its reproductive cells must be potentially immortal (no aging)
    • Our bodies start from a single cell and contain about 100,000,000,000,000 (10^13) cells at maturity
    There Are 2 Basic Types of Cells: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
    • Prokaryotic cells are more primitive, small and without organelles
      • Bacteria, blue-green algae
    • Eukaryotic cells are more advanced, larger, contain organelles
      • All higher species: animals, plants, fungi, protozoa
    • Our cells are of the eukaryotic type
    Small Prokaryotic Cells are Simple but Fast
    • Size: mycoplasmas : 0.1-1 micron dia.; other bacteria 1-10 micron dia.
      • A few much larger exceptions are known
    • High surface to volume (S/V) ratio
      • S/V ratio controls metabolic rate
      • Volume is proportional to cell radius cubed
      • Surface is proportional to cell radius squared
    • Small cells such as bacteria divide fast (~ 20 min)
    • Have no nucleus: DNA less protected, mutates faster
    • One compartment- like a chem lab with a single beaker (all reactions taking place within a single compartment)
    • Our bodies are not made of prokaryotic cells, but there are approximately 2.5 lbs (~1.3 kg) of bacteria living within our guts
      • Because these cells are small in size they actually outnumber our body cells by a factor of 10 to 1
      • Intestinal bacteria are believed to be beneficial- produce vitamins, stimulate the immune system
    Large Eukaryotic Cells are Slow but Versatile
    • Size: typically 10-100 micron dia.; volumes typically 1000 to 1 million times larger than prokaryotes
    • Low S/V ratio
    • Cell division very slow (~ 20 hours)
    • Have nucleus: DNA better protected, slow mutation rate
    • Organelles allow many activities to take place within the same cell- like a chem lab with many beakers
    • Visualizing & isolating organelles:
      • Light microscope gives magnification of about 1000-1500 X
        • Cannot see structures smaller than about 0.1 microns in diameter
        • Stains used to make structures stand out
      • Electron microscope allows magnification of around 400,000 X- excellent for seeing small organelles
      • Organelles can be isolated for study by centrifuge techniques
    Some of the Organelles Found in Eukaryotic Cells Come From Endosymbiosis
    • Cells often ingest other cells and digest them for food
    • Sometimes the ingested cell is not digested, but the 2 cells learn to live together for mutual benefit (endosymbiosis)
    • Mitochondria and plant chloroplasts are believed to have originated in this way
      • These organelles have their own DNA and double membranes (2 bilayers)
    The Cell Organelles are Found within the Cytosol
    • Cytosol is the liquid matrix of the cell- mostly water (cytosol + organelles except nucleus = cytoplasm)
    • Contains salts, dissolved molecules, enzymes, etc.
    • Glycolysis (energy metabolism: anaerobic) takes place in cytoplasm
    The Cell Membrane Separates the Cytoplasm From the External World
    • Cell membrane is made of phospholipid & protein
    • Barrier to movement of things in and out of the cell- hydrophobic molecules pass through it more readily than hydrophilic ones
    • Specialized transport mechanisms: selectively move materials across the membrane
    • Supported on inside by protein filaments (cytoskeleton)
    The Cytoskeleton Determines the Shape of the Cell
    • Tubules are imbedded in the cytosol
    • Form a meshwork of fibers that:
      • Give the cell shape
      • Are used to transport structures within the cell (i.e., chromosomes in mitosis)
      • Are involved in movement of the whole cell
    • Three basic types of fibers:
      • Microtubules (made of tubulin, 25 nm dia)
      • Intermediate filaments (made of several proteins, 8-12 nm dia)
      • Microfilaments (made of actin, 7 nm dia)
    The Nucleus Contains the Molecule of Heredity: DNA
    • Contains the DNA (genetic information)- DNA does not leave nucleus- it is an archival copy of the genes
    • DNA is organized into chromosomes
    • Genes are encoded in the DNA; many genes on each chromosome
    • DNA associated with protein- protein turns genes on and off
    • Many repair mechanisms for DNA
    • Nucleus may contain 1 or more nucleoli (for making ribosomes)
    • RNA copy of gene is made in nucleus (transcription): messenger RNA
    • Nucleus is surrounded by 2 membranes (the nuclear envelope) with special pores that let RNA out
    • Most cells contain 1 nucleus, but a few have more
      • Some liver cells have multiple nuclei (polyploidy)
      • Muscle cells are very long and have hundreds of nuclei
      • Mature red blood cell has lost its nucleus
    The Centrioles Organize the Mitotic Spindle for Cell Division
    • Centrioles are a pair of small structures found in the centrosome near the nucleus
    • Structure is similar to that of cilia (see below): contain a set of 9 triplet tubules
    • In animal cells they divide before cell division and help to organize the mitotic spindle (made of tubulin)
    • Related to the basal bodies that are involved in organizing flagella
    The Mitochondria are the Powerhouses of the Cell
    • Sites of cell respiration (Krebs cycle & electron transport)
      • Require oxygen
      • Produce 36 ATPs/glucose molecule- major source of cell energy
    • Covered by 2 bilayer membranes
    • Probably produced from bacteria by endosymbiosis
    • Typical cells have about 1000 mitochondria, but active cells like muscles will have more.
    • Have small amounts of DNA (left over from when they were independent microorganisms?)
    • All your mitochondria come from your mother (very few in sperm)
    • The diagram shows the internal structure of a mitochondrion
      • Krebs cycle is located in the internal matrix (blue)
      • NADH and FADH2 (produced by glycolysis and the Krebs cycle) deliver their hydrogens and electrons to the electron transport chain (ETC)
      • The ETC pumps hydrogen ions into the intramembrane space (yellow); this sets up a pH gradient- pH 8 in the matrix and pH 7 in the intramembrane space
      • Hydrogen ions flow through a channel in the enzyme ATP synthase from the intramembrane space to the matrix (see arrows)
        • This causes a shaft to rotate, and
        • Generates ATP in the matrix
    Proteins are Made on the Ribosomes
    • Ribosomes are made in nucleolus, then leave nucleus and enter cytoplasm
    • Made of RNA and protein
    • Each has 2 subunits
    • Decode the genetic code and make protein (translation)
    • Some are free, but others attach to the endoplasmic reticulum, producing the rough endoplasmic reticulum, RER
    • Proteins that are secreted by the cell or which go to other organelles are made on the rough ER
      • RER
    • RER is prominent in cells that are secreting hormones and enzymes: i.e., pancreas cells
    The Smooth ER Makes Lipids and Detoxifies Drugs
    • Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, SER, is made up of lipid membranes, has no ribosomes
    • Smooth ER can be seen best in cells that make lipid hormones (ovary, testes, adrenal cortex) and in cells that detoxify drugs (liver)
    Proteins are Finished off and Routed in the Golgi Apparatus
    • Golgi apparatus is a set of stacked membranes compartments found near the nucleus
      • Compartments have different functions
    • Golgi finishes proteins: adds sugar molecules to side groups, protects proteins from breakdown
    • Packages proteins into vesicles for secretion or internal use
    • Sorts proteins & routes them to the right destination: some go to mitochondria, others to lysosomes , some to cell membranes, etc.
    • Golgi is found in all cells but is especially well developed in cells that secrete materials:
      • Plasma cells: secrete antibodies
    • Pancreatic acinar cells: secrete digestive enzymes
    Lysosomes Digest Materials within the Cell
    • Small vesicles surrounded by membranes
    • Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down proteins, lipids, etc
    • Break down defective cell parts so they can be recycled
    • Also digest food brought into cell by phagocytosis
    • Involved in apoptosis (programmed cell death)
    • Require an acid pH inside (~4.5)
    Peroxisomes Deal with Reactive Oxygen Molecules Such as Peroxides
    • Contain the enzyme, catalase, which converts hydrogen peroxide to O2 and water
    • Another enzyme, urate oxidase, sometimes forms crystals within the peroxisome
    • Important in fat metabolism
    Cilia and Flagella Allow Cells to Move
    • Eukaryotic cilia & flagella are whiplike projections from the cell
      • Have same internal structure: 9 pairs of tubules arranged in circle, surrounding a central pair of tubules (called the 9 + 2 structure)
      • Beat repetitively (a bending motion) and cause cell to move (or move fluids along a surface of cells)
      • Bending caused by a contractile protein, dynein
      • Enclosed within the cell membrane
      • Made of at least 200 different proteins
      • Some biologists call them undulipodia
      • Differences between cilia & flagella:
        • Flagella much longer (50-200 microns length) than cilia: cells with flagella usually have only 1 or 2
        • Cilia are short(5-10 microns length); ciliated cells usually have hundreds
      • Flagella in the body: sperm
      • Cilia in the body:
        • Respiratory tract lining: move mucus
        • Fallopian tube lining: move egg cells
      • Spinal canal lining: help move cerebrospinal fluid
    Microvilli Increase the Surface Area of Cells
    • Projections of cell surface: form the brush borders of cells
    • Sometimes confused with cilia, but much smaller (1 micron length) and with a different structure
    • Projections are supported by cytoskeletal filaments- mostly the protein actin
    • Used to increase the surface are for faster absorption or secretion of materials
      • Absorptive cells with microvilli: intestinal epithelium
      • Secretory cells with microvilli: choroid plexus cells of brain- secrete cerebrospinal fluid
    • Specialized microvilli, called stereocilia (misnamed), are found on the surface of the hair cells of the inner ear
      • The stereocilia respond to sound vibrations and are involved in hearing
    Defective Cell Organelles are Responsible for Some Diseases
    • Examples:
      • a) Lysosomal storage diseases such as Tay-Sachs: lipids accumulate in lysosomes because they cannot be broken down
      • b) Cilia paralyzed by tobacco smoke and other pollutants cannot move mucus. Mucus accumulates in the lungs, impairing respiration
      • c) Lacticacidosis- can be produced by abnormal mitochondria with defective aerobic metabolism. In this situation lactic acid can accumulate in the blood.
    There Are About 250 Types of Specialized Cells in the Body
    • Cells specialize by turning genes on and off and by structural modifications
    • Examples of specialized cells:
      • Red blood cells:
        • Specialized for carrying O2 to the tissues
        • Loaded with hemoglobin- O2 carrying protein
        • Have lost their nuclei and mitochondria
      • Nerve cells
        • Specialized for transmitting electrical impulses
        • Have long axons- may be a meter or more in length
        • Have specialized Na and K channels for generating electricity
        • Only a single nucleus in the cell body- requires a special axonal transport mechanism to deliver proteins made in the cell body to the ends of the cell
      • Muscle cells
        • Specialized for producing force by contraction
        • Have special contractile proteins- actin & myosin, arranged in a sarcomere
        • Very long cells: often attached to 2 bones
        • Formed by fusion of many smaller cells; contain many nuclei
      • Insulin-secreting cells (beta cells of pancreas)
        • Gene for making the insulin hormone is turned on
        • Contain large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum- needed for secretion
    Cell Diagram: This picture is modified from one published by Peter Cull, editor, in the copyright-free collection, The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration. Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989. ?
    ]]>
    1720 2010-04-23 15:54:21 2010-04-23 06:54:21 open open cells-structure-function publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272005663 _edit_last 1
    CELL DIVISON http://biomedikal.in/cell-divison/ Fri, 23 Apr 2010 06:57:48 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1722 Reasons for Cell Division
    • Cell division is required for:
      • a) growth
      • b) repair & replacement of damaged parts
      • c) reproduction of the species
    In Cell Division Copies of the DNA Must Be Sent to Both New Cells
    • Since the instructions for making cell parts are encoded in the DNA, each new cell must get a complete set of the DNA molecules
    • This requires that the DNA be copied (replicated, duplicated) before cell division
    Genetic Blueprints for Cells Are Organized Into Chromosomes
    • The plans for making cells are coded in DNA
    • DNA is organized into giant molecules called chromosomes
      • Each chromosome is a single DNA molecule containing many genes
      • Each gene gives the directions for making 1 protein
      • In humans each chromosome has approximately 2000 genes
    • Chromosomes have distinct parts
      • Centromeres:
        • Hold duplicated chromosomes together before they are separated in mitosis
        • Kinetochore proteins bind to centromere and attach chromosome to spindle in mitosis
      • Telomeres: ends of chromosomes: important in cell aging
    • DNA in chromosomes is associated with proteins
      • Proteins strengthen DNA fiber
      • Package chromosomes when they condense
      • Control activity of genes
    • Humans body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 total)
      • Diploid = pair of each chromosome = 46 total
      • The members of a chromosome pair are called homologues
      • One of each pair came from mother, the other from father
    • Human reproductive cells (sperms & eggs) have 23 single chromosomes
      • Haploid = single copy of each chromosome = 23 total
    • One of each pair came from the father and the other came from the mother
    Genetic Instructions are Organized Into Genes
    • A section of DNA which codes for a protein is called a gene
      • "One gene, one enzyme"
    • We have approximately 50,000 genes (approx. 2000 per chromosome)
    • Most of DNA in chromosome (~95%) is "junk" DNA- function not known
    Before a Cell Can Divide it Must Duplicate its Chromosomes
    • To make a new cell the old cell must duplicate all its parts
    • Duplication takes place in interphase
      • DNA (chromosomes) duplicated in the S subphase
        • Entire chromosome is duplicated at the same time
        • The duplicated chromosome remains attached to the original chromosome by its centromere
        • The original chromosome and its duplicated partner are called sister chromatids
    • In duplication the DNA strands separate ("unzip")
      • DNA is a double helix (spiral) with the 2 strands held together by hydrogen bonds
      • In replication the 2 strands come apart and each acts as a template (pattern) to form a new strand
