The biological and medical fields have seen great advances in biomolecules. This review is meant to provide an overview of the various types of biosensors and biochips that have been developed for biological and medical applications, along with significant advances over the last several years in these technologies. It also attempts to describe various classification schemes that can be used for categorizing the different biosensors and provide relevant examples of these classification schemes from recent literature.
Scientists hope that one day in the distant future, miniature, medically-savvy computers will roam our bodies, detecting early-stage diseases and treating them on the spot by releasing a suitable drug, without any outside help. To make this vision a reality, computers must be sufficiently small to fit into body cells. Moreover, they must be able to “talk” to various cellular systems. These challenges can be best addressed by creating computers based on biological molecules such as DNA or proteins. The idea is far from outrageous; after all, biological organisms are capable of receiving and processing information, and of responding accordingly, in a way that resembles a computer.
This is a preview of DNA Based Medical Device inserted into bacterial cell.
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Workshop Dates
24th – 26th November 2011
ABOUT THE WORKSHOP
Dear Colleague:
On behalf of the Organisers, DNA Diagnostics, 2011, we take great pleasure in inviting you to the Hand’s on workshop on DNADiagnostics, 2011. The aim of this workshop is to update post-graduates, research scholars, pediatricians and gynecologist with the latest molecular techniques for the identification of genetic disorders.
This will help the participants to understand theoretical background and practical approaches with various applications. This is a golden opportunity to learn advanced techniques at affordable cost to apply and inculcate this knowledge in various applied areas of diagnostic research activities to be in forefront.
Organising Secretary
(Prof. Sarita Agarwal)
This is a preview of Hands on workshop on DNA Diagnostics,24th–26th November 2011,lucknow.
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Protein Synthesis Involves Transcription & Translation
- The 2 steps of protein synthesis:
| Process |
Where |
Major Components |
Notes |
| Transcription |
In the nucleus |
DNA gene
RNA polymerase |
Gene is activated.
A copy of the code is made from RNA (m-RNA)
m-RNA leaves the nucleus, goes to cytoplasm. |
| Translation |
In the cytoplasm, on the ribosomes |
m-RNA
Ribosomes
Peptidyl transferase enzyme
Transfer RNAs |
Ribosome decodes the m-RNA and makes the correct protein. |
- Keeping the main copy of the genes in the nucleus protects it from damage
- There are many DNA repair mechanisms in the nucleus