      • The coming apart ("unzipping") is made possible because the strands are held together by hydrogen bonds
    Chromosomes Must Be Tightly Packaged for Division
    • DNA must be tightly packaged for division- otherwise it would tangle
      • DNA is wound up on histones and other proteins
      • Strands become 10,000 times shorter and much thicker (called condensation)
      • They become visible in microscope
    • Condensation occurs in prophase
    Mitosis is Used for Growth and Repair
    • Object of mitosis is to produce 2 identical cells (same number of chromosomes)
    • DNA duplicates and there is a single division, giving each cell 23 pairs of chromosomes
    • Some tissues must be repaired often: lining of gut, white blood cells, skin- cell lifespan is only a few days
    • Other cells do not divide at all after birth: nerve and muscle
    • Red blood cells intermediate- lifespan is ~ 120 days
    • General scheme of mitosis:
      • DNA duplicates -> 2 sister chromatids
      • Chromosomes attach to spindle and separate
      • Used for growth, repair and reproduction (in single-cell organisms)
      • Makes 2 identical cells (each has the original number of chromosomes)
      • 2D = DNA content of diploid cell; 4D = amount after duplication
    Meiosis is Used for Sexual Reproduction
    • Object of meiosis is to reduce the number of chromosomes to single copy of each (23 total)
    • Used for making gametes: sperm and eggs (haploid)
      • When a sperm fertilizes an egg to form a zygote the diploid number of chromosomes is restored (23 + 23 = 46)
    • In meiosis cells divide twice after a single DNA duplication
    • General scheme of meiosis:
      • DNA duplicates -> 2 sister chromatids
      • Chromosomes attach to spindle & separate
      • Two divisions
        • First separates homologues
        • Second separates sister chromatids
      • Used for sexual reproduction (makes sperm & eggs)
      • Makes 4 haploid cells (each has half the number of chromosomes)
      • 2D = amount of DNA in diploid cell; 4D = amount after duplication; 1D = amount of DNA in haploid cells (sperm & eggs)
    In Mitosis (and Meiosis) Chromosomes are Separated by the Spindle Apparatus
    • Spindle is formed of microtubule fibers between the 2 centrosomes (see below)
    • Chromosomes attach to spindle at centromeres
    • Separation of chromosomes requires energy (ATP)
    The Cell Division Cycle Has Five Stages:
    • Interphase:
      • Longest phase: essentially the cell must duplicate all its parts
      • DNA replicates
      • Proteins synthesized
      • Centrioles duplicated
      • Replicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) remain attached by centromeres until anaphase
      • Longest phase
    • Prophase:
      • Chromosomes condense, become visible
      • Centrosomes move to opposite ends of cell
      • Spindle forms
      • Nuclear membrane dissolves
    • Metaphase:
      • Chromosomes attach to spindle fibers at their centromeres
      • Line up in center of spindle apparatus
    • Anaphase:
      • Centromeres split, freeing the sister chromatids
      • Chromosomes move toward centrosomes to opposite ends of cell
    • Telophase:
      • Cell cleaves to form 2 cells (cytokinesis)
      • Nuclear membrane reforms
    • The last 4 phases are called mitosis
      • Mitosis = Prophase + Metaphase + Anaphase + Telophase
      • (PMAT)
    Cancer is Uncontrolled Mitosis
    • Mitosis must be controlled, otherwise growth will occur without limit (cancer)
    • Control is by special proteins produced by oncogenes
    • Mutations in control proteins can cause cancer
    Summary of Mitosis:
    Interphase: Duplication of DNA, organelles, proteins. Nucleolus present in nucleus. Chromosomes not visible. Early Prophase: Chromosomes condense, become visible. Centrosome divides. Spindle starts to form between the centrosomes.
    Late Prophase: Spindle formed, with centro- somes at opposite poles. Nuclear membrane dissolves. Chromosomes start to attach to spindle at their centromeres. Metaphase: Chromosomes line up on spindle in center of cell.
    Anaphase: Centromeres split apart. Then chromosomes move to towards centrosomes at opposite poles of cell. Telophase/Cytokinesis: Nuclear membrane reforms. Cell pinches into 2 cells in animals. In plants a cell plate separates the 2 new cells.
    More Information San Diego State University has a good animated tutorial of the cell cycle and mitosis. You can control the speed of the movie by increasing or decreasing the frames per second. The University of Arizona has good tutorials on both mitosis and meiosis. Test your knowledge of mitosis by identifying dividing onion root tip cells.
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    1722 2010-04-23 15:57:48 2010-04-23 06:57:48 open open cell-divison publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272006060 _edit_last 1
    DNA, RNA & Heredity Genetic Code http://biomedikal.in/dna-rna-heredity-genetic-code/ Fri, 23 Apr 2010 07:19:04 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1726 Information is Stored in the Code Letters of DNA
    • All hereditary information is stored in genes, which are parts of giant DNA molecules
    • Genes code for the amino acids of proteins
    • DNA is the archival copy of the code- kept in nucleus where it is protected & repaired
    • DNA is organized with special proteins into chromosomes
    • For protein synthesis a working copy of the code is made from RNA
    • Overall scheme: DNA -> RNA -> protein
    • Another version: "One gene, one enzyme"
    The Code is Based Upon the Structure of DNA
    • DNA has a sugar-phosphate backbone- sugar is deoxyribose
    • DNA also has 4 types of nucleotide base : A, C, G, T
    • A = adenine; C = cytosine; G = guanine; T = thymine
    • Molecule is a double helix: 2 complementary strands where A = T, C = G
      • The term"complementary" refers to the fitting together of 2 molecules like hand and glove
      • In DNA complementary bases make good hydrogen bonds with one another
    • Strands of helix are held together by hydrogen bonds between the bases
      • This allows DNA to unwind for duplication and transcription
      • (S = sugar; P = phosphate; B = base):
    A Group of 3 Nucleotide Bases (Triplet) Forms a Code Letter (Codon)
    • Groups of 3 nucleotide bases form code letters (codons)
    • For a 3 letter code made from the 4 nucleotide bases there are 64 different possible arrangements or code letters (codons)
    • Codons tell the cell how to make proteins
    • 1 code letter used for "Start", 3 used for "Stop", 61 used to code for the 20 different amino acids (most amino acids have more than 1 code letter)
    • Examples of DNA Codons:
      • Start is coded for by TAC (this codon is also used for methionine)
      • Stop is coded for by ATT, ATC and ACT
      • Valine is coded for by CAA, CAC, CAG and CAT
      • Glutamic acid is coded for by CTT and CTC
    For Protein Synthesis a Working Copy of the Code is Made From RNA (Transcription)
    • The RNA copy of the code is complementary:
      DNA Base RNA Base
      A U
      C G
      G C
      T A
    • Note that U replaces T in RNA (U = uracil)
    • RNA leaves the nucleus and goes into the cytoplasm, attaches to a ribosome to make protein (translation)
    • Examples of RNA Codons
      • Start is coded for by AUG
      • Stop is coded for by UAA, UAG and UGA
      • Valine is coded for by GUU, GUG, GUC and GUA
      • Glutamic acid is coded for by GAA and GAG
    A Change in a Single DNA Base Can Cause a Mutation
    • Changing a single base will change the codon, usually into one for another amino acid
    • Example: sickle cell anemia
      • A mutation caused a GAG codon to change into a GUG codon in the gene for one of the protein chains of hemoglobin
      • The mutation replaced the glutamic acid amino acid with valine in one position of the protein
      • Valine causes the hemoglobin to stick together so that it precipitates out of solution
      • The precipitated hemoglobin causes damage to the red blood cells and this leads to anemia
      • The mutation also gives some resistance to malaria in individuals with one sickle gene and one normal gene
    Mutations Cause "Inborn Errors of Metabolism"
    • Most mutations are harmful
    • Caused by chemical and physical agents which damage DNA (UV light, x-rays, many carcinogenic & mutagenic chemicals)
    • Approx. 600 genetic diseases known
    • Some may be treatable someday by gene therapy (correcting defective gene)
    The Genetic Code is Universal
    • All creatures on earth have the same genetic code (a few minor codon exceptions)
    • Evidence that life has arisen only once and that we are all related
    Telomerase, Aging and Cancer
    • The ends of chromosomes are called telomeres
    • When DNA is replicated the telomeres are often not duplicated properly and the chromosome becomes a little shorter after each replication
    • Some scientists believe that the gradual shortening of the chromosomes causes cell aging and eventual death (most cells in the body can duplicate only 50-100 times before they die)
    • Cells which divide often (germ cells, stem cells and cancer cells) have high levels of an enzyme called telomerase which allows the telomeres to be duplicated properly
    • Telomerase may make the cells potentially immortal
    • Inhibitors of telomerase may someday be useful in cancer therapy
    More Information: Do you want to know how the structure of DNA was discovered? Just click. James Bindon of the University of Alabama gives detailed information on sickle cell anemia.
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    1726 2010-04-23 16:19:04 2010-04-23 07:19:04 open open dna-rna-heredity-genetic-code publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272007146 _edit_last 1
    DNA & Heredity Transcription & Translation http://biomedikal.in/dna-heredity-transcription-translation/ Fri, 23 Apr 2010 07:23:42 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1728 Protein Synthesis Involves Transcription & Translation
    • The 2 steps of protein synthesis:
      Process Where Major Components Notes
      Transcription In the nucleus DNA gene RNA polymerase Gene is activated. A copy of the code is made from RNA (m-RNA) m-RNA leaves the nucleus, goes to cytoplasm.
      Translation In the cytoplasm, on the ribosomes m-RNA Ribosomes Peptidyl transferase enzyme Transfer RNAs Ribosome decodes the m-RNA and makes the correct protein.
    • Keeping the main copy of the genes in the nucleus protects it from damage
    • There are many DNA repair mechanisms in the nucleus
    • When a protein is to be made the DNA code is transferred into a working copy made of messenger RNA (transcription)
      • DNA must unwind to do transcription
      • Genes can be turned on and off and are transcribed one at a time
    • The m-RNA leaves the nucleus and translation takes place in the cytoplasm, on the ribosomes
    Three Types of RNA are Involved in Protein Synthesis
    • RNA properties:
      • RNA = nucleotide bases + 5 carbon sugar (ribose instead of deoxyribose) + phosphate
      • RNA has 4 types of nucleotide bases: A, C, G, U (U replaces T)
      • RNA is usually a single strand, not a helix
    • The 3 types of RNA:
      Messenger RNA m-RNA An RNA copy of a gene
      Ribosomal RNA r-RNA Ribosomal structure; also includes the enzyme peptidyl transferase (makes peptide bonds)
      Transfer RNA t-RNA Transfer amino acids to ribosome; have anticodons which match the m-RNA codons. At least 20 types required- one for each amino acid.
      • The transcribed code is carried from the nucleus to the ribosomes by messenger RNA (m-RNA)
      • The ribosomes contain ribosomal RNA (r-RNA). This type is structural and also acts as an enzyme when the protein is lengthened
      • Transfer RNA (t-RNA) carries amino acids to the ribosomes: there must be at least 20 types of t-RNA
    Proteins are Made on the Ribosomes
    • Decoding (translation) occurs on the ribosome
    • Ribosomes are constructed of a special RNA (r-RNA) and protein
    • They have 2 sub-units which come together to form a decoding machine
    • Some ribosomes attached to membranes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), others not attached (free ribosomes)
    Messenger RNA Leaves the Nucleus and Looks for a Ribosome
    • After the code is transcribed the m-RNA is further processed: special head and tail regions are added and some parts are spliced out
    • RNA leaves the nucleus and carries the code into the cytoplasm, then attaches to a ribosome
    The RNA Code is Translated into Protein
    • Ribosome finds start codon (AUG), then decodes the message, 3 bases at a time
    • When the ribosome reaches the stop codon the protein is released and the decoding can start over to make another proteins.
    In Translation Amino Acids are Carried to the Ribosomes by Transfer RNA
    • There are at least 20 kinds of t-RNA because there are 20 different amino acids
    • Each transfer RNA has a site that attaches to a specific amino acid, and a site with 3 nucleotide bases (anticodon) that must match up with the RNA code letter for that amino acid
    • Amino acids attach to the new protein only if the t-RNA anticodon matches (is complementary to) the m-RNA codon
    • Drawing from the copyright-free collection, The Sourcebook of Medical Illustration. Park Ridge, NJ: Parthenon, 1989, edited by Peter Cull.
    Proteins are Finished Off in the Endoplasmic Reticulum & Golgi Apparatus
    • Most new proteins are not immediately functional- they must be finished off
    • In the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus they are folded into the proper shape and sometimes chemical groups are added or clipped off
    • Some are routed to the cytoplasm, others to the mitochondria, etc.
    Review of the Coding: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
    Start 1st Codon 2nd Codon 3rd Codon
    DNA code TAC AGT CGG GCT
    m-RNA code AUG UCA GCC CGA
    t-RNA anticodon UAC AGU CGG GCU
    Amino Acid Methionine Serine Alanine Arginine
    • DNA makes RNA makes Protein
    • The amino acids are determined by the m-RNA codons
    Many Hormones Act by Turning on Genes
    • Hydrophobic hormones (sex hormones, cortisone, aldosterone, thyroxine) pass through the cell membrane and enter the nucleus
    • In the nucleus they bind to receptors which turn on genes
    More Information: Gwen Childs of the University of Texas at Galveston has a detailed discussion of protein synthesis, including the roles of the ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.
    ]]>
    1728 2010-04-23 16:23:42 2010-04-23 07:23:42 open open dna-heredity-transcription-translation publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272007424 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON QUANTITATIVE PHYSIOLOGY http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-quantitative-physiology/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 05:49:29 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1730 COURSE DESCRIPTION Human systems physiology, including:  basic cellular physiology, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal and gastro-intestinal physiology.  A quantitative, model-oriented approach to physiological systems is stressed.

    sno

    Color / Full Page Slides (PDF Format) Printable (6 slides per page, black and white) Slides (PDF Format) Slides in Powerpoint (ppt) Format
    1 Lecture 1 Lecture 1 Lecture 1
    2 Lecture 2 Lecture 2 Lecture 2
    3 Lecture 3 Lecture 3 Lecture 3
    4 Lecture 4 Lecture 4 Lecture 4
    5 Lecture 5 Lecture 5 Lecture 5
    6 Lecture 6 Lecture 6 Lecture 6
    7 Lecture 7 Lecture 7 Lecture 7
    8 Lecture 8 Lecture 8 Lecture 8
    9 Lecture 9 Lecture 9 Lecture 9
    10 Lecture 10 Lecture 10 Lecture 10
    11 Lecture 11 Lecture 11 Lecture 11
    12 Lecture 12 Lecture 12 Lecture 12
    13 Lecture 13 Lecture 13 Lecture 13
    14 Lecture 14 Lecture 14 Lecture 14
    15 Lecture 15 Lecture 15 Lecture 15
    16 Lecture 16 Lecture 16 Lecture 16
    17 Lecture 17 Lecture 17 Lecture 17
    18 Lecture 18 Lecture 18 Lecture 18
    19 Lecture 19 Lecture 19 Lecture 19
    20 Lecture 20 Lecture 20 Lecture 20
    21 Lecture 21 Lecture 21 Lecture 21
    22 Lecture 22 Lecture 22 Lecture 22
    23 Lecture 23 Lecture 23 Lecture 23
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    1730 2010-04-24 14:49:29 2010-04-24 05:49:29 open open lecture-notes-on-quantitative-physiology publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272088480 _edit_last 1
    tutorial http://biomedikal.in/tutorials-on-various-stages-of-heart-contraction/tutorial/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 06:08:21 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/tutorial.jpg 1734 2010-04-24 15:08:21 2010-04-24 06:08:21 open open tutorial inherit 1733 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/tutorial.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/tutorial.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"954";s:6:"height";s:3:"576";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='77' width='128'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2010/04/tutorial.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:20:"tutorial-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:20:"tutorial-300x181.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"181";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} TUTORIALS ON VARIOUS STAGES OF HEART CONTRACTION http://biomedikal.in/tutorials-on-various-stages-of-heart-contraction/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 06:10:19 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1733 An animated demonstration of the various staged of heart contraction

    CLICK ON THE IMAGE TO SEE THE TUTORIAL

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    1733 2010-04-24 15:10:19 2010-04-24 06:10:19 open open tutorials-on-various-stages-of-heart-contraction publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272089669 _edit_last 1
    FAQ'S OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY DISEASES http://biomedikal.in/faqs-of-cardiovascular-physiology-diseases/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 06:33:49 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1737 Arrhythmias

    Cardiac Valve Disease

    Tissue Edema and General Principles of Transcapillary Fluid Exchange

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    1737 2010-04-24 15:33:49 2010-04-24 06:33:49 open open faqs-of-cardiovascular-physiology-diseases publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1272091077
    COMPLETE & BEST POWERPOINT LECTURE NOTES ON MRI (MUST DOWNLOAD FOR UNIVERSITY PAPERS AS WELL AS UNDERSTANDING MRI) http://biomedikal.in/complete-best-powerpoint-lecture-notes-on-mri-must-download-for-university-papers-as-well-as-understanding-mri/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:37:56 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1740 Magnetic Resonance Imaging-BASICS

    Pulse Sequences

    Fast Scanning Techniques

    MRI Scan Parameters Image Quality and Artefacts

    ]]>
    1740 2010-04-24 16:37:56 2010-04-24 07:37:56 open open complete-best-powerpoint-lecture-notes-on-mri-must-download-for-university-papers-as-well-as-understanding-mri publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272094679 _edit_last 1
    3 http://biomedikal.in/study-guides-lecture-notes-tutorials-on-mri-mri-simplified/attachment/3/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:44:09 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/3.jpg 1743 2010-04-24 16:44:09 2010-04-24 07:44:09 open open 3 inherit 1742 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/3.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/3.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"752";s:6:"height";s:3:"297";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='50' width='128'";s:4:"file";s:13:"2010/04/3.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"3-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"3-300x118.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"118";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} 1 http://biomedikal.in/study-guides-lecture-notes-tutorials-on-mri-mri-simplified/attachment/1/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:44:13 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/1.jpg 1744 2010-04-24 16:44:13 2010-04-24 07:44:13 open open 1 inherit 1742 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/1.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/1.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"715";s:6:"height";s:3:"543";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='96' width='126'";s:4:"file";s:13:"2010/04/1.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"1-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"1-300x227.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"227";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} 2 http://biomedikal.in/study-guides-lecture-notes-tutorials-on-mri-mri-simplified/attachment/2/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:44:17 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/2.jpg 1745 2010-04-24 16:44:17 2010-04-24 07:44:17 open open 2 inherit 1742 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/2.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/2.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"700";s:6:"height";s:3:"622";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='96' width='108'";s:4:"file";s:13:"2010/04/2.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"2-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:13:"2-300x266.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"266";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} STUDY GUIDES LECTURE NOTES & TUTORIALS ON MRI (MRI SIMPLIFIED) http://biomedikal.in/study-guides-lecture-notes-tutorials-on-mri-mri-simplified/ Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:47:17 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1742 ABOUT THE GUIDE

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

    Study Guide 1.pdf

    Study Guide 2.pdf

    Study Guide 3.pdf

    Study Guide 4.pdf

    Study Guide 5.pdf

    Study Guide 6.pdf

    ]]>
    1742 2010-04-24 16:47:17 2010-04-24 07:47:17 open open study-guides-lecture-notes-tutorials-on-mri-mri-simplified publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272095240 _edit_last 1
    Program for Biomedical Engineer Students__LD_presention http://biomedikal.in/awareness-program-for-biomedical-engineer-students-ideation-creation-guided-workshop/program-for-biomedical-engineer-students__ld_presention/ Sun, 25 Apr 2010 14:20:30 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Program-for-Biomedical-Engineer-Students__LD_presention.pdf 1749 2010-04-25 23:20:30 2010-04-25 14:20:30 open open program-for-biomedical-engineer-students__ld_presention inherit 1748 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/Program-for-Biomedical-Engineer-Students__LD_presention.pdf _wp_attached_file 2010/04/Program-for-Biomedical-Engineer-Students__LD_presention.pdf _wp_attachment_metadata a:0:{} wrkshop http://biomedikal.in/awareness-program-for-biomedical-engineer-students-ideation-creation-guided-workshop/wrkshop/ Sun, 25 Apr 2010 14:25:06 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/wrkshop.jpg 1750 2010-04-25 23:25:06 2010-04-25 14:25:06 open open wrkshop inherit 1748 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/wrkshop.jpg _wp_attached_file 2010/04/wrkshop.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"982";s:6:"height";s:3:"500";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:23:"height='65' width='127'";s:4:"file";s:19:"2010/04/wrkshop.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:2:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:19:"wrkshop-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:19:"wrkshop-300x152.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"300";s:6:"height";s:3:"152";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:1:"0";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:0:"";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:1:"0";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:1:"0";s:3:"iso";s:1:"0";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:1:"0";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} AWARENESS PROGRAM FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER STUDENTS ( IDEATION & CREATION GUIDED WORKSHOP) http://biomedikal.in/awareness-program-for-biomedical-engineer-students-ideation-creation-guided-workshop/ Sun, 25 Apr 2010 14:27:00 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1748
    hello!
    Good news for all biomedical engineer, we r happy to announce that we r first time in india going to organize all type of event under one roof along with The certifiation course of Biomedical engineer and Hospital management.
    With this best opportunity we want to include all stall from all type of company like medical equipments , consultancy, placement form, project guidance, expert work experience in biomedical field. and other more.  so i  m requesting to u become a active part of member while attending this seminar cum all event at gujarat.
    Organized by:
    Gunjan Patel(09375878984))
    Denish Patel(098244 91204)
    www.bmeportal.ning.com

    Program details for Biomedical Engineer Students

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    1748 2010-04-25 23:27:00 2010-04-25 14:27:00 open open awareness-program-for-biomedical-engineer-students-ideation-creation-guided-workshop publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272205837 _edit_last 1
    EXCLUSIVE HANDS ON TRAINING IN BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENTS AT KOLKATA (DETAILS UPDATED) http://biomedikal.in/exclusive-hands-on-training-in-biomedical-equipments-at-kolkata-details-updated/ Tue, 27 Apr 2010 05:28:10 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1753 BRIDGE YOUR KNOWLEDGE GAP !!!

    BY TRUE BIOMEDICAL EXPERTS AND

    GET YOURSELF TRAINED IN THE WAY THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY WANTS YOU TO BE !!

    INTEGRATED ELECTROLIFE SYSTEM

    (An ISO 9001 : 2008 Organisation) Regd Office : North Badra, Nirmal Sengupta Sarani, KOLKATA – 700 079, West Bengal, India. URL: http://www.iesinstruments.com TEL NO. : +91-33-25902575               +91-33-25902575 MOBILE : +91-9433350561           +91-9433350561     +91-9433279161             +91-9433279161 Training Centre : 2nd fl., DA-31, Sector 1, Salt Lake, KOLKATA – 700 064 Phone No : +91 9330603420              +91 9330603420 e-mail : indiankite@gmail.com info@iesinstruments.com

    Training and Education Division at Kolkata provides Inplant training, Mini projects (with or without microcontrollers) and final year projects for following degrees/diplomas : B.E / B.TECH ( ECE, EEE, E&I, Biomedical Engg. )

    We offer a number of Project with VLSI, PC Based Projects, Micro Processor Based Projects, latest Micro Controller Based Projects. The Project Direction is around 60-70 hours and it will be spread over two months. Our esteemed Engineers guide the students and help in preparation of Project Report. In addition to the Practical Work, they are given Theory lessons related to the topic of the Project work. They are also encouraged further study in the related topic and tests and conducted and their progress valued by the time the students completing the project. In addition to the Project Works, the Students are exposed to industrial Environment.

    WE OFFER : True knowledge-based short-term 1 month BIOMEDICAL EQUIPMENT ENGG. TRAINING PROGRAMME Hands-on practical session with explanation showing the internal view of actual working equipment Why this specialized training program ? 1) To be a complete professional, the students must know how to handle the “live-wire situations” in healthcare industry. Unfortunately, only through books we learn theories of this frontier technology in a way which are : i) Too much theory oriented ii) Obsolete theories which do not fit the present requirements of present technology for the well-being of mankind iii) theories learnt what are far away from real-life application in future. This is the reason that for a large proportion of students, this knowledge is not sufficient and cannot give enough confidence for being recruited directly in different companies after they pass out. There is a clear need for learning the theories with an industry-like touch and bridge the hands-on learning gap. 2) Our training program is operated by superior instrumentation & biomedical engineers and technicial experts with more than 15 to 20 years of rich experience not only in academics but also in real-life industry. 3) A properly oriented, knowledge-based, value-added training in addition to the basic academic qualification is our efficiency and years of expertise to make a student “Industry ready”, though we are not a placement consultant or do not give you a false promises like “we give 100% sure shot placement in industry”. THE PARTICIPANT GROUP 1) Students of B.Tech (Biomedical, ECE,EIE) and fresh passed out 2) Diploma and degree engineering students beyond 4th semester 3) Good science graduates interested to work in this area. 4) Young doctors, O.T.Technicians and nursing staff *********** Training Cost and Registration 1 Month Duration Rs. 11000/- (To be paid in full in advance)

    PROCEDURE FOR APPLICATION Complete CV has to be submitted to us by e-mail. After confirmation from our side, Payment has to be given through A/c payee demand bank draft payable at Kolkata in favour of “Integrated Electrolife System” or in cash at our regd. Office against a money recipt. Maximum Participants Per Batch : 6 (SIX) Training : 4 Days/Week (10 A.M.- 5 P.M.) (No of daya/week may increase as per our discretion) Training cost includes photocopies of documents, CD etc, lunch and tea at venue, but excludes accommodation & transportation to venue. Outstation candidates would be guided for rented or shared PG accomodation in Kolkata/Howrah. Please contact in advance.

    COURSE CONTENTS This structured training program would be divided in FOUR regular modules each consisting of 2 weeks of intensive training, provided through lectures, Ms-Powerpoint presentation on PC, extracts printed as additional course materials from user and service manuals of reputed national & international manufacturers in association with the set of medical equipments presented before the participants at and off-venue for hands-on experience. MODULE 1 General Introduction to Medical Equipments Life-saving medical equipments Introduction to Equipment related Safety General considerations in troubleshooting and repair 1.Electronic symbols : Resistors, Capacitors, Transformers, Diode, Transistor, FET. 2. Identification of components and tools used in electronic workshop Different type of components: Resistors, capacitors, Transformers, Diodes, Inductors, Transistors, IC Packages 3. Colour coding of resistors, capacitors. 4. Study of digital and analog Multimeter. 5. Testing of electronic components using multimeter. 6. Important Points about CRO. MODULE 2 E.C.G. machines (Single and multichannel) Single & Multi-parameter Monitors Ventilator / Artificial Respirators Defibrillator (with monitors and optional pacemakers) Pulse Oximeters (with and without plethysmographs) MODULE 3 Syringe and Volumetric infusion pumps Diathermy (Electrosurgical Generators) O.T. Lighting systems Anaesthesia Machines (with anaesthetic ventilators) Pacemakers (Single and Dual chamber) MODULE 4 Medical gas control system EtCO2 monitoring, Nebulisers Ultrasonographs Visit to healthcare unit/centre for hands-on-experience and practice Special sessions on Service topology Asset management techniques

    ]]>
    1753 2010-04-27 14:28:10 2010-04-27 05:28:10 open open exclusive-hands-on-training-in-biomedical-equipments-at-kolkata-details-updated publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272346160 _edit_last 1 112 ibrahimv@un.org http://www.unamid.org 85.159.201.54 2010-05-25 17:37:40 2010-05-25 08:37:40 1 0 0 97 shoespublisher@gmail.com http://www.jewelrypublisher.com/ 60.250.172.98 2010-05-11 08:42:58 2010-05-10 23:42:58 1 0 0 75 rpanama@syracuse.edu http://cpanama.info 173.234.31.11 2010-04-29 04:04:42 2010-04-28 19:04:42 1 0 0 76 Hilu22048@gmail.com http://employment.news-channel9.com 188.221.211.238 2010-04-29 04:59:40 2010-04-28 19:59:40 1 0 0
    ONLINE BLOOD DONATION-NOBLE CAUSE SPREAD THE WORD http://biomedikal.in/online-blood-donation-noble-cause-spread-the-word/ Tue, 27 Apr 2010 05:31:06 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1756 Dear Friend, When you or your family or your friends face an emergency situation for blood transfusion due to accidents or surgery, here is a website which will be usefull to find out voluntary blood donors from your locality.Please join in this website and help others in their need. The website is:  http://www.friendstosupport.org
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    1756 2010-04-27 14:31:06 2010-04-27 05:31:06 open open online-blood-donation-noble-cause-spread-the-word publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272346268 _edit_last 1
    DSC01044 http://biomedikal.in/about-2/dsc01044/ Tue, 27 Apr 2010 07:35:38 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/DSC01044.jpg 1758 2010-04-27 16:35:38 2010-04-27 07:35:38 open open dsc01044 inherit 1525 0 attachment 0 http://biomedikal.in/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/DSC01044.jpg _wp_attached_file 2009/12/DSC01044.jpg _wp_attachment_metadata a:6:{s:5:"width";s:3:"751";s:6:"height";s:4:"1662";s:14:"hwstring_small";s:22:"height='96' width='43'";s:4:"file";s:20:"2009/12/DSC01044.jpg";s:5:"sizes";a:3:{s:9:"thumbnail";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:20:"DSC01044-150x150.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"150";s:6:"height";s:3:"150";}s:6:"medium";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:20:"DSC01044-135x300.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"135";s:6:"height";s:3:"300";}s:5:"large";a:3:{s:4:"file";s:21:"DSC01044-462x1024.jpg";s:5:"width";s:3:"462";s:6:"height";s:4:"1024";}}s:10:"image_meta";a:10:{s:8:"aperture";s:3:"2.8";s:6:"credit";s:0:"";s:6:"camera";s:7:"DSC-W90";s:7:"caption";s:0:"";s:17:"created_timestamp";s:10:"1271632401";s:9:"copyright";s:0:"";s:12:"focal_length";s:3:"5.8";s:3:"iso";s:3:"250";s:13:"shutter_speed";s:5:"0.025";s:5:"title";s:0:"";}} BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER JOB AT TOP HOSPITAL IN DELHI http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-engineer-job-at-top-hospital-in-delhi/ Fri, 30 Apr 2010 14:23:38 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1770
    Experience:10 - 20 Years
    Location:

    Delhi

    Education:UG - B.Tech/B.E. - Any Specialization PG - Any PG Course - Any Specialization
    Industry Type:Medical/ Healthcare/Hospital
    Role:Head/VP/GM-Amin & Facilities
    Functional Area:Top Management
    Posted Date:28 Apr

    Desired Candidate Profile

    Well versed with the quality, safety and environment standards for hospitals ( pollution & noise parameters ). Management of all Biomedical Equipment of the hospital. Energy management Liaising with clients, architects, consultants, contractors etc

    Job Description

    Operation and maintenance of engineering services including HVAC, steam, water systems, medical gases, power & backup systems, fire fighting systems, waste water treatment and biomedical waste treatment.etc
    Keywords: HOD Engineering , Chief Engineer, Head engineering

    Company Profile

    500-bed super-speciality state-of-the-art hospital
    Contact Details
    Company Name:One of the Leading Hospital in Delhi
    Website:Not Mentioned
    Executive Name:Mohd Gulfam
    Address:Not Mentioned
    Telephone:011-46640024
    Reference ID:Please mail your CV at mgulfam@talismanadvisors.com
    Recruiter wants interested applicants to either approach the venue mentioned or call on the number provided
    ]]>
    1770 2010-04-30 23:23:38 2010-04-30 14:23:38 open open biomedical-engineer-job-at-top-hospital-in-delhi publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272637667 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL SALES JOBS IN INDIA http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-sales-jobs-in-india/ Fri, 30 Apr 2010 14:29:48 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1773 LOOKING FOR LOCAL MALE CANDIDATES ONLY" Job Location: Vijayawada/ Raipur/ Ludhiana/ Delhi/ Mumbai/ Trivandrum/ Chennai/ Bangalore/ Manglore Total No. Of Openings: 10 ·            Minimum 2 years of sales experience in Biotechnology / Medical /Analytical instrument industry or Industrial sales experience of Testing Equipments/ Laboratory Equpments/ Diagnostic Instruments. ·           Is responsible for sales activity of the company products on the territory level and identifying and developing new business opportunities ·           Is responsible to call on prospective clients, provide product information and/or organize demonstrations to generate and maintain interest among the         clients, and the prospects. ·           Is responsible for Key Account Management in his territory and focus attention in all respects on a group of customers in his territory. If you are Interested and qualified for above position please send us your updated resume as soon as possible in Word format along with the following mandatory details. 1) Current CTC: 2) Expected CTC: 3) Notice Period: 4) Current Location: 5) Reasons for change: 6) Convenient time for to attend FTF discussion: 7) Location Preference:( Vijayawada/ Raipur/ Ludhiana/ Delhi/ Mumbai/ Trivandrum/ Chennai/ Bangalore/ Manglore): FOR APPLYING FOR THIS JOB CLICK HERE
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    1773 2010-04-30 23:29:48 2010-04-30 14:29:48 open open biomedical-sales-jobs-in-india publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272640200 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL LIVE WORKING PROJECTS UP FOR SALE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-projects-up-for-sal/ Mon, 03 May 2010 11:09:45 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1776 1776 2010-05-03 20:09:45 2010-05-03 11:09:45 open open biomedical-projects-up-for-sal publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272893597 _edit_last 1 _wp_old_slug biomedical-government-jobs-at-hll-lifecare Biosignal and Biomedical Image Processing: Matlab-Based Applications By John L. Semmlow http://biomedikal.in/biosignal-and-biomedical-image-processing-matlab-based-applications-by-john-l-semmlow/ Mon, 03 May 2010 13:51:38 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1780

    John L. Semmlow, Biosignal and Biomedical Image Processing: Matlab-Based Applications ISBN: 0824748034 | Publisher: CRC Press | Publication Date: 2004-01-14 | Number Of Pages: 448 | pdf |  5,1 mb ABOUT THE BOOK

    Relying heavily on MATLAB? problems and examples, as well as simulated data, this text/reference surveys a vast array of signal and image processing tools for biomedical applications providing a working knowledge of the technologies addressed while showcasing valuable implementation procedures, common pitfalls, and essential application concepts.

    DOWNLOAD LINKS

    DOWNLOAD FROM RAPIDSHARE

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    1780 2010-05-03 22:51:38 2010-05-03 13:51:38 open open biosignal-and-biomedical-image-processing-matlab-based-applications-by-john-l-semmlow publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272894700 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL JOBS AT RIYADH...... HURRRY UP.... http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-jobs-at-riyadh-hurrry-up/ Mon, 03 May 2010 15:32:25 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1786 Marketing Manager Bio Medical Engineer or equivalent – 8 – 10 years of experience in the Medical Equipments Industry Field Medical Equipments Maintenance Manager Bio Medical Engineer or equivalent – 3 – 5 years of experience in a supervisory position in the Medical Equipments Industry Field Maintenance Engineer - X-RAY MACHINES Bio Medical Engineer - 3 years of experience in installation, testing, commissioning and maintenance of Shimadzu X ray units Maintenance Engineer – STERILIZATION Bio Medical Engineer - 3 years of experience in installation, testing, commissioning and maintenance of Sterilization machines Maintenance Engineer – LAB EQUIPMETNS Bio Medical Engineer - 3 years of experience in installation, testing, commissioning and maintenance of Laboratory Equipments Medical Disposables Sales Representative Bio Medical Engineer or equivalent – min. 2 years experience in the Medical Equipments products. Medical equipment Sales Representative Bio Medical Engineer or equivalent – min. 2 years experience in the Medical Equipments products. Please apply to Hosam.mbs@gmail.com Contact Number: 0197770060 Contact Person: Mr.Hossam Sherif Note: please write the Job Title in the E-mail Subject field to be considered
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    1786 2010-05-04 00:32:25 2010-05-03 15:32:25 open open biomedical-jobs-at-riyadh-hurrry-up publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1272900813 _edit_last 1
    BIOMEDICAL FRESHERS SALES AND SERVICE ENGINEER JOBS AT MUMBAI/PUNE http://biomedikal.in/biomedical-freshers-sales-and-service-engineer-jobs-at-mumbaipune/ Tue, 04 May 2010 08:28:42 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1789 Company Name Diagnostic Systems Location Mumbai, Pune Experience 0 - 10 years Skills "Sales and Service of BioMedical Equipments", "BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS", "ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS", "MARKETING", "SERVICE", PRODUCT Education B.E/B.Tech, B.Sc, Diploma, M.Sc • Marketing & Communications • Production/ Engg/ R&D Role • Fresher • Product Manager/ Product Head • Service Manager/ Engineer • Customer Service/ Tech Support Industry • Advertising • Bio Technology & Life Sciences • Chemicals/ Plastic/ Rubber • Consumer Goods/ FMCG • Hospitals/ Health Care • Office Equipment • Pharmaceuticals About Company Diagnostic System started with humble beginning in 2002 at Mumbai. Within a short span it became well known as provider of High Quality Products with value addition of strong technical support to its customers. Today Diagnostic System is a key partner for leading customers in India and successful business associate for various companies abroad. Our product range includes high performance diagnostic reagents, clinical chemistry analysers, specimen handling systems and consumables. The growth rate of Diagnostic System is at par with Industry in recent times. The basic philosophy behind every action in Diagnostic System is WIN-WIN, be it with Customer relations or employee-employer association. Job Description ·         Formulate, develop and implement annual business plan to achieve sales and marketing targets in line with expense budget and strategic objectives. ·         Manage the Sales &, Service of instruments, to achieve maximum market penetration, satisfied customer base and achieve both short- and long-range objectives for sales growth. ·         To visit target territories to study and provide feedback on market potential.. ·         To provide class room / field / practical training to the team members for the development / enhancement of their skills. ·         Self Updating with the help of resources available / communications with parent companies / associates and if necessary training from the manufacturers. ·         To generate sales leads, by way of field visits, contacts, Independent /  joint field work with sales team, distributors etc., ·         Prepare, monitor & execution of maintenance schedules of the analysers / instruments under warranty / maintenance contract. ·         To provide periodical review of sales achievement v/s. objectives and prepare action plan to cover up deficit. ·         To report on the monthly progress on leads generation, prospects follow ups and market updates. ·         To Suggest, workout various promotional schemes for instruments TO APPLY FOR JOB CLICK HERE
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    1789 2010-05-04 17:28:42 2010-05-04 08:28:42 open open biomedical-freshers-sales-and-service-engineer-jobs-at-mumbaipune publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1275267735 _edit_last 1 108 sudarkodi44@yahoo.in 59.92.59.159 2010-05-22 11:33:43 2010-05-22 02:33:43 1 0 0
    BEST DIAGRAMMATIC LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEMS & NANO BIOSENSORS http://biomedikal.in/best-diagrammatic-lecture-notes-on-biomems-nano-biosensors/ Fri, 07 May 2010 05:15:30 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1792 INTRODUCTION

    WHAT IS BIO-MEMS?

    WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY & NANO BIOSENSOR ?

    FABRICATION OF MEMS

    FABRICATION OF BIOMEMS

    FABRICATION OF BIOMEMS (CONTINUED)

    MINIATURIZATION IN LIFE SCIENCES-1

    MINIATURIZATION IN LIFE SCIENCES PART 2

    MICROFLUIDICS

    CAPILLARY DRIVEN MICROFLUIDICS

    PRESSURE DRIVEN - MICROFLUIDICS

    PDMS BASED INTEGRATED FLUIDIC CIRCUITS

    CENTRIFUGAL DRIVEN MICROFLUIDICS

    ELECTRO-KINETIC DRIVEN MICROFLUIDICS

    ELECTRO WETTING BASED MICROFLUIDICS

    PLUG BASED/ SAW BASED MICROFLUIDICS

    MICROVALVES

    MICROPUMPS

    MICROFLUIDIC COMPONENTS

    CELLS IN MICROFLUIDICS 01

    CELLS IN MICROFLUIDICS 02/PCR

    Lec22

    DRUG DELEIVERY SYSTEMS & IMPLANTATION DEVICES

    LECTURE 24

    POINT OF CARE TEST

    LECTURE 26

    ]]>
    1792 2010-05-07 14:15:30 2010-05-07 05:15:30 open open best-diagrammatic-lecture-notes-on-biomems-nano-biosensors publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1273209334 _edit_last 1
    FREE EBOOKS http://biomedikal.in/free-ebooks/ Fri, 07 May 2010 08:10:01 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?page_id=1782 BASIC CLINICAL SCIENCES

    BIOCHEMISTRY

    BIOLOGY

    BIOMATERIALS

    BIOMECHANICS

    BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

    BIOMEMS

    BIOMEDICAL ETHICS

    BIOMEDICAL PHOTONICS

    BIOMEDICAL SENSORS

    BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    BIO-NANOTECHNOLOGY

    BIOSTATISTICS

    BIOTECHNOLOGY

    CLINICAL ENGINEERING

    CONTROL SYSTEMS

    DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

    DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

    ELECTRONICS

    EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

    HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY

    IMAGE PROCESSING

    MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

    MEDICAL IMAGING

    MEDICAL INFORMATICS

    MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION

    NANOTECHNOLOGY

    SIGNAL & SYSTEMS

    TISSUE ENGINEERING

    VLSI

    ]]>
    1782 2010-05-07 17:10:01 2010-05-07 08:10:01 open open free-ebooks publish 0 0 page 0 _edit_lock 1273219803 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-biomedical-imaging/ Sat, 15 May 2010 08:54:14 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1797
  • Introduction

  • X-ray Imaging

  • Intensity manipulations

  • Computed Tomography

  • 2D reconstruction from Projections

  • Nuclear Imaging

  • Maximum Likelihood Reconstruction

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • Fourrier Transform Review

  • Point Spread Function, Inverse Filtering,

  • Wiener Filtering, Sharpening,

  • Reblog this post [with Zemanta]
    ]]>
    1797 2010-05-15 17:54:14 2010-05-15 08:54:14 open open lecture-notes-on-biomedical-imaging publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1273913657 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON MODELING IN BIOMECHANICS http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-modeling-in-biomechanics/ Sat, 15 May 2010 08:54:17 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1799 Lecture 1 - The Area of Study Lecture 2 - Philosophy of Modeling Lecture 3 - Tools in Modeling Lecture 4 - Equations of Motion I Lecture 5 - Equations of Motion II Lecture 6 - Modeling Muscle Properties Lecture 7 - Modeling Muscles Lecture 8 - Static Optimization Lecture 9 - Dynamic Optimization Lecture 10 - Input Parameters for Models: Part I Input Parameters for Models: Part II
    ]]>
    1799 2010-05-15 17:54:17 2010-05-15 08:54:17 open open lecture-notes-on-modeling-in-biomechanics publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1273916376 _edit_last 1
    LECTURE NOTES ON MECHANICS OF NANOMATERIALS http://biomedikal.in/lecture-notes-on-mechanics-of-nanomaterials/ Sat, 15 May 2010 09:48:27 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1801
  • Why is nano-scale special How are nano-materials different? Lecture1
  • Definition of nanostructures, nanostructured materials, nanoscale precipitates  Lecture2
  • Synthesis Bottom UP Lecture3
  • Top Down Lecture4
  • Applications Micro-fluidics, fuel cells, biomedical, bio-mimicing  Lecture5
  • flexible electronics, solar cells, PVs  Lecture6
  • Characterization  1) Electron scattering overview Lecture7
  • E-scattering based techniques overview: SEM (BS, SE, EBSD), EDS (FIB) Lecture8
  • Characterization FIB Lecture9
  • Force-based techniques: AFM, Nanoindentation, SPM Lecture10
  • Properties Quantum Effect, transport, Field emission, thermal, magnetic, chemical, Optical Lecture11
  • Proposal/Patent writing Lecture12
  • Properties Mechanical properties 1 – Buckling, Dislocation, plasticity in nanostructures Lecture13
  • Properties Mechanical properties 2 – Special on Nanotubes: defects, deformations, dynamics Lecture14
  • ]]>
    1801 2010-05-15 18:48:27 2010-05-15 09:48:27 open open lecture-notes-on-mechanics-of-nanomaterials publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_lock 1273922822 _edit_last 1
    432 BIOMEDICAL, ELECTRONICS, COMPUTER SCIENCE PROJECTS + PROJECT IDEAS ( MUST READ POST FOR ALL THE ENGINEERS) http://biomedikal.in/432-biomedical-electronics-projects-project-ideas-must-read-post-for-all-the-engineers/ Sat, 15 May 2010 11:42:21 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1804
  • Human Tetris -- Video object tracking (video part1, part2, part3)

  • Auditory navigator (video part1, part2, part3)

  • USB wireless tilt mouse (video part1, part2, part3, full)

  • Automated Rock Band player (video)

  • Glove Midi Controller (youtube video)

  • Automated Pavlovian Classical Conditioning of Mosquitos

  • Remote control airship (video part1, part2, part3) image

  • CMOS Camera Rock Paper Scissors Game System

  • Theremin Hero (video)

  • Scanner using phototransistor array (youtube)

  • RFID sales checkout system (video)

  • RFID based Mobile Payment System

  • Talking voltmeter (video part1, part2, part3, part4)

  • Heart rate monitor (video)

  • Gesture Based Touchpad Security system (youtube)

  • Glove control helicopter (video part1, part2, part3) early version

  • Virtual Archery (video part1, part2, part3)

  • Acoustic data modem (video)

  • Motion Adaptive Alarm Clock

  • Zigbee Wireless Relay Control and Power Monitoring System

  • Low-Cost Portable Potentiostat for Biosensing Applications

  • Point of Sale Terminal

  • FM radio receiver

  • Mister Gloves - A Wireless USB Gesture Input System

  • Accelerometer Based Hand Action Recognition

  • Home energy managment

  • Self-Adaptive Hybrid Electro-Magnetic Levitation and Active Balancing System

  • Digital Oscilloscope

  • Optical eye tracking (video)

  • ATmega644 JTAG Debugger

  • Ultrasonic Haptic Vision (MP4, MP4, MP4)

  • Haptic appointment manager (MP4 lots of wind and construction noise)

  • 3D ultrasonic mouse (MP4, MP4, MP4)

  • 3D scanner (MP4) (hackedgadgets)

  • Gesture Recognition Based on Scratch Inputs (MP4) (uelectronics, )

  • LED Sensor Keyboard (MP4 7Mb) (hackaday)

  • Touchpad/Infrared Music Synthesizer (MP4)

  • Programmable Synthesized Guitar (MP4)

  • Der Kapellmeister (MP4)

  • IR harp (MP4, MP4)

  • Digital Receipts System (hackedgadgets, zedomax, uelectronics, )

  • ODB-II Automotive data interface (hackaday, )

  • Traction control system

  • ACL Research: Foot Acceleration Sensor

  • Fart Intensity Detector (MP4) (kitecrazy, hackaday, Popular Science sept09, Dvice, )

  • Dual-Channel Mobile Surface Electromyograph (MP4)

  • Tissue Impedance Digital Biopsy

  • GPS Data Logger with Wireless Trigger (hackaday)

  • Self-Adjusting Window Shade

  • Weather Canvas (MP4)

  • Autonomous Self-parking car (MP4, MP4)

  • Holonomic Drive Vehicle with Stochastic Evolution

  • Ball Picker Robot (MP4)

  • BalanceBot (MP4)

  • Snakearm Multiple PID motor controller (with Wiimote!) (MP4)

  • Electric Etch (MP4, MP4)

  • POV display (MP4) (hackaday)

  • POV display

  • Alarm clock with speech synthesis

  • Blackout game

  • ESD Foam Touch Controlled Brick Blaster

  • NES emulator (uelectronics, )

  • Laser Audio Transmitter

  • Voice Tuner

  • Wireless music player

  • Multisensor Data Transmission

  • Heliostat (MP4)

  • Wii Conductor

  • Musical Blocks

  • Tic Tac Toe with CMOS Camera

  • Robot Plotter

  • PowerBox: smart AC outlet with metering and control

  • Rhythm Ring: Interactive Rhythm Sequencer (MP4 video) (youtubeanother)

    and
  • Trumpet MIDI Controller (MP4 video) (longer 53 Mbyte MP4 video)

  • Air Drums (MP4 video), (MOV video) (youtube)

  • Recorder Hero (MP4 video)

  • Dueling Banjos (MP4 video)

  • Intelligent wireless pedometer

  • Networked Biometric Authentication

  • Easy Input -head controlled mouse and keyboard interfacevideo1, video2)

    (MP4
  • \Virtual Keyboard (Circuit Cellar Magazine, issue #227, June 2009 page 14-19)

  • 3D LED display (MOV video 60 Mbyte) (MP4 video)

  • BordFree videogame (MP4 video)

  • Haptic glove (MP4 video1, video2)

  • High Speed Photography Controller

  • 3D Maze in a Box video game (MP4 video)

  • 3D Video Game Control (MP4 video)

  • Multi-Player Light Cycle on Color TV (MP4 video)

  • Gesture-driven Tetris (MP4 video)

  • Remote Chess Data Acquisition System With Controller Area Network and SD Card

  • Automotive On-Board Diagnostics Reader

  • Adaptive 60 Hz Noise Cancellation

  • Neural Net Helicopter (MP4 video)

  • Accelerometer Controlled R/C Vehicle (MP4 video)

  • Robot Arm (MP4 video)

  • Help Quit Smoking Watch

  • Electronic Impact Vest (MP4 video) (hacknmod) (Gizmodo) TouchSynth (MP4 video)

  • TriWheeler robot (MP4 video) (youtube)

  • Music Wand: Real-Time Optical Scanning of Sheet Music (MP4 video)

  • Teaching an old clock (GE® Model 8116k) new tricks

  • Shark Tag Microcontroller Platform

  • Ghost Writer Robot (MP4 video)

  • Rocket Inertial Navigation System (MP4 video)

  • Guitar Tuner (MP4 video) (youtube)

  • Scheme Interpreter

  • Minigolf video game (MP4 video)

  • Battlezone video game

  • Laser Simon

  • Snake Arm Glove

  • Wiimote CraneRadio

  • Beacon Finder

  • Portable, color, tilt-controlled, video game (pictures 1, 2, 3, 4) (MP4-20MB)

  • TouchPad video game (MP4-12MB)

  • Laser Pong (mpeg: Bruce and Bryan playing) (blip.tv, gizmodo,ubergizmo, engadget ) (NEXT no. 5: MINDBLOWERS, Denmark April 2008, (picture of Adrian at show, coverage in Danish newspaper)

  • Movement to Music: A Wearable Wireless Motion Sensor system (MP4-17MB)

  • Music-controlled Puppet (MP4-21MB)

  • Line-following car (mpeg) (YouTube)

  • Audio homing robot (hackedgadgets)

  • Model retina: color tracker (mpeg)(MP4-23MB)

  • Evolving neural robot

  • MCU MIDI synthesizer

  • AirJam: wearable air guitar (pictures 1, 2) (MP4-23MB)

  • USB host controller (obsolete 476 version: USB host controller)

  • UDP/Ethernet Controlled Temperature Regulator

  • Dynamically reconfigurable MCU communication (local copy)

  • Telescope controller

  • Morse code interpreter, with speech synthesis

  • Complex impedance analyzer

  • uControl DVD macro-controller

  • SD card MP3 player

  • iPod controller

  • USB Magnetic Mouse/Touchpad

  • Polygraph (hacked-gadgets)

  • Elevator Bank

  • Pinball machine (MP4-15Mb)

  • Guitar legend maker

  • Braille reader

  • Ultrasonic parking aid

  • Retractable Alarm Clock (hackedgadgets)

  • Autonomous Blimp (hackedgadgets)

  • Automatic pet feeder

  • Programmable medication scheduler

  • CCD imager

  • CalcParser

  • Firefly synchronization

  • Graphing calculator

  • Speech recognition jukebox

  • Speech recognition chess

  • Sound Source Triangulation Game

  • Touch Screen Controlled R/C Car

  • AppleII emulator

  • HDD analog clock with LCD touchscreen

  • CUAUV Voltage Sniffer

  • CUsat diagnostic board

  • SearchBot (mpeg)

  • RoboSweeper (mpeg, another mpeg)

  • CoolerBot

  • MCU/FPGA color video Game Platform (mpeg)

  • Higher resolution color TV

  • Color TV using two MCUs

  • Musical Water Fountain (mpeg) (avi 20 Mbytes with sound)

  • Two-TV video air Hockey (mpeg)

  • Karaoke machine

  • Dual control R/C car

  • Guitar Synthesizer

  • Self-powered solar data logger (Circuit Cellar magazine, issue #198, Jan 2007, page 12 , toc)

  • Lighting control system

  • Intelligent multimedia

  • ADPCM voice recorder

  • Reflow oven controller (Circuit Cellar magazine, issue #199, Feb 2007, page 46 )

  • Ultrasonic spotlight tracker

  • Galvanic skin response meter

  • RFID security system (AVR design contest 2006) (Circuit Cellarhackedgadgets)

    magazine, issue #199, Feb 2007, page 24)(
  • Autonomous Helicopter (mpeg) (AVR design Contest 2006 ) (hackedgadgets)

  • Voice recognition car

  • Speech recognition security system

  • Morse code transmit and receive

  • Secure LED

  • SwingBot (mpeg)

  • SwingBot (mpeg)

  • Barcode scanner

  • Soccermania video game

  • Capacitance sensor MIDI keyboard

  • Grillzilla wireless meat thermometer

  • Para-para-revolution video game (mpeg)

  • SnakeArm ultrasonic positioning control

  • Sign language coach (mpeg)

  • Radial ChalkBot

  • Bicycle computer

  • Handwriting Recognition System

  • GPS World

  • Video puzzle

  • Chess Robot

  • kaOS operating system and loader (Circuit Cellar Magazine, Issue #193 Aug 2006 page 56) (AVR design contest 2006)

  • Keyboard mania (mpeg 19 Mbyte)

  • Super Breakout video game (mpeg 1.9 Mbytes)

  • Jezzball video game

  • Duckhunt video game (mpeg 2.4 Mbytes)

  • The Contender video game (mpeg 4.5 Mbytes)

  • Big Red Juice Mixer (Slashdot article Monday, May 2, 2005)

  • Color Tetris video game

  • LightRover - light sensing robot

  • PPP-Palm

  • WeatherDog

  • Virtual Pool (wmv 900 Kbytes) (Circuit Cellar Magazine, Issue #184 November 2005 )

  • AirMouse (Circuit Cellar Magazine, Issue #191 June 2006, article)

  • SharpShooter video game

  • Neural net robot

  • Wireless Electromyograph

  • Stepper Motor Indexer & Decoder

  • Turbidity meter

  • Human Motion Capture

  • Accelerometer Mouse

  • Wireless Telemetry (avi 6 Mbytes) (HackADay Feb 16, 2006)

  • Portable Security System

  • Blood Pressure Monitor

  • Missle Command video game

  • Super Breakout video game (some images broken)

  • Breathalyser door lock

  • Programmable IR receiver and Connect-4 game

  • MIDI drum controller

  • Vocal Tuner

  • RoboDog

  • PC temperature control

  • Dungeons of Doom video game

  • Dual control RC car

  • Solar Tracker

  • GPS/inertial guidance

  • Digger video game

  • Gauntlet of uComputation

  • CubeSat Diagnostics board

  • Digital voice recorder

  • ISREVER (Reversi) video game

  • Frequency Division Multiplexing for a Multi-Sensor Wireless Telemetry System

  • Shooting star video game

  • Electronic Dartboard

  • Kasubana electronic flower

  • Bar Inventory System

  • Voting Machine

  • EyeSnake video game

  • Digital Guitar tuner

  • Automated Juice Mixer

  • Mega32 webserver (code)

  • Digital Stethoscope (Mpeg of display)

  • Graduate from Cornell video game

  • Flat Bed Scanner

  • Non-orthogonal Plotter (mpeg)

  • Mouse Painter

  • Paint with mouse input

  • Radio Controlled outlet strip

  • Autonomous navigating robot (mpeg)

  • Nova Strike video game

  • Digital Compass

  • MiniGolf video game with putter

  • MiniGolf video game (mpeg)

  • Programmable remote control

  • Electr-O-Sketch (slashdot article) (Forbes article, follow the Custom Gadgets You Can't Buy link)

  • Pong2

  • Ultrasonic Rangefinder

  • Mega32 Basic

  • Music Synthesizer with Interactive TV Display

  • Laser Morse code tutor

  • Pump It Up audio game

  • Guitar Tuner

  • Beverage Monitor (slashdot article)

  • MP3 radio

  • Smart blinds

  • Keypaw

  • Home Security System

  • Bar Code Scanner

  • Implementation of a (31, 16) BCH code on a Microcontroller

  • Ball Fight Video Game

  • Breath Alcohol Tester

  • WinAmp controller

  • WinAmp Controller

  • Eye-in-the-sky (mpeg of camera head)

  • Xylophone

  • Scorched Earth video game

  • WonderSwan Development Cartridge

  • Star Duel video game

  • Big Red Map (Mpeg of engineering quad)

  • Missle Command video game

  • 3D gForce mouse

  • Stationary Helicopter (mpeg)

  • Remote control car

  • Weather Station

  • BlindBot

  • Infrared Tracking System

  • Inverted Pendulum Balancer

  • Variable Traffic Controller

  • MazeRunner Video Game

  • 6502 Emulation on an Atmel Mega32

  • Electronic Virtual Animal

  • Arkanoid Video Game

  • Cantneroid Video Game

  • Digi-Level

  • Reversi Video Game

  • Guitar Special Effects

  • Tap the Dance

  • Graphing Calculator

  • Dartboard with Video

  • Memory Video Game

  • Treasure of the High Seas Video Game

  • PacMan Video Game

  • SpaceInvaders Video Game

  • Space Fighter Video Game

  • Frogger Video Game

  • MIDI synthesizer

  • Radio Control Car

  • Sound Effects Processor

  • Battleship Video Game

  • Wireless Keyboard

  • DuckHunter Video Game

  • MineSweeper Video Game

  • Vehicle Performance Meter

  • Digital Preamplifier

  • Tetris Video Game

  • Hockey Video Game

  • Gray-scale Graphics: Dueling Ships

  • Connect-4 Video Game

  • Laser Light Show

  • Wireless Drawing Device

  • Laser Communications System

  • TouchPad Drawing Board

  • IntelliBot

  • Sheet Music Generator

  • TCP/IP

  • Multi-Zone Fire Alarm System

  • Scanning Tunneling Microscope

  • Tic-Tac-Toe on TV

  • Snake on TV

  • Hard drive AVR programmer

  • Audio Frequency Response Analyzer

  • Line following autonomous car

  • Safety-sensor vehicle

  • MP3 Player

  • MP3 Player

  • Simon

  • GPS AmeriMap

  • Home security system

  • Voice Activated Alarm Clock

  • Russianbloc on LCD

  • Pong on LCD

  • Pong on oscilloscope

  • Music Synthesizer

  • Club Light Controller

  • Blackjack2go

  • Blackjack

  • Globe

  • Accelerometer Gmouse

  • Postage meter

  • Digital Hourglass

  • Cornopoly on LCD

  • Phone Dialer

  • Laser Tag

  • Robot Cricket

  • WindCaddy

  • Hovercraft

  • Sound targeting

  • Nintendo 64 to PS/2 Mouse

  • Golf

  • Fish: Video Controller

  • PBX (Private Branch Exchange)

  • Vertical Plotter

  • X-Y Plotter

  • Fertilizer Feedrate Controller

  • Home Audio Control System

  • SuperTrain Controller

  • Digital Mirror Message Machine

  • MP3 CD SuperJukebox

  • Pre-emptive Operating System

  • Wireless Internet Pager

  • Wireless message Communicator

  • Robot Arm

  • Tilt Maze

  • Ultra-Sonic Parking Assistant

  • Cooking Coach

  • BiLines

  • gEECShip

  • Graphing Calculator

  • Web-based AVR Interface

  • Midi Sequencer

  • ECG monitoring system

  • Autonomous Tank

  • ZIP drive/Digital Camera

  • Digital Message Machine

  • Web-Monitored Thermostat

  • Analog modem

  • Robot Arm

  • Security Entrance System

  • Radio-controlled Truck

  • Temperature Datalogger

  • MP3 player

  • Pong

  • Snake 476

  • Ultimate Alarm Clock

  • Beat Tracking Strobe

  • Guitar Special effects: The Shredder

  • Drum machine and Sequencer

  • Digital Thermometer

  • Digital Oscilloscope

  • Arbitrary Waveform Generator

  • 8-Trak Sampler

  • Serial-port game board

  • Secure RSA Credit Card Transaction System

  • Mini Area Network

  • Autonomous Robotic Cricket

  • Zen Touchpad

  • Porche 911 Radio Controlled Car

  • Autonomous Vehicle

  • Spectrum Analyser

  • Real-Time Guitar Tuner

  • Whack-a-Cap

  • CU Organizer

  • Malay Language Learning kit

  • Fixed point scientific calculator

  • Etch-a-Sketch

  • Real-time debugger

  • VT100 Pong

  • Home Security System

  • Infrared Universal Remote Control

  • Car Alarm System

  • Hangman

  • Simon

  • Answering Machine

  • Thermostat

  • BlackJack

  • Lego Vehicle

  • RC car controller

  • Sinewave Synthesizer

  • Temperature and Pressure Control

  • Video Frame Buffer

  • ]]>
    1804 2010-05-15 20:42:21 2010-05-15 11:42:21 open open 432-biomedical-electronics-projects-project-ideas-must-read-post-for-all-the-engineers publish 0 0 post 1 enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2007/bl222_wh84/MOV05003.MPG 1038608 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2007/aw259_bkr24/MOV05043.MPG 1097150 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2008/pae26_rwc28/3dled.MOV 62062614 video/quicktime _edit_lock 1273924304 _edit_last 1 enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2008/aac38_jck46/AirDrum.MOV 88582366 video/quicktime enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2007/sjj26_sb363/MOV05020.MPG 2092863 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/jzs3_da65/SearchBot.avi 12727786 video/x-msvideo enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/hac24/MOV04123.MPG 5005990 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/hac24/MOV04124.MPG 3202783 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/ak333apa22/MOV04086.MPG 849206 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/tj39vls25tmd29/MOV04126.MPG 1928093 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/tj39vls25tmd29/tj39vls25tmd29/clip.avi 22565978 video/x-msvideo enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/cy68%20zc35/MOV04116.MPG 1502741 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/rg242/MOV04201.MPG 1469807 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/nh48sh272/MOV04193.MPG 3470354 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/wl228hl336/MOV04209.MPG 2389441 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/%20yohowo/MOV04211.MPG 3044606 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2006/kttruong/MOV04134.MPG 1044106 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2005/cw272/keyboardmania_cw272.MPG 20290418 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2005/eyc22/MOV02744.MPG 1962965 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2005/rh92/MOV02784.MPG 2554063 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2005/rh92/MOV02774.MPG 4551030 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2005/mpd25_yl293/476L6V%20001.avi 4046613 video/x-msvideo enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/bcr5/MOV01754.MPG 847748 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/ps237/MOV01926.MPG 1341449 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/ad284/MOV01827.MPG 1276334 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/brv4/MOV01856.mpeg 2323197 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/fci2/MOV01940.MPG 685736 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/sj74/MOV01914.MPG 1013941 video/mpeg enclosure http://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ee476/FinalProjects/s2004/tl92/MOV01943.MPG 2586909 video/mpeg
    FREE WEB SEMINAR ON NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS ON 28TH MAY http://biomedikal.in/free-web-seminar-on-nanotechnology-for-biomedical-applications-on-28th-may/ Tue, 18 May 2010 04:25:04 +0000 http://biomedikal.in/?p=1811 Nanotechnology for biomedical applications - free webinar (Nanowerk News) The potential of nanotechnology to support biomedical applications - including techniques for intelligent diagnostics and therapeutics, probing and repairing of individual cells, nano-inspired implants, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine - is widely acknowledged.

    Find out more about current developments, network with other researchers and share research interests in a free online workshop on "Nanotechnology for Biomedical Applications" organized by the ICPC Nanonet project on Friday May 28th from 11.00-13.00 GMT (12.00-14.00 BST).

    Expert speakers include Prof Chanchal Mitra - professor of biochemistry at the University of Hyderabad, India Dr Mustafa Selman Yavuz - professor at the NanoMedicine and Advanced Technologies Research Center, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. Participation is free for registered users of the ICPC-NanoNet website. How to register for workshop: Workshop participants must be activated users of ICPC-Nanonet. Registration is free. Please fill in this form: Register here Numbers are limited to the first 25 registrations. Source: ICPC NanoNet
    ]]>
    1811 2010-05-18 13:25:04 2010-05-18 04:25:04 open open free-web-seminar-on-nanotechnology-for-biomedical-applications-on-28th-may publish 0 0 post 0 _edit_last 1 _edit_lock 1274156706